The brain regions associated with binge-eating disorder (BED) and those targeted by Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) overlap. The present paper reviews the psychobehavioural and neuropharmacological mechanisms at play in BED an...The brain regions associated with binge-eating disorder (BED) and those targeted by Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) overlap. The present paper reviews the psychobehavioural and neuropharmacological mechanisms at play in BED and compulsive eating behaviours, along with the mechanisms of action LDX is thought to play. We present one case of chronic BED and highlight the EEG scans pre- and post-LDX treatment. The normalization of the patient’s electroencephalogy (EEG) activity associated with BED after LDX supports theorized mechanisms of LDX action, further explaining its efficacy in treatment. A significant decrease in theta band power was observed in the patient after treatment with LDX. Specifically, this decrease was modulated by changes in the F8 electrode corresponding to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)—An area associated with deficits in inhibitory function, seen in addictions and BED. A better understanding of the psychobehavioural and neuropharmacological mechanisms involved in BED and LDX treatment has the potential to significantly enhance our knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis, potential prevention, and optimal treatment options for patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder(BED)is a clinical syndrome and is considered the most common type of eating disorder.However,our understanding of the global performance and progress of BED research is limited.AIM To ...BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder(BED)is a clinical syndrome and is considered the most common type of eating disorder.However,our understanding of the global performance and progress of BED research is limited.AIM To describe and perform a bibliometric analysis of the state of BED research.METHODS The term‘Binge eating’was searched in the title throughout the previous year’s up to December 31,2020.We searched the Scopus and Reference Citation Analysis for publications on Binge eating.The VOSviewer software version 1.6.17 was used to produce the network visualization map of the most frequent author,collaborative relationships between countries/regions,and to determine the hotspots related to binge eating research.In addition,conventional bibliometric indicators were generated.RESULTS The search strategy found 2713 total articles and an average of 62 articles per year.Among them,‘Article’represented 82.49%of the publications(n=2238 articles)and was the most frequent type,followed by reviews(n=243;8.96%).The number of publications increased steadily during the last decade of the study period.One hundred and thirty-two countries contributed to binge eating research,with 1495(55.11%)articles published in the United States,followed by Italy with 256(9.44%),the United Kingdom with 183(6.75%),and Germany with 182(6.71%).Currently,the main hot topics related to BED are‘type of treatment and management and treatment provided to BED”;“processes and pathways to binge eating”;and‘diagnosis,signs and symptoms,comorbidities and prevalence and associated factors with BED’.CONCLUSION The number of publications has increased noticeably during the previous decade.There are indeed relatively few publications on BED from low-and middle-income nations,so much is to be learned from the experience of all countries.Studies on this topic are critical in all countries to discover risk factors and effective intervention measures.Although our findings are preliminary,they imply that the future prospects for interventions aimed at BED management are bright,focusing on complex models of care and long-term maintenance of therapeutic gains.展开更多
Eating disorders(EDs)are undertreated worldwide.In the UK the lag between recognition of symptoms and treatment ranges from about 15 months to in excess of 2 years.Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy(ICBT)could...Eating disorders(EDs)are undertreated worldwide.In the UK the lag between recognition of symptoms and treatment ranges from about 15 months to in excess of 2 years.Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy(ICBT)could be a viable alternative to faceto-face cognitive behaviour therapy(CBT)that avoids the negative impacts of delayed interventions.Based on evidence from randomised controlled trials(RCTs),this systematic review investigated the efficacy of minimally guided self-help ICBT,without faceto-face therapy,for the prevention,treatment and relapse prevention of all types of EDs in adults.The electronic databases MEDLINE,PsychINFO,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched between 1991 and 2021.Inclusion criteria specified RCTs with ICBT versus inactive comparison groups.The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool-2 was used for quality assessments.Qualitative synthesis and meta-analyses were conducted.Findings typically showed medium significant beneficial effect sizes for prevention studies ranging from(-0.31[95%CI:-0.57,-0.06]to-0.47[95%CI:-0.82,-0.11])and generally large effect sizes for the treatment studies ranging from(-0.30[95%CI:-0.57,-0.03]to-1.11[95%CI:-1.47,-0.75]).Relapse prevention studies yielded mainly small non-significant beneficial effects with significant effect sizes of(-0.29[95%CI:-0.56,-0.03]and-0.43[95%CI:-0.70,-0.16]).Only the treatment studies reached clinical significance and cognitive symptoms improved more than behavioural symptoms.ICBT appears to be efficacious for the prevention,treatment and relapse prevention of eating disorders with treatment interventions being the most beneficial.However,the evidence base is very small,particularly for treatment and relapse prevention,indicating the need for more high-quality RCTs.展开更多
文摘The brain regions associated with binge-eating disorder (BED) and those targeted by Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) overlap. The present paper reviews the psychobehavioural and neuropharmacological mechanisms at play in BED and compulsive eating behaviours, along with the mechanisms of action LDX is thought to play. We present one case of chronic BED and highlight the EEG scans pre- and post-LDX treatment. The normalization of the patient’s electroencephalogy (EEG) activity associated with BED after LDX supports theorized mechanisms of LDX action, further explaining its efficacy in treatment. A significant decrease in theta band power was observed in the patient after treatment with LDX. Specifically, this decrease was modulated by changes in the F8 electrode corresponding to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)—An area associated with deficits in inhibitory function, seen in addictions and BED. A better understanding of the psychobehavioural and neuropharmacological mechanisms involved in BED and LDX treatment has the potential to significantly enhance our knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis, potential prevention, and optimal treatment options for patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder(BED)is a clinical syndrome and is considered the most common type of eating disorder.However,our understanding of the global performance and progress of BED research is limited.AIM To describe and perform a bibliometric analysis of the state of BED research.METHODS The term‘Binge eating’was searched in the title throughout the previous year’s up to December 31,2020.We searched the Scopus and Reference Citation Analysis for publications on Binge eating.The VOSviewer software version 1.6.17 was used to produce the network visualization map of the most frequent author,collaborative relationships between countries/regions,and to determine the hotspots related to binge eating research.In addition,conventional bibliometric indicators were generated.RESULTS The search strategy found 2713 total articles and an average of 62 articles per year.Among them,‘Article’represented 82.49%of the publications(n=2238 articles)and was the most frequent type,followed by reviews(n=243;8.96%).The number of publications increased steadily during the last decade of the study period.One hundred and thirty-two countries contributed to binge eating research,with 1495(55.11%)articles published in the United States,followed by Italy with 256(9.44%),the United Kingdom with 183(6.75%),and Germany with 182(6.71%).Currently,the main hot topics related to BED are‘type of treatment and management and treatment provided to BED”;“processes and pathways to binge eating”;and‘diagnosis,signs and symptoms,comorbidities and prevalence and associated factors with BED’.CONCLUSION The number of publications has increased noticeably during the previous decade.There are indeed relatively few publications on BED from low-and middle-income nations,so much is to be learned from the experience of all countries.Studies on this topic are critical in all countries to discover risk factors and effective intervention measures.Although our findings are preliminary,they imply that the future prospects for interventions aimed at BED management are bright,focusing on complex models of care and long-term maintenance of therapeutic gains.
文摘Eating disorders(EDs)are undertreated worldwide.In the UK the lag between recognition of symptoms and treatment ranges from about 15 months to in excess of 2 years.Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy(ICBT)could be a viable alternative to faceto-face cognitive behaviour therapy(CBT)that avoids the negative impacts of delayed interventions.Based on evidence from randomised controlled trials(RCTs),this systematic review investigated the efficacy of minimally guided self-help ICBT,without faceto-face therapy,for the prevention,treatment and relapse prevention of all types of EDs in adults.The electronic databases MEDLINE,PsychINFO,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched between 1991 and 2021.Inclusion criteria specified RCTs with ICBT versus inactive comparison groups.The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool-2 was used for quality assessments.Qualitative synthesis and meta-analyses were conducted.Findings typically showed medium significant beneficial effect sizes for prevention studies ranging from(-0.31[95%CI:-0.57,-0.06]to-0.47[95%CI:-0.82,-0.11])and generally large effect sizes for the treatment studies ranging from(-0.30[95%CI:-0.57,-0.03]to-1.11[95%CI:-1.47,-0.75]).Relapse prevention studies yielded mainly small non-significant beneficial effects with significant effect sizes of(-0.29[95%CI:-0.56,-0.03]and-0.43[95%CI:-0.70,-0.16]).Only the treatment studies reached clinical significance and cognitive symptoms improved more than behavioural symptoms.ICBT appears to be efficacious for the prevention,treatment and relapse prevention of eating disorders with treatment interventions being the most beneficial.However,the evidence base is very small,particularly for treatment and relapse prevention,indicating the need for more high-quality RCTs.
