Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability...Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability profoundly affect catches of oceanic fish species.Based on the fishery data from the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations and multiple physical and biogeochemical datasets,we examined the correlation between major modes of climate variability at high and low frequency and multiple key fish species in five major fishing grounds worldwide.The results reveal that over 80%of selected key fish species have declined over the past five decades,with more than 50%transitioning from an increasing to a decreasing trend in the 1990 s.Additionally,over 80%of fish species directly correlate with low-frequency climate indices,including Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation(AMO)and tropical southern Atlantic(TSA).However,less than 40%of fish species exhibit a direct association with high-frequency climate indices of El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO),North Atlantic Ocean(NAO),and Atlantic Niño(ATL 3).Synthetic analysis on the Sea Surface Temperature(SST),Mixed Layer Depth(MLD)and chlorophyll a revealed that shifts in the low-frequency climate can directly affect the habitats of numerous fish species,and subsequently influence their fishing yields.Specially,negative SST anomalies and positive chlorophyll-a anomalies were observed during a positive phase of PDO in the central and western Pacific regions,resulting in an increased catch values of Alaska pollock,Pacific sardine,and Chilean jack mackerel.Similar changes occur in positive and negative phases of other low frequency indices.Our research offered a comprehensive perspective on oceanic fish catch responses to climate change,serving as a guide for formulating effective management strategies for marine fish resources.展开更多
Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A mul...Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023 YFF 0805500)the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(No.SML 2023 SP 219)supported by the High Performance Computing Division and HPC managers of Wei ZHOU and Dandan SUI in the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology。
文摘Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability profoundly affect catches of oceanic fish species.Based on the fishery data from the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations and multiple physical and biogeochemical datasets,we examined the correlation between major modes of climate variability at high and low frequency and multiple key fish species in five major fishing grounds worldwide.The results reveal that over 80%of selected key fish species have declined over the past five decades,with more than 50%transitioning from an increasing to a decreasing trend in the 1990 s.Additionally,over 80%of fish species directly correlate with low-frequency climate indices,including Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation(AMO)and tropical southern Atlantic(TSA).However,less than 40%of fish species exhibit a direct association with high-frequency climate indices of El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO),North Atlantic Ocean(NAO),and Atlantic Niño(ATL 3).Synthetic analysis on the Sea Surface Temperature(SST),Mixed Layer Depth(MLD)and chlorophyll a revealed that shifts in the low-frequency climate can directly affect the habitats of numerous fish species,and subsequently influence their fishing yields.Specially,negative SST anomalies and positive chlorophyll-a anomalies were observed during a positive phase of PDO in the central and western Pacific regions,resulting in an increased catch values of Alaska pollock,Pacific sardine,and Chilean jack mackerel.Similar changes occur in positive and negative phases of other low frequency indices.Our research offered a comprehensive perspective on oceanic fish catch responses to climate change,serving as a guide for formulating effective management strategies for marine fish resources.
文摘Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.
