The 1^(st) International Coastal Biology Congress(1^(st) ICBC) was held in Yantai, China, in Sep. 26–30, 2014. Eighteen manuscripts of the meeting presentations were selected in this special issue. According to the f...The 1^(st) International Coastal Biology Congress(1^(st) ICBC) was held in Yantai, China, in Sep. 26–30, 2014. Eighteen manuscripts of the meeting presentations were selected in this special issue. According to the four themes set in the ICBC meeting, this special issue include four sections, i.e., Coastal Biodiversity under Global Change, Adaptation and Evolution to Special Environment of Coastal Zone, Sustainable Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, and Coastal Biotechnology. Recent advances in these filed are presented.展开更多
The development of sustainable biomaterials has recently attracted great interest in the fields of flexible electronics and biosensing hydrogels.Hydrogels are a class of three-dimensional spatial network structure,and...The development of sustainable biomaterials has recently attracted great interest in the fields of flexible electronics and biosensing hydrogels.Hydrogels are a class of three-dimensional spatial network structure,and their structure and shape can exhibit reversible or noticeable responses to various stimuli,making them a popular choice for flexible electronic materials in recent years.Acrylic hydrogels,which possess a rich carboxylate network,can provide significant sensing and actuation properties to the hydrogels.They are often synthesized through the co-polymerization of their monomers and cross-linking agents,and they can be combined with naturally occurring biopolymers such as cellulose and chitosan to enhance biocompatibility.In this paper,we re-view the compounding methods and preparation process technologies of functionalized acrylic hydrogels and the application of polyacrylic acid(PAA)bioproducts in various fields.Finally,we review the current challenges and future directions for acrylic hydrogel prepared sensors and their applications.展开更多
Astaxanthin(AX)and vitamin E(VE)are widely consumed nutritional supplements in China,with its beneficial effects predominantly attributed to all-trans AX and VE.The aim of this study is to develop and validate a rapid...Astaxanthin(AX)and vitamin E(VE)are widely consumed nutritional supplements in China,with its beneficial effects predominantly attributed to all-trans AX and VE.The aim of this study is to develop and validate a rapid and accurate method for quantifying the content of AX and VE in nutritional supplement products using highly sensitive1H NMR method.Coumarin was chosen as the internal standard.Specific signals from AX was optimal at H-7,7'in the chemical shift range ofδ6.17–6.24 ppm,whereas the signals of VE atδ2.59 ppm.To demonstrate the reliability of this analytical approach the proposed method underwent rigorous validation,specificity,limit of detection(LOD),limit of quantitation(LOQ),linearity,accuracy,precision,and recovery.The accuracy of the validation method was 3.10%for AX and 1.99%for VE.The results indicated that the method was precise and reliable.The method has been successfully applied to simultaneous quantification of AX and VE in nutritional supplements products.展开更多
Progress in the molecular oncology of gastrointestinal carcinomas depends on high quality cancer tissues for research. Recent acceleration on new technological platforms as well as the "omics" revolution inc...Progress in the molecular oncology of gastrointestinal carcinomas depends on high quality cancer tissues for research. Recent acceleration on new technological platforms as well as the "omics" revolution increases the demands on tissues and peripheral blood for research at the DNA, mRNA and protein levels. Tissue bank creation emerges as a priority. Tumor tissue banks are facilities that are organized to collect, store and distribute samples of tumor and normal tissue for further use in basic and translational cancer research. The samples are generally obtained immediately after excision, prior to fixation, to ensure optimal preservation of proteins and nucleic acids. It is possible for surgeons or pathologists to collect fresh tissue prospectively during their routine dissection procedures. Most tissue banks are "project-driven" tumor banks, which are specialized collections of tumor samples on which their research is based. Systematic collection of all available tumor tissue is much rarer. High quality tissue banks need the collaboration of clinicians and basic scientists, but also the informed consent of patients and ethical approval. Through the standard operation procedure, snap frozen fresh tissue collection, storage and quality control for cryopreserved tissues are the pivotal factors on tissue bank construction and maintaining. The purpose of the tissue bank creation is enhancing the quality and speed on both the basic and translational research on gastrointestinal cancer. The quality assurance and quality control are handled based on reviewing HE staining slides or touch imprint cytology by pathologists.展开更多
In the context of the circular economy,the huge amounts of biomass waste should be converted into value-added materials and energy to diminish pollution,atmospheric CO_(2)levels and costly waste disposal.Biological im...In the context of the circular economy,the huge amounts of biomass waste should be converted into value-added materials and energy to diminish pollution,atmospheric CO_(2)levels and costly waste disposal.Biological imaging usually uses expensive and toxic chemicals e.g.,organic dyes,semiconductor quantum dots,calling for safer,greener,cheaper fluorescent probes for biological imaging in vitro and in vivo.In these regards,carbon quantum dots(CQDs)-based fluorescent probes using biomass waste as a precursor may have much higher potential.Here we transformed the biomass waste of peach leaves into value-added fluorescent CQDs through a low-cost and green one-step hydrothermal process.The obtained CQDs show excitation-dependent photoluminescence properties with a fluorescence lifetime of 5.96 ns and a quantum yield of 7.71%without any passivation.In addition,the CQDs have a fine size of 1.9 nm with good hydrophilicity and high fluorescent stability over pH 4.0-11.0 range.Fluorescence imaging of in vitro cell cultures and in vivo with zebrafish show that CQDs possess ultra-low toxicity and remarkable performance for biological imaging.Even when CQDs present at a concentration as high as500μg/m L,the organism can still maintain more than 90%activity both in vitro and in vivo,and present bright fluorescence.The cheaper,greener,ultra-low toxicity CQDs developed in this work is a potential candidate for biological imaging in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
Heavy metals disposed through anthropogenic activities find their way into aquatic environment through factory effluents. These heavy metals resuspend back into the water column along with the sediments and are known ...Heavy metals disposed through anthropogenic activities find their way into aquatic environment through factory effluents. These heavy metals resuspend back into the water column along with the sediments and are known to affect aquatic bioresources. Effluent water samples and crabs were collected along top camp stream to evaluate heavy metal concentrations and were assessed to determine the uptake of heavy metals in crabs. Results show fluctuation in acidity/alkalinity of water samples. BOD, COD, DO, conductivity and organic phosphorous were below permissible limit, and metal concentrations (As, Cu, Cr and Zn) in water samples do not constitute a risk factor for human health. However, concentrations of Cupper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Asenate (As) and Manganese (Mn) in crabs were significantly higher than the level found in the effluent water. Heavy metal poisoning has been identified among people that depend on crabs for their protein. Such effects are viewed by international health organization as attenuation of human health. The toxic elements (As, Cu, Fe and Mn) in the effluent and dissolved solid concentrations including potassium and calcium carbonate may be reduced through resource recovery.展开更多
With the rapid rise in the population, there is higher demand of the food supply to fed millions of people. As such dependence on the few major staple crops to meet the needs of the people has led to increases in star...With the rapid rise in the population, there is higher demand of the food supply to fed millions of people. As such dependence on the few major staple crops to meet the needs of the people has led to increases in starvation and poverty. Underutilized edible plants offer a cheaper and affordable option in providing more crop diversification to tackle these problems and provide food security to the poor to the world in general and to the developing countries in particular. In the present investigation, a total of 142 underutilized edible plants were collected, identified and documented from three districts (Kohima, Phek and Tuensang) of Nagaland, India. The collected plant consists of 126 species of plants and 16 wild edible mushrooms or macro fungus species. The collected plants were categorized according to types of plant and their parts used collected during the period 2012-2016 with their scientific name, family, common name, vernacular name and accession number. The study discusses the need to promote these plants for providing food security and income generation through sustainable collection, cultivation and marketing and to workout proper conservation strategies to prevent depletion and lost of the natural habitat caused by anthropogenic activities. The study also encourages more survey and researches in the rest of the districts of the state and to study the phytochemical constituents to harness the nutraceutical properties of these plants.展开更多
The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative ...The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative biotechnology based on free nitrous acid(FNA)to realize sustainable organics recovery from waste activated sludge(WAS)in-situ,driving efficient nitrogen removal from ammonia rich mature landfill leachate by integrating partial nitrification,fermentation,and denitrification process(PN/DN-F/DN).First,ammonia((1708.5±142.9)mg·L^(-1))in mature landfill leachate is oxidized to nitrite in the aerobic stage of a partial nitrification coupling denitrification(PN/DN)sequencing batch reactor(SBR),with nitrite accumulation ratio of 95.4%±2.5%.Then,intermediate effluent(NO_(2)^(-)-N=(1196.9±184.2)mg·L^(-1))of the PN/DN-SBR,along with concentrated WAS(volatile solids(VSs)=(15119.8±2484.2)mg·L^(-1)),is fed into an anoxic reactor for fermentation coupling denitrification process(F/DN).FNA,the protonated form of nitrite,degrades organics in the WAS to the soluble fraction by the biocidal effect,and the released organics are utilized by denitrifiers to drive NOx-reduction.An ultra-fast sludge reduction rate of 4.89 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) and nitrogen removal rate of 0.46 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) were realized in the process.Finally,F/DN-SBR effluent containing organics is refluxed to PN/DN-SBR for secondary denitrification in the post anoxic stage.After 175 d operation,an average of 19350.6 mg chemical oxygen demand organics were recovered per operational cycle,with 95.2%nitrogen removal and 53.4%sludge reduction.PN/DN-F/DN is of great significance for promoting a paradigm transformation from energy consumption to energy neutral,specifically,the total benefit in equivalent terms of energy was 291.8 kW·h·t^(-1) total solid.展开更多
The first part of the article provides an overview of the theoretical evidence, the main provisions, and the implementation strategy of information support for bioresource and ecosystem research in the north-west Paci...The first part of the article provides an overview of the theoretical evidence, the main provisions, and the implementation strategy of information support for bioresource and ecosystem research in the north-west Pacific, which has been conducted over the past 20 years in the Russian Far East Research Institute TINRO-Center. In short, the concept consists of a combination of the following four assertions: 1) For the steady and sustainable development of the Russian Far East, the entire Russian Federation and the Asia-Pacific Region in general, environmental, food, economic, and other security is required, which cannot be achieved without the rational use of bioresources based on the ecosystem approach to the management of aquatic bioresources. 2) For the inventory, appraisal, monitoring, forecasting of the state of and management the natural water resources when applying this approach, statistically relevant quantitative information is required on the greatest possible number of constituents of marine biocenosis of the north-western Pacific for the longest possible period of time, which is only available at the TINRO-Center. 3) This valuable data should be organized into databases, based on which geo-information and other electronic information systems are prepared, and based on these map atlases and reference books on natural water resources, using automated workplaces created especially for this. 4) The resulting unique information support will be of great value not only for practical purposes, but also for science, both applied and fundamental. Next comes a summary of the many years of work on the practical implementation of this concept and the key achievements in this field obtained by the TINRO-Center by the end of 2015 are reviewed. At the end, some plans for the near future are outlined.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to determine the morphological, microstructural characteristics and water diffusion parameters of the Canarium schweinfurthii (CS) shellnut. This work is part of a vast project to valorize...The purpose of this study is to determine the morphological, microstructural characteristics and water diffusion parameters of the Canarium schweinfurthii (CS) shellnut. This work is part of a vast project to valorize the above-mentioned cores for possible industrial use as charges in composites or abrasives materials. The study was based on the characterization of intrinsic physical characteristics of the coreshells scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations desorption, adsorption and absorption kinetics. The water diffusion phenomenon was modeled and it appears that the Page model well predicted the kinetic of drying, absorption and adsorption. The effective diffusion coefficient and the energy of activation were calculated at three isothermal temperatures (50<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C, 70<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and 90<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C). There was a tendency for hysteresis in the sorption-desorption cycles. These results strongly predicted the possibility of using these products as a filler in composites, clay building materials and cement because of their high water diffusion stability on a macroscopic scale.展开更多
The rapid advancement of biomedical polymers has raised significant concerns about the disposal of medical polymer waste.Sustainable biomass materials derived from renewable sources in na-ture have emerged as promisin...The rapid advancement of biomedical polymers has raised significant concerns about the disposal of medical polymer waste.Sustainable biomass materials derived from renewable sources in na-ture have emerged as promising alternatives to petroleum-based polymers for medical applica-tions and tissue engineering due to their abundance,biodegradability,and environmental friend-liness.In tissue engineering,interconnected macropores within biomaterials are crucial as they provide space and interfaces for cells,enhancing permeability for nutrient and waste transport.In this review,we summarize recent developments in the use of biomass materials to engineer macroporous tissue engineering scaffolds.We highlight key techniques,such as microparticles assembly,leaching template,and bioprinting that can create macropores within scaffolds com-posed of biomass materials and their composites.In addition,we investigate the applications of the macroporous scaffolds in wound healing,with a focus on cell behaviors within macroporous constructs and their role in treating chronic wounds.We envision that the combination of the bicontinuous macropores and biomass-based materials can create an ideal cellular environment and provide a powerful platform for wound healing and tissue regeneration.展开更多
Dear Editor,Lignocellulose,primarily composed of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin,is the most abundant renewable bioresource used across industrial and agricultural sectors in modern society(Deng et al.,2023).Howeve...Dear Editor,Lignocellulose,primarily composed of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin,is the most abundant renewable bioresource used across industrial and agricultural sectors in modern society(Deng et al.,2023).However,the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass hinders its utilization efficiency.As the predominant hemicellulose polysaccharide that cross-links with cellulose and lignin in grasses,xylan is an ideal target for manipulation to alter cell wall properties(Bhatia et al.,2017;Zhang et al.,2023).展开更多
Wild sturgeon populations have declined dramatically worldwide due to habitat degradation,such as river fragmentation,caused by anthropogenic pressures including legal and illegal overfishing and pollution.Rearing and...Wild sturgeon populations have declined dramatically worldwide due to habitat degradation,such as river fragmentation,caused by anthropogenic pressures including legal and illegal overfishing and pollution.Rearing and releasing juvenile fish into natural water bodies is one method to restore biological resources.This study aimed to:(1)examine the spectrum of conditionally pathogenic bacteria causing pathological processes in domesticated sterlet(Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus,1758);(2)investigate the effects of pathogenic bacteria on fish internal organs using combined histological techniques for tissue treatment;(3)identify tissues as biomarkers for assessing the impact of bacterial co-infection in sturgeon;and(4)evaluate the role of these infections in fish domestication.Liver damage was the primary clinical manifestation during co-bacterial infection in all tested fish.Additionally,shifts in liver cell functions and cytological characteristics were observed.展开更多
The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentreq...The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentrequirements of functionalization. However, cellulose nanomaterials obtained from lignocellulosics which has reachedadvanced stages as a sustainable functional material is challenged by its preparation procedures. These procedures can notbest be described as sustainable and eco-friendly owning to lots of energy and chemicals spent in the pre-treatment andpurification processes. These processes are intended to aid fractionation into the major components in order to removelignin and hemicellulose for the production of cellulose nanomaterials. This work is thus centred on reviewing theprogress achieved in introducing a new cellulose nanomaterial containing lignin. The preparation processes, propertiesand applications of this new lignin-containing cellulose nanomaterial will be discussed in order to chart a sustainablepreparation route for cellulose nanomaterials.展开更多
Leather is a collagen-based biomass prepared from raw skins or hides by a series of unit operations, in which the unhairing and fiber opening are extremely important operations. However, the conventional Na2S/Ca(OH)2 ...Leather is a collagen-based biomass prepared from raw skins or hides by a series of unit operations, in which the unhairing and fiber opening are extremely important operations. However, the conventional Na2S/Ca(OH)2 system used in unhairing and fiber opening has given rise to the pollution to the environment. It is necessary to develop substitute technology for the Na2S/Ca(OH)2. In the present study, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIm]Cl) was used to cooperate with dispase for cycle unhairing and one-pot beamhouse to recycle waste bovine hides and com-pared with conventional processing. During those processes, the mechanism of [AMIm]Cl-dispase synergistic unhair-ing and collagen fibers opening were studied. Besides, plant hazard, organic matter and [AMIm]Cl of wastewater from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process were respectively investigated and separated to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of the [AMIm]Cl-dispase process. As a result, enzyme activity after unhairing by [AMIm]Cl-diapase system for using 5 times is higher than that by KCl-dispase system, and needs lower unhairing time, which is because of rapid penetration of [AMIm]Cl-dispase solution in bovine hides. For this reason, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of tanned leather from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process are higher than those from the KCl-diapase and conventional pro-cesses, and its hydrothermal shrinkage temperature is comparable to that of the conventional one. Because of the 58.13% lower wastewater discharge (WD), 66.60% lower total solids (TS), 97.23% lower ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), non-toxic wastewater and organic matter recovery in wastewater are reached from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process, which is expected to be an alternative to the conventional process to reduce environmental pollution and realize the sustainable development of technology for leather manufacturing.展开更多
Dr. Yao-Guang Liu was born in March 1954, in Guangdong China. He received his Bachelor’s degree in agricultural science from South China Agricultural University (SCAU)in 1982. He received his Master’s degree in agri...Dr. Yao-Guang Liu was born in March 1954, in Guangdong China. He received his Bachelor’s degree in agricultural science from South China Agricultural University (SCAU)in 1982. He received his Master’s degree in agricultural science in 1988 from Kagawa University and Ph.D. in 1991from Kyoto University in Japan. He worked in the Mitsui Plant Biotechnology Research Institute, Japan, from 1991 to1996, and has been a professor at SCAU since 1997. He serves as vice director of the State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources.展开更多
In the sewage treatment process,facilitating the conversion of pollutants into value-added resources holds great potential for reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and promoting economic circulation.Cyanoph...In the sewage treatment process,facilitating the conversion of pollutants into value-added resources holds great potential for reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and promoting economic circulation.Cyanophycin granule polypeptide(CGP),a recently discovered high value-added biopolymer present in activated sludge,has provided new avenues for the recovery of resources.However,the mechanisms that regulate CGP synthesis and the characteristics of this biopolymer in activated sludge remain unclear thus far.This study investigated the synthesis of CGP,polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA),and alginate-like exopolysaccharides(ALE)in various microbial aggregates under different carbon sources feeding conditions.Our results showed that the CGP yields was superior that of PHA and ALE when subjected to identical carbon source feeding conditions.Furthermore,biofilm was more conducive to CGP accumulation than floc sludge.Compared with glucose and methanol,sodium acetate significantly enriched the CGP synthetase-encoding gene(cphAabundance=~17419),resulting in the highest CGP yield(average 107.1 mg/g MLSS)in both biofilm and floc sludge.This study is the first to reported the characteristic fluorescence of CGP(Ex/Em=~360/450 nm)caused by the aggregated luminescence of arginine on the side chains.Overall,this study highlights the potential application of CGP as a fluorescent material and offers insights into CGP recovery from activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants.展开更多
Ionic conductive hydrogels(ICHs)prepared from natural bioresources are promising candidates for constructing flexible electronics for both commercialization and environmental sustainability due to their intrinsic char...Ionic conductive hydrogels(ICHs)prepared from natural bioresources are promising candidates for constructing flexible electronics for both commercialization and environmental sustainability due to their intrinsic characteristics.However,simultaneous realization of high stiffness,toughness,conductivity,and multifunctionality while ensuring processing simplicity is extremely challenging.Here,a poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)-macromolecule functionalization strategy within a NaOH/urea system is proposed to construct high-performance and versatile polysaccharide-based ICHs(e.g.,cellulosic ICHs).In this strategy,the elaborately designed“soft”(PIL chains)and“hard”(cellulose backbone)structures as well as the dynamic covalent and noncovalent bonds of the cross-linked networks endow the hydrogel with high mechanical strength(9.46±0.23 MPa compressive modulus),exceptional stretchability(214.3%),and toughness(3.64±0.12 MJ m^(−3)).Ingeniously,due to the inherent conductivity,design flexibility,and functional compatibility of the PILs,the hydrogels exhibit high conductivity(6.54±0.17 mS cm^(−1)),self-healing ability(94.5%±2.0%efficiency),antibacterial properties,freezing resistance,water retention,and recyclability.Interestingly,this strategy is extended to fabricate diverse hydrogels from various polysaccharides,including agar,alginate,hyaluronic acid,and guar gum.In addition,multimodal sensing(strain,temperature,and humidity)is realized based on the stimulus-responsive characteristics of the hydrogels.This strategy opens new perspectives for the design of biomass-based hydrogels and beyond.展开更多
文摘The 1^(st) International Coastal Biology Congress(1^(st) ICBC) was held in Yantai, China, in Sep. 26–30, 2014. Eighteen manuscripts of the meeting presentations were selected in this special issue. According to the four themes set in the ICBC meeting, this special issue include four sections, i.e., Coastal Biodiversity under Global Change, Adaptation and Evolution to Special Environment of Coastal Zone, Sustainable Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, and Coastal Biotechnology. Recent advances in these filed are presented.
基金supported by Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32101459)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.CX(22)3171)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘The development of sustainable biomaterials has recently attracted great interest in the fields of flexible electronics and biosensing hydrogels.Hydrogels are a class of three-dimensional spatial network structure,and their structure and shape can exhibit reversible or noticeable responses to various stimuli,making them a popular choice for flexible electronic materials in recent years.Acrylic hydrogels,which possess a rich carboxylate network,can provide significant sensing and actuation properties to the hydrogels.They are often synthesized through the co-polymerization of their monomers and cross-linking agents,and they can be combined with naturally occurring biopolymers such as cellulose and chitosan to enhance biocompatibility.In this paper,we re-view the compounding methods and preparation process technologies of functionalized acrylic hydrogels and the application of polyacrylic acid(PAA)bioproducts in various fields.Finally,we review the current challenges and future directions for acrylic hydrogel prepared sensors and their applications.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202351011)。
文摘Astaxanthin(AX)and vitamin E(VE)are widely consumed nutritional supplements in China,with its beneficial effects predominantly attributed to all-trans AX and VE.The aim of this study is to develop and validate a rapid and accurate method for quantifying the content of AX and VE in nutritional supplement products using highly sensitive1H NMR method.Coumarin was chosen as the internal standard.Specific signals from AX was optimal at H-7,7'in the chemical shift range ofδ6.17–6.24 ppm,whereas the signals of VE atδ2.59 ppm.To demonstrate the reliability of this analytical approach the proposed method underwent rigorous validation,specificity,limit of detection(LOD),limit of quantitation(LOQ),linearity,accuracy,precision,and recovery.The accuracy of the validation method was 3.10%for AX and 1.99%for VE.The results indicated that the method was precise and reliable.The method has been successfully applied to simultaneous quantification of AX and VE in nutritional supplements products.
基金Supported by Grants from the Chinese National High Tech Program,No.863-2006AA02A402 and No.2006AA02A301National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30572127 and No.30770961+1 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Project,No.PJ200700367the Key Basic Research Project from Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,No.05JC14013 and No.09JC1409600
文摘Progress in the molecular oncology of gastrointestinal carcinomas depends on high quality cancer tissues for research. Recent acceleration on new technological platforms as well as the "omics" revolution increases the demands on tissues and peripheral blood for research at the DNA, mRNA and protein levels. Tissue bank creation emerges as a priority. Tumor tissue banks are facilities that are organized to collect, store and distribute samples of tumor and normal tissue for further use in basic and translational cancer research. The samples are generally obtained immediately after excision, prior to fixation, to ensure optimal preservation of proteins and nucleic acids. It is possible for surgeons or pathologists to collect fresh tissue prospectively during their routine dissection procedures. Most tissue banks are "project-driven" tumor banks, which are specialized collections of tumor samples on which their research is based. Systematic collection of all available tumor tissue is much rarer. High quality tissue banks need the collaboration of clinicians and basic scientists, but also the informed consent of patients and ethical approval. Through the standard operation procedure, snap frozen fresh tissue collection, storage and quality control for cryopreserved tissues are the pivotal factors on tissue bank construction and maintaining. The purpose of the tissue bank creation is enhancing the quality and speed on both the basic and translational research on gastrointestinal cancer. The quality assurance and quality control are handled based on reviewing HE staining slides or touch imprint cytology by pathologists.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976116 and 52161145409)the Shaanxi Science and Technology Program(No.2020KWZ-005)+1 种基金SAFEA of China(“Belt and Road”Innovative Exchange Foreign Expert Project,No.DL2021041001L)Researchers Supporting Project number(No.RSP-2021/149),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia。
文摘In the context of the circular economy,the huge amounts of biomass waste should be converted into value-added materials and energy to diminish pollution,atmospheric CO_(2)levels and costly waste disposal.Biological imaging usually uses expensive and toxic chemicals e.g.,organic dyes,semiconductor quantum dots,calling for safer,greener,cheaper fluorescent probes for biological imaging in vitro and in vivo.In these regards,carbon quantum dots(CQDs)-based fluorescent probes using biomass waste as a precursor may have much higher potential.Here we transformed the biomass waste of peach leaves into value-added fluorescent CQDs through a low-cost and green one-step hydrothermal process.The obtained CQDs show excitation-dependent photoluminescence properties with a fluorescence lifetime of 5.96 ns and a quantum yield of 7.71%without any passivation.In addition,the CQDs have a fine size of 1.9 nm with good hydrophilicity and high fluorescent stability over pH 4.0-11.0 range.Fluorescence imaging of in vitro cell cultures and in vivo with zebrafish show that CQDs possess ultra-low toxicity and remarkable performance for biological imaging.Even when CQDs present at a concentration as high as500μg/m L,the organism can still maintain more than 90%activity both in vitro and in vivo,and present bright fluorescence.The cheaper,greener,ultra-low toxicity CQDs developed in this work is a potential candidate for biological imaging in vitro and in vivo.
文摘Heavy metals disposed through anthropogenic activities find their way into aquatic environment through factory effluents. These heavy metals resuspend back into the water column along with the sediments and are known to affect aquatic bioresources. Effluent water samples and crabs were collected along top camp stream to evaluate heavy metal concentrations and were assessed to determine the uptake of heavy metals in crabs. Results show fluctuation in acidity/alkalinity of water samples. BOD, COD, DO, conductivity and organic phosphorous were below permissible limit, and metal concentrations (As, Cu, Cr and Zn) in water samples do not constitute a risk factor for human health. However, concentrations of Cupper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Asenate (As) and Manganese (Mn) in crabs were significantly higher than the level found in the effluent water. Heavy metal poisoning has been identified among people that depend on crabs for their protein. Such effects are viewed by international health organization as attenuation of human health. The toxic elements (As, Cu, Fe and Mn) in the effluent and dissolved solid concentrations including potassium and calcium carbonate may be reduced through resource recovery.
文摘With the rapid rise in the population, there is higher demand of the food supply to fed millions of people. As such dependence on the few major staple crops to meet the needs of the people has led to increases in starvation and poverty. Underutilized edible plants offer a cheaper and affordable option in providing more crop diversification to tackle these problems and provide food security to the poor to the world in general and to the developing countries in particular. In the present investigation, a total of 142 underutilized edible plants were collected, identified and documented from three districts (Kohima, Phek and Tuensang) of Nagaland, India. The collected plant consists of 126 species of plants and 16 wild edible mushrooms or macro fungus species. The collected plants were categorized according to types of plant and their parts used collected during the period 2012-2016 with their scientific name, family, common name, vernacular name and accession number. The study discusses the need to promote these plants for providing food security and income generation through sustainable collection, cultivation and marketing and to workout proper conservation strategies to prevent depletion and lost of the natural habitat caused by anthropogenic activities. The study also encourages more survey and researches in the rest of the districts of the state and to study the phytochemical constituents to harness the nutraceutical properties of these plants.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (8222040)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (52131004)+4 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China association for science and technology (CAST,YESS20220508)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Beijing Association for Science and Technology (BAST,BYESS2023183)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Leading Team Project in Guangzhou (CYLJTD-201607)Key Research and Developmental Program of Shandong Province (2020CXGC011404)Cultivating Fund of Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology (PY202302).
文摘The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative biotechnology based on free nitrous acid(FNA)to realize sustainable organics recovery from waste activated sludge(WAS)in-situ,driving efficient nitrogen removal from ammonia rich mature landfill leachate by integrating partial nitrification,fermentation,and denitrification process(PN/DN-F/DN).First,ammonia((1708.5±142.9)mg·L^(-1))in mature landfill leachate is oxidized to nitrite in the aerobic stage of a partial nitrification coupling denitrification(PN/DN)sequencing batch reactor(SBR),with nitrite accumulation ratio of 95.4%±2.5%.Then,intermediate effluent(NO_(2)^(-)-N=(1196.9±184.2)mg·L^(-1))of the PN/DN-SBR,along with concentrated WAS(volatile solids(VSs)=(15119.8±2484.2)mg·L^(-1)),is fed into an anoxic reactor for fermentation coupling denitrification process(F/DN).FNA,the protonated form of nitrite,degrades organics in the WAS to the soluble fraction by the biocidal effect,and the released organics are utilized by denitrifiers to drive NOx-reduction.An ultra-fast sludge reduction rate of 4.89 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) and nitrogen removal rate of 0.46 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) were realized in the process.Finally,F/DN-SBR effluent containing organics is refluxed to PN/DN-SBR for secondary denitrification in the post anoxic stage.After 175 d operation,an average of 19350.6 mg chemical oxygen demand organics were recovered per operational cycle,with 95.2%nitrogen removal and 53.4%sludge reduction.PN/DN-F/DN is of great significance for promoting a paradigm transformation from energy consumption to energy neutral,specifically,the total benefit in equivalent terms of energy was 291.8 kW·h·t^(-1) total solid.
文摘The first part of the article provides an overview of the theoretical evidence, the main provisions, and the implementation strategy of information support for bioresource and ecosystem research in the north-west Pacific, which has been conducted over the past 20 years in the Russian Far East Research Institute TINRO-Center. In short, the concept consists of a combination of the following four assertions: 1) For the steady and sustainable development of the Russian Far East, the entire Russian Federation and the Asia-Pacific Region in general, environmental, food, economic, and other security is required, which cannot be achieved without the rational use of bioresources based on the ecosystem approach to the management of aquatic bioresources. 2) For the inventory, appraisal, monitoring, forecasting of the state of and management the natural water resources when applying this approach, statistically relevant quantitative information is required on the greatest possible number of constituents of marine biocenosis of the north-western Pacific for the longest possible period of time, which is only available at the TINRO-Center. 3) This valuable data should be organized into databases, based on which geo-information and other electronic information systems are prepared, and based on these map atlases and reference books on natural water resources, using automated workplaces created especially for this. 4) The resulting unique information support will be of great value not only for practical purposes, but also for science, both applied and fundamental. Next comes a summary of the many years of work on the practical implementation of this concept and the key achievements in this field obtained by the TINRO-Center by the end of 2015 are reviewed. At the end, some plans for the near future are outlined.
文摘The purpose of this study is to determine the morphological, microstructural characteristics and water diffusion parameters of the Canarium schweinfurthii (CS) shellnut. This work is part of a vast project to valorize the above-mentioned cores for possible industrial use as charges in composites or abrasives materials. The study was based on the characterization of intrinsic physical characteristics of the coreshells scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations desorption, adsorption and absorption kinetics. The water diffusion phenomenon was modeled and it appears that the Page model well predicted the kinetic of drying, absorption and adsorption. The effective diffusion coefficient and the energy of activation were calculated at three isothermal temperatures (50<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C, 70<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and 90<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C). There was a tendency for hysteresis in the sorption-desorption cycles. These results strongly predicted the possibility of using these products as a filler in composites, clay building materials and cement because of their high water diffusion stability on a macroscopic scale.
基金supported by a Merit Award from the Veterans Health Administration-Office of Research and Development(VA-ORD BLR&D Merit Award,BX-19-001).
文摘The rapid advancement of biomedical polymers has raised significant concerns about the disposal of medical polymer waste.Sustainable biomass materials derived from renewable sources in na-ture have emerged as promising alternatives to petroleum-based polymers for medical applica-tions and tissue engineering due to their abundance,biodegradability,and environmental friend-liness.In tissue engineering,interconnected macropores within biomaterials are crucial as they provide space and interfaces for cells,enhancing permeability for nutrient and waste transport.In this review,we summarize recent developments in the use of biomass materials to engineer macroporous tissue engineering scaffolds.We highlight key techniques,such as microparticles assembly,leaching template,and bioprinting that can create macropores within scaffolds com-posed of biomass materials and their composites.In addition,we investigate the applications of the macroporous scaffolds in wound healing,with a focus on cell behaviors within macroporous constructs and their role in treating chronic wounds.We envision that the combination of the bicontinuous macropores and biomass-based materials can create an ideal cellular environment and provide a powerful platform for wound healing and tissue regeneration.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1001400)a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270274)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund grant 1201-15052001.
文摘Dear Editor,Lignocellulose,primarily composed of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin,is the most abundant renewable bioresource used across industrial and agricultural sectors in modern society(Deng et al.,2023).However,the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass hinders its utilization efficiency.As the predominant hemicellulose polysaccharide that cross-links with cellulose and lignin in grasses,xylan is an ideal target for manipulation to alter cell wall properties(Bhatia et al.,2017;Zhang et al.,2023).
基金funded by the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine(state registration No.0116U001224)within the framework of the research work:"To research mechanisms of invasive and infectious fish diseases'spreading in freshwater aquaculture of Ukraine”financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine under the research program plan of the State Higher Educational Institution“Kherson Agrarian University”on the topic“Microanatomical Characteristics of the Ichthyofauna of Inland Water Bodies of Various Origins and Designated Purposes”(state registration number 0117U002809)funded under the EU's Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions,the MSCA4Ukraine Fellowship Scheme,within the framework of the research study“Study of the protective potential of probiotics in combination with nanoparticles during long-term exposure to juvenile fish to assess possible risks”(ID 1232728).
文摘Wild sturgeon populations have declined dramatically worldwide due to habitat degradation,such as river fragmentation,caused by anthropogenic pressures including legal and illegal overfishing and pollution.Rearing and releasing juvenile fish into natural water bodies is one method to restore biological resources.This study aimed to:(1)examine the spectrum of conditionally pathogenic bacteria causing pathological processes in domesticated sterlet(Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus,1758);(2)investigate the effects of pathogenic bacteria on fish internal organs using combined histological techniques for tissue treatment;(3)identify tissues as biomarkers for assessing the impact of bacterial co-infection in sturgeon;and(4)evaluate the role of these infections in fish domestication.Liver damage was the primary clinical manifestation during co-bacterial infection in all tested fish.Additionally,shifts in liver cell functions and cytological characteristics were observed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51733009)Chinese Academy of Science-President’s International Fellowship Initiative(CAS-PIFI)Postdoctoral Research in China(No.2017PS0019).
文摘The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentrequirements of functionalization. However, cellulose nanomaterials obtained from lignocellulosics which has reachedadvanced stages as a sustainable functional material is challenged by its preparation procedures. These procedures can notbest be described as sustainable and eco-friendly owning to lots of energy and chemicals spent in the pre-treatment andpurification processes. These processes are intended to aid fractionation into the major components in order to removelignin and hemicellulose for the production of cellulose nanomaterials. This work is thus centred on reviewing theprogress achieved in introducing a new cellulose nanomaterial containing lignin. The preparation processes, propertiesand applications of this new lignin-containing cellulose nanomaterial will be discussed in order to chart a sustainablepreparation route for cellulose nanomaterials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51673177)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0308500).
文摘Leather is a collagen-based biomass prepared from raw skins or hides by a series of unit operations, in which the unhairing and fiber opening are extremely important operations. However, the conventional Na2S/Ca(OH)2 system used in unhairing and fiber opening has given rise to the pollution to the environment. It is necessary to develop substitute technology for the Na2S/Ca(OH)2. In the present study, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIm]Cl) was used to cooperate with dispase for cycle unhairing and one-pot beamhouse to recycle waste bovine hides and com-pared with conventional processing. During those processes, the mechanism of [AMIm]Cl-dispase synergistic unhair-ing and collagen fibers opening were studied. Besides, plant hazard, organic matter and [AMIm]Cl of wastewater from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process were respectively investigated and separated to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of the [AMIm]Cl-dispase process. As a result, enzyme activity after unhairing by [AMIm]Cl-diapase system for using 5 times is higher than that by KCl-dispase system, and needs lower unhairing time, which is because of rapid penetration of [AMIm]Cl-dispase solution in bovine hides. For this reason, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of tanned leather from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process are higher than those from the KCl-diapase and conventional pro-cesses, and its hydrothermal shrinkage temperature is comparable to that of the conventional one. Because of the 58.13% lower wastewater discharge (WD), 66.60% lower total solids (TS), 97.23% lower ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), non-toxic wastewater and organic matter recovery in wastewater are reached from [AMIm]Cl-dispase process, which is expected to be an alternative to the conventional process to reduce environmental pollution and realize the sustainable development of technology for leather manufacturing.
文摘Dr. Yao-Guang Liu was born in March 1954, in Guangdong China. He received his Bachelor’s degree in agricultural science from South China Agricultural University (SCAU)in 1982. He received his Master’s degree in agricultural science in 1988 from Kagawa University and Ph.D. in 1991from Kyoto University in Japan. He worked in the Mitsui Plant Biotechnology Research Institute, Japan, from 1991 to1996, and has been a professor at SCAU since 1997. He serves as vice director of the State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20617)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2021JJ30664,2022JJ30559,and 2022JJ50131)Environmental Protection Research Project of Hunan Province,China(No.HBKT-2022036).
文摘In the sewage treatment process,facilitating the conversion of pollutants into value-added resources holds great potential for reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and promoting economic circulation.Cyanophycin granule polypeptide(CGP),a recently discovered high value-added biopolymer present in activated sludge,has provided new avenues for the recovery of resources.However,the mechanisms that regulate CGP synthesis and the characteristics of this biopolymer in activated sludge remain unclear thus far.This study investigated the synthesis of CGP,polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA),and alginate-like exopolysaccharides(ALE)in various microbial aggregates under different carbon sources feeding conditions.Our results showed that the CGP yields was superior that of PHA and ALE when subjected to identical carbon source feeding conditions.Furthermore,biofilm was more conducive to CGP accumulation than floc sludge.Compared with glucose and methanol,sodium acetate significantly enriched the CGP synthetase-encoding gene(cphAabundance=~17419),resulting in the highest CGP yield(average 107.1 mg/g MLSS)in both biofilm and floc sludge.This study is the first to reported the characteristic fluorescence of CGP(Ex/Em=~360/450 nm)caused by the aggregated luminescence of arginine on the side chains.Overall,this study highlights the potential application of CGP as a fluorescent material and offers insights into CGP recovery from activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22378247,22308283International Joint Research Center for Biomass Chemistry and Materials,Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base,Grant/Award Number:2018GHJD-19+1 种基金Shaanxi Qin Chuangyuan Project of“Scientist+Engineer”team construction,Grant/Award Number:2022KXJ-135Shaanxi Qin Chuangyuan Project of Quoting high-level innovative and entrepreneurial talent projects,Grant/Award Number:QCYRCXM-2022-135。
文摘Ionic conductive hydrogels(ICHs)prepared from natural bioresources are promising candidates for constructing flexible electronics for both commercialization and environmental sustainability due to their intrinsic characteristics.However,simultaneous realization of high stiffness,toughness,conductivity,and multifunctionality while ensuring processing simplicity is extremely challenging.Here,a poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)-macromolecule functionalization strategy within a NaOH/urea system is proposed to construct high-performance and versatile polysaccharide-based ICHs(e.g.,cellulosic ICHs).In this strategy,the elaborately designed“soft”(PIL chains)and“hard”(cellulose backbone)structures as well as the dynamic covalent and noncovalent bonds of the cross-linked networks endow the hydrogel with high mechanical strength(9.46±0.23 MPa compressive modulus),exceptional stretchability(214.3%),and toughness(3.64±0.12 MJ m^(−3)).Ingeniously,due to the inherent conductivity,design flexibility,and functional compatibility of the PILs,the hydrogels exhibit high conductivity(6.54±0.17 mS cm^(−1)),self-healing ability(94.5%±2.0%efficiency),antibacterial properties,freezing resistance,water retention,and recyclability.Interestingly,this strategy is extended to fabricate diverse hydrogels from various polysaccharides,including agar,alginate,hyaluronic acid,and guar gum.In addition,multimodal sensing(strain,temperature,and humidity)is realized based on the stimulus-responsive characteristics of the hydrogels.This strategy opens new perspectives for the design of biomass-based hydrogels and beyond.
