The robotic airship is one of the most unique and promising green aircraft,however,as a“lighter-than-air aircraft”and“thermal aircraft”,its long-endurance flight has great difficulties in decreasing drag and contr...The robotic airship is one of the most unique and promising green aircraft,however,as a“lighter-than-air aircraft”and“thermal aircraft”,its long-endurance flight has great difficulties in decreasing drag and controlling buoyancy and pressure under thermal effects.In this work,we reported a robotic airship inspired by the Physalia physalis,imitating its morphology,physiological structure,and biological behaviors.The hull is designed by imitating the morphology of the Physalia physalis,and the gasbags including a helium balloon,two ballonets,and a thermoregulation gasbag are designed by imitating the physiological structure and biological behaviors of the pneumatophore,bladder,and gland of the Physalia physalis,respectively.Experimental results show that the bionic airship has an increase of about 40%in lift-to-drag and decreases the pressure in helium balloon by 47.5%under thermal effects,and has better aerodynamic performances and thermoregulation performances than conventional airships.展开更多
This investigation and morphology analysis of porous structure of some kinds of natural materials such as chicken eggshell, partridge eggshell, pig bone, and seeds of mung bean, soja, ginkgo, lotus seed, as well as th...This investigation and morphology analysis of porous structure of some kinds of natural materials such as chicken eggshell, partridge eggshell, pig bone, and seeds of mung bean, soja, ginkgo, lotus seed, as well as the epidermis of apples, with SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope) showed that natural structures’ pores can be classified into uniform pores, gradient pores and multi pores from the viewpoint of the distribution variation of pore density, size and geometry. Furthermore, an optimal design of porous bearings was for the first time developed based on the gradient configuration of natural materials. The bionic design of porous structures is predicted to be widely developed and applied in the fields of materials and mechanical engineering in the future.展开更多
A structural bionic design process is systematically presented for lightweight mechanical structures. By mimicking biological excellent structural principles, the stiffening ribs of a machining table and a moving colu...A structural bionic design process is systematically presented for lightweight mechanical structures. By mimicking biological excellent structural principles, the stiffening ribs of a machining table and a moving column were redesigned for better load-bearing efficiency. Finite element method（FEM） simulation and model experiments were carried out for performance verification, which showed the increase of structural static and dynamic performance. Structural bionic offers a new solution to change conventional structures for high specific stiffness.展开更多
This study explores the impact of bionic design features on the emotional resonance and ecological identity of residents in the optimization of rural human settlement environments,by employing quantitative analysis ba...This study explores the impact of bionic design features on the emotional resonance and ecological identity of residents in the optimization of rural human settlement environments,by employing quantitative analysis based on a fuzzy semantic computing model.An examination of three bionic design features-morphological differences,material integration,and functional interaction-showed that these features significantly influence the emotional resonance and ecological identity of residents.While fulfiling aesthetic and functional needs,morphological differences and material integration foster emotional connections between residents and their environment,thereby enhancing ecological identity.Functional interactivity plays a key role in promoting social interactions and improving the overall living experience.The effects of these design features on emotional resonance and ecological identity were quantified using fuzzy semantic computing,with the results further verifying their effectiveness.Fuzzy semantic computing offers a novel perspective and methodology for the quantitative evaluation of complex design features.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of rural human settlements in the future,and offers valuable insights for both academic research and practical applications in related fields.展开更多
The wrist unit is crucial in humanoid robots,determining their operational dexterity and precision.To address current challenges such as excessive size,limited Degrees of Freedom(DoFs),and insufficient load capacity,w...The wrist unit is crucial in humanoid robots,determining their operational dexterity and precision.To address current challenges such as excessive size,limited Degrees of Freedom(DoFs),and insufficient load capacity,we propose a 3-DoF humanoid wrist inspired by the human forearm and wrist anatomy.This paper explores the principles of wrist bionic design and introduces a parallel mechanism actuated by a brushless DC motor(BLDC)-ball screw to achieve flexion/extension(F/E)and radial flexion/ulnar deviation(R/U),as along with pronation/supination(P/S)through an end-coupling design.We conducted an analysis on the inverse kinematic model and singularities of the humanoid wrist.Additionally,the workspace and motion capabilities of the humanoid wrist were evaluated.A prototype based on this design was built to demonstrate its motion and functional performance,verifying the feasibility and practicality of the humanoid wrist.This research provides a more compact design approach for future humanoid wrist development.展开更多
Wall-climbing robots can stably ascend vertical walls and even ceilings,making them suitable for specialized tasks in high-risk,confined,and harsh conditions.Therefore,they have excellent application prospects and sub...Wall-climbing robots can stably ascend vertical walls and even ceilings,making them suitable for specialized tasks in high-risk,confined,and harsh conditions.Therefore,they have excellent application prospects and substantial market demand.However,several challenges remain,including limited load-carrying capacity,short operational duration,a high risk of detachment,and the lack of standardized physical and control interfaces for carrying auxiliary equipment to complete missions.This study analyzes the macro and micro structures and movement mechanisms of typical organisms in terms of negative pressure adsorption,hook-and-claw adhesion,dry adhesion,and wet adhesion.The exploration of biological wall-climbing mechanisms is integrated with the adhesion techniques used in practical wall-climbing robots.Additionally,the mechanisms,properties,and typical wall-climbing robots associated with adhesion technologies were investigated,including negative pressure adsorption,hook-and-claw adhesion,bionic dry adhesion,bionic wet adhesion,electrostatic adhesion,and magnetic adhesion.Furthermore,the typical gaits of quadruped and hexapod robots are analyzed,and bionic control techniques such as central pattern generators,neural networks,and compliant control are applied.Finally,the future development trends of wall-climbing robots will be examined from multiple perspectives,including the diversification of bionic mechanisms,the advancement of mechanical structure intelligence,and the implementation of intelligent adaptive control.Moreover,this paper establishes a solid foundation for the innovative design of bionic wall-climbing robots and provides valuable guidance for future advancements.展开更多
In engineering,the demand for high energy absorption by structures subjected to impact loads is increasing.Balancing the limited space,manufacturing feasibility,and energy absorption capabilities is a key point in the...In engineering,the demand for high energy absorption by structures subjected to impact loads is increasing.Balancing the limited space,manufacturing feasibility,and energy absorption capabilities is a key point in the design of many enclosed structures with energy absorption requirements.To achieve a lightweight design and controllable energy absorption by the structures,within a limited space,this study proposes a bio-inspired double-layer impact-resistant structure that can be manufactured by an additive manufacturing method(powder bed fusion),inspired by the microstructure of a woodpecker’s head.The structure is composed of two basic structural units:a quasi-circular ring and an oblique cylinder.The controllable energy absorption capabilities of the structure were studied through a combination of theoretical analyses,numerical simulations,and physical experiments.The results showed that,for the quasi-circular ring structure,the specific energy absorption range of 13-72 J/g could be effectively regulated by adjusting the structural parameters.The specific energy absorption range of 11-137 J/g could be effectively regulated for oblique cylindrical structures.Finally,the structure was applied to the design of engineering impact-resistant devices,proving the effectiveness of the controllable energy absorption of the structure.Moreover,the design process of the structure was optimized,laying a foundation for the structure to better serve engineering design applications.展开更多
Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species....Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species.A flapping-wing aircraft with a simple structure was designed,and its two-wing design was optimized.The research focused on several key areas:the design and optimization of the wings,the development of the transmission mechanism,hardware design and fabrication,and 3D printing for component manufacturing.This resulted in the bionic replication of the wing shape and structure of the Tiger Papilio butterfly.The final bionic butterfly features a wingspan of 29.5 cm and a total weight of 13.8 g.This project integrates mechatronic principles and provides a valuable reference for advancements in the field of bionic butterflies.Future research could explore the aerodynamic characteristics of wings and innovative design approaches in greater depth.展开更多
Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped robots.Among various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadr...Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped robots.Among various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large payloads.As the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight design.Inspired by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an LLU.We propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston rod.In addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the LLU.The mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah muscle.The mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.展开更多
High-speed machine tool working table restrains the machining accuracy and machining efficiency,so lightweight design of the table is an important issue.In nature,leaf has developed a plate structure that maximizes th...High-speed machine tool working table restrains the machining accuracy and machining efficiency,so lightweight design of the table is an important issue.In nature,leaf has developed a plate structure that maximizes the surface-to-volume ratio.It can be seen as a plate structure stiffened by veins.Compared with a high-speed machine tool working table,leaf veins play a role of supporting part which is similar to that of stiffening ribs,and they can provide some new design ideas for lightweight design of the table.In this paper,distribution rules of leaf veins were investigated,and a structural bionic design for the table was achieved based on regulation of leaf veins.First,statistical analysis on geometric structure of leaf veins was carried out,and four distribution rules were obtained.Then,relevant mechanical models were developed and analyzed in finite element software.Based on the results from mechanical analysis on those relevant models,the four distribution rules were translated into the design rules and a structural bionic design for the working table was achieved.Both simulation and experimental verifications were carried out,and results showed that the average displacement of the working table was reduced by about 33.9%.展开更多
The maize mixture feeding with a large mass cannot be migrated backward rapidly along the planar reciprocating vibrating screen,and it is easy to accumulate in the front of the screen,which leads to the decrease of sc...The maize mixture feeding with a large mass cannot be migrated backward rapidly along the planar reciprocating vibrating screen,and it is easy to accumulate in the front of the screen,which leads to the decrease of screening efficiency.Based on the reverse engineering technology,using the wavy geometry formed during the earthworm(Pheretima guillelmi)moving as a bionic prototype,a bionic screen was designed to make the maize mixture migrate backward rapidly in the front of the screen.The contour curve of earthworm’s head in an axial contracted state was extracted and fitted to obtain its equation.Based on the difference of concave position of the lower surface’s wavy geometry during the earthworm moving,the motion of the bionic screen was divided into four postures,and the conversion between different postures of the bionic screen was realized by the cam drive mechanism.The kinematics simulation of the bionic screen was carried out through ADAMS,and the displacement and velocity of the bionic screen were analyzed.When the feeding mass of the maize mixture was set at 5 kg/s,6 kg/s and 7 kg/s,the test results showed that the time of the maize mixture migrated(TOMMM)in the front of the bionic screen was shortened by 0.18 s,0.71 s,and 1.36 s,respectively,compared with that of planar reciprocating vibrating screen.The total screening time(TST)of the bionic screen was shortened by 1.28 s,1.33 s,and 1.53 s,respectively.The ability of the maize mixture to be migrated backward was improved.This study can provide a reference for the innovative design of the cleaning screen.展开更多
The mechanisms of soil structure interaction have drawn much attention in the past years in the installation and operation of jack-up platform. A bionic spudcan produced by biomimetic of egg and snail shell is propose...The mechanisms of soil structure interaction have drawn much attention in the past years in the installation and operation of jack-up platform. A bionic spudcan produced by biomimetic of egg and snail shell is proposed, and the performance of the penetration and extraction are analyzed by numerical method. The geometric contour of egg and snail shell is measured, and its mathematical model is established respectively. According to the structure of existing spudcan of jack-up platform, three kinds of typical biomimetic spudcan are designed. Furthermore, numerical analysis models of biomimetic spudcan are established respectively to study the soil structure interaction mechanism in the process of penetration and extraction, and contrastive analysis of resistance characteristics are carried out. To conclude, the results show that the biomimetic spudcan facilitates the platform installation, and it is also beneficial to the improvement of the bearing capacity of spudcan.展开更多
A variety of prosthetic ankles have been successfully developed to reproduce the locomotor ability for lower limb amputees in daily lives. However, they have not been shown to sufficiently improve the natural gait mec...A variety of prosthetic ankles have been successfully developed to reproduce the locomotor ability for lower limb amputees in daily lives. However, they have not been shown to sufficiently improve the natural gait mechanics commonly observed in comparison to the able-bodied, perhaps due to over-simplified designs of functional musculoskeletal structures in prostheses. In this study, a flexible bionic ankle prosthesis with joints covered by soft material inclusions is developed on the basis of the human musculoskeletal system. First, the healthy side ankle–foot bones of a below-knee amputee were reconstructed by CT imaging. Three types of polyurethane rubber material configurations were then designed to mimic the soft tissues around the human ankle, providing stability and flexibility. Finite element simulations were conducted to determine the proper design of the rubber materials, evaluate the ankle stiffness under different external conditions, and calculate the rotation axes of the ankle during walking. The results showed that the bionic ankle had variable stiffness properties and could adapt to various road surfaces. It also had rotation axes similar to that of the human ankle, thus restoring the function of the talocrural and subtalar joints. The inclination and deviation angles of the talocrural axis, 86.2° and 75.1°, respectively, as well as the angles of the subtalar axis, 40.1° and 29.9°, were consistent with the literature. Finally, dynamic characteristics were investigated by gait measurements on the same subject, and the flexible bionic ankle prosthesis demonstrated natural gait mechanics during walking in terms of ankle angles and moments.展开更多
By imitating the body structure and movement mode of the crab in nature,a novel stick–slip piezo-driven positioning platform was proposed by employing the bionic flexible hinge mechanism with a symmetrical structure ...By imitating the body structure and movement mode of the crab in nature,a novel stick–slip piezo-driven positioning platform was proposed by employing the bionic flexible hinge mechanism with a symmetrical structure and two piezoelectric stacks.The structural design and bionic motion principle were discussed,followed by analyzing the feasibility,safety,and output magnification ratio of the bionic flexible hinge mechanism via the stiffness matrix method and finite element simulation.To investigate the output performances of the positioning platform,a prototype was fabricated and an experiment system was established.Stepping characteristics of the positioning platform under various driving voltages were characterized,and the results indicated that the positioning platform could move steadily under various driving voltages.Within 1 s,the differences between the forward and reverse output displacement were less than 3%under different driving frequencies,proving the high bidirectional motion symmetry.The maximum driving speed of 5.44 mm/s was obtained under the driving voltage of 120 V and driving frequency of 5 Hz.In addition,the carrying load capacity of the positioning platform was tested by standard weights,and the results showed that when the carrying load reached 10 N,the driving speed could still reach 60μm/s.展开更多
Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in...Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.展开更多
Hammer mill is widely used in the feed processing industry.During its operation,the material is thrown against the inner wall of the sieve after being broken by the hammer.Limited by the annular structure sieve,the gr...Hammer mill is widely used in the feed processing industry.During its operation,the material is thrown against the inner wall of the sieve after being broken by the hammer.Limited by the annular structure sieve,the grinded material tends to produce a"air-material circulation layer"on the inner wall of the sieve,leading to problems such as low grinding efficiency and high grinding energy consumption.Considering the disruptive characteristics of the special profile structure of a pigeon's wing on the airflow field,we extract the geometric characteristics of the coupling element and optimize the related structural parameters.Based on the principles of bionics,a new wing sieve is then designed,and its efficient grinding mechanism is studied.Compared to the commercial sieve,the experimental results indicate the bio-inspired sieve can significantly improve the material productivity and grinding quality.展开更多
The diverse non-smooth body surfaces to reduce soil adhesion are the evolutional results for the soil animals to fit the adhesive and wet environment and can be used as a biological basis for the design of bionic plow...The diverse non-smooth body surfaces to reduce soil adhesion are the evolutional results for the soil animals to fit the adhesive and wet environment and can be used as a biological basis for the design of bionic plow moldboard. The model surfaces for bionic simulation should be taken from soil animal digging organs, on which the soil motion is similar to what is on the surface of moldboard. By analyzing the distribution of non-smooth units on the body surface of the ground beetle jaw and the soil moving stresses, the design principles of the bionic moldboard for the local and the whole moldboard were presented respectively. As well, the effect of soil moving speed on reducing adhesion, the dimensions relationship between soil particles and non-smooth convexes, the relationship between the enveloping surface of non-smooth convexes and the initial smooth surface of the plow body, and the convex types of the sphere coronal and the pangolin scales,etc.were discussed.展开更多
The lightweight and high efficiency of natural structures are the inexhaustible sources for engineering improvements. The goal of the study is to find innovative solutions for mechanical lightweight design through the...The lightweight and high efficiency of natural structures are the inexhaustible sources for engineering improvements. The goal of the study is to find innovative solutions for mechanical lightweight design through the application of structural bionic approaches. Giant waterlily leaf ribs and cactus stem are investigated for their optimal framework and superior performance. Their structural characteristics are extracted and used in the bio-inspired design of Lin MC6000 gantry machining center crossbeam. By mimicking analogous network structure, the bionic model is established, which has better load-carrying capacity than conventional distribution. Finite Element Method （FEM） is used for numerical simulation. Results show better specific stiffness of the bionic model, which is increased by 17.36%. Finally the scaled models are fabricated by precision casting for static and dynamic tests. The physical experiments are compared to numerical simulation. The results show that the maximum static deformation of the bionic model is reduced by about 16.22%, with 3.31% weight reduction. In addition, the first four natural frequencies are improved obviously. The structural bionic design is a valuable reference for updating conventional mechanical structures with better performance and less material consumption.展开更多
A concept of Specific Structure Efficiency (SSE) was proposed that can be used in the lightweight effect evaluation ofstructures.The main procedures of bionic structure design were introduced systematically.The parame...A concept of Specific Structure Efficiency (SSE) was proposed that can be used in the lightweight effect evaluation ofstructures.The main procedures of bionic structure design were introduced systematically.The parameter relationship betweenhollow stem of plant and the minimum weight was deduced in detail.In order to improve SSE of pylons, the structural characteristicsof hollow stem were investigated and extracted.Bionic pylon was designed based on analogous biological structuralcharacteristics.Using finite element method based simulation, the displacements and stresses in the bionic pylon were comparedwith those of the conventional pylon.Results show that the SSE of bionic pylon is improved obviously.Static, dynamic andelectromagnetism tests were carried out on conventional and bionic pylons.The weight, stress, displacement and Radar CrossSection (RCS) of both pylons were measured.Experimental results illustrate that the SSE of bionic pylon is markedly improvedthat specific strength efficiency and specific stiffness efficiency of bionic pylon are increased by 52.9% and 43.6% respectively.The RCS of bionic pylon is reduced significantly.展开更多
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2017ZA88001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11502288)and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(47661).
文摘The robotic airship is one of the most unique and promising green aircraft,however,as a“lighter-than-air aircraft”and“thermal aircraft”,its long-endurance flight has great difficulties in decreasing drag and controlling buoyancy and pressure under thermal effects.In this work,we reported a robotic airship inspired by the Physalia physalis,imitating its morphology,physiological structure,and biological behaviors.The hull is designed by imitating the morphology of the Physalia physalis,and the gasbags including a helium balloon,two ballonets,and a thermoregulation gasbag are designed by imitating the physiological structure and biological behaviors of the pneumatophore,bladder,and gland of the Physalia physalis,respectively.Experimental results show that the bionic airship has an increase of about 40%in lift-to-drag and decreases the pressure in helium balloon by 47.5%under thermal effects,and has better aerodynamic performances and thermoregulation performances than conventional airships.
文摘This investigation and morphology analysis of porous structure of some kinds of natural materials such as chicken eggshell, partridge eggshell, pig bone, and seeds of mung bean, soja, ginkgo, lotus seed, as well as the epidermis of apples, with SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope) showed that natural structures’ pores can be classified into uniform pores, gradient pores and multi pores from the viewpoint of the distribution variation of pore density, size and geometry. Furthermore, an optimal design of porous bearings was for the first time developed based on the gradient configuration of natural materials. The bionic design of porous structures is predicted to be widely developed and applied in the fields of materials and mechanical engineering in the future.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China (50975012)Scientific Research Foundation for the Outstanding Young Scientist of Shandong Province(2008BS05007)Student Innovation Foundation of Liaocheng University (#SRT10172QC2)
文摘A structural bionic design process is systematically presented for lightweight mechanical structures. By mimicking biological excellent structural principles, the stiffening ribs of a machining table and a moving column were redesigned for better load-bearing efficiency. Finite element method（FEM） simulation and model experiments were carried out for performance verification, which showed the increase of structural static and dynamic performance. Structural bionic offers a new solution to change conventional structures for high specific stiffness.
文摘This study explores the impact of bionic design features on the emotional resonance and ecological identity of residents in the optimization of rural human settlement environments,by employing quantitative analysis based on a fuzzy semantic computing model.An examination of three bionic design features-morphological differences,material integration,and functional interaction-showed that these features significantly influence the emotional resonance and ecological identity of residents.While fulfiling aesthetic and functional needs,morphological differences and material integration foster emotional connections between residents and their environment,thereby enhancing ecological identity.Functional interactivity plays a key role in promoting social interactions and improving the overall living experience.The effects of these design features on emotional resonance and ecological identity were quantified using fuzzy semantic computing,with the results further verifying their effectiveness.Fuzzy semantic computing offers a novel perspective and methodology for the quantitative evaluation of complex design features.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of rural human settlements in the future,and offers valuable insights for both academic research and practical applications in related fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.52175069 and NO.52305043).
文摘The wrist unit is crucial in humanoid robots,determining their operational dexterity and precision.To address current challenges such as excessive size,limited Degrees of Freedom(DoFs),and insufficient load capacity,we propose a 3-DoF humanoid wrist inspired by the human forearm and wrist anatomy.This paper explores the principles of wrist bionic design and introduces a parallel mechanism actuated by a brushless DC motor(BLDC)-ball screw to achieve flexion/extension(F/E)and radial flexion/ulnar deviation(R/U),as along with pronation/supination(P/S)through an end-coupling design.We conducted an analysis on the inverse kinematic model and singularities of the humanoid wrist.Additionally,the workspace and motion capabilities of the humanoid wrist were evaluated.A prototype based on this design was built to demonstrate its motion and functional performance,verifying the feasibility and practicality of the humanoid wrist.This research provides a more compact design approach for future humanoid wrist development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52405317)the Special Funds for Science and Technology Programs in Jiangsu Province(BZ2024021)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20241407)the Talent Startup Funding of Chaohu University(KYQD-2023035)the Natural Science Research Projects of Chaohu University(XLZ-202205,XLZ202301)the Horizontal Projects of School-Enterprise Cooperation(No.hxkt20230267).
文摘Wall-climbing robots can stably ascend vertical walls and even ceilings,making them suitable for specialized tasks in high-risk,confined,and harsh conditions.Therefore,they have excellent application prospects and substantial market demand.However,several challenges remain,including limited load-carrying capacity,short operational duration,a high risk of detachment,and the lack of standardized physical and control interfaces for carrying auxiliary equipment to complete missions.This study analyzes the macro and micro structures and movement mechanisms of typical organisms in terms of negative pressure adsorption,hook-and-claw adhesion,dry adhesion,and wet adhesion.The exploration of biological wall-climbing mechanisms is integrated with the adhesion techniques used in practical wall-climbing robots.Additionally,the mechanisms,properties,and typical wall-climbing robots associated with adhesion technologies were investigated,including negative pressure adsorption,hook-and-claw adhesion,bionic dry adhesion,bionic wet adhesion,electrostatic adhesion,and magnetic adhesion.Furthermore,the typical gaits of quadruped and hexapod robots are analyzed,and bionic control techniques such as central pattern generators,neural networks,and compliant control are applied.Finally,the future development trends of wall-climbing robots will be examined from multiple perspectives,including the diversification of bionic mechanisms,the advancement of mechanical structure intelligence,and the implementation of intelligent adaptive control.Moreover,this paper establishes a solid foundation for the innovative design of bionic wall-climbing robots and provides valuable guidance for future advancements.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4600500)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Program for Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2023-CX-TD-17).
文摘In engineering,the demand for high energy absorption by structures subjected to impact loads is increasing.Balancing the limited space,manufacturing feasibility,and energy absorption capabilities is a key point in the design of many enclosed structures with energy absorption requirements.To achieve a lightweight design and controllable energy absorption by the structures,within a limited space,this study proposes a bio-inspired double-layer impact-resistant structure that can be manufactured by an additive manufacturing method(powder bed fusion),inspired by the microstructure of a woodpecker’s head.The structure is composed of two basic structural units:a quasi-circular ring and an oblique cylinder.The controllable energy absorption capabilities of the structure were studied through a combination of theoretical analyses,numerical simulations,and physical experiments.The results showed that,for the quasi-circular ring structure,the specific energy absorption range of 13-72 J/g could be effectively regulated by adjusting the structural parameters.The specific energy absorption range of 11-137 J/g could be effectively regulated for oblique cylindrical structures.Finally,the structure was applied to the design of engineering impact-resistant devices,proving the effectiveness of the controllable energy absorption of the structure.Moreover,the design process of the structure was optimized,laying a foundation for the structure to better serve engineering design applications.
基金2023 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project of Hunan College Students:Tiger Butterfly—Bionic Manufacturing and Morphology Research(Project No.S202313809022)Key Project of Education Reform of Hunan Provincial Department of Education:Research on Disciplinary Integration Education Model under Intelligence+Empowerment—A Case Study of Robotics and Logistics Management Majors(Project No.HNJG-20231561)。
文摘Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species.A flapping-wing aircraft with a simple structure was designed,and its two-wing design was optimized.The research focused on several key areas:the design and optimization of the wings,the development of the transmission mechanism,hardware design and fabrication,and 3D printing for component manufacturing.This resulted in the bionic replication of the wing shape and structure of the Tiger Papilio butterfly.The final bionic butterfly features a wingspan of 29.5 cm and a total weight of 13.8 g.This project integrates mechatronic principles and provides a valuable reference for advancements in the field of bionic butterflies.Future research could explore the aerodynamic characteristics of wings and innovative design approaches in greater depth.
基金The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20124 and 52205059)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2022C01039)。
文摘Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped robots.Among various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large payloads.As the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight design.Inspired by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an LLU.We propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston rod.In addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the LLU.The mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah muscle.The mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50975012)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20091102110022)
文摘High-speed machine tool working table restrains the machining accuracy and machining efficiency,so lightweight design of the table is an important issue.In nature,leaf has developed a plate structure that maximizes the surface-to-volume ratio.It can be seen as a plate structure stiffened by veins.Compared with a high-speed machine tool working table,leaf veins play a role of supporting part which is similar to that of stiffening ribs,and they can provide some new design ideas for lightweight design of the table.In this paper,distribution rules of leaf veins were investigated,and a structural bionic design for the table was achieved based on regulation of leaf veins.First,statistical analysis on geometric structure of leaf veins was carried out,and four distribution rules were obtained.Then,relevant mechanical models were developed and analyzed in finite element software.Based on the results from mechanical analysis on those relevant models,the four distribution rules were translated into the design rules and a structural bionic design for the working table was achieved.Both simulation and experimental verifications were carried out,and results showed that the average displacement of the working table was reduced by about 33.9%.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52075091,51475090)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.E2017004).
文摘The maize mixture feeding with a large mass cannot be migrated backward rapidly along the planar reciprocating vibrating screen,and it is easy to accumulate in the front of the screen,which leads to the decrease of screening efficiency.Based on the reverse engineering technology,using the wavy geometry formed during the earthworm(Pheretima guillelmi)moving as a bionic prototype,a bionic screen was designed to make the maize mixture migrate backward rapidly in the front of the screen.The contour curve of earthworm’s head in an axial contracted state was extracted and fitted to obtain its equation.Based on the difference of concave position of the lower surface’s wavy geometry during the earthworm moving,the motion of the bionic screen was divided into four postures,and the conversion between different postures of the bionic screen was realized by the cam drive mechanism.The kinematics simulation of the bionic screen was carried out through ADAMS,and the displacement and velocity of the bionic screen were analyzed.When the feeding mass of the maize mixture was set at 5 kg/s,6 kg/s and 7 kg/s,the test results showed that the time of the maize mixture migrated(TOMMM)in the front of the bionic screen was shortened by 0.18 s,0.71 s,and 1.36 s,respectively,compared with that of planar reciprocating vibrating screen.The total screening time(TST)of the bionic screen was shortened by 1.28 s,1.33 s,and 1.53 s,respectively.The ability of the maize mixture to be migrated backward was improved.This study can provide a reference for the innovative design of the cleaning screen.
基金financially supported by the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX18_2311)
文摘The mechanisms of soil structure interaction have drawn much attention in the past years in the installation and operation of jack-up platform. A bionic spudcan produced by biomimetic of egg and snail shell is proposed, and the performance of the penetration and extraction are analyzed by numerical method. The geometric contour of egg and snail shell is measured, and its mathematical model is established respectively. According to the structure of existing spudcan of jack-up platform, three kinds of typical biomimetic spudcan are designed. Furthermore, numerical analysis models of biomimetic spudcan are established respectively to study the soil structure interaction mechanism in the process of penetration and extraction, and contrastive analysis of resistance characteristics are carried out. To conclude, the results show that the biomimetic spudcan facilitates the platform installation, and it is also beneficial to the improvement of the bearing capacity of spudcan.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC2001300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52005209,91948302,No.91848204,No.52021003)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20210101053JC,No.20220508130RC).
文摘A variety of prosthetic ankles have been successfully developed to reproduce the locomotor ability for lower limb amputees in daily lives. However, they have not been shown to sufficiently improve the natural gait mechanics commonly observed in comparison to the able-bodied, perhaps due to over-simplified designs of functional musculoskeletal structures in prostheses. In this study, a flexible bionic ankle prosthesis with joints covered by soft material inclusions is developed on the basis of the human musculoskeletal system. First, the healthy side ankle–foot bones of a below-knee amputee were reconstructed by CT imaging. Three types of polyurethane rubber material configurations were then designed to mimic the soft tissues around the human ankle, providing stability and flexibility. Finite element simulations were conducted to determine the proper design of the rubber materials, evaluate the ankle stiffness under different external conditions, and calculate the rotation axes of the ankle during walking. The results showed that the bionic ankle had variable stiffness properties and could adapt to various road surfaces. It also had rotation axes similar to that of the human ankle, thus restoring the function of the talocrural and subtalar joints. The inclination and deviation angles of the talocrural axis, 86.2° and 75.1°, respectively, as well as the angles of the subtalar axis, 40.1° and 29.9°, were consistent with the literature. Finally, dynamic characteristics were investigated by gait measurements on the same subject, and the flexible bionic ankle prosthesis demonstrated natural gait mechanics during walking in terms of ankle angles and moments.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52075221)the Research Foundation of Education Department of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.JJKH20231153KJ)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019-2023).
文摘By imitating the body structure and movement mode of the crab in nature,a novel stick–slip piezo-driven positioning platform was proposed by employing the bionic flexible hinge mechanism with a symmetrical structure and two piezoelectric stacks.The structural design and bionic motion principle were discussed,followed by analyzing the feasibility,safety,and output magnification ratio of the bionic flexible hinge mechanism via the stiffness matrix method and finite element simulation.To investigate the output performances of the positioning platform,a prototype was fabricated and an experiment system was established.Stepping characteristics of the positioning platform under various driving voltages were characterized,and the results indicated that the positioning platform could move steadily under various driving voltages.Within 1 s,the differences between the forward and reverse output displacement were less than 3%under different driving frequencies,proving the high bidirectional motion symmetry.The maximum driving speed of 5.44 mm/s was obtained under the driving voltage of 120 V and driving frequency of 5 Hz.In addition,the carrying load capacity of the positioning platform was tested by standard weights,and the results showed that when the carrying load reached 10 N,the driving speed could still reach 60μm/s.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the Jilin Provincial Scientific and Technological Department(20220201123GX).
文摘Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2682021ZTPY067)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant NO:2021YFG0194).
文摘Hammer mill is widely used in the feed processing industry.During its operation,the material is thrown against the inner wall of the sieve after being broken by the hammer.Limited by the annular structure sieve,the grinded material tends to produce a"air-material circulation layer"on the inner wall of the sieve,leading to problems such as low grinding efficiency and high grinding energy consumption.Considering the disruptive characteristics of the special profile structure of a pigeon's wing on the airflow field,we extract the geometric characteristics of the coupling element and optimize the related structural parameters.Based on the principles of bionics,a new wing sieve is then designed,and its efficient grinding mechanism is studied.Compared to the commercial sieve,the experimental results indicate the bio-inspired sieve can significantly improve the material productivity and grinding quality.
文摘The diverse non-smooth body surfaces to reduce soil adhesion are the evolutional results for the soil animals to fit the adhesive and wet environment and can be used as a biological basis for the design of bionic plow moldboard. The model surfaces for bionic simulation should be taken from soil animal digging organs, on which the soil motion is similar to what is on the surface of moldboard. By analyzing the distribution of non-smooth units on the body surface of the ground beetle jaw and the soil moving stresses, the design principles of the bionic moldboard for the local and the whole moldboard were presented respectively. As well, the effect of soil moving speed on reducing adhesion, the dimensions relationship between soil particles and non-smooth convexes, the relationship between the enveloping surface of non-smooth convexes and the initial smooth surface of the plow body, and the convex types of the sphere coronal and the pangolin scales,etc.were discussed.
基金Acknowledgements The research was sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of China （50975012）, and the Scientific Research Foundation for the Outstanding Young Scientist of Shandong Province （2008BS05007）.
文摘The lightweight and high efficiency of natural structures are the inexhaustible sources for engineering improvements. The goal of the study is to find innovative solutions for mechanical lightweight design through the application of structural bionic approaches. Giant waterlily leaf ribs and cactus stem are investigated for their optimal framework and superior performance. Their structural characteristics are extracted and used in the bio-inspired design of Lin MC6000 gantry machining center crossbeam. By mimicking analogous network structure, the bionic model is established, which has better load-carrying capacity than conventional distribution. Finite Element Method （FEM） is used for numerical simulation. Results show better specific stiffness of the bionic model, which is increased by 17.36%. Finally the scaled models are fabricated by precision casting for static and dynamic tests. The physical experiments are compared to numerical simulation. The results show that the maximum static deformation of the bionic model is reduced by about 16.22%, with 3.31% weight reduction. In addition, the first four natural frequencies are improved obviously. The structural bionic design is a valuable reference for updating conventional mechanical structures with better performance and less material consumption.
基金support by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50975012)
文摘A concept of Specific Structure Efficiency (SSE) was proposed that can be used in the lightweight effect evaluation ofstructures.The main procedures of bionic structure design were introduced systematically.The parameter relationship betweenhollow stem of plant and the minimum weight was deduced in detail.In order to improve SSE of pylons, the structural characteristicsof hollow stem were investigated and extracted.Bionic pylon was designed based on analogous biological structuralcharacteristics.Using finite element method based simulation, the displacements and stresses in the bionic pylon were comparedwith those of the conventional pylon.Results show that the SSE of bionic pylon is improved obviously.Static, dynamic andelectromagnetism tests were carried out on conventional and bionic pylons.The weight, stress, displacement and Radar CrossSection (RCS) of both pylons were measured.Experimental results illustrate that the SSE of bionic pylon is markedly improvedthat specific strength efficiency and specific stiffness efficiency of bionic pylon are increased by 52.9% and 43.6% respectively.The RCS of bionic pylon is reduced significantly.
