Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices....Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices.By integrating advanced genetic tools,computational modeling,and systems biology,researchers can precisely modify plant genomes to enhance traits such as yield,stress tolerance,and nutrient use efficiency.The ability to design plants with specific characteristics tailored to diverse environmental conditions and agricultural needs holds great potential to address global food security challenges.Here,we highlight recent advancements and applications of plant synthetic biology in agriculture,focusing on key areas such as photosynthetic efficiency,nitrogen fixation,drought tolerance,pathogen resistance,nutrient use efficiency,biofortification,climate resilience,microbiology engineering,synthetic plant genomes,and the integration of artificial intelligence with synthetic biology.These innovations aim to maximize resource use efficiency,reduce reliance on external inputs,and mitigate environmental impacts associated with conventional agricultural practices.Despite challenges related to regulatory approval and public acceptance,the integration of synthetic biology in agriculture holds immense promise for creating more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems,contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability.Rigorous multi-field testing of these approaches will undoubtedly be required to ensure reproducibility.展开更多
Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was dimini...Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was diminished in the bone of aged and ovariectomized(OVX)mice,as well as in the serum of osteopenia and osteoporosis patients.In vitro loss-of-function and gain-offunction studies revealed that NELL2 facilitated osteoblast differentiation and impeded adipocyte differentiation from stromal progenitor cells.In vivo studies further demonstrated that the deletion of NELL2 in preosteoblasts resulted in decreased cancellous bone mass in mice.Mechanistically,NELL2 interacted with the FNI-type domain located at the C-terminus of Fibronectin 1(Fn1).Moreover,we found that NELL2 activated the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/AKT signaling pathway through Fn1/integrinβ1(ITGB1),leading to the promotion of osteogenesis and the inhibition of adipogenesis.Notably,administration of NELL2-AAV was found to ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice.These findings underscore the significant role of NELL2 in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for managing osteoporosis.展开更多
The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic ...The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic biology and its key technologies and current status in the production of cosmetic ingredients.It also briefly analyzes the regulatory approaches to synthetic biology-based cosmetic ingredients in different countries and regions,providing guidance for the management of this field in China.The goal is to ensure product safety,enhance consumer trust,and promote the healthy development of the industry.展开更多
Walking into the Institute of Plateau Biology(IPB in short)in Lhasa,Xizang,vice director Yang Le exchanged pleasantries with the guard in fluent Tibetan.Originally from Hunan Province,he has worked and lived here in X...Walking into the Institute of Plateau Biology(IPB in short)in Lhasa,Xizang,vice director Yang Le exchanged pleasantries with the guard in fluent Tibetan.Originally from Hunan Province,he has worked and lived here in Xizang for over 20 years."Now I see Xizang as my home,"he said with a smile.展开更多
Artemisia annua,known for its malarial properties,has been central to Madagascar's agricultural economy and traditional healing cultures for centuries.As demand for artemisinin-based treatments for malaria has con...Artemisia annua,known for its malarial properties,has been central to Madagascar's agricultural economy and traditional healing cultures for centuries.As demand for artemisinin-based treatments for malaria has continued to grow globally,Madagascar has emerged as a key supplier of Artemisia annua for global pharmaceutical markets,reinforcing the plant’s national significance.This paper explores the growth and evolution of Artemisia annua cultivation in the country,focusing especially on the recent introduction of synthetic artemisinin and the subsequent cultural,economic,and environmental impacts.It examines the challenges faced by Malagasy farmers and local healers with particular focus on issues such as artemisinin resistance,commercial exploitation,and the growing tension between traditional knowledge and modern biotechnology.Ultimately,this paper explores the complexities of balancing economic development,cultural preservation,and global health needs,offering insight into the broader implications for sustainable pharmaceutical sourcing and the future of traditional medicine in an increasingly globalized world.展开更多
Bone Research is an open access,fully peer-reviewed journal publishing the foremost progress and novel understanding of all aspects of bone science.The journal highlights the breakthrough discoveries in basic and clin...Bone Research is an open access,fully peer-reviewed journal publishing the foremost progress and novel understanding of all aspects of bone science.The journal highlights the breakthrough discoveries in basic and clinical aspects of bone biology,pathophysiology and regeneration,as well as other significant findings related to bone.展开更多
Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biologi...Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.展开更多
Background:Momordica charantia L.var.abbreviata Ser.(MCA),locally known as“ampalayang ligaw”,is a wild variety of Momordica charantia L.,and a valuable medicinal plant possessing hypoglycemic activity.However,it onl...Background:Momordica charantia L.var.abbreviata Ser.(MCA),locally known as“ampalayang ligaw”,is a wild variety of Momordica charantia L.,and a valuable medicinal plant possessing hypoglycemic activity.However,it only grows in open fields and is not widely cultivated due to slow growth and low productivity.Methods:To enhance its overall plant health,a consortium of three Trichoderma spp.was inoculated into MCA.The effects on growth,floral biology,productivity,and total triterpenes were assessed to determine the efficacy of Trichoderma spp.as a sustainable and environment-friendly plant growth promoter.A consortium of three Trichoderma spp.(T.ghanense,T.pseudokoningii,and T.harzianum)mixed in equal proportions were applied as seed coat and soil drench according to previous recommendations.Results:Results show that Trichoderma-treated MCA exhibited significantly(P<0.05)greater leaf area and growth rate compared to the untreated control.Trichoderma likewise affected the floral biology of MCA with bigger flower sizes(P<0.01),earlier male flower emergence,and increased number of female flowers(P<0.05).Regarding productivity,Trichoderma significantly increased the fruit set,dry weight and length of fruits(P<0.01),number of fruits per plant,and seed germination percentage(P<0.05).An increase in shoot length was significantly correlated to a greater number of fruits hence with higher productivity.Trichoderma also significantly enhanced(22%increase)the total triterpenes in MCA leaves,probably owing to hormonal modulation of gene expression changes as previous studies have shown.The increased triterpene content suggests an enhanced pharmacological potential of Trichoderma-treated MCA for diabetes management,warranting further bioactivity studies.Conclusion:Therefore,these results reveal the efficacy of Trichoderma on MCA productivity enhancement,demonstrating the potential of Trichoderma-treated MCA to become more amenable to commercial cultivation.展开更多
Sennoside A(SA),a typical prodrug,exerts its laxative effect only after its transformation into rheinanthrone catalyzed by gut microbial hydrolases and reductases.Hydrolases have been identified,but reductases remain ...Sennoside A(SA),a typical prodrug,exerts its laxative effect only after its transformation into rheinanthrone catalyzed by gut microbial hydrolases and reductases.Hydrolases have been identified,but reductases remain unknown.By linking a photoreactive group to the SA scaffold,we synthesized a photoaffinity probe to covalently label SA reductases and identified SA reductases using activity-based protein profiling(ABPP).From lysates of an active strain,Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum(B.pseudocatenulatum),397 proteins were enriched and subsequently identified using mass spectrometry(MS).Among these proteins,chromate reductase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)phosphate(NADPH)-dependent flavin mononucleotide(FMN)reductase/oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase(nfrA)was identified as a potent SA reductase through further bioinformatic analysis and The Universal Protein Resource(UniProt)database screening.We also determined that recombinant nfrA could reduce SA.Our study contributes to further illuminating mechanisms of SA transformation to rheinanthrone and simultaneously offers an effective method to identify gut bacterial reductases.展开更多
The discovery of glycosylated RNA molecules,known as glycoRNAs,introduces a novel dimension to cellular biology.This commentary explores the transformative findings surrounding glycoRNAs,emphasizing their unique roles...The discovery of glycosylated RNA molecules,known as glycoRNAs,introduces a novel dimension to cellular biology.This commentary explores the transformative findings surrounding glycoRNAs,emphasizing their unique roles in cancer progression and the therapeutic opportunities they present.GlycoRNAs,through interactions with lectins and immune receptors,may contribute to tumor immune evasion.Moreover,the therapeutic potential of this emerging knowledge includes interventions targeting glycoRNA synthesis and modulation of associated signaling pathways.By highlighting these critical insights,this commentary aims to encourage the development of innovative strategies that could improve cancer prognosis and treatment.展开更多
ABOUT THIS JOURNAL Launched in 1988,the Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics (CJCP)is devoted to reporting new and original experimental and theoretical research on interdisciplinary areas,with chemistry and physics gr...ABOUT THIS JOURNAL Launched in 1988,the Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics (CJCP)is devoted to reporting new and original experimental and theoretical research on interdisciplinary areas,with chemistry and physics groundwork of interest to researchers,faculty and students domestic and abroad in the fields of chemistry,physics,material and biological sciences and their interdisciplinary areas.As one of the 24 peer-reviewed journals under the Chinese Physical Society (CPS),CJCP has been covered in ISI products (SCIE) as well as other major indexes.CJCP is currently a bimonthly journal,and it publishes in English with Chinese abstract as of 2006.展开更多
Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical ...Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.展开更多
Researchers from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,with collaborators,identified two sorghum genes(SbSLT1 and SbSLT2)that block Striga-a parasitic plant,also k...Researchers from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,with collaborators,identified two sorghum genes(SbSLT1 and SbSLT2)that block Striga-a parasitic plant,also known as“witchweed,”that causes$1.5 billion annual losses in Africa by draining crop nutrients.Published in Cell(February 12,2025),the study shows that these genes regulate strigolactones(SLs).展开更多
One-carbon(C1)compounds,such as CO_(2),methane,and methanol,are emerging as promising feedstocks for next-generation biomanufacturing due to their abundance and low cost.In recent years,there has been growing interest...One-carbon(C1)compounds,such as CO_(2),methane,and methanol,are emerging as promising feedstocks for next-generation biomanufacturing due to their abundance and low cost.In recent years,there has been growing interest in harnessing microorganisms to convert these carbon sources into valuable natural products(NPs),which offers great potential for sustainable development.This review systematically outlines recent advancements in biocatalysts,synthetic biology,and process optimization aimed at improving the feasibility and scalability of producing C1-based NPs.Current challenges and insights into NPs biomanufacturing from C1 compounds are thoroughly examined in the areas of multi-gene editing,metabolic regulation,and synthetic microbial consortium.With ongoing progress in biosynthetic tools and fermentation techniques,C1-based biomanufacturing is becoming a versatile and sustainable platform for generating diverse value-added products.展开更多
Biomolecular condensates,also known as membraneless organelles,play a crucial role in cellular organization by concentrating or sequestering biomolecules.Despite their importance,synthetically mimicking these organell...Biomolecular condensates,also known as membraneless organelles,play a crucial role in cellular organization by concentrating or sequestering biomolecules.Despite their importance,synthetically mimicking these organelles using non-peptidic small organic molecules has posed a significant challenge.The present study reports the discovery of D008,a self-assembling small molecule that sequesters a unique subset of RNA-binding proteins.Analysis and screening of a comprehensive collection of approximately 1 million compounds in the Chinese National Compound Library(Shanghai)identified 44 self-assembling small molecules in aqueous solutions.Subsequent screening of the focused library,coupled with proteome analysis,led to the discovery of D008 as a small organic molecule with the ability to condensate a specific subset of RNA-binding proteins.In vitro experiments demonstrated that the D008-induced sequestration of RNA-binding proteins impeded mRNA translation.D008 may offer a unique opportunity for studying the condensations of RNA-binding proteins and for developing an unprecedented class of small molecules that control gene expression.展开更多
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,s...Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the detection technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,covering traditional methods,molecular biology techniques,immunological methods and automated detection systems.Traditional methods such as the national standard method and the filter membrane method are easy to operate,but have the problems of long time consuming and limited sensitivity.Molecular biological techniques(such as PCR,gene cloning)and immunological methods(such as ELISA,colloidal gold immunochromatography)have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of detection,but they require high equipment and technology,and are expensive.Automated detection systems,such as VITEK 2 Compact and AutoMS 1000 mass spectrometry identification system,are excellent in improving detection efficiency and accuracy,but their high cost and complex operation process limit their wide application.In addition,the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bacteriostatic agents further increases the difficulty of detection.In this paper,the development and application of immunological detection technology,molecular biological technology and immunological technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were reviewed,and the principles,advantages,disadvantages and research progress of various detection technologies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were described,and the future development trend was prospected,in order to provide reference for the optimization and development of detection methods of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.展开更多
As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally ...As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally activated,which is associated with multiple critical processes of tumor cells,including proliferation,apoptosis,immune evasion,DNA damage repair,and metastasis.The abnormal expression of MAGE family genes in multiple cancers and their multifaceted roles in tumor biology have made them an important target in cancer research and treatment.This review comprehensively explores various aspects of the relationship between the MAGE family and cancer,including the molecular characteristics of its members,transcriptional regulation mechanisms,expression patterns in different cancers,phenotypes and oncogenic mechanisms,poor clinical prognosis and potential as targets for immunotherapy.The expression patterns of these genes are closely linked to the clinical features of tumors,providing molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic assessment of cancer.展开更多
PEDOSPHERE is a peer-reviewed international journal of soil science.It welcomes submissions from scientists around the world under a broad scope of topics relevant to timely,high quality original research findings,esp...PEDOSPHERE is a peer-reviewed international journal of soil science.It welcomes submissions from scientists around the world under a broad scope of topics relevant to timely,high quality original research findings,especially up-to-date achievements and advances in the entire field of soil science studies dealing with environmental science,ecology,agriculture,bioscience,geoscience,forestry,etc.Its areas of particular interest include soil physics;soil chemistry;soil biology and biochemistry;soil fertility and plant nutrition;soil resources and use;soil mineralogy;soil environment and ecology;soil and water conservation;forest,range,and wetland soils;soil salinity and management;soil and plant analysis and technology;and soil gases and global change.展开更多
Avian brood parasitism is a unique reproductive behavior in which parasitic birds depend on other species to incubate their eggs and raise their offspring.In China,there are 20 species of cuckoos in the family Cuculid...Avian brood parasitism is a unique reproductive behavior in which parasitic birds depend on other species to incubate their eggs and raise their offspring.In China,there are 20 species of cuckoos in the family Cuculidae,order Cuculiformes,of which 17 species are parasitic cuckoos.This makes China one of the countries with the largest number of parasitic cuckoo species worldwide.Understanding the host utilization of cuckoos provides fundamental data for studying the coevolution of cuckoos with their hosts.We collected information on cuckoo hosts from the literature,photographs provided by birdwatchers,and online short video platforms,combined these data with our field observations,and summarized the parasitic cuckoos and their host species in China.A total of 1155 parasitism events were counted,involving 12 parasitic cuckoo species and 87 bird host species.These hosts belonged to 26 families,among which Muscicapidae was the most diverse with 19 species,accounting for 21.8%of the total hosts,followed by the families Phylloscopidae and Leiothrichidae with 8 species each,accounting for 9.2%of the total hosts recorded.The Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)had the largest number of host taxa with 38 species,accounting for 43.7%of the total host species.This study adds 14 host species that have not been reported in China.However,for five species,the Jacobin Cuckoo(Clamator jacobinus),Banded Bay Cuckoo(Cacomantis sonneratii),Violet Cuckoo(Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus),Common Hawkcuckoo(Hierococcyx varius),and Whistling Hawk-cuckoo(Hierococcyx nisicolor),information regarding host utilization is still lacking.展开更多
1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although histor...1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although historically referred to as‘secondary’due to their perceived non-essential role in basic plant survival,it is now understood that these metabolites are integral to plant growth,development and adaptation to environmental challenges.Secondary metabolites,such as alkaloids,terpenoids,phenolics and flavonoids,serve as critical mediators of plant-environment interactions,conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors[2].Beyond their ecological functions,these compounds are invaluable to humans,supporting industries ranging from pharmaceuticals and nutrition to agrochemicals and chemical additives.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Category B,XDB1090000).
文摘Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices.By integrating advanced genetic tools,computational modeling,and systems biology,researchers can precisely modify plant genomes to enhance traits such as yield,stress tolerance,and nutrient use efficiency.The ability to design plants with specific characteristics tailored to diverse environmental conditions and agricultural needs holds great potential to address global food security challenges.Here,we highlight recent advancements and applications of plant synthetic biology in agriculture,focusing on key areas such as photosynthetic efficiency,nitrogen fixation,drought tolerance,pathogen resistance,nutrient use efficiency,biofortification,climate resilience,microbiology engineering,synthetic plant genomes,and the integration of artificial intelligence with synthetic biology.These innovations aim to maximize resource use efficiency,reduce reliance on external inputs,and mitigate environmental impacts associated with conventional agricultural practices.Despite challenges related to regulatory approval and public acceptance,the integration of synthetic biology in agriculture holds immense promise for creating more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems,contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability.Rigorous multi-field testing of these approaches will undoubtedly be required to ensure reproducibility.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272444,81972031,81972033)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722382)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(TJYXZDXK-032A)。
文摘Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was diminished in the bone of aged and ovariectomized(OVX)mice,as well as in the serum of osteopenia and osteoporosis patients.In vitro loss-of-function and gain-offunction studies revealed that NELL2 facilitated osteoblast differentiation and impeded adipocyte differentiation from stromal progenitor cells.In vivo studies further demonstrated that the deletion of NELL2 in preosteoblasts resulted in decreased cancellous bone mass in mice.Mechanistically,NELL2 interacted with the FNI-type domain located at the C-terminus of Fibronectin 1(Fn1).Moreover,we found that NELL2 activated the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/AKT signaling pathway through Fn1/integrinβ1(ITGB1),leading to the promotion of osteogenesis and the inhibition of adipogenesis.Notably,administration of NELL2-AAV was found to ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice.These findings underscore the significant role of NELL2 in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for managing osteoporosis.
文摘The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic biology and its key technologies and current status in the production of cosmetic ingredients.It also briefly analyzes the regulatory approaches to synthetic biology-based cosmetic ingredients in different countries and regions,providing guidance for the management of this field in China.The goal is to ensure product safety,enhance consumer trust,and promote the healthy development of the industry.
文摘Walking into the Institute of Plateau Biology(IPB in short)in Lhasa,Xizang,vice director Yang Le exchanged pleasantries with the guard in fluent Tibetan.Originally from Hunan Province,he has worked and lived here in Xizang for over 20 years."Now I see Xizang as my home,"he said with a smile.
文摘Artemisia annua,known for its malarial properties,has been central to Madagascar's agricultural economy and traditional healing cultures for centuries.As demand for artemisinin-based treatments for malaria has continued to grow globally,Madagascar has emerged as a key supplier of Artemisia annua for global pharmaceutical markets,reinforcing the plant’s national significance.This paper explores the growth and evolution of Artemisia annua cultivation in the country,focusing especially on the recent introduction of synthetic artemisinin and the subsequent cultural,economic,and environmental impacts.It examines the challenges faced by Malagasy farmers and local healers with particular focus on issues such as artemisinin resistance,commercial exploitation,and the growing tension between traditional knowledge and modern biotechnology.Ultimately,this paper explores the complexities of balancing economic development,cultural preservation,and global health needs,offering insight into the broader implications for sustainable pharmaceutical sourcing and the future of traditional medicine in an increasingly globalized world.
文摘Bone Research is an open access,fully peer-reviewed journal publishing the foremost progress and novel understanding of all aspects of bone science.The journal highlights the breakthrough discoveries in basic and clinical aspects of bone biology,pathophysiology and regeneration,as well as other significant findings related to bone.
文摘Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.
文摘Background:Momordica charantia L.var.abbreviata Ser.(MCA),locally known as“ampalayang ligaw”,is a wild variety of Momordica charantia L.,and a valuable medicinal plant possessing hypoglycemic activity.However,it only grows in open fields and is not widely cultivated due to slow growth and low productivity.Methods:To enhance its overall plant health,a consortium of three Trichoderma spp.was inoculated into MCA.The effects on growth,floral biology,productivity,and total triterpenes were assessed to determine the efficacy of Trichoderma spp.as a sustainable and environment-friendly plant growth promoter.A consortium of three Trichoderma spp.(T.ghanense,T.pseudokoningii,and T.harzianum)mixed in equal proportions were applied as seed coat and soil drench according to previous recommendations.Results:Results show that Trichoderma-treated MCA exhibited significantly(P<0.05)greater leaf area and growth rate compared to the untreated control.Trichoderma likewise affected the floral biology of MCA with bigger flower sizes(P<0.01),earlier male flower emergence,and increased number of female flowers(P<0.05).Regarding productivity,Trichoderma significantly increased the fruit set,dry weight and length of fruits(P<0.01),number of fruits per plant,and seed germination percentage(P<0.05).An increase in shoot length was significantly correlated to a greater number of fruits hence with higher productivity.Trichoderma also significantly enhanced(22%increase)the total triterpenes in MCA leaves,probably owing to hormonal modulation of gene expression changes as previous studies have shown.The increased triterpene content suggests an enhanced pharmacological potential of Trichoderma-treated MCA for diabetes management,warranting further bioactivity studies.Conclusion:Therefore,these results reveal the efficacy of Trichoderma on MCA productivity enhancement,demonstrating the potential of Trichoderma-treated MCA to become more amenable to commercial cultivation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:U21A20407 and 81973467)Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.:7222276).
文摘Sennoside A(SA),a typical prodrug,exerts its laxative effect only after its transformation into rheinanthrone catalyzed by gut microbial hydrolases and reductases.Hydrolases have been identified,but reductases remain unknown.By linking a photoreactive group to the SA scaffold,we synthesized a photoaffinity probe to covalently label SA reductases and identified SA reductases using activity-based protein profiling(ABPP).From lysates of an active strain,Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum(B.pseudocatenulatum),397 proteins were enriched and subsequently identified using mass spectrometry(MS).Among these proteins,chromate reductase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)phosphate(NADPH)-dependent flavin mononucleotide(FMN)reductase/oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase(nfrA)was identified as a potent SA reductase through further bioinformatic analysis and The Universal Protein Resource(UniProt)database screening.We also determined that recombinant nfrA could reduce SA.Our study contributes to further illuminating mechanisms of SA transformation to rheinanthrone and simultaneously offers an effective method to identify gut bacterial reductases.
基金funded by the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Bio and Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation,supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2023-00210847)and the Ministry of Education(RS-2024-00463331),Republic of Korea.
文摘The discovery of glycosylated RNA molecules,known as glycoRNAs,introduces a novel dimension to cellular biology.This commentary explores the transformative findings surrounding glycoRNAs,emphasizing their unique roles in cancer progression and the therapeutic opportunities they present.GlycoRNAs,through interactions with lectins and immune receptors,may contribute to tumor immune evasion.Moreover,the therapeutic potential of this emerging knowledge includes interventions targeting glycoRNA synthesis and modulation of associated signaling pathways.By highlighting these critical insights,this commentary aims to encourage the development of innovative strategies that could improve cancer prognosis and treatment.
文摘ABOUT THIS JOURNAL Launched in 1988,the Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics (CJCP)is devoted to reporting new and original experimental and theoretical research on interdisciplinary areas,with chemistry and physics groundwork of interest to researchers,faculty and students domestic and abroad in the fields of chemistry,physics,material and biological sciences and their interdisciplinary areas.As one of the 24 peer-reviewed journals under the Chinese Physical Society (CPS),CJCP has been covered in ISI products (SCIE) as well as other major indexes.CJCP is currently a bimonthly journal,and it publishes in English with Chinese abstract as of 2006.
文摘Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.
文摘Researchers from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,with collaborators,identified two sorghum genes(SbSLT1 and SbSLT2)that block Striga-a parasitic plant,also known as“witchweed,”that causes$1.5 billion annual losses in Africa by draining crop nutrients.Published in Cell(February 12,2025),the study shows that these genes regulate strigolactones(SLs).
基金supported by the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shaanxi Province(2022JC-09)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M732780)+1 种基金the Higher Education Institution Academic Discipline Innovation and Talent Introduction Plan(B23025)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities.
文摘One-carbon(C1)compounds,such as CO_(2),methane,and methanol,are emerging as promising feedstocks for next-generation biomanufacturing due to their abundance and low cost.In recent years,there has been growing interest in harnessing microorganisms to convert these carbon sources into valuable natural products(NPs),which offers great potential for sustainable development.This review systematically outlines recent advancements in biocatalysts,synthetic biology,and process optimization aimed at improving the feasibility and scalability of producing C1-based NPs.Current challenges and insights into NPs biomanufacturing from C1 compounds are thoroughly examined in the areas of multi-gene editing,metabolic regulation,and synthetic microbial consortium.With ongoing progress in biosynthetic tools and fermentation techniques,C1-based biomanufacturing is becoming a versatile and sustainable platform for generating diverse value-added products.
基金supported by JSPS(No.22H00350 to M.U.)Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute,No.HI19C1234 to H.K.)+3 种基金JST(the Establishment of University Fellowships towards the Creation of Science Technology Innovation,No.JPMJFS2123 to K.T.)supported and inspired by the International Collaborative Research Program of Institute for Chemical Research,Kyoto University(No.2024-84)Kyoto University On-Site Lab(Fudan-Kyoto Shanghai Lab)the international and interdisciplinary environments of JSPS CORE-to-CORE Program“Asian Chemical Biology Initiative”.
文摘Biomolecular condensates,also known as membraneless organelles,play a crucial role in cellular organization by concentrating or sequestering biomolecules.Despite their importance,synthetically mimicking these organelles using non-peptidic small organic molecules has posed a significant challenge.The present study reports the discovery of D008,a self-assembling small molecule that sequesters a unique subset of RNA-binding proteins.Analysis and screening of a comprehensive collection of approximately 1 million compounds in the Chinese National Compound Library(Shanghai)identified 44 self-assembling small molecules in aqueous solutions.Subsequent screening of the focused library,coupled with proteome analysis,led to the discovery of D008 as a small organic molecule with the ability to condensate a specific subset of RNA-binding proteins.In vitro experiments demonstrated that the D008-induced sequestration of RNA-binding proteins impeded mRNA translation.D008 may offer a unique opportunity for studying the condensations of RNA-binding proteins and for developing an unprecedented class of small molecules that control gene expression.
基金College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(X202511049398)College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(X202511049201)+1 种基金College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(D202504071303298456)Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology University-Level Scientific Research Funding Project(HKKY2024-87).
文摘Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the detection technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,covering traditional methods,molecular biology techniques,immunological methods and automated detection systems.Traditional methods such as the national standard method and the filter membrane method are easy to operate,but have the problems of long time consuming and limited sensitivity.Molecular biological techniques(such as PCR,gene cloning)and immunological methods(such as ELISA,colloidal gold immunochromatography)have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of detection,but they require high equipment and technology,and are expensive.Automated detection systems,such as VITEK 2 Compact and AutoMS 1000 mass spectrometry identification system,are excellent in improving detection efficiency and accuracy,but their high cost and complex operation process limit their wide application.In addition,the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bacteriostatic agents further increases the difficulty of detection.In this paper,the development and application of immunological detection technology,molecular biological technology and immunological technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were reviewed,and the principles,advantages,disadvantages and research progress of various detection technologies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were described,and the future development trend was prospected,in order to provide reference for the optimization and development of detection methods of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
基金supported by Startup Fund for Young Faculty at SJTU(SFYF at SJTU)(No.24X010500176).
文摘As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally activated,which is associated with multiple critical processes of tumor cells,including proliferation,apoptosis,immune evasion,DNA damage repair,and metastasis.The abnormal expression of MAGE family genes in multiple cancers and their multifaceted roles in tumor biology have made them an important target in cancer research and treatment.This review comprehensively explores various aspects of the relationship between the MAGE family and cancer,including the molecular characteristics of its members,transcriptional regulation mechanisms,expression patterns in different cancers,phenotypes and oncogenic mechanisms,poor clinical prognosis and potential as targets for immunotherapy.The expression patterns of these genes are closely linked to the clinical features of tumors,providing molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic assessment of cancer.
文摘PEDOSPHERE is a peer-reviewed international journal of soil science.It welcomes submissions from scientists around the world under a broad scope of topics relevant to timely,high quality original research findings,especially up-to-date achievements and advances in the entire field of soil science studies dealing with environmental science,ecology,agriculture,bioscience,geoscience,forestry,etc.Its areas of particular interest include soil physics;soil chemistry;soil biology and biochemistry;soil fertility and plant nutrition;soil resources and use;soil mineralogy;soil environment and ecology;soil and water conservation;forest,range,and wetland soils;soil salinity and management;soil and plant analysis and technology;and soil gases and global change.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1304600)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32160242 to JL,32470513 and 32270526 to W.L.)supported by the 2023 Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Youth Science and Technology Support Talent Training Project。
文摘Avian brood parasitism is a unique reproductive behavior in which parasitic birds depend on other species to incubate their eggs and raise their offspring.In China,there are 20 species of cuckoos in the family Cuculidae,order Cuculiformes,of which 17 species are parasitic cuckoos.This makes China one of the countries with the largest number of parasitic cuckoo species worldwide.Understanding the host utilization of cuckoos provides fundamental data for studying the coevolution of cuckoos with their hosts.We collected information on cuckoo hosts from the literature,photographs provided by birdwatchers,and online short video platforms,combined these data with our field observations,and summarized the parasitic cuckoos and their host species in China.A total of 1155 parasitism events were counted,involving 12 parasitic cuckoo species and 87 bird host species.These hosts belonged to 26 families,among which Muscicapidae was the most diverse with 19 species,accounting for 21.8%of the total hosts,followed by the families Phylloscopidae and Leiothrichidae with 8 species each,accounting for 9.2%of the total hosts recorded.The Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)had the largest number of host taxa with 38 species,accounting for 43.7%of the total host species.This study adds 14 host species that have not been reported in China.However,for five species,the Jacobin Cuckoo(Clamator jacobinus),Banded Bay Cuckoo(Cacomantis sonneratii),Violet Cuckoo(Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus),Common Hawkcuckoo(Hierococcyx varius),and Whistling Hawk-cuckoo(Hierococcyx nisicolor),information regarding host utilization is still lacking.
基金supported by High Level Talents Research Initiation Fund of West Anhui University(WGKQ2022025)Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Province(2024zybj032)+1 种基金Quality Engineering Project of West Anhui University(wxxy2024011)Development of Big Data Integration and Analysis Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine Genomics(0045025050).
文摘1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although historically referred to as‘secondary’due to their perceived non-essential role in basic plant survival,it is now understood that these metabolites are integral to plant growth,development and adaptation to environmental challenges.Secondary metabolites,such as alkaloids,terpenoids,phenolics and flavonoids,serve as critical mediators of plant-environment interactions,conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors[2].Beyond their ecological functions,these compounds are invaluable to humans,supporting industries ranging from pharmaceuticals and nutrition to agrochemicals and chemical additives.
