Background Adolescents’subjective well-being(SWB)is strongly linked to mental health,academic achievement,social relationships,and quality of life,and is a key predictor of life outcomes in adulthood.Mental health an...Background Adolescents’subjective well-being(SWB)is strongly linked to mental health,academic achievement,social relationships,and quality of life,and is a key predictor of life outcomes in adulthood.Mental health and addictive behaviors are the two main factors influencing SWB.This study aimed to identify key mental health and addictive behavior factors associated with adolescent SWB through machine learning models.Methods The data for this study comes from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children(HBSC)survey 2017/18.The study data contains health data from 60,450 adolescents aged 10–16 years.The study used the XGBoost machine learning model to analyze the impact of mental health and addictive behaviors on adolescent SWB.Gain was used to analyze the significance of the variables.The direction of action of the variables and the interaction between the variables were analyzed using the SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method.Results The model in this study has an accuracy of 86.7%and an AUC value of 0.85,showing its good predictive performance.Six key variables were filtered through Gain analysis.Feeling low and health as the two most important factors affecting SWB,with these two variables contributing 51.38%and 19.65%,respectively.Friends and thinking body as major factors influencing SWB in mental health.Smoking lifetime and sweets as major factors influencing SWB in addictive behaviors.The interactions and characteristic dependencies between these variables were further analyzed.The results showed that feeling low,friends,and sweets had a positive effect on SWB,while health and smoking lifetime showed a negative effect.In addition,a moderate thinking body contributes to SWB,whereas being too fat and too thin are both associated with decreased levels of SWB.Conclusion Mental health and addictive behavioral factors such as feeling low,friends,sweets,and smoking lifetime were significant factors influencing SWB.This provides a scientific basis for the development of public health policies and interventions aimed at enhancing adolescent well-being.展开更多
Background: From the two facts reported by previous research: 1) frequent co-occurrence of more than one addictive behavior, 2) childhood adversities identified as origins of different types of addictive behaviors, it...Background: From the two facts reported by previous research: 1) frequent co-occurrence of more than one addictive behavior, 2) childhood adversities identified as origins of different types of addictive behaviors, it is assumed that all types of addictive behaviors, regardless of substance, behavioral, or relationship, share common factors which have not yet been proven by epidemiological research. The Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire (SPQ) was previously developed to assess 16 types of addictive behaviors. Its factor structure, however, has not been fully investigated. Confirming the factor structure will enable us to hypothesize the common factor(s) shared by all, or if not all, most types of addictive behaviors. Aims: This study aimed at 1) examining the factor structure of the SPQ, 2) confirming the reliability of the questionnaire, and 3) examining the impacts of gender and age on each addictive behavior. Methods: Data obtained from 232 Japanese adults who completed all items of the SPQ were used for the analyses. After confirming the one-factor structure model for each of the 16 subscales, the validity of the one-factor structure of the SPQ was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), by adapting 16 subscale scores as observed variables. If its validity was not confirmed, another model which showed better compatibility to the data was explored. The reliability of the SPQ as well as that of all 16 subscales was evaluated. Also, the impacts of gender and age on each subscale score were examined. Results: The one-factor structure for each of the 16 subscales was confirmed. The compatibility of the SPQ one-factor model was not acceptable. The best fit model was a bi-factor model in which one main factor was shared by all 16 subscales, and three factors were shared by some specific addictive behaviors. Male respondents were more likely than female respondents to show high scores in Alcohol, Tobacco, Gambling, Sex, and Recreational Drugs, and low scores only in Shopping. Respondents’ age did not impact any of the 16 subscale scores. Conclusion: It was demonstrated that there are common factors shared by all different types, as well as selected types of addictive behaviors, by conducting CFAs of the SPQ. Reliability was proven for the SPQ and for all 16 subscales. Male respondents were more likely to show physically hedonic addictive behaviors.展开更多
Liver transplantation(LT)is the gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease.Whatever the primary indication of LT,substance abuse after surgery may decrease survival rates and quality of life.Prevalence of sev...Liver transplantation(LT)is the gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease.Whatever the primary indication of LT,substance abuse after surgery may decrease survival rates and quality of life.Prevalence of severe alcohol relapse is between 11 and 26%,and reduces life expectancy regardless of the primary indication of LT.Many patients on waiting lists for LT are smokers and this is a major risk factor for both malignant tumors and cardiovascular events post-surgery.The aim of this review is to describe psychoactive substance consumption after LT,and to assess the impact on liver transplant recipients.This review describes data about alcohol and illicit drug use by transplant recipients and suggests guidelines for behavior management after surgery.The presence of an addiction specialist in a LT team seems to be very important.展开更多
This study is a contribution to basic research on narcissism shown on addic<span>tive behavior. A new biosystematic model of narcissism underlying addictive </span><span>behavior is outlined. Basical...This study is a contribution to basic research on narcissism shown on addic<span>tive behavior. A new biosystematic model of narcissism underlying addictive </span><span>behavior is outlined. Basically, normal narcissism is defined as the</span> self-reference of living systems maintaining their circular organization and identity. The communication between narcissistic systems follows the narcissistic logic of fitting or non-fitting of structures (a third possibility is excluded) shown on geometric diagrams. From this model of narcissistic interactions with the environment, addictive behavior is deduced. If the narcissistic desire for the ideal objects cannot be satisfied in the environment, the narcissist attempts to cope with this lack of intended objects by abuse of addictive substances. This leads to an overexpression of receptors in pertinent brain areas that may underly craving on the behavioral level, interpreted as pseudo satisfaction of narcissistic desires</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">—<span>destiny becomes an addiction. In conclusion, the significance of the biosystematic model of narcissism for the understanding of addictive communication and the psychopathology of depression is briefly discussed.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.Th...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.The published version showed“Hongzhen Chen”,whereas the correct spelling should be“Hongzheng Chen”.The correct author name has been provided in this Correction,and the original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing s...Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.展开更多
This review critically examines gaming addiction within the contexts of media psychology and addiction theory.It outlines a continuum of gaming behavior,from casual play to addiction,characterized by loss of control,p...This review critically examines gaming addiction within the contexts of media psychology and addiction theory.It outlines a continuum of gaming behavior,from casual play to addiction,characterized by loss of control,prioritizing gaming over other activities,and negative life consequences.The inclusion of gaming disorder in International Classification of Disease 11 and its provisional status in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5 highlight growing clinical and societal recognition.The review explores neural correlates of gaming addiction,such as activation in reward-related brain regions,drawing parallels with substance addiction.It highlights how media and marketing promote gaming behaviors potentially leading to addiction,raising ethical concerns about game design and advertising.The review systematically analyzes the negative physical,mental,social,and occupational impacts of gaming addiction.It advocates for a balanced approach emphasizing awareness,therapeutic interventions,and responsible media practices,while also proposing areas for future research and policy development to mitigate the risks of excessive gaming.展开更多
Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep perf...Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep performing the same behavior,leading to missing and false detection issues in existing behavior recognition methods.A high-low frequency aggregated attention and negative sample comprehensive score loss and comprehensive score soft non-maximum suppression-YOLO(HLNC-YOLO)was proposed for identifying the behavior of Hu sheep,addressing the issues of missed and erroneous detections caused by occlusion between Hu sheep in intensive farming.Firstly,images of four typical behaviors-standing,lying,eating,and drinking-were collected from the sheep farm to construct the Hu sheep behavior dataset(HSBD).Next,to solve the occlusion issues,during the training phase,the C2F-HLAtt module was integrated,which combined high-low frequency aggregation attention,into the YOLO v8 Backbone to perceive occluded objects and introduce an auxiliary reversible branch to retain more effective features.Using comprehensive score regression loss(CSLoss)to reduce the scores of suboptimal boxes and enhance the comprehensive scores of occluded object boxes.Finally,the soft comprehensive score non-maximal suppression(Soft-CS-NMS)algorithm filtered prediction boxes during the inferencing.Testing on the HSBD,HLNC-YOLO achieved a mean average precision(mAP@50)of 87.8%,with a memory footprint of 17.4 MB.This represented an improvement of 7.1,2.2,4.6,and 11 percentage points over YOLO v8,YOLO v9,YOLO v10,and Faster R-CNN,respectively.Research indicated that the HLNC-YOLO accurately identified the behavior of Hu sheep in intensive farming and possessed generalization capabilities,providing technical support for smart farming.展开更多
To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator a...To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator at temperatures of 380-440℃and strain rates of 0.05-1 s^(−1).The Johnson-Cook model,Hensel-Spittel model,strain-compensated Arrhenius model,and critical fracture strain model were established.Results show that through the evaluation of the models using the correlation coefficient(R)and the average absolute relative error,the strain-compensated Arrhenius model can represent the flow behavior of the alloy more accurately.Shear bands are more pronounced in the as-homogenized specimens,whereas dynamic recrystallization is predominantly observed in as-rolled specimens.Fracture morphology analysis reveals that a mixed fracture mechanism is prevalent in the as-homogenized specimen,whereas a ductile fracture mechanism is predominant in the as-rolled specimen.The processing maps indicate that the unstable region is reduced in the as-rolled specimens compared with that in the as-homogenized specimens.The optimal hot working windows for the as-homogenized and as-rolled specimens are determined as 410-440℃/0.14-1 s^(−1)and 380-400℃/0.05-0.29 s^(−1),respectively.展开更多
In this article,by employing the Hirota bilinear approach and the long wave limit method,we not only derive soliton solutions,lump solutions,and hybrid solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Yu-Toda-Sasa-Fukuyama(YTSF)equ...In this article,by employing the Hirota bilinear approach and the long wave limit method,we not only derive soliton solutions,lump solutions,and hybrid solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Yu-Toda-Sasa-Fukuyama(YTSF)equation,but also analyze the dynamical behaviors of nonlinear local wave propagation in shallow water.Firstly,based on the Hirota bilinear approach,one to four-order soliton solutions of the YTSF equation are obtained,and the effects of different parameters on the amplitude,propagation trajectory,and displacement of solitons are investigated.Secondly,using the long wave limit approach,one to three-order lump solutions and various physical quantities of the YTSF equation are derived.It is found that the real and imaginary parts of the parameter pi dominate the propagation trajectory and the shape of lump waves,respectively.Furthermore,we construct the hybrid solution for the YTSF equation,leading to the conclusion that the interaction between lumps and solitons constitutes an elastic collision.To intuitively understand the dynamic behaviors of these solutions,we conduct numerical simulations to present vivid three-dimensional visualizations.展开更多
Eco-driving behaviors have been recommended around the world because the transport is a key factor of energy use and pollution emissions.Therefore,based on the driving decision model,this paper introduces three aspect...Eco-driving behaviors have been recommended around the world because the transport is a key factor of energy use and pollution emissions.Therefore,based on the driving decision model,this paper introduces three aspects of the driving decisions(strategic decision,tactical decision and operation decision)to analyze the economy of vehicle energy.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to assign the weight of the internal evaluation indexes,so as to form a complete assessment for drivers'eco-driving behaviors.The research result can not only quantitatively describe the energy-saving effect of drivers'decisions,but also put forward targeted driving suggestions to optimize drivers'eco-driving behaviors.This assessment model helps to clarify the potential of eco-driving on energy economy of transportation in a hierarchical way,and provides a valuable theoretical basis for the further promotion and application of eco-driving education.展开更多
The partial discharge occurring in the weak part of the insulation of a converter transformer results in the formation of a large number of bubbles in the insulating oil.The migration,deformation,and other dynamic beh...The partial discharge occurring in the weak part of the insulation of a converter transformer results in the formation of a large number of bubbles in the insulating oil.The migration,deformation,and other dynamic behaviors of bubbles in the region of a strong electric field can cause them to easily accumulate into“small bridges”of impurities that can lead to breakdown of the oil gap.The authors of this study experimentally investigate and discuss the mechanisms of migration and deformation of bubbles in oil during partial discharge under composite AC/DC voltage to clarify their dynamic behaviors.The influence of the initial position of the bubbles on their trajectory of migration and velocity as well as the morphological changes occurring in them are analyzed using numerical simulations.The results show that the bubbles move away from the strong electric field due to the action of the dielectrophoretic force.The interface of the bubbles is longitudinally stretched under the action of the electrostrictive force and the vertical component of the drag force and gradually recovers to assume a spherical shape under the influence of surface tension and the horizontal component of the drag force.展开更多
With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and exc...With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and excessive model parameters in worker violation detection,this study proposes ADCP-YOLO,an enhanced lightweight model based on YOLOv8.Here,“ADCP”represents four key improvements:Alterable Kernel Convolution(AKConv),Dilated-Wise Residual(DWR)module,Channel Reconstruction Global Attention Mechanism(CRGAM),and Powerful-IoU loss.These components collaboratively enhance feature extraction,multi-scale perception,and localization accuracy while effectively reducing model complexity and computational cost.Experimental results show that ADCP-YOLO achieves a mAP of 90.6%,surpassing YOLOv8 by 3.0%with a 6.6%reduction in parameters.These findings demonstrate that ADCP-YOLO successfully balances accuracy and efficiency,offering a practical solution for intelligent safety monitoring in smart factory workshops.展开更多
Loess landslides are major hazards in the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP).The loess in this region is frequently subjected to repeated wetting–drying(W-D)cycles due to climatic factors,which significantly increases the li...Loess landslides are major hazards in the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP).The loess in this region is frequently subjected to repeated wetting–drying(W-D)cycles due to climatic factors,which significantly increases the likelihood of landslides.Therefore,investigating the shear behavior and microstructural evolution of loess under climate-induced W-D cycles is crucial to understanding the mechanisms of loess landslides.In this study,Malan loess is analyzed using unsaturated triaxial tests,resistivity tests,scanning electron microscopy,and mercury intrusion porosimetry.The test results show that shear strength decreases with increased W-D cycles,and the degradation effect is more pronounced under lower confining pressure.The variations in conductive pathways indicate that electrical resistivity can effectively reflect the structural damage of loess during W-D cycles,which is associated with increased direct point contacts and spaced pores.Aggregation of clay particles and growth of cracks during the W-D cycles can further destabilize the loess microstructure.As the confining pressure increases,crushed particles rearrange and convert spaced pores into intergranular pores.The number and peak intensity of dominant spaced pores decrease,resulting in a more stable structure.This study clarifies the mechanisms of loess landslides under W-D cycles and provides theoretical support for landslide prevention and control in the CLP.展开更多
Objective: To understand the current status of peer caring behavior and empathy among undergraduate nursing students and to explore the relationship between the two. Method: Using the convenience sampling method, a qu...Objective: To understand the current status of peer caring behavior and empathy among undergraduate nursing students and to explore the relationship between the two. Method: Using the convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 292 nursing students from a medical college in Jiangxi Province, using the Peer Caring Behavior Scale and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. Results: The score for peer caring behavior among undergraduate nursing students was 85.00 (78.00-92.00), and the score for empathy was 101.00 (92.00-110.00). A positive correlation was found between the two (r = 0.362, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The level of peer caring behavior among undergraduate nursing students is above average, while their empathy level is moderate, with a positive correlation between the two. This suggests that nursing educators should strengthen the development of peer caring behavior, which may help enhance the empathy of undergraduate nursing students.展开更多
This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low...This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)steel in industrially polluted environments.The corrosion process of 650 MPa HSLA steel occurred in two distinct stages:an initial corrosion stage and a stable corrosion stage.During the initial phase,the weight loss rate increased rapidly owing to the instability of the rust layer.Notably,this study demonstrated that 650 MPa HSLA steel exhibited superior corrosion resistance in Cl-containing environments.The formation of a corrosion-product film eventually reduced the weight-loss rate.However,the intrusion of Cl^(-)at increasing concentrations gradually destabilized theα/γ^(*)phases of the rust layer,leading to a looser structure and lower polarization resistance(R_(p)).The application of corrosion big data technology in this study facilitated the validation and analysis of the experimental results,offering new insights into the corrosion mechanisms of HSLA steel in chloride-rich environments.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the impact of motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach on health behaviors in surgical care for bladder cancer patients. Methods: A sample of 72 bladder cancer patients who underw...Objective: To analyze the impact of motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach on health behaviors in surgical care for bladder cancer patients. Methods: A sample of 72 bladder cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment from September 2024 to September 2025 was randomly divided into groups using a random number table. Group A received motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach, while Group B received conventional nursing. Health behavior scores and complication indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: Group A had higher scores on the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-Ⅱ) than Group B, with p < 0.05. The postoperative complication rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B, with p < 0.05. Conclusion: For bladder cancer patients undergoing surgery, receiving motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach can improve health behaviors, alleviate negative emotions, and is highly feasible and effective.展开更多
The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or...The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.展开更多
Phosphorus tends to migrate into metallic iron during the direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore,leading to undesirable phosphorus enrichment in metallic iron.However,the underlying reduction and migrati...Phosphorus tends to migrate into metallic iron during the direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore,leading to undesirable phosphorus enrichment in metallic iron.However,the underlying reduction and migration mechanisms remain poorly understood.Phosphorus behavior during coal-based reduction was systematically investigated through theoretical modeling and experimental approaches.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the carbon reduction of solid Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)to gaseous P_(2)requires temperatures exceeding 1400℃.Notably,this threshold significantly decreases to 1130.5℃in the presence of SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3).Further investigations demonstrated that Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)co-reduces with Fe_(x)O_(γ)in the presence of SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe_(x)O_(γ),forming Fe_(3)P(instead of gaseous P_(2))at a markedly lower temperature of 778.7℃.Mechanistic studies indicate that the inherent thermal stability of Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)inhibits the generation of reactive[P_(2)O_(5)].However,SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)coexistence destabilizes Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)while exponentially enhancing[P_(2)O_(5)]activity.This synergistic effect dramatically promotes the phosphorus mineral reduction.Characterization confirmed that Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)migrated into the slag phase(4FeO·Al_(2)O_(3)·3SiO_(2)·CaO·P_(2)O_(5)).Subsequently,the reactive P_(2)O_(5)in slag is reduced with metallic iron to form Fe_(3)P,which further dissolves into theα-Fe matrix through solid-state diffusion,ultimately generating Fe-P solid solutions.展开更多
Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy ...Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy adopted by birds,refuges in habitats reduce or eliminate predation risk.Therefore,creating habitats with suitable refuges for birds has significant implications for their conservation.However,there have been few studies on refuge selection in birds.This study examined the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)and Oriental Magpie(Pica serica)in urban and rural areas of Chengde City,northern China by measuring their alert distance(AD),flight initiation distance(FID),an d distance fled(DF)and analyzed their refuge selection characteristics after escaping.The FID/AD ratio was employed to assess the behavioral differences of birds in the risk trade-off.The results showed that the FID and FID/AD of both species were lower in urban areas than in rural areas and were negatively correlated with immediate human density.Sparrow FID was significantly affected by group size and landing substrate type.The FID of sparrows was positively correlated with the group size.The sparrows that fled to bushes escaped earlier.In urban and rural areas,sparrows exhibited significantly lower FID,DF,and FID/AD than magpies.The species adopted different refuge selection strategies,with magpies preferentially selecting trees with greater vertical height and sparrows selecting both trees and bushes.Further analysis indicated that the horizontal and vertical distances fled of both species were lower when fleeing to bushes.Urban planning and conservation areas construction should incorporate the ecological needs of local bird species to rationally configure their habitat structure,thereby optimizing the effect of avian conservation.展开更多
基金funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(GrantNo.24CTJ019).
文摘Background Adolescents’subjective well-being(SWB)is strongly linked to mental health,academic achievement,social relationships,and quality of life,and is a key predictor of life outcomes in adulthood.Mental health and addictive behaviors are the two main factors influencing SWB.This study aimed to identify key mental health and addictive behavior factors associated with adolescent SWB through machine learning models.Methods The data for this study comes from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children(HBSC)survey 2017/18.The study data contains health data from 60,450 adolescents aged 10–16 years.The study used the XGBoost machine learning model to analyze the impact of mental health and addictive behaviors on adolescent SWB.Gain was used to analyze the significance of the variables.The direction of action of the variables and the interaction between the variables were analyzed using the SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method.Results The model in this study has an accuracy of 86.7%and an AUC value of 0.85,showing its good predictive performance.Six key variables were filtered through Gain analysis.Feeling low and health as the two most important factors affecting SWB,with these two variables contributing 51.38%and 19.65%,respectively.Friends and thinking body as major factors influencing SWB in mental health.Smoking lifetime and sweets as major factors influencing SWB in addictive behaviors.The interactions and characteristic dependencies between these variables were further analyzed.The results showed that feeling low,friends,and sweets had a positive effect on SWB,while health and smoking lifetime showed a negative effect.In addition,a moderate thinking body contributes to SWB,whereas being too fat and too thin are both associated with decreased levels of SWB.Conclusion Mental health and addictive behavioral factors such as feeling low,friends,sweets,and smoking lifetime were significant factors influencing SWB.This provides a scientific basis for the development of public health policies and interventions aimed at enhancing adolescent well-being.
文摘Background: From the two facts reported by previous research: 1) frequent co-occurrence of more than one addictive behavior, 2) childhood adversities identified as origins of different types of addictive behaviors, it is assumed that all types of addictive behaviors, regardless of substance, behavioral, or relationship, share common factors which have not yet been proven by epidemiological research. The Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire (SPQ) was previously developed to assess 16 types of addictive behaviors. Its factor structure, however, has not been fully investigated. Confirming the factor structure will enable us to hypothesize the common factor(s) shared by all, or if not all, most types of addictive behaviors. Aims: This study aimed at 1) examining the factor structure of the SPQ, 2) confirming the reliability of the questionnaire, and 3) examining the impacts of gender and age on each addictive behavior. Methods: Data obtained from 232 Japanese adults who completed all items of the SPQ were used for the analyses. After confirming the one-factor structure model for each of the 16 subscales, the validity of the one-factor structure of the SPQ was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), by adapting 16 subscale scores as observed variables. If its validity was not confirmed, another model which showed better compatibility to the data was explored. The reliability of the SPQ as well as that of all 16 subscales was evaluated. Also, the impacts of gender and age on each subscale score were examined. Results: The one-factor structure for each of the 16 subscales was confirmed. The compatibility of the SPQ one-factor model was not acceptable. The best fit model was a bi-factor model in which one main factor was shared by all 16 subscales, and three factors were shared by some specific addictive behaviors. Male respondents were more likely than female respondents to show high scores in Alcohol, Tobacco, Gambling, Sex, and Recreational Drugs, and low scores only in Shopping. Respondents’ age did not impact any of the 16 subscale scores. Conclusion: It was demonstrated that there are common factors shared by all different types, as well as selected types of addictive behaviors, by conducting CFAs of the SPQ. Reliability was proven for the SPQ and for all 16 subscales. Male respondents were more likely to show physically hedonic addictive behaviors.
文摘Liver transplantation(LT)is the gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease.Whatever the primary indication of LT,substance abuse after surgery may decrease survival rates and quality of life.Prevalence of severe alcohol relapse is between 11 and 26%,and reduces life expectancy regardless of the primary indication of LT.Many patients on waiting lists for LT are smokers and this is a major risk factor for both malignant tumors and cardiovascular events post-surgery.The aim of this review is to describe psychoactive substance consumption after LT,and to assess the impact on liver transplant recipients.This review describes data about alcohol and illicit drug use by transplant recipients and suggests guidelines for behavior management after surgery.The presence of an addiction specialist in a LT team seems to be very important.
文摘This study is a contribution to basic research on narcissism shown on addic<span>tive behavior. A new biosystematic model of narcissism underlying addictive </span><span>behavior is outlined. Basically, normal narcissism is defined as the</span> self-reference of living systems maintaining their circular organization and identity. The communication between narcissistic systems follows the narcissistic logic of fitting or non-fitting of structures (a third possibility is excluded) shown on geometric diagrams. From this model of narcissistic interactions with the environment, addictive behavior is deduced. If the narcissistic desire for the ideal objects cannot be satisfied in the environment, the narcissist attempts to cope with this lack of intended objects by abuse of addictive substances. This leads to an overexpression of receptors in pertinent brain areas that may underly craving on the behavioral level, interpreted as pseudo satisfaction of narcissistic desires</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">—<span>destiny becomes an addiction. In conclusion, the significance of the biosystematic model of narcissism for the understanding of addictive communication and the psychopathology of depression is briefly discussed.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.The published version showed“Hongzhen Chen”,whereas the correct spelling should be“Hongzheng Chen”.The correct author name has been provided in this Correction,and the original article[1]has been corrected.
文摘Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.
文摘This review critically examines gaming addiction within the contexts of media psychology and addiction theory.It outlines a continuum of gaming behavior,from casual play to addiction,characterized by loss of control,prioritizing gaming over other activities,and negative life consequences.The inclusion of gaming disorder in International Classification of Disease 11 and its provisional status in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5 highlight growing clinical and societal recognition.The review explores neural correlates of gaming addiction,such as activation in reward-related brain regions,drawing parallels with substance addiction.It highlights how media and marketing promote gaming behaviors potentially leading to addiction,raising ethical concerns about game design and advertising.The review systematically analyzes the negative physical,mental,social,and occupational impacts of gaming addiction.It advocates for a balanced approach emphasizing awareness,therapeutic interventions,and responsible media practices,while also proposing areas for future research and policy development to mitigate the risks of excessive gaming.
文摘Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep performing the same behavior,leading to missing and false detection issues in existing behavior recognition methods.A high-low frequency aggregated attention and negative sample comprehensive score loss and comprehensive score soft non-maximum suppression-YOLO(HLNC-YOLO)was proposed for identifying the behavior of Hu sheep,addressing the issues of missed and erroneous detections caused by occlusion between Hu sheep in intensive farming.Firstly,images of four typical behaviors-standing,lying,eating,and drinking-were collected from the sheep farm to construct the Hu sheep behavior dataset(HSBD).Next,to solve the occlusion issues,during the training phase,the C2F-HLAtt module was integrated,which combined high-low frequency aggregation attention,into the YOLO v8 Backbone to perceive occluded objects and introduce an auxiliary reversible branch to retain more effective features.Using comprehensive score regression loss(CSLoss)to reduce the scores of suboptimal boxes and enhance the comprehensive scores of occluded object boxes.Finally,the soft comprehensive score non-maximal suppression(Soft-CS-NMS)algorithm filtered prediction boxes during the inferencing.Testing on the HSBD,HLNC-YOLO achieved a mean average precision(mAP@50)of 87.8%,with a memory footprint of 17.4 MB.This represented an improvement of 7.1,2.2,4.6,and 11 percentage points over YOLO v8,YOLO v9,YOLO v10,and Faster R-CNN,respectively.Research indicated that the HLNC-YOLO accurately identified the behavior of Hu sheep in intensive farming and possessed generalization capabilities,providing technical support for smart farming.
文摘To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator at temperatures of 380-440℃and strain rates of 0.05-1 s^(−1).The Johnson-Cook model,Hensel-Spittel model,strain-compensated Arrhenius model,and critical fracture strain model were established.Results show that through the evaluation of the models using the correlation coefficient(R)and the average absolute relative error,the strain-compensated Arrhenius model can represent the flow behavior of the alloy more accurately.Shear bands are more pronounced in the as-homogenized specimens,whereas dynamic recrystallization is predominantly observed in as-rolled specimens.Fracture morphology analysis reveals that a mixed fracture mechanism is prevalent in the as-homogenized specimen,whereas a ductile fracture mechanism is predominant in the as-rolled specimen.The processing maps indicate that the unstable region is reduced in the as-rolled specimens compared with that in the as-homogenized specimens.The optimal hot working windows for the as-homogenized and as-rolled specimens are determined as 410-440℃/0.14-1 s^(−1)and 380-400℃/0.05-0.29 s^(−1),respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12001424,12271324)the Natural Science Basic research program of Shaanxi Province(2021JZ-21)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M673332)Xi’an University,Xi’an Science and Technology Plan Wutongshu Technology Transfer Action Innovation Team(25WTZD07)。
文摘In this article,by employing the Hirota bilinear approach and the long wave limit method,we not only derive soliton solutions,lump solutions,and hybrid solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Yu-Toda-Sasa-Fukuyama(YTSF)equation,but also analyze the dynamical behaviors of nonlinear local wave propagation in shallow water.Firstly,based on the Hirota bilinear approach,one to four-order soliton solutions of the YTSF equation are obtained,and the effects of different parameters on the amplitude,propagation trajectory,and displacement of solitons are investigated.Secondly,using the long wave limit approach,one to three-order lump solutions and various physical quantities of the YTSF equation are derived.It is found that the real and imaginary parts of the parameter pi dominate the propagation trajectory and the shape of lump waves,respectively.Furthermore,we construct the hybrid solution for the YTSF equation,leading to the conclusion that the interaction between lumps and solitons constitutes an elastic collision.To intuitively understand the dynamic behaviors of these solutions,we conduct numerical simulations to present vivid three-dimensional visualizations.
文摘Eco-driving behaviors have been recommended around the world because the transport is a key factor of energy use and pollution emissions.Therefore,based on the driving decision model,this paper introduces three aspects of the driving decisions(strategic decision,tactical decision and operation decision)to analyze the economy of vehicle energy.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to assign the weight of the internal evaluation indexes,so as to form a complete assessment for drivers'eco-driving behaviors.The research result can not only quantitatively describe the energy-saving effect of drivers'decisions,but also put forward targeted driving suggestions to optimize drivers'eco-driving behaviors.This assessment model helps to clarify the potential of eco-driving on energy economy of transportation in a hierarchical way,and provides a valuable theoretical basis for the further promotion and application of eco-driving education.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1966209)the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(NCEPU,LAPS22001).
文摘The partial discharge occurring in the weak part of the insulation of a converter transformer results in the formation of a large number of bubbles in the insulating oil.The migration,deformation,and other dynamic behaviors of bubbles in the region of a strong electric field can cause them to easily accumulate into“small bridges”of impurities that can lead to breakdown of the oil gap.The authors of this study experimentally investigate and discuss the mechanisms of migration and deformation of bubbles in oil during partial discharge under composite AC/DC voltage to clarify their dynamic behaviors.The influence of the initial position of the bubbles on their trajectory of migration and velocity as well as the morphological changes occurring in them are analyzed using numerical simulations.The results show that the bubbles move away from the strong electric field due to the action of the dielectrophoretic force.The interface of the bubbles is longitudinally stretched under the action of the electrostrictive force and the vertical component of the drag force and gradually recovers to assume a spherical shape under the influence of surface tension and the horizontal component of the drag force.
基金TheNationalNatural Science Foundation ofChina(Nos.62272418,62102058)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Major Project(No.LD24F020004)the Major Open Project of Key Laboratory for Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing of the Ministry of Education(No.ADIC2023ZD001).
文摘With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and excessive model parameters in worker violation detection,this study proposes ADCP-YOLO,an enhanced lightweight model based on YOLOv8.Here,“ADCP”represents four key improvements:Alterable Kernel Convolution(AKConv),Dilated-Wise Residual(DWR)module,Channel Reconstruction Global Attention Mechanism(CRGAM),and Powerful-IoU loss.These components collaboratively enhance feature extraction,multi-scale perception,and localization accuracy while effectively reducing model complexity and computational cost.Experimental results show that ADCP-YOLO achieves a mAP of 90.6%,surpassing YOLOv8 by 3.0%with a 6.6%reduction in parameters.These findings demonstrate that ADCP-YOLO successfully balances accuracy and efficiency,offering a practical solution for intelligent safety monitoring in smart factory workshops.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42177138 and 41907239)the Central Guidance Funds for Local Science and Technology Development of China(Grant No.YDZJSX2025D031).
文摘Loess landslides are major hazards in the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP).The loess in this region is frequently subjected to repeated wetting–drying(W-D)cycles due to climatic factors,which significantly increases the likelihood of landslides.Therefore,investigating the shear behavior and microstructural evolution of loess under climate-induced W-D cycles is crucial to understanding the mechanisms of loess landslides.In this study,Malan loess is analyzed using unsaturated triaxial tests,resistivity tests,scanning electron microscopy,and mercury intrusion porosimetry.The test results show that shear strength decreases with increased W-D cycles,and the degradation effect is more pronounced under lower confining pressure.The variations in conductive pathways indicate that electrical resistivity can effectively reflect the structural damage of loess during W-D cycles,which is associated with increased direct point contacts and spaced pores.Aggregation of clay particles and growth of cracks during the W-D cycles can further destabilize the loess microstructure.As the confining pressure increases,crushed particles rearrange and convert spaced pores into intergranular pores.The number and peak intensity of dominant spaced pores decrease,resulting in a more stable structure.This study clarifies the mechanisms of loess landslides under W-D cycles and provides theoretical support for landslide prevention and control in the CLP.
基金2024 University-level Research Project of Fuzhou Medical College,Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University(Project No.:fykj202406)。
文摘Objective: To understand the current status of peer caring behavior and empathy among undergraduate nursing students and to explore the relationship between the two. Method: Using the convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 292 nursing students from a medical college in Jiangxi Province, using the Peer Caring Behavior Scale and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. Results: The score for peer caring behavior among undergraduate nursing students was 85.00 (78.00-92.00), and the score for empathy was 101.00 (92.00-110.00). A positive correlation was found between the two (r = 0.362, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The level of peer caring behavior among undergraduate nursing students is above average, while their empathy level is moderate, with a positive correlation between the two. This suggests that nursing educators should strengthen the development of peer caring behavior, which may help enhance the empathy of undergraduate nursing students.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104319 and 52374323)。
文摘This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)steel in industrially polluted environments.The corrosion process of 650 MPa HSLA steel occurred in two distinct stages:an initial corrosion stage and a stable corrosion stage.During the initial phase,the weight loss rate increased rapidly owing to the instability of the rust layer.Notably,this study demonstrated that 650 MPa HSLA steel exhibited superior corrosion resistance in Cl-containing environments.The formation of a corrosion-product film eventually reduced the weight-loss rate.However,the intrusion of Cl^(-)at increasing concentrations gradually destabilized theα/γ^(*)phases of the rust layer,leading to a looser structure and lower polarization resistance(R_(p)).The application of corrosion big data technology in this study facilitated the validation and analysis of the experimental results,offering new insights into the corrosion mechanisms of HSLA steel in chloride-rich environments.
文摘Objective: To analyze the impact of motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach on health behaviors in surgical care for bladder cancer patients. Methods: A sample of 72 bladder cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment from September 2024 to September 2025 was randomly divided into groups using a random number table. Group A received motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach, while Group B received conventional nursing. Health behavior scores and complication indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: Group A had higher scores on the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-Ⅱ) than Group B, with p < 0.05. The postoperative complication rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B, with p < 0.05. Conclusion: For bladder cancer patients undergoing surgery, receiving motivational nursing under the solution-focused approach can improve health behaviors, alleviate negative emotions, and is highly feasible and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42171135)the Science and Technology Program of CNOOC Research Institute(Grant No.2023OTKK03)the“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Project No.2022098).
文摘The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFC3903900 and 2023YFC3903904)the National Natural Science Foundation Youth Foundation of China(No.52404356)the China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation(No.BWLCF202216)。
文摘Phosphorus tends to migrate into metallic iron during the direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore,leading to undesirable phosphorus enrichment in metallic iron.However,the underlying reduction and migration mechanisms remain poorly understood.Phosphorus behavior during coal-based reduction was systematically investigated through theoretical modeling and experimental approaches.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the carbon reduction of solid Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)to gaseous P_(2)requires temperatures exceeding 1400℃.Notably,this threshold significantly decreases to 1130.5℃in the presence of SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3).Further investigations demonstrated that Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)co-reduces with Fe_(x)O_(γ)in the presence of SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe_(x)O_(γ),forming Fe_(3)P(instead of gaseous P_(2))at a markedly lower temperature of 778.7℃.Mechanistic studies indicate that the inherent thermal stability of Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)inhibits the generation of reactive[P_(2)O_(5)].However,SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)coexistence destabilizes Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)while exponentially enhancing[P_(2)O_(5)]activity.This synergistic effect dramatically promotes the phosphorus mineral reduction.Characterization confirmed that Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)migrated into the slag phase(4FeO·Al_(2)O_(3)·3SiO_(2)·CaO·P_(2)O_(5)).Subsequently,the reactive P_(2)O_(5)in slag is reduced with metallic iron to form Fe_(3)P,which further dissolves into theα-Fe matrix through solid-state diffusion,ultimately generating Fe-P solid solutions.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2025201032 to J.W.)High-Level Talents Research Start-Up Project of Hebei University(521100222044 to J.W.)+1 种基金the Huizhi Lead Innovation Space Project in High-tech Zone of Chengde City(HZLC202410 to L.M.)National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202510098011 to H.Z.)。
文摘Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy adopted by birds,refuges in habitats reduce or eliminate predation risk.Therefore,creating habitats with suitable refuges for birds has significant implications for their conservation.However,there have been few studies on refuge selection in birds.This study examined the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)and Oriental Magpie(Pica serica)in urban and rural areas of Chengde City,northern China by measuring their alert distance(AD),flight initiation distance(FID),an d distance fled(DF)and analyzed their refuge selection characteristics after escaping.The FID/AD ratio was employed to assess the behavioral differences of birds in the risk trade-off.The results showed that the FID and FID/AD of both species were lower in urban areas than in rural areas and were negatively correlated with immediate human density.Sparrow FID was significantly affected by group size and landing substrate type.The FID of sparrows was positively correlated with the group size.The sparrows that fled to bushes escaped earlier.In urban and rural areas,sparrows exhibited significantly lower FID,DF,and FID/AD than magpies.The species adopted different refuge selection strategies,with magpies preferentially selecting trees with greater vertical height and sparrows selecting both trees and bushes.Further analysis indicated that the horizontal and vertical distances fled of both species were lower when fleeing to bushes.Urban planning and conservation areas construction should incorporate the ecological needs of local bird species to rationally configure their habitat structure,thereby optimizing the effect of avian conservation.
