We present a rapid system for predicting beef tenderness by mimicking the human tactile sense.The detection system includes a FS pressure sensor,a power supply conversion circuit,a signal amplifier and a box in which ...We present a rapid system for predicting beef tenderness by mimicking the human tactile sense.The detection system includes a FS pressure sensor,a power supply conversion circuit,a signal amplifier and a box in which the sample is mounted.A sample of raw Longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle is placed in the measuring box;then a rod connected to the pressure sensor is pressed into the beef sample to a given depth;the reaction force of the beef sample is measured and used to predict the tenderness.Sensory evaluation and Warner-Bratzler Shear Force(WBSF)evaluation of samples from the same LD muscle are used for comparison.The new detection system agrees with established procedure 95%of the time,and the time to test a sample is less than 5 minutes.展开更多
miRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that perform post-transcriptional repression of target genes by binding to 3＇ untranslated regions. Research has found that miRNAs involved in the regulat...miRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that perform post-transcriptional repression of target genes by binding to 3＇ untranslated regions. Research has found that miRNAs involved in the regulation of many metabolic processes. Here we uncovered that the beef quality of Angus cattle sharply diversified after acute stress. By performing miRNA microarray analysis, 13 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in stressed group compared to control group. Using a bioinformatics method, 135 protein-coding genes were predicted as the targets of significant differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene Ontology （GO） term and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis （IPA） mined that these target genes involved in some important pathways, which may have impact on meat quality and beef tenderness.展开更多
Apoptosis encompasses various patterns such as death receptor pathway.However,the specific mechanisms by which these apoptotic patterns contribute to beef tenderization have not been clarified.In this study,changes in...Apoptosis encompasses various patterns such as death receptor pathway.However,the specific mechanisms by which these apoptotic patterns contribute to beef tenderization have not been clarified.In this study,changes in various apoptotic patterns of beef were determined and mitoquinone was selected for validation of postmortem apoptosis.Consequently,CYCS,BAX and APAF1 genes and proteins in mitochondrial apoptosis declined with postmortem time.AIFM1 genes and proteins in mitochondrial-DNA cross-linking also exhibit weaker expression.Similarly,FAS proteins in death receptor pathway,and CASP12 proteins in endoplasmic reticulum pathway showed a decreasing trend with postmortem time.These results indicate that numerous apoptotic patterns have a higher potential during early postmortem.Furthermore,mitoquinone decreased the expression of AIFM1,CYCS,BAX,BAK1,APAF1,CASP9,FAS,and CASP12 proteins,suggesting the inhibition of various apoptotic patterns.Mitoquinone also improved mitochondrial structure and restrained caspase-3 activity.Ultimately,mitoquinone reduced MFI and affected the integrity of sarcomere and Z-line.Thus,the increase in the levels of mitochondrial apoptosis,mitochondrial-DNA cross-linking,death receptor and endoplasmic reticulum pathway may promote the destruction of myofibrillar structure,suggesting a positive correlation between these apoptotic patterns and beef tenderization.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology Foundations of Jilin Province of China(Grant No.20060217)the Research Foundation for the Talents by the People's Government of Jilin Province
文摘We present a rapid system for predicting beef tenderness by mimicking the human tactile sense.The detection system includes a FS pressure sensor,a power supply conversion circuit,a signal amplifier and a box in which the sample is mounted.A sample of raw Longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle is placed in the measuring box;then a rod connected to the pressure sensor is pressed into the beef sample to a given depth;the reaction force of the beef sample is measured and used to predict the tenderness.Sensory evaluation and Warner-Bratzler Shear Force(WBSF)evaluation of samples from the same LD muscle are used for comparison.The new detection system agrees with established procedure 95%of the time,and the time to test a sample is less than 5 minutes.
基金supported by Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station and Jorgensen Endowment Funds
文摘miRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that perform post-transcriptional repression of target genes by binding to 3＇ untranslated regions. Research has found that miRNAs involved in the regulation of many metabolic processes. Here we uncovered that the beef quality of Angus cattle sharply diversified after acute stress. By performing miRNA microarray analysis, 13 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in stressed group compared to control group. Using a bioinformatics method, 135 protein-coding genes were predicted as the targets of significant differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene Ontology （GO） term and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis （IPA） mined that these target genes involved in some important pathways, which may have impact on meat quality and beef tenderness.
基金The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project(ASTIP-IAS-12).
文摘Apoptosis encompasses various patterns such as death receptor pathway.However,the specific mechanisms by which these apoptotic patterns contribute to beef tenderization have not been clarified.In this study,changes in various apoptotic patterns of beef were determined and mitoquinone was selected for validation of postmortem apoptosis.Consequently,CYCS,BAX and APAF1 genes and proteins in mitochondrial apoptosis declined with postmortem time.AIFM1 genes and proteins in mitochondrial-DNA cross-linking also exhibit weaker expression.Similarly,FAS proteins in death receptor pathway,and CASP12 proteins in endoplasmic reticulum pathway showed a decreasing trend with postmortem time.These results indicate that numerous apoptotic patterns have a higher potential during early postmortem.Furthermore,mitoquinone decreased the expression of AIFM1,CYCS,BAX,BAK1,APAF1,CASP9,FAS,and CASP12 proteins,suggesting the inhibition of various apoptotic patterns.Mitoquinone also improved mitochondrial structure and restrained caspase-3 activity.Ultimately,mitoquinone reduced MFI and affected the integrity of sarcomere and Z-line.Thus,the increase in the levels of mitochondrial apoptosis,mitochondrial-DNA cross-linking,death receptor and endoplasmic reticulum pathway may promote the destruction of myofibrillar structure,suggesting a positive correlation between these apoptotic patterns and beef tenderization.
