To combat the problem of residual film pollution and ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in oasis areas,a field experiment was carried out in 2019 at the Wuyi Farm Corps Irrigation Center Test Station in...To combat the problem of residual film pollution and ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in oasis areas,a field experiment was carried out in 2019 at the Wuyi Farm Corps Irrigation Center Test Station in Urumqi,Northwest China.Four types of biodegradable mulches,traditional plastic mulchs and a control group(bare land;referred to as CK)were compared,including a total of six different treatments.Effects of mulching on soil water and heat conditions as well as the yield and quality of processing tomatoes under drip irrigation were examined.In addition,a comparative analysis of economic benefits of biodegradable mulches was performed.Principal component analysis and gray correlation analysis were used to evaluate suitable mulching varieties for planting processing tomatoes under drip irrigation.Our results show that,compared with CK,biodegradable mulches and traditional plastic mulch have a similar effect on retaining soil moisture at the seedling stage but significantly increase soil moisture by 0.5%-1.5%and 1.5%-3.0%in the middle and late growth periods(P<0.050),respectively.The difference in the thermal insulation effect between biodegradable mulch and plastic mulch gradually reduces as the crop grows.Compared with plastic mulch,the average soil temperature at 5-20 cm depth under biodegradable mulches is significantly lowered by 2.04°C-3.52°C and 0.52°C-0.88°C(P<0.050)at the seedling stage and the full growth period,respectively,and the water use efficiency,average fruit yield,and production-investment ratio under biodegradable mulches were reduced by 0.89%-6.63%,3.39%-8.69%,and 0.51%-6.33%(P<0.050),respectively.The comprehensive evaluation analysis suggests that the black oxidized biological double-degradation ecological mulch made from eco-benign plastic is the optimal film type under the study condition.Therefore,from the perspective of sustainable development,biodegradable mulch is a competitive alternative to plastic mulch for large-scale tomato production under drip irrigation in the oasis.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore adaptability of degradable mulches in maize production in northeastern Yunnan. [Method] The tests of sun drying, burying and maize mulching were conducted based on 15 controllable de...[Objective] The aim was to explore adaptability of degradable mulches in maize production in northeastern Yunnan. [Method] The tests of sun drying, burying and maize mulching were conducted based on 15 controllable degradable mulches in northeastern Yunnan. [Result] Of the test mulches, the induction period last the longest of 56 d, and the induction period can not be well controlled. Besides, the degradable mulches proved similar with common mulches in terms of heat preser- vation and yield increasing for crops, and performed excellently in covering strength, extension degree and toughness. Additionally, degradable mulches left few residues after maize harvesting, which would remove mulch pollution. [Conclusion] The biodegradable mulch functions well in heat preservation and yield increasing, as well as resolving the issue of plastic pollution, which is of great significance in environ- ment protection, agricultural sustainable development, and eco-agriculture, green agri- culture and modernized agriculture.展开更多
The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lign...The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lignin(QL),a biodegradable liquid mulch film(PVA@CMC/QL)was constructed by introducing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and a selenium-containing cross-linking agent through electrostatic interaction.The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and QL on different liquid mulch films was examined.PVA@CMC/QL had exceptional spray-film-forming properties of liquid mulch film and was capable of generating a dense mulch film above the soil/on top of the soil under natural conditions.PVA@CMC/QL exhibited excellent oxygen transmission rate(60.2 cm^(3)·m^(-2)·d^(-1)·Pa-1)and water vapor transmission rate(753.4 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1)).Soil temperature and humidity increased by 0.4 to 2.1℃and 0.5%to 2.8%,respectively,in the soil covered with PVA@CMC/QL compared to those in other controls,thereby confirming its exceptional moisture retention and insulation capabilities.PVA@CMC/QL combined remarkable weed suppression with only 13.3%weed germination under the mulch.Optimal rhizome growth of pak choi seedlings was observed under the PVA@CMC/QL cover,as demonstrated by the planting of both pak choi seedlings and weeds.Roots and stems increased by 3.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 cm,respectively.The weed suppression mechanism of PVA@CMC/QL was explained through the lens of density functional theory.In addition,the selenium content of pak choi seedlings under PVA@CMC/QL cover could reach 28.5μg/kg,making the mulch film both degradable and highly reusable.This work not only improved the value-added utilization of bamboo residues but also gave new insight into the research on multifunctional bamboo-plastic mulch film.展开更多
基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Project in Key Areas(2019CB004)the Water-Saving Irrigation Experiment Project(BTJSSY–201911)of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,China。
文摘To combat the problem of residual film pollution and ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in oasis areas,a field experiment was carried out in 2019 at the Wuyi Farm Corps Irrigation Center Test Station in Urumqi,Northwest China.Four types of biodegradable mulches,traditional plastic mulchs and a control group(bare land;referred to as CK)were compared,including a total of six different treatments.Effects of mulching on soil water and heat conditions as well as the yield and quality of processing tomatoes under drip irrigation were examined.In addition,a comparative analysis of economic benefits of biodegradable mulches was performed.Principal component analysis and gray correlation analysis were used to evaluate suitable mulching varieties for planting processing tomatoes under drip irrigation.Our results show that,compared with CK,biodegradable mulches and traditional plastic mulch have a similar effect on retaining soil moisture at the seedling stage but significantly increase soil moisture by 0.5%-1.5%and 1.5%-3.0%in the middle and late growth periods(P<0.050),respectively.The difference in the thermal insulation effect between biodegradable mulch and plastic mulch gradually reduces as the crop grows.Compared with plastic mulch,the average soil temperature at 5-20 cm depth under biodegradable mulches is significantly lowered by 2.04°C-3.52°C and 0.52°C-0.88°C(P<0.050)at the seedling stage and the full growth period,respectively,and the water use efficiency,average fruit yield,and production-investment ratio under biodegradable mulches were reduced by 0.89%-6.63%,3.39%-8.69%,and 0.51%-6.33%(P<0.050),respectively.The comprehensive evaluation analysis suggests that the black oxidized biological double-degradation ecological mulch made from eco-benign plastic is the optimal film type under the study condition.Therefore,from the perspective of sustainable development,biodegradable mulch is a competitive alternative to plastic mulch for large-scale tomato production under drip irrigation in the oasis.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-02-79)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(20150312710)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore adaptability of degradable mulches in maize production in northeastern Yunnan. [Method] The tests of sun drying, burying and maize mulching were conducted based on 15 controllable degradable mulches in northeastern Yunnan. [Result] Of the test mulches, the induction period last the longest of 56 d, and the induction period can not be well controlled. Besides, the degradable mulches proved similar with common mulches in terms of heat preser- vation and yield increasing for crops, and performed excellently in covering strength, extension degree and toughness. Additionally, degradable mulches left few residues after maize harvesting, which would remove mulch pollution. [Conclusion] The biodegradable mulch functions well in heat preservation and yield increasing, as well as resolving the issue of plastic pollution, which is of great significance in environ- ment protection, agricultural sustainable development, and eco-agriculture, green agri- culture and modernized agriculture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32494793).
文摘The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lignin(QL),a biodegradable liquid mulch film(PVA@CMC/QL)was constructed by introducing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and a selenium-containing cross-linking agent through electrostatic interaction.The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and QL on different liquid mulch films was examined.PVA@CMC/QL had exceptional spray-film-forming properties of liquid mulch film and was capable of generating a dense mulch film above the soil/on top of the soil under natural conditions.PVA@CMC/QL exhibited excellent oxygen transmission rate(60.2 cm^(3)·m^(-2)·d^(-1)·Pa-1)and water vapor transmission rate(753.4 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1)).Soil temperature and humidity increased by 0.4 to 2.1℃and 0.5%to 2.8%,respectively,in the soil covered with PVA@CMC/QL compared to those in other controls,thereby confirming its exceptional moisture retention and insulation capabilities.PVA@CMC/QL combined remarkable weed suppression with only 13.3%weed germination under the mulch.Optimal rhizome growth of pak choi seedlings was observed under the PVA@CMC/QL cover,as demonstrated by the planting of both pak choi seedlings and weeds.Roots and stems increased by 3.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 cm,respectively.The weed suppression mechanism of PVA@CMC/QL was explained through the lens of density functional theory.In addition,the selenium content of pak choi seedlings under PVA@CMC/QL cover could reach 28.5μg/kg,making the mulch film both degradable and highly reusable.This work not only improved the value-added utilization of bamboo residues but also gave new insight into the research on multifunctional bamboo-plastic mulch film.
