In recent years, production of engine fuels and energy from biomass has drawn much interest. In this work, we conducted a novel integrated process for the preparation of bio-hydrogen and bio-fuels using lignocellulosi...In recent years, production of engine fuels and energy from biomass has drawn much interest. In this work, we conducted a novel integrated process for the preparation of bio-hydrogen and bio-fuels using lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis-oil （bio-oil）. The process includes （i） the production of bio-hydrogen or bio-syngas by the catalytic cracking of bio-oil, （ii） the adjustment of bio-syngas, and （iii） the production of bio-fuels by ole nic polymerization （OP） together with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS）. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of bio-hydrogen was 120.9 g H2/（kg bio-oil）. The yield of hydrocarbon bio-fuels reached 526.1 g/（kg bio-syngas） by the coupling of OP and FTS. The main reaction pathways （or chemical processes） were discussed based on the products observed and the catalyst property.展开更多
In this paper, a theoretical-economic study was carried out based on the operation and construction of different types of equipments that use solar energy to carry out the distillation process. The conclusions drawn f...In this paper, a theoretical-economic study was carried out based on the operation and construction of different types of equipments that use solar energy to carry out the distillation process. The conclusions drawn from the analysis aimed to determine what is necessary for the optimal design of an experimental distillation module that allows bioethanol with specific features to be obtained, for the area of Tehuantepec in Mexico. This study took the experiments carried out by various authors and extracted information relevant to the selection of the parameters and variables of the proposed distiller according to their efficiency and construction costs.展开更多
The aim of this study,is 1-butanol production using CO2 with S.elongatus PCC 7942 culture.The yields of 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized have been calculated.The maximum concentration of produced 1-butanol is 35.37 mg/L ...The aim of this study,is 1-butanol production using CO2 with S.elongatus PCC 7942 culture.The yields of 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized have been calculated.The maximum concentration of produced 1-butanol is 35.37 mg/L and 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized efficiency is 92.4.The optimum operational conditions were 30°C temperature,60 W intensity of light,pH=7.1,120 mV redox potential,0.083 m^3/sn flow rate with CO2 and 0.5 mg/l dissolved O2 concentration.Among the enzymes on the metabolic trail of the production of 1-butanol via using S.elongatus PCC 7942 cyanobacteria.At maximum yield;the measured concentrations are 0.016μg/ml for hbd;0.0022μg/ml for Ter and 0.0048μg/ml for AdhE2.The cost analyses necessary for 1-butanol production has been done and the cost of 1 liter 1-butanol has been determined as 1.31 TL/L.展开更多
Cellulose and hemicelluloses are the most prevalent sources of carbon in nature. Currently many approaches employ micro-organisms and their enzyme products to degrade plant feedstocks for production of bioenergy. Scar...Cellulose and hemicelluloses are the most prevalent sources of carbon in nature. Currently many approaches employ micro-organisms and their enzyme products to degrade plant feedstocks for production of bioenergy. Scarab larvae are one such model. They consume celluloses from a variety of sources including plant roots, soil organic matter and decaying wood, and are able to extract nutrients and energy from these sources. In this paper, we review the physicochemical properties of the scarab larval gut, the diversity and digestive role that microflora play in the scarab gut and discuss the potential for applying these digestive processes in bioreactors for improving bio-fuel production. Scarab larvae are characterised by their highly alkaline midgut which is dominated by serine proteinase enzymes, and a modified hindgut which harbors the majority of the intestinal microbiota under anaerobic conditions. Evidence suggests that digestion of recalcitrant organic matter in scarab larvae likely results from a combination of endogenous gut proteinases and cellulolytic enzymes produced by symbiotic micro-organisms. Most of the easily digestible proteins are mobilized and absorbed in the midgut by endogenous proteinases. The hindgut contents of scarab larvae are characterized by high concentrations of volatile fatty acids, the presence of fermenting bacteria, and typical anaerobic activities, such as methanogenesis. The hindgut typically contains a wide diversity of micro-organisms, some of which appear to be obligate symbionts with cellulolytic potential. As a result, the scarab larval gut can be regarded as a small bioreactor resembling the rumen of sheep or cattle, where solid food particles composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and polysaccharides are degraded through enzymatic and fermentation processes. Together these observations suggest scarab larvae have potential to assist the bio-fuel industry by providing new sources of （hemi）cellulolytic bacteria and bacterial （hemi）cellulolytic enzymes.展开更多
A mathematical model has been developed to describe the agglomeration process in bio-fuel fired fluidized bed combustor. Based on the balance mechanism of the adhesive force caused by liquid bonding between two parti-...A mathematical model has been developed to describe the agglomeration process in bio-fuel fired fluidized bed combustor. Based on the balance mechanism of the adhesive force caused by liquid bonding between two parti- cles and the breaking force induced by bubbles in the fiuidized bed, the model considers modified Urbain model and chemical equilibrium calculations using FactSage modeling. This model prediction accounts for the evolve- ment of the adhesive and breaking forces, and clearly demonstrates that the different composition of ash, the in- creasing liquid phase matter and the fiuidization velocity cause defluidization in fluidized bed. In this model, it is the first time to hypothesize that the bonding stress between two particles is proportional to mass fraction of liq- uid phase and inversely proportional to the diameter of particles and viscosity of liquid phase. The defluidization time calculated by this model shows good agreement with that from the experimental data.展开更多
文摘In recent years, production of engine fuels and energy from biomass has drawn much interest. In this work, we conducted a novel integrated process for the preparation of bio-hydrogen and bio-fuels using lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis-oil （bio-oil）. The process includes （i） the production of bio-hydrogen or bio-syngas by the catalytic cracking of bio-oil, （ii） the adjustment of bio-syngas, and （iii） the production of bio-fuels by ole nic polymerization （OP） together with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS）. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of bio-hydrogen was 120.9 g H2/（kg bio-oil）. The yield of hydrocarbon bio-fuels reached 526.1 g/（kg bio-syngas） by the coupling of OP and FTS. The main reaction pathways （or chemical processes） were discussed based on the products observed and the catalyst property.
文摘In this paper, a theoretical-economic study was carried out based on the operation and construction of different types of equipments that use solar energy to carry out the distillation process. The conclusions drawn from the analysis aimed to determine what is necessary for the optimal design of an experimental distillation module that allows bioethanol with specific features to be obtained, for the area of Tehuantepec in Mexico. This study took the experiments carried out by various authors and extracted information relevant to the selection of the parameters and variables of the proposed distiller according to their efficiency and construction costs.
基金supported by the Department of Scientific Resource Project(2014.KB.FEN.035)The Scientific and Technological Research council of Turkey(TUBITAK)for financial support(1002-Quick Support Program).
文摘The aim of this study,is 1-butanol production using CO2 with S.elongatus PCC 7942 culture.The yields of 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized have been calculated.The maximum concentration of produced 1-butanol is 35.37 mg/L and 1-butanolproduced/CO2utilized efficiency is 92.4.The optimum operational conditions were 30°C temperature,60 W intensity of light,pH=7.1,120 mV redox potential,0.083 m^3/sn flow rate with CO2 and 0.5 mg/l dissolved O2 concentration.Among the enzymes on the metabolic trail of the production of 1-butanol via using S.elongatus PCC 7942 cyanobacteria.At maximum yield;the measured concentrations are 0.016μg/ml for hbd;0.0022μg/ml for Ter and 0.0048μg/ml for AdhE2.The cost analyses necessary for 1-butanol production has been done and the cost of 1 liter 1-butanol has been determined as 1.31 TL/L.
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （30671404）, the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China, the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （200805040010） and the New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology. The authors would also like to thank Sue Zydenbos for editorial assistance.
文摘Cellulose and hemicelluloses are the most prevalent sources of carbon in nature. Currently many approaches employ micro-organisms and their enzyme products to degrade plant feedstocks for production of bioenergy. Scarab larvae are one such model. They consume celluloses from a variety of sources including plant roots, soil organic matter and decaying wood, and are able to extract nutrients and energy from these sources. In this paper, we review the physicochemical properties of the scarab larval gut, the diversity and digestive role that microflora play in the scarab gut and discuss the potential for applying these digestive processes in bioreactors for improving bio-fuel production. Scarab larvae are characterised by their highly alkaline midgut which is dominated by serine proteinase enzymes, and a modified hindgut which harbors the majority of the intestinal microbiota under anaerobic conditions. Evidence suggests that digestion of recalcitrant organic matter in scarab larvae likely results from a combination of endogenous gut proteinases and cellulolytic enzymes produced by symbiotic micro-organisms. Most of the easily digestible proteins are mobilized and absorbed in the midgut by endogenous proteinases. The hindgut contents of scarab larvae are characterized by high concentrations of volatile fatty acids, the presence of fermenting bacteria, and typical anaerobic activities, such as methanogenesis. The hindgut typically contains a wide diversity of micro-organisms, some of which appear to be obligate symbionts with cellulolytic potential. As a result, the scarab larval gut can be regarded as a small bioreactor resembling the rumen of sheep or cattle, where solid food particles composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and polysaccharides are degraded through enzymatic and fermentation processes. Together these observations suggest scarab larvae have potential to assist the bio-fuel industry by providing new sources of （hemi）cellulolytic bacteria and bacterial （hemi）cellulolytic enzymes.
基金the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Code:50706055)
文摘A mathematical model has been developed to describe the agglomeration process in bio-fuel fired fluidized bed combustor. Based on the balance mechanism of the adhesive force caused by liquid bonding between two parti- cles and the breaking force induced by bubbles in the fiuidized bed, the model considers modified Urbain model and chemical equilibrium calculations using FactSage modeling. This model prediction accounts for the evolve- ment of the adhesive and breaking forces, and clearly demonstrates that the different composition of ash, the in- creasing liquid phase matter and the fiuidization velocity cause defluidization in fluidized bed. In this model, it is the first time to hypothesize that the bonding stress between two particles is proportional to mass fraction of liq- uid phase and inversely proportional to the diameter of particles and viscosity of liquid phase. The defluidization time calculated by this model shows good agreement with that from the experimental data.
