The knowledge of the wave-induced hydrodynamic loads on coastal dikes including their temporal and spatial resolution on the dike in combination with actual water levels is of crucial importance of any risk-based earl...The knowledge of the wave-induced hydrodynamic loads on coastal dikes including their temporal and spatial resolution on the dike in combination with actual water levels is of crucial importance of any risk-based early warning system. As a basis for the assessment of the wave-induced hydrodynamic loads, an operational wave now-and forecast system is set up that consists of i) available field measurements from the federal and local authorities and ii) data from numerical simulation of waves in the German Bight using the SWAN wave model. In this study, results of the hindcast of deep water wave conditions during the winter storm on 5–6 December, 2013(German name ‘Xaver') are shown and compared with available measurements. Moreover field measurements of wave run-up from the local authorities at a sea dike on the German North Sea Island of Pellworm are presented and compared against calculated wave run-up using the Eur Otop(2016) approach.展开更多
Satellite remote sensing data can produce global environmental data and is easily accessible and widely used by the scientific and non-scientific community. However, to use satellite data, it is important to know its ...Satellite remote sensing data can produce global environmental data and is easily accessible and widely used by the scientific and non-scientific community. However, to use satellite data, it is important to know its limitations and how it validates against in situ measurements for the different regions. Here, field measurements of chlorophyll-a concentration and euphotic depth within the Great Australian Bight, Gulf St Vincent and Spencer Gulf were used to validate ocean colour products derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Aqua satellite. The field data include in situ and in vivo chlorophyll-a concentration, which were compared against MODIS chlorophyll-a products derived from three algorithms (OC3M, Carder, and Garver-Siegel-Maritorena (GSM)), as well as euphotic depth measurements derived from photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) profiles, which were compared against two MODIS euphotic depth products (derived semi-analytically and from surface chlorophyll-a). The OC3M product performed well in open waters, with errors below the 35% NASA accepted limit, but it overestimated chlorophyll-a values in shallow (<50 m) waters. The GSM product produced the lowest errors, but also showed a smaller dynamic range, while the Carder product produced higher errors than GSM and it also showed small dynamic range. The relationships between the MODIS and in situ euphotic depth were robust, with errors lower than 20%. MODIS products showed weaker or no significant relationships to in situ measurements in the Eastern Great Australian Bight. This is thought to be due to the summertime subsurface upwelling pool that is characteristic of the area. Based on these results, the OC3M product provides the most reliable estimates of chlorophyll-a, and is recommended for further applications of MODIS imagery, if the limitations in shallow waters are taken into account. Alternatively, the GSM product could be a better option if the algorithm were locally adjusted. Changes in the sampling methodology to improve the algorithms are discussed. Derived euphotic depth products can be used with confidence in applying MODIS products for monitoring water clarity, ecosystem health or primary productivity in the region.展开更多
北海南部湾(the Southern Bight of the North Sea)6个站位取样鉴定了13个小型底栖动物类群。其中线虫Nematoda、底栖桡足类Copepoda、涡虫Turbellaria、多毛类Polychaeta和水螅Hydrozoa在各站均有发现。线虫与桡足类丰度比率R为1.2～3...北海南部湾(the Southern Bight of the North Sea)6个站位取样鉴定了13个小型底栖动物类群。其中线虫Nematoda、底栖桡足类Copepoda、涡虫Turbellaria、多毛类Polychaeta和水螅Hydrozoa在各站均有发现。线虫与桡足类丰度比率R为1.2～30.7。701站和435站以较低的类群组成和多样性指标、以较高的R比率而明显区别于其它各站。分析结果表明:该两个站位小型底栖群落结构除了沉积物类型因素外,巳受到污染的严重影响。比利时沿岸701站的污染源来自Western Scheldt河长年携带大量工业废物和生活污水的入侵,而435站则归因于TiO_2废物的倾倒活动。展开更多
The middle-upper Cretaceous Ceduna River system traversed continental Australia from the NE coast to the centre of the southern coast. At its mouth, it formed a vast delta system that is similar in scale to the Niger ...The middle-upper Cretaceous Ceduna River system traversed continental Australia from the NE coast to the centre of the southern coast. At its mouth, it formed a vast delta system that is similar in scale to the Niger delta of West Africa. The delta system is composed of two main lobes that represent different phases of delta construction. A recent hypothesis has challenged the traditional idea that both lobes of the delta were derived from a transcontinental river system by suggesting that the upper lobe （Santonian -Maastrichtian） is instead derived from a restricted catchment within southern Australia. Hf isotopic data presented here fingerprint the original source of the upper delta lobe zircons to NE Australia, with data comparing well with similar U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic data from the Lachlan Orogen, the New England Orogen, the eastern Musgraves Province and the northern Flinders Ranges. These data do not preclude a model where the lobe is derived from recycled Eromanga Basin sediments during a phase of late Cretaceous inland Australian uplift, but when coupled with reconnaissance low-temperature thermochronometry from the region of the Ceduna River course indicating widespread Triassic-Jurassic exhumation, and comparisons with detrital zircon data from the Winton Formation upstream of any proposed uplift, we suggest that both lobes of the Ceduna Delta are likely to be derived from a transcontinental Ceduna River.展开更多
Objective: to study and analyze the application value of "bighting burst" therapy combined with chiropractic therapy in children with diarrhea disease. Methods: into our hospital in January 2019 to December ...Objective: to study and analyze the application value of "bighting burst" therapy combined with chiropractic therapy in children with diarrhea disease. Methods: into our hospital in January 2019 to December 2021 for children with diarrhea disease 62 cases, random digital table is divided into research group, control group, each 31 cases, all using conventional western medicine treatment, give suspension and bifidobacterium oral drugs, study group children with "bighting burst" therapy combined chiropractic treatment, the two groups of children efficacy, main integral and inflammatory condition. Results: after 1 week of treatment, the study group was higher than the control group, and the CR and PCT levels were lower than the control group, which were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: the application of "bighting burst" therapy and chiropractic therapy in children with diarrhea disease helps to improve the efficacy, promote the improvement of symptoms and signs, and effectively control the inflammatory condition.展开更多
基金the joint research project Early Dike–Sensor and Risk based Early Warning Systems for Coastal Dikes(No.03G0847C)funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF)
文摘The knowledge of the wave-induced hydrodynamic loads on coastal dikes including their temporal and spatial resolution on the dike in combination with actual water levels is of crucial importance of any risk-based early warning system. As a basis for the assessment of the wave-induced hydrodynamic loads, an operational wave now-and forecast system is set up that consists of i) available field measurements from the federal and local authorities and ii) data from numerical simulation of waves in the German Bight using the SWAN wave model. In this study, results of the hindcast of deep water wave conditions during the winter storm on 5–6 December, 2013(German name ‘Xaver') are shown and compared with available measurements. Moreover field measurements of wave run-up from the local authorities at a sea dike on the German North Sea Island of Pellworm are presented and compared against calculated wave run-up using the Eur Otop(2016) approach.
文摘Satellite remote sensing data can produce global environmental data and is easily accessible and widely used by the scientific and non-scientific community. However, to use satellite data, it is important to know its limitations and how it validates against in situ measurements for the different regions. Here, field measurements of chlorophyll-a concentration and euphotic depth within the Great Australian Bight, Gulf St Vincent and Spencer Gulf were used to validate ocean colour products derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Aqua satellite. The field data include in situ and in vivo chlorophyll-a concentration, which were compared against MODIS chlorophyll-a products derived from three algorithms (OC3M, Carder, and Garver-Siegel-Maritorena (GSM)), as well as euphotic depth measurements derived from photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) profiles, which were compared against two MODIS euphotic depth products (derived semi-analytically and from surface chlorophyll-a). The OC3M product performed well in open waters, with errors below the 35% NASA accepted limit, but it overestimated chlorophyll-a values in shallow (<50 m) waters. The GSM product produced the lowest errors, but also showed a smaller dynamic range, while the Carder product produced higher errors than GSM and it also showed small dynamic range. The relationships between the MODIS and in situ euphotic depth were robust, with errors lower than 20%. MODIS products showed weaker or no significant relationships to in situ measurements in the Eastern Great Australian Bight. This is thought to be due to the summertime subsurface upwelling pool that is characteristic of the area. Based on these results, the OC3M product provides the most reliable estimates of chlorophyll-a, and is recommended for further applications of MODIS imagery, if the limitations in shallow waters are taken into account. Alternatively, the GSM product could be a better option if the algorithm were locally adjusted. Changes in the sampling methodology to improve the algorithms are discussed. Derived euphotic depth products can be used with confidence in applying MODIS products for monitoring water clarity, ecosystem health or primary productivity in the region.
文摘北海南部湾(the Southern Bight of the North Sea)6个站位取样鉴定了13个小型底栖动物类群。其中线虫Nematoda、底栖桡足类Copepoda、涡虫Turbellaria、多毛类Polychaeta和水螅Hydrozoa在各站均有发现。线虫与桡足类丰度比率R为1.2～30.7。701站和435站以较低的类群组成和多样性指标、以较高的R比率而明显区别于其它各站。分析结果表明:该两个站位小型底栖群落结构除了沉积物类型因素外,巳受到污染的严重影响。比利时沿岸701站的污染源来自Western Scheldt河长年携带大量工业废物和生活污水的入侵,而435站则归因于TiO_2废物的倾倒活动。
基金part of an Honours project at University of Adelaide,in part funded by the Geological Survey of South AustraliaARC Future Fellowship grant FT120100340IGCP projects #628 and #648
文摘The middle-upper Cretaceous Ceduna River system traversed continental Australia from the NE coast to the centre of the southern coast. At its mouth, it formed a vast delta system that is similar in scale to the Niger delta of West Africa. The delta system is composed of two main lobes that represent different phases of delta construction. A recent hypothesis has challenged the traditional idea that both lobes of the delta were derived from a transcontinental river system by suggesting that the upper lobe （Santonian -Maastrichtian） is instead derived from a restricted catchment within southern Australia. Hf isotopic data presented here fingerprint the original source of the upper delta lobe zircons to NE Australia, with data comparing well with similar U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic data from the Lachlan Orogen, the New England Orogen, the eastern Musgraves Province and the northern Flinders Ranges. These data do not preclude a model where the lobe is derived from recycled Eromanga Basin sediments during a phase of late Cretaceous inland Australian uplift, but when coupled with reconnaissance low-temperature thermochronometry from the region of the Ceduna River course indicating widespread Triassic-Jurassic exhumation, and comparisons with detrital zircon data from the Winton Formation upstream of any proposed uplift, we suggest that both lobes of the Ceduna Delta are likely to be derived from a transcontinental Ceduna River.
文摘Objective: to study and analyze the application value of "bighting burst" therapy combined with chiropractic therapy in children with diarrhea disease. Methods: into our hospital in January 2019 to December 2021 for children with diarrhea disease 62 cases, random digital table is divided into research group, control group, each 31 cases, all using conventional western medicine treatment, give suspension and bifidobacterium oral drugs, study group children with "bighting burst" therapy combined chiropractic treatment, the two groups of children efficacy, main integral and inflammatory condition. Results: after 1 week of treatment, the study group was higher than the control group, and the CR and PCT levels were lower than the control group, which were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: the application of "bighting burst" therapy and chiropractic therapy in children with diarrhea disease helps to improve the efficacy, promote the improvement of symptoms and signs, and effectively control the inflammatory condition.
