Indirect approaches to estimation of biomass factors are often applied to measure carbon flux in the forestry sector. An assumption underlying a country-level carbon stock estimate is the representativeness of these f...Indirect approaches to estimation of biomass factors are often applied to measure carbon flux in the forestry sector. An assumption underlying a country-level carbon stock estimate is the representativeness of these factors. Although intensive studies have been conducted to quantify biomass factors, each study typically covers a limited geographic area. The goal of this study was to employ a meta-analysis approach to develop regional bio- mass factors for Quercus mongolica forests in South Korea. The biomass factors of interest were biomass conversion and expansion factor （BCEF）, biomass expansion factor （BEF） and root-to-shoot ratio （RSR）. Our objectives were to select probability density functions （PDFs） that best fitted the three biomass factors and to quantify their means and uncertainties. A total of 12 scientific publications were selected as data sources based on a set of criteria. Fromthese publications we chose 52 study sites spread out across South Korea. The statistical model for the meta- analysis was a multilevel model with publication （data source） as the nesting factor specified under the Bayesian framework. Gamma, Log-normal and Weibull PDFs were evaluated. The Log-normal PDF yielded the best quanti- tative and qualitative fit for the three biomass factors. However, a poor fit of the PDF to the long right tail of observed BEF and RSR distributions was apparent. The median posterior estimates for means and 95 % credible intervals for BCEF, BEF and RSR across all 12 publica- tions were 1.016 （0.800-1.299）, 1.414 （1.304-1.560） and 0.260 （0.200-0.335）, respectively. The Log-normal PDF proved useful for estimating carbon stock of Q. mongolica forests on a regional scale and for uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate...BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum cholinesterase(ChE)activity—specifically butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)—and the risk of POD in adult surgical patients in a meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 28,2025 for studies reporting preoperative serum BuChE or AChE activity in relation to subsequent POD incidence.Standardized mean differences(SMDs)and odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using random-effects models.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on follow-up duration and analytic models.RESULTS Thirteen studies(n=2730 patients)were included.Patients who developed POD had significantly lower preoperative BuChE activity than those who did not(SMD=-0.28;95%CI:-0.39 to-0.16;I^(2)=18%).Higher BuChE activity was associated with a reduced risk of POD(OR per 100 unit increment=0.97;95%CI:0.95-0.99;I2=0%).In contrast,pooled AChE activity did not differ significantly between POD and non-POD groups(SMD=-0.25;95%CI:-0.53 to 0.03;P=0.08;I^(2)=80%),and the ORs per 1 unit increment in AChE activity were not statistically significant(OR=0.98;95%CI:0.95-1.01).CONCLUSION Lower preoperative serum BuChE activity is associated with an increased risk of POD in adults undergoing surgery.BuChE activity may serve as a potential preoperative biomarker for POD risk stratification.展开更多
Multivitamins were widely used health supplements that replenished essential nutrients in the human body.Despite their popularity,the impact of multivitamins on the cognitive function of older adults remained unclear ...Multivitamins were widely used health supplements that replenished essential nutrients in the human body.Despite their popularity,the impact of multivitamins on the cognitive function of older adults remained unclear and contentious.This study offered a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of research published until June 2024,analyzing the effects of multivitamins on various cognitive functions in individuals aged 65 and older.We included ten randomized controlled trials encompassing 13,600 participants from multiple databases.These studies evaluated the impact of multivitamins on reasoning,memory,learning,visual perception,idea production,cognitive speed,psychomotor abilities,and higher cognitive functions.Our meta-analysis revealed that multivitamins significantly enhanced delayed free recall (standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.09,95%confidence interval(CI)=[0.05,0.13],P<0.0001).However,they had no substantial effects on immediate free recall(SMD=0.85,95%CI=[-0.18,1.90],P=0.11),idea production(SMD=0.00,95%CI=[-0.04,0.03],P=0.86),or cognitive speed(SMD=0.34,95%CI=[-0.07,0.74],P=0.11).Thus,while multivitamins facilitated delayed free recall,they did not significantly improve other cognitive functions in older adults.展开更多
Insomnia disorder negatively affects the quality of life of patients.Phototherapy has proven effective in treating sleep problems.This study aimed to summarize the impact of phototherapy on sleep quality in patients w...Insomnia disorder negatively affects the quality of life of patients.Phototherapy has proven effective in treating sleep problems.This study aimed to summarize the impact of phototherapy on sleep quality in patients with insomnia disorder and the factors influencing its effectiveness.We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines and registered experiments on the PROSPERO website,retrieving 12 randomized controlled trials that included at least one sleep quality outcome measure available for analysis from the four databases.Meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan software,using Mean Differences(MD)and its 95% Confidence Interval(CI)to evaluate treatment efficacy and the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to assess bias risk.The results showed that phototherapy prolonged the total sleep time of patients,with the subgroup analysis indicating that this was related to the choice of phototherapy time and light intensity.Using high-intensity(≥2000l×)light in the morning may be more effective in improving sleep-related indicators.In summary,phototherapy improved the sleep quality of patients with insomnia disorder.However,owing to the limited sample size and heterogeneity of the included studies,more comprehensive experiments are needed to explore phototherapy conditions.展开更多
Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of...Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of dementia. Despite networked cognitive training has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function in MCI, its effectiveness for negative emotions is still unknown. This review aimed to exam the influences of networked cognitive training on negative emotions and quality of life in people with MCI. Methods: Searches for eligible studies were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Psyc INFO, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, and Sinomed. The retrieval time limit was set from their inception to 17 December 2025. The articles were reviewed and extracted by two researchers, and their quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was carried out utilizing RevMan 5.4 software. Results: The review comprised 13 randomized controlled trials with 626 individuals. The meta-analysis demonstrated that networked cognitive training significantly improved depression (SMD = -0.36;95% CI [-0.73, -0.00];p = .050), anxiety (SMD = -0.32;95% CI [-0.57, -0.06];p < .050), and quality of life (MD = 2.54;95% CI [0.98, 4.10];p < .001). In terms of the comparison of apathy, the effect of intervention was unclear. Conclusions: From these meta-analysis results, networked cognitive training may help patients for MCI with their anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life. However, because there are so few randomized controlled trials available, the evidence regarding apathy is still ambiguous. More thorough randomized controlled trials with larger samples are necessary to verify the significance of networked cognitive training on apathy and to consolidate the findings.展开更多
Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interv...Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.展开更多
BACKGROUND Regorafenib is approved as a second-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its comparative efficacy remains under evaluation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib vs ...BACKGROUND Regorafenib is approved as a second-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its comparative efficacy remains under evaluation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib vs other second-line therapies in advanced HCC.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.A comprehensive search of PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library was performed on June 6,2025.Studies were included if they reported at least one relevant clinical outcome:Overall survival,progression-free survival,objective response rate,or disease control rate.Data was extracted independently by two reviewers.Quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool for randomized controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies.Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-or fixed-effects models depending on the degree of heterogeneity.Sensitivity analyses and Egger’s test were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results and potential publication bias.RESULTS Nine studies met inclusion criteria.Regorafenib significantly improved overall survival compared to controls[weighted mean difference=2.54 months;95%confidence interval(CI):0.26-4.81;P<0.05],but no significant benefit was observed for progression-free survival(weighted mean difference=1.04;95%CI:-1.27 to 3.36).The pooled objective response rate showed no overall difference,though regorafenib was inferior to nivolumab in subgroup analysis(odds ratio=0.34;95% CI:0.20-0.58).Disease control rate did not differ significantly.No publication bias was detected.CONCLUSION Regorafenib offers a survival advantage in advanced HCC but does not significantly improve tumor response rates compared to alternative therapies.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of multiple acupuncture therapies in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)using a network Meta-analysis.METHODS:This network Meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA-NMA ...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of multiple acupuncture therapies in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)using a network Meta-analysis.METHODS:This network Meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA-NMA guideline.Eight databases were systematically searched from inception to December 31,2023,and retrieved references were managed using End Note 20.The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed with the Cochrane Ro B 2.0 tool(ROB 2.0).Data analysis was performed using R 4.2.1 and STATA 15.1.RESULTS:A total of 56 studies that had enrolled 4859 patients with AR were included.Hand acupuncture(HA)combined with acupoint catgut embedding(AE),hand acupuncture with heat sensitive moxibustion(HA+HSM),and acupoint application were the most effective in attaining the clinical effective rate.HA+AE,hand acupuncture with indirect moxibustion(HA+IM),and electroacupuncture(EA)with AE ranked the highest with respect to the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire Score.HA+IM,HA,and HA+EA yielded the best Total Nasal Symptom Score,whereas HA+AE,EA+AE,and HA had the best results for the Total NonNasal Symptom Score.However,subgroup analyses of clinical efficacy revealed that HA+HSM had the best therapeutic effects in the short term,whereas HA+AE was the most effective in the medium to long term.CONCLUSION:Combined acupuncture and moxibustion therapy may be a safe and effective intervention for patients with AR.HA+IM and HA+AE exhibited the most desirable therapeutic effects compared with other acupuncture and moxibustion therapies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP)is a prevalent and potentially serious complication in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.AIM To comprehe...BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP)is a prevalent and potentially serious complication in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.AIM To comprehensively assess the efficacy of indomethacin therapy in reducing PEP risk.METHODS We searched PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared rectal indomethacin with a control group to prevent PEP.Duplicates were removed,and studies were included based on the established inclusion criteria.We used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool to assess the risk of bias in the RCTs.A random-effects model was applied to produce pooled risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS We included a total of 30 RCTs involving 16977 patients.Compared to the control group,rectal indomethacin showed comparable rates of overall PEP(PEP;RR=0.85,95%CI:0.69-1.04,I2=79%)with no statistically significant difference of RR in mild(RR=0.92,95%CI:0.74-1.14),moderate(RR=0.78,95%CI:0.59-1.02),or severe PEP(RR=1.12,95%CI:0.75-1.67).There was also no difference in cases of adverse events(RR=0.97,95%CI:0.69-1.35),abdominal pain(RR=1.14,95%CI:0.80-1.62),bleeding(RR=1.07,95%CI:0.70-1.63),or mortality(RR=0.86,95%CI:0.56-1.33)between the two groups.Subgroup analyses were also performed.CONCLUSION Rectal indomethacin appears to be safe and may offer benefit in selected high-risk patients,though findings should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity.展开更多
Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.T...Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different ...BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.展开更多
Machine learning(ML)is recognized as a potent tool for the inverse design of environmental functional material,particularly for complex entities like biochar-based catalysts(BCs).Thus,the tailored BCs can have a disti...Machine learning(ML)is recognized as a potent tool for the inverse design of environmental functional material,particularly for complex entities like biochar-based catalysts(BCs).Thus,the tailored BCs can have a distinct ability to trigger the nonradical pathway in advance oxidation processes(AOPs),promising a stable,rapid and selective degradation of persistent contaminants.However,due to the inherent“black box”nature and limitations of input features,results and conclusions derived from ML may not always be intuitively understood or comprehensively validated.To tackle this challenge,we linked the front-point interpretable analysis approaches with back-point density functional theory(DFT)calculations to form a chained learning strategy for deeper sight into the intrinsic activation mechanism of BCs in AOPs.At the front point,we conducted an easy-to-interpret meta-analysis to validate two strategies for enhancing nonradical pathways by increasing oxygen content and specific surface area(SSA),and prepared oxidized biochar(OBC500)and SSA-increased biochar(SBC900)by controlling pyrolysis conditions and modification methods.Subsequently,experimental results showed that OBC500 and SBC900 had distinct dominant degradation pathways for 1O2 generation and electron transfer,respectively.Finally,at the end point,DFT calculations revealed their active sites and degradation mechanisms.This chained learning strategy elucidates fundamental principles for BC inverse design and showcases the exceptional capacity to integrate computational techniques to accelerate catalyst inverse design.展开更多
Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated ne...Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.展开更多
Objective: To assess and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers(donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine) on cognition, behavior, function, and global status in patients with vascul...Objective: To assess and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers(donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine) on cognition, behavior, function, and global status in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.Data sources: The initial literature search was performed with PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Methodology Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health(CINAHL) from inception to January 2018 for studies regarding donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine for treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.Data selection: Randomized controlled trials on donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine as monotherapy in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment were included. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted. Outcome measures: Efficacy was assessed by changes in scores of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores and Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change Scale Plus Caregiver's Input, Activities of Daily Living, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Safety was evaluated by mortality, total adverse events(TAEs), serious adverse events(SAEs), nausea, vomiting. diarrhea, or cerebrovascular accidents(CVAs). Results: After screening 1717 citations, 12 randomized controlled trials were included. Donepezil and rivastigmine(mean difference(e) = –0.77, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.25–1.32; MD = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.18–1.79) were significantly more effective than placebo in reducing Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Donepezil, galantamine, and memantine(MD = –1.30, 95% CI: –2.27 to –0.42; MD = –1.67, 95% CI: –3.36 to –0.06; MD = –2.27, 95% CI: –3.91 to –0.53) showed superior benefits on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–cognitive scores compared with placebo. Memantine(MD = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.05–7.29) improved global status(Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change Scale Plus Caregiver's Input) more than the placebo. Safety results revealed that donepezil 10 mg(odds ratio(OR) = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.86–5.41) contributed to higer risk of adverse events than placebo. Galantamine(OR = 5.64, 95% CI: 1.31–26.71) increased the risk of nausea. Rivastigmine(OR = 16.80, 95% CI: 1.78–319.26) increased the risk of vomiting. No agents displayed a significant risk of serious adverse events, mortality, cerebrovascular accidents, or diarrhea.Conclusion: We found significant efficacy of donepezil, galantamine, and memantine on cognition. Memantine can provide significant efficacy in global status. They are all safe and well tolerated.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the impact of endometrial polyps(EP)on postoperative pregnancy outcomes in infertile women with endometriosis(EMs).Methods PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,SinoMed,and WanFang Data dat...Objective To evaluate the impact of endometrial polyps(EP)on postoperative pregnancy outcomes in infertile women with endometriosis(EMs).Methods PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,SinoMed,and WanFang Data databases were searched to include clinical studies on the effect of EP on pregnancy outcomes in patients with EMs,published before August 31,2020.A meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 software after two investigators independently screened the literature,extracted information,and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies.Results The meta-analysis included ten studies(651 and 1,040 in the combined EP and uncomplicated EP groups,respectively).The spontaneous pregnancy rate,clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rate were significantly lower in the group with combined EPs than in the group without combined EPs[Odd’s ratio(OR)=0.63,95%confidence interval(CI):0.50–0.80,P=0.0001;OR=0.63,95%CI:0.48–0.84,P=0.001;OR=0.63,95%CI:0.42–0.96,P=0.03],and the rate of embryonic abortion was significantly higher than that in the uncomplicated EP group[OR=3.10,95%CI:1.52–6.32,P=0.002].Conclusion EP may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes in patients with infertility and EMs.Even after surgical treatment,EP can still reduce natural pregnancy,clinical pregnancy,and live birth rates in infertile women with EMs and increase the risk of embryo arrest in these women.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)present a significant clinical challenge due to their high prevalence and profound impact on morbidity.Ultrasound-assisted wound debridement(UAWD)has emerged as a potential therape...BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)present a significant clinical challenge due to their high prevalence and profound impact on morbidity.Ultrasound-assisted wound debridement(UAWD)has emerged as a potential therapeutic modality to improve healing outcomes in DFU management.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of UAWD in treating DFUs on wound closure rates,treatment duration,and quality of life outcomes.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines,systematically searching PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library with no date restrictions.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated the efficacy of UAWD in DFU treatment were included.Data were independently extracted by two reviewers,with discrepancies resolved through consensus or third-party consultation.The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool.χ2 and I2 statistics assessed heterogeneity,informing the use of fixed or random-effects models for meta-analysis,supplemented by sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment through funnel plots and Egger's test.RESULTS From 1255 articles,seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria.The studies demonstrated that UAWD significantly reduced DFU healing time(standardized mean difference=-0.78,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.60,P<0.001)and increased healing rates(odds ratio=9.96,95%CI:5.99 to 16.56,P<0.001)compared to standard care.Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of these results,and no significant publication bias was detected.CONCLUSION UAWD is a promising adjunctive treatment for DFUs,significantly reducing healing times and increasing healing rates.These findings advocate for the integration of UAWD into standard DFU care protocols.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to assess the impact of exercise rehabilitation during the vulnerable period on cardiac recovery(CR)outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure(ADHF).Methods:Multiple databa...Objectives:This study aimed to assess the impact of exercise rehabilitation during the vulnerable period on cardiac recovery(CR)outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure(ADHF).Methods:Multiple databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database(VIP),Wanfang database,SinoMed,ClinicalTrials.gov,and American Heart Association(AHA)and European Society of Cardiology(ESC)were searched for RCTs on exercise rehabilitation in ADHF patients’vulnerable period from inception to April 2,2025.The risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0,and data were analyzed in RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of seven RCTs involving 946 patients were included.The results demonstrated that exercise rehabilitation training during the vulnerable period in patients with ADHF significantly increased the 6-min walk test distance(6-MWTD)(SMD=0.37;95%CI:0.09,0.65;P=0.01),short physical performance battery(SPPB)score(MD=1.26;95%CI:0.82,1.70;P<0.001)and peak oxygen consumption(VO2peak)(SMD=1.43;95%CI:0.53,2.34;P=0.002),improved quality of life(QoL)(SMD=0.85;95%CI:0.07,1.64,P=0.03),reduced depression score(MD=-0.73;95%CI:1.27,-0.18;P=0.009),frailty(MD=-0.22;95%CI:-0.48,0.05;P=0.11),and decreased 6-month all-cause readmission(OR=0.67;95%CI:0.49,0.91;P=0.01).However,no statistically significantdifferences were observed between the two groups in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(MD=0.96;95%CI:-1.84,3.77;P=0.50),6-month heart failure(HF)-related readmission(OR=1.01;95%CI:0.66,1.53;P=0.98),and all-cause mortality(OR=0.63;95%CI:0.18,2.24;P=0.47).There were no adverse events reported.Conclusions:Exercise rehabilitation during the vulnerable phase improves exercise tolerance,QoL,and depressive symptoms while reducing 6-month all-cause readmissions in ADHF patients,with no reported adverse events.Although trends toward improved LVEF,HF-related readmissions,and all-cause mortality were observed.Large-scale,high-quality studies are warranted to explore individualized responses and long-term outcomes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To address the optimal Chinese herbal injections(CHIs) against liver cancer, the present network Meta-analysis is designed to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of different CHIs.METHODS: Sever...OBJECTIVE: To address the optimal Chinese herbal injections(CHIs) against liver cancer, the present network Meta-analysis is designed to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of different CHIs.METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched up to June 1 st, 2017. The quality assessment was conducted and network Meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of different CHIs plus transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Primary outcomes were 1-year and 2-year survival rate, the secondary outcomes includes the clinical effective rate, performance status and the adverse reactions(ADRs). Data analysis was applied Stata 13.0 and Win BUGS 1.4 software.RESULTS: A total of 105 randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were identified for inclusion in this analysis, with data for 7683 patients and 13 CHIs. The results suggested that Javanica oil emulsion,Huachansu injection plus TACE were more favorable for 1-year and 2-year survival rate than other CHIs. Kanglaite, Astragalus polysaccharide injection plus TACE showed superiority in the clinical effective rate and performance status over other CHIs.And Shenmai injection plus TACE was superior to reducing ADRs than other CHIs for patients with liver cancer.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that receiving CHIs combined with TACE may have therapeutic benefits for patients with liver cancer in improving survival rate, clinical effective rate, the performance status and alleviating the ADRs.展开更多
Background:Acupuncture has shown potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with simple obesity.However,some researchers argue that some of the effectiveness of acupuncture may be due to the placebo response.Objec...Background:Acupuncture has shown potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with simple obesity.However,some researchers argue that some of the effectiveness of acupuncture may be due to the placebo response.Objective:To understand the placebo response of acupuncture treatment in simple obesity,a systematic review and meta-analysis was designed based on the comparison between sham acupuncture before and after treatment.Search strategy:Eight databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,China Biology Medicine Database,and Chinese Scientific Journals Database)were searched from inception to August 1,2023.The Me SH search terms comprised obesity and acupuncture.Inclusion criteria:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)using sham or placebo acupuncture as a control in treating obesity were enrolled.Data extraction and analysis:Two researchers independently extracted data,and the results were crosschecked after completion.Each RCT’s detailed sham/placebo acupuncture treatment protocol was assessed according to the SHam Acupuncture REporting guidelines.The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system were used to determine the risk of bias and quality of evidence,respectively.Body mass index(BMI)was defined as the primary outcome.Anthropometric parameters and laboratory test parameters related to obesity were defined as secondary outcomes.We used standardized mean difference(SMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI)to calculate treatment effects of outcomes.Results:Fifteen RCTs with a total of 1250 patients were included.The BMI significantly decreased after treatment in the sham acupuncture group compared to baseline(SMD 0.37,95%CI 0.09–0.66;I2=81%,random model;P<0.01).Treatment duration(P=0.02)and other interventions significantly impacted the placebo response rate(P=0.00).Conclusion:The placebo response of sham acupuncture was strong in the RCTs for simple obesity,and the effect sizes differed between various outcomes.The treatment duration and other interventions emerged as potential influencing factors for the placebo response of sham acupuncture.展开更多
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBC...BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBCAs and non-LBCAs in China is lacking.AIM To investigate the risk of NSSI among LBCAs in China.METHODS We performed a systematic search of Embase,PubMed,and Web of Science from initiation to October 25,2024,for all relevant studies of NSSI and LBCAs.The effect sizes were reported as odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Sensitivity analyses were conducted to further confirm the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 10 studies with 165276 children and adolescents were included in this study.LBCAs had significantly higher rates of NSSI compared with non-LBCAs(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.19-1.49),with high heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=77%,P<0.001).Further sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.21-1.39,I^(2)=0%).CONCLUSION LBCAs are found to be at an increased risk of NSSI compared with children and adolescents of non-migrants.More attention and intervention are urgently needed for LBCAs,especially those living in developing countries.展开更多
文摘Indirect approaches to estimation of biomass factors are often applied to measure carbon flux in the forestry sector. An assumption underlying a country-level carbon stock estimate is the representativeness of these factors. Although intensive studies have been conducted to quantify biomass factors, each study typically covers a limited geographic area. The goal of this study was to employ a meta-analysis approach to develop regional bio- mass factors for Quercus mongolica forests in South Korea. The biomass factors of interest were biomass conversion and expansion factor （BCEF）, biomass expansion factor （BEF） and root-to-shoot ratio （RSR）. Our objectives were to select probability density functions （PDFs） that best fitted the three biomass factors and to quantify their means and uncertainties. A total of 12 scientific publications were selected as data sources based on a set of criteria. Fromthese publications we chose 52 study sites spread out across South Korea. The statistical model for the meta- analysis was a multilevel model with publication （data source） as the nesting factor specified under the Bayesian framework. Gamma, Log-normal and Weibull PDFs were evaluated. The Log-normal PDF yielded the best quanti- tative and qualitative fit for the three biomass factors. However, a poor fit of the PDF to the long right tail of observed BEF and RSR distributions was apparent. The median posterior estimates for means and 95 % credible intervals for BCEF, BEF and RSR across all 12 publica- tions were 1.016 （0.800-1.299）, 1.414 （1.304-1.560） and 0.260 （0.200-0.335）, respectively. The Log-normal PDF proved useful for estimating carbon stock of Q. mongolica forests on a regional scale and for uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum cholinesterase(ChE)activity—specifically butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)—and the risk of POD in adult surgical patients in a meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 28,2025 for studies reporting preoperative serum BuChE or AChE activity in relation to subsequent POD incidence.Standardized mean differences(SMDs)and odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using random-effects models.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on follow-up duration and analytic models.RESULTS Thirteen studies(n=2730 patients)were included.Patients who developed POD had significantly lower preoperative BuChE activity than those who did not(SMD=-0.28;95%CI:-0.39 to-0.16;I^(2)=18%).Higher BuChE activity was associated with a reduced risk of POD(OR per 100 unit increment=0.97;95%CI:0.95-0.99;I2=0%).In contrast,pooled AChE activity did not differ significantly between POD and non-POD groups(SMD=-0.25;95%CI:-0.53 to 0.03;P=0.08;I^(2)=80%),and the ORs per 1 unit increment in AChE activity were not statistically significant(OR=0.98;95%CI:0.95-1.01).CONCLUSION Lower preoperative serum BuChE activity is associated with an increased risk of POD in adults undergoing surgery.BuChE activity may serve as a potential preoperative biomarker for POD risk stratification.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042023gf0003)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024AFD126)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1104404).
文摘Multivitamins were widely used health supplements that replenished essential nutrients in the human body.Despite their popularity,the impact of multivitamins on the cognitive function of older adults remained unclear and contentious.This study offered a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of research published until June 2024,analyzing the effects of multivitamins on various cognitive functions in individuals aged 65 and older.We included ten randomized controlled trials encompassing 13,600 participants from multiple databases.These studies evaluated the impact of multivitamins on reasoning,memory,learning,visual perception,idea production,cognitive speed,psychomotor abilities,and higher cognitive functions.Our meta-analysis revealed that multivitamins significantly enhanced delayed free recall (standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.09,95%confidence interval(CI)=[0.05,0.13],P<0.0001).However,they had no substantial effects on immediate free recall(SMD=0.85,95%CI=[-0.18,1.90],P=0.11),idea production(SMD=0.00,95%CI=[-0.04,0.03],P=0.86),or cognitive speed(SMD=0.34,95%CI=[-0.07,0.74],P=0.11).Thus,while multivitamins facilitated delayed free recall,they did not significantly improve other cognitive functions in older adults.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFC3505503)the Joint Fund of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.25JCLMJC00370)the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2022-I2M-3-002).
文摘Insomnia disorder negatively affects the quality of life of patients.Phototherapy has proven effective in treating sleep problems.This study aimed to summarize the impact of phototherapy on sleep quality in patients with insomnia disorder and the factors influencing its effectiveness.We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines and registered experiments on the PROSPERO website,retrieving 12 randomized controlled trials that included at least one sleep quality outcome measure available for analysis from the four databases.Meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan software,using Mean Differences(MD)and its 95% Confidence Interval(CI)to evaluate treatment efficacy and the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to assess bias risk.The results showed that phototherapy prolonged the total sleep time of patients,with the subgroup analysis indicating that this was related to the choice of phototherapy time and light intensity.Using high-intensity(≥2000l×)light in the morning may be more effective in improving sleep-related indicators.In summary,phototherapy improved the sleep quality of patients with insomnia disorder.However,owing to the limited sample size and heterogeneity of the included studies,more comprehensive experiments are needed to explore phototherapy conditions.
文摘Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of dementia. Despite networked cognitive training has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function in MCI, its effectiveness for negative emotions is still unknown. This review aimed to exam the influences of networked cognitive training on negative emotions and quality of life in people with MCI. Methods: Searches for eligible studies were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Psyc INFO, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, and Sinomed. The retrieval time limit was set from their inception to 17 December 2025. The articles were reviewed and extracted by two researchers, and their quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was carried out utilizing RevMan 5.4 software. Results: The review comprised 13 randomized controlled trials with 626 individuals. The meta-analysis demonstrated that networked cognitive training significantly improved depression (SMD = -0.36;95% CI [-0.73, -0.00];p = .050), anxiety (SMD = -0.32;95% CI [-0.57, -0.06];p < .050), and quality of life (MD = 2.54;95% CI [0.98, 4.10];p < .001). In terms of the comparison of apathy, the effect of intervention was unclear. Conclusions: From these meta-analysis results, networked cognitive training may help patients for MCI with their anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life. However, because there are so few randomized controlled trials available, the evidence regarding apathy is still ambiguous. More thorough randomized controlled trials with larger samples are necessary to verify the significance of networked cognitive training on apathy and to consolidate the findings.
文摘Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.
文摘BACKGROUND Regorafenib is approved as a second-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its comparative efficacy remains under evaluation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib vs other second-line therapies in advanced HCC.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.A comprehensive search of PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library was performed on June 6,2025.Studies were included if they reported at least one relevant clinical outcome:Overall survival,progression-free survival,objective response rate,or disease control rate.Data was extracted independently by two reviewers.Quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool for randomized controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies.Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-or fixed-effects models depending on the degree of heterogeneity.Sensitivity analyses and Egger’s test were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results and potential publication bias.RESULTS Nine studies met inclusion criteria.Regorafenib significantly improved overall survival compared to controls[weighted mean difference=2.54 months;95%confidence interval(CI):0.26-4.81;P<0.05],but no significant benefit was observed for progression-free survival(weighted mean difference=1.04;95%CI:-1.27 to 3.36).The pooled objective response rate showed no overall difference,though regorafenib was inferior to nivolumab in subgroup analysis(odds ratio=0.34;95% CI:0.20-0.58).Disease control rate did not differ significantly.No publication bias was detected.CONCLUSION Regorafenib offers a survival advantage in advanced HCC but does not significantly improve tumor response rates compared to alternative therapies.
基金Supported by Guangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine High-Level Key Discipline in Traditional Chinese Medicine-Acupuncture and Moxibustion Project(No.2025013-03-05)Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Guangxi School Apricot Grove Top Talents Project(No.2022C017)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of multiple acupuncture therapies in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)using a network Meta-analysis.METHODS:This network Meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA-NMA guideline.Eight databases were systematically searched from inception to December 31,2023,and retrieved references were managed using End Note 20.The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed with the Cochrane Ro B 2.0 tool(ROB 2.0).Data analysis was performed using R 4.2.1 and STATA 15.1.RESULTS:A total of 56 studies that had enrolled 4859 patients with AR were included.Hand acupuncture(HA)combined with acupoint catgut embedding(AE),hand acupuncture with heat sensitive moxibustion(HA+HSM),and acupoint application were the most effective in attaining the clinical effective rate.HA+AE,hand acupuncture with indirect moxibustion(HA+IM),and electroacupuncture(EA)with AE ranked the highest with respect to the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire Score.HA+IM,HA,and HA+EA yielded the best Total Nasal Symptom Score,whereas HA+AE,EA+AE,and HA had the best results for the Total NonNasal Symptom Score.However,subgroup analyses of clinical efficacy revealed that HA+HSM had the best therapeutic effects in the short term,whereas HA+AE was the most effective in the medium to long term.CONCLUSION:Combined acupuncture and moxibustion therapy may be a safe and effective intervention for patients with AR.HA+IM and HA+AE exhibited the most desirable therapeutic effects compared with other acupuncture and moxibustion therapies.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP)is a prevalent and potentially serious complication in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.AIM To comprehensively assess the efficacy of indomethacin therapy in reducing PEP risk.METHODS We searched PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared rectal indomethacin with a control group to prevent PEP.Duplicates were removed,and studies were included based on the established inclusion criteria.We used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool to assess the risk of bias in the RCTs.A random-effects model was applied to produce pooled risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS We included a total of 30 RCTs involving 16977 patients.Compared to the control group,rectal indomethacin showed comparable rates of overall PEP(PEP;RR=0.85,95%CI:0.69-1.04,I2=79%)with no statistically significant difference of RR in mild(RR=0.92,95%CI:0.74-1.14),moderate(RR=0.78,95%CI:0.59-1.02),or severe PEP(RR=1.12,95%CI:0.75-1.67).There was also no difference in cases of adverse events(RR=0.97,95%CI:0.69-1.35),abdominal pain(RR=1.14,95%CI:0.80-1.62),bleeding(RR=1.07,95%CI:0.70-1.63),or mortality(RR=0.86,95%CI:0.56-1.33)between the two groups.Subgroup analyses were also performed.CONCLUSION Rectal indomethacin appears to be safe and may offer benefit in selected high-risk patients,though findings should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity.
文摘Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82402789Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Youcai Plan,No.KYYC202402+1 种基金Beijing Jishuitan Research Funding,No.HL202402and Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.L232062,No.L222063.
文摘BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.
基金supported by Project of National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomass Energy Development and Utilization(Harbin Institute of Technology,No.2021A004).
文摘Machine learning(ML)is recognized as a potent tool for the inverse design of environmental functional material,particularly for complex entities like biochar-based catalysts(BCs).Thus,the tailored BCs can have a distinct ability to trigger the nonradical pathway in advance oxidation processes(AOPs),promising a stable,rapid and selective degradation of persistent contaminants.However,due to the inherent“black box”nature and limitations of input features,results and conclusions derived from ML may not always be intuitively understood or comprehensively validated.To tackle this challenge,we linked the front-point interpretable analysis approaches with back-point density functional theory(DFT)calculations to form a chained learning strategy for deeper sight into the intrinsic activation mechanism of BCs in AOPs.At the front point,we conducted an easy-to-interpret meta-analysis to validate two strategies for enhancing nonradical pathways by increasing oxygen content and specific surface area(SSA),and prepared oxidized biochar(OBC500)and SSA-increased biochar(SBC900)by controlling pyrolysis conditions and modification methods.Subsequently,experimental results showed that OBC500 and SBC900 had distinct dominant degradation pathways for 1O2 generation and electron transfer,respectively.Finally,at the end point,DFT calculations revealed their active sites and degradation mechanisms.This chained learning strategy elucidates fundamental principles for BC inverse design and showcases the exceptional capacity to integrate computational techniques to accelerate catalyst inverse design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,specifically through grants(No.8227431382304947)Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2023GHZD43).Peer re v iew information。
文摘Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China,No.20170541036(to HYL)
文摘Objective: To assess and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers(donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine) on cognition, behavior, function, and global status in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.Data sources: The initial literature search was performed with PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Methodology Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health(CINAHL) from inception to January 2018 for studies regarding donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine for treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.Data selection: Randomized controlled trials on donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine as monotherapy in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment were included. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted. Outcome measures: Efficacy was assessed by changes in scores of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores and Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change Scale Plus Caregiver's Input, Activities of Daily Living, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Safety was evaluated by mortality, total adverse events(TAEs), serious adverse events(SAEs), nausea, vomiting. diarrhea, or cerebrovascular accidents(CVAs). Results: After screening 1717 citations, 12 randomized controlled trials were included. Donepezil and rivastigmine(mean difference(e) = –0.77, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.25–1.32; MD = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.18–1.79) were significantly more effective than placebo in reducing Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Donepezil, galantamine, and memantine(MD = –1.30, 95% CI: –2.27 to –0.42; MD = –1.67, 95% CI: –3.36 to –0.06; MD = –2.27, 95% CI: –3.91 to –0.53) showed superior benefits on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–cognitive scores compared with placebo. Memantine(MD = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.05–7.29) improved global status(Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change Scale Plus Caregiver's Input) more than the placebo. Safety results revealed that donepezil 10 mg(odds ratio(OR) = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.86–5.41) contributed to higer risk of adverse events than placebo. Galantamine(OR = 5.64, 95% CI: 1.31–26.71) increased the risk of nausea. Rivastigmine(OR = 16.80, 95% CI: 1.78–319.26) increased the risk of vomiting. No agents displayed a significant risk of serious adverse events, mortality, cerebrovascular accidents, or diarrhea.Conclusion: We found significant efficacy of donepezil, galantamine, and memantine on cognition. Memantine can provide significant efficacy in global status. They are all safe and well tolerated.
文摘Objective To evaluate the impact of endometrial polyps(EP)on postoperative pregnancy outcomes in infertile women with endometriosis(EMs).Methods PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,SinoMed,and WanFang Data databases were searched to include clinical studies on the effect of EP on pregnancy outcomes in patients with EMs,published before August 31,2020.A meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 software after two investigators independently screened the literature,extracted information,and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies.Results The meta-analysis included ten studies(651 and 1,040 in the combined EP and uncomplicated EP groups,respectively).The spontaneous pregnancy rate,clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rate were significantly lower in the group with combined EPs than in the group without combined EPs[Odd’s ratio(OR)=0.63,95%confidence interval(CI):0.50–0.80,P=0.0001;OR=0.63,95%CI:0.48–0.84,P=0.001;OR=0.63,95%CI:0.42–0.96,P=0.03],and the rate of embryonic abortion was significantly higher than that in the uncomplicated EP group[OR=3.10,95%CI:1.52–6.32,P=0.002].Conclusion EP may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes in patients with infertility and EMs.Even after surgical treatment,EP can still reduce natural pregnancy,clinical pregnancy,and live birth rates in infertile women with EMs and increase the risk of embryo arrest in these women.
基金Hubei Province Top Medical Youth Talent Program,Wuhan Knowledge Innovation Special Basic Research Project,No.2023020201020558Clinical Research Project of Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,No.LCYJ2021B004 and No.LCYJ2019B010Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhanjiang,No.2022A01191.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)present a significant clinical challenge due to their high prevalence and profound impact on morbidity.Ultrasound-assisted wound debridement(UAWD)has emerged as a potential therapeutic modality to improve healing outcomes in DFU management.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of UAWD in treating DFUs on wound closure rates,treatment duration,and quality of life outcomes.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines,systematically searching PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library with no date restrictions.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated the efficacy of UAWD in DFU treatment were included.Data were independently extracted by two reviewers,with discrepancies resolved through consensus or third-party consultation.The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool.χ2 and I2 statistics assessed heterogeneity,informing the use of fixed or random-effects models for meta-analysis,supplemented by sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment through funnel plots and Egger's test.RESULTS From 1255 articles,seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria.The studies demonstrated that UAWD significantly reduced DFU healing time(standardized mean difference=-0.78,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.60,P<0.001)and increased healing rates(odds ratio=9.96,95%CI:5.99 to 16.56,P<0.001)compared to standard care.Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of these results,and no significant publication bias was detected.CONCLUSION UAWD is a promising adjunctive treatment for DFUs,significantly reducing healing times and increasing healing rates.These findings advocate for the integration of UAWD into standard DFU care protocols.
基金funded by the Young Clinical Research Special Fund Project of Peking University First Hospital(No.2024YC05)。
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to assess the impact of exercise rehabilitation during the vulnerable period on cardiac recovery(CR)outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure(ADHF).Methods:Multiple databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database(VIP),Wanfang database,SinoMed,ClinicalTrials.gov,and American Heart Association(AHA)and European Society of Cardiology(ESC)were searched for RCTs on exercise rehabilitation in ADHF patients’vulnerable period from inception to April 2,2025.The risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0,and data were analyzed in RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of seven RCTs involving 946 patients were included.The results demonstrated that exercise rehabilitation training during the vulnerable period in patients with ADHF significantly increased the 6-min walk test distance(6-MWTD)(SMD=0.37;95%CI:0.09,0.65;P=0.01),short physical performance battery(SPPB)score(MD=1.26;95%CI:0.82,1.70;P<0.001)and peak oxygen consumption(VO2peak)(SMD=1.43;95%CI:0.53,2.34;P=0.002),improved quality of life(QoL)(SMD=0.85;95%CI:0.07,1.64,P=0.03),reduced depression score(MD=-0.73;95%CI:1.27,-0.18;P=0.009),frailty(MD=-0.22;95%CI:-0.48,0.05;P=0.11),and decreased 6-month all-cause readmission(OR=0.67;95%CI:0.49,0.91;P=0.01).However,no statistically significantdifferences were observed between the two groups in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(MD=0.96;95%CI:-1.84,3.77;P=0.50),6-month heart failure(HF)-related readmission(OR=1.01;95%CI:0.66,1.53;P=0.98),and all-cause mortality(OR=0.63;95%CI:0.18,2.24;P=0.47).There were no adverse events reported.Conclusions:Exercise rehabilitation during the vulnerable phase improves exercise tolerance,QoL,and depressive symptoms while reducing 6-month all-cause readmissions in ADHF patients,with no reported adverse events.Although trends toward improved LVEF,HF-related readmissions,and all-cause mortality were observed.Large-scale,high-quality studies are warranted to explore individualized responses and long-term outcomes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Study on the Key Influential Factors of Anaphylaxis Induced by Chinese Herbal Injection Based on Three-dimensional Database and Multi-dimensional Data Mining,No.81473547Establishment of Multi-dimensional Clinical Evaluation Model of Danshen Injection for Treating Unstable Angina Pectoris Based on Bayesian Network Meta Analysis,No.81673829)。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To address the optimal Chinese herbal injections(CHIs) against liver cancer, the present network Meta-analysis is designed to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of different CHIs.METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched up to June 1 st, 2017. The quality assessment was conducted and network Meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of different CHIs plus transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Primary outcomes were 1-year and 2-year survival rate, the secondary outcomes includes the clinical effective rate, performance status and the adverse reactions(ADRs). Data analysis was applied Stata 13.0 and Win BUGS 1.4 software.RESULTS: A total of 105 randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were identified for inclusion in this analysis, with data for 7683 patients and 13 CHIs. The results suggested that Javanica oil emulsion,Huachansu injection plus TACE were more favorable for 1-year and 2-year survival rate than other CHIs. Kanglaite, Astragalus polysaccharide injection plus TACE showed superiority in the clinical effective rate and performance status over other CHIs.And Shenmai injection plus TACE was superior to reducing ADRs than other CHIs for patients with liver cancer.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that receiving CHIs combined with TACE may have therapeutic benefits for patients with liver cancer in improving survival rate, clinical effective rate, the performance status and alleviating the ADRs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82405192)the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH 2022-2-20213,CFH 2022-1-2021)+1 种基金the project of"Friendship Seed Plan"Talent Project of Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University(YYZZ202333)Beijing key project of major disease by Chinese medicine and Western medicine(Fatty liver,No.2023BJSZDYNJBXTGG-017)。
文摘Background:Acupuncture has shown potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with simple obesity.However,some researchers argue that some of the effectiveness of acupuncture may be due to the placebo response.Objective:To understand the placebo response of acupuncture treatment in simple obesity,a systematic review and meta-analysis was designed based on the comparison between sham acupuncture before and after treatment.Search strategy:Eight databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,China Biology Medicine Database,and Chinese Scientific Journals Database)were searched from inception to August 1,2023.The Me SH search terms comprised obesity and acupuncture.Inclusion criteria:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)using sham or placebo acupuncture as a control in treating obesity were enrolled.Data extraction and analysis:Two researchers independently extracted data,and the results were crosschecked after completion.Each RCT’s detailed sham/placebo acupuncture treatment protocol was assessed according to the SHam Acupuncture REporting guidelines.The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system were used to determine the risk of bias and quality of evidence,respectively.Body mass index(BMI)was defined as the primary outcome.Anthropometric parameters and laboratory test parameters related to obesity were defined as secondary outcomes.We used standardized mean difference(SMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI)to calculate treatment effects of outcomes.Results:Fifteen RCTs with a total of 1250 patients were included.The BMI significantly decreased after treatment in the sham acupuncture group compared to baseline(SMD 0.37,95%CI 0.09–0.66;I2=81%,random model;P<0.01).Treatment duration(P=0.02)and other interventions significantly impacted the placebo response rate(P=0.00).Conclusion:The placebo response of sham acupuncture was strong in the RCTs for simple obesity,and the effect sizes differed between various outcomes.The treatment duration and other interventions emerged as potential influencing factors for the placebo response of sham acupuncture.
基金Supported by the Fujian Provincial Health and Family Planning Youth Scientific Research Project,No.2022QNB029.
文摘BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBCAs and non-LBCAs in China is lacking.AIM To investigate the risk of NSSI among LBCAs in China.METHODS We performed a systematic search of Embase,PubMed,and Web of Science from initiation to October 25,2024,for all relevant studies of NSSI and LBCAs.The effect sizes were reported as odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Sensitivity analyses were conducted to further confirm the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 10 studies with 165276 children and adolescents were included in this study.LBCAs had significantly higher rates of NSSI compared with non-LBCAs(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.19-1.49),with high heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=77%,P<0.001).Further sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.21-1.39,I^(2)=0%).CONCLUSION LBCAs are found to be at an increased risk of NSSI compared with children and adolescents of non-migrants.More attention and intervention are urgently needed for LBCAs,especially those living in developing countries.
