The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)medicated bath,as an essential component of TCM therapy,possesses profound historical significance and broad application prospects.This article focuses on the research and developm...The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)medicated bath,as an essential component of TCM therapy,possesses profound historical significance and broad application prospects.This article focuses on the research and development of the TCM medicated bath.As a form of external treatment within TCM,the medicated bath demonstrates unique efficacy and wide applicability,offering significant advantages in health management,disease prevention,and treatment.This paper analyzes the historical origins,mechanisms of action,development,clinical applications,and existing challenges of medicated baths from various perspectives.Finally,it explores future directions for TCM medicated baths,emphasizing the need for strengthened multidisciplinary cooperation,foundational research,and clinical studies to foster innovation and development.This approach aims to provide safer and more effective therapeutic options for human health.展开更多
We study the steady-state entanglement and heat current of two coupled qubits,in which two qubits are connected with two independent heat baths(IHBs)or two common heat baths(CHBs).We construct the master equation in t...We study the steady-state entanglement and heat current of two coupled qubits,in which two qubits are connected with two independent heat baths(IHBs)or two common heat baths(CHBs).We construct the master equation in the eigenstate representation of two coupled qubits to describe the dynamics of the total system and derive the solutions in the steadystate with stronger coupling regime between two qubits than qubit–baths.We do not make the rotating wave approximation(RWA)for the qubit–qubit interaction,and so we are able to investigate the behaviors of the system in both the strong coupling regime and the weak coupling regime,respectively.In an equilibrium bath,we find that the entanglement decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing under the strong coupling regime.In the weak coupling regime,the entanglement increases with coupling strength increasing and decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing.In a nonequilibrium bath,the entanglement without RWA is useful for entanglement at lower temperatures.We also study the heat currents of the two coupled qubits and their variations with the energy detuning,coupling strength and low temperature.In the strong(weak)coupling regime,the heat current increases(decreases)with coupling strength increasing when the temperature of one bath is lower(higher)than the other,and the energy detuning leads to a positive(negative)effect when the temperature is low(high).In the weak coupling regime,the variation trend of heat current is opposite to that of coupling strength for the IHB case and the CHB case.展开更多
We present the experimental results of nitrogen-vacancy （NV） electron spin decoherence, which are linked to the coexistence of electron spin bath of nitrogen impurity （PI center） and 13C nuclear spin bath. In prev...We present the experimental results of nitrogen-vacancy （NV） electron spin decoherence, which are linked to the coexistence of electron spin bath of nitrogen impurity （PI center） and 13C nuclear spin bath. In previous works, only one dominant decoherence source is studied： P1 electron spin bath for type-Ⅰb diamond; or 13C nuclear spin bath for type-Ⅱa diamond. In general, the thermal fluctuation from both spin baths can be eliminated by the Hahn echo sequence, resulting in a long coherence time （T2 ） of about 400#8. However, in a high-purity type-Ⅱa diamond where 1℃ nuclear spin bath is the dominant decoherence source, dramatic decreases of NV electron spin T2 time caused by P1 electron spin bath are observed under certain magnetic field. We further apply the engineered Hahn echo sequence to confirm the decoherenee mechanism of multiple spin baths and quantitatively estimate the contribution of P1 electron spin bath. Our results are helpful to understand the NV decoherence mechanisms, which will benefit quantum computing and quantum metrology.展开更多
A method using electrodialysis to seperate phosphite from spent electroless nickel (EN) plating solution was studied. The major working parameters for the electrodialyzer with our selected membranes such as voltage, c...A method using electrodialysis to seperate phosphite from spent electroless nickel (EN) plating solution was studied. The major working parameters for the electrodialyzer with our selected membranes such as voltage, current and the flow rate of spent EN bath and condensed solution were optimized. Under the optimum operating conditions, spent EN bath could be effectively purified. And then the purified solution was replenished and reused for EN plating. The life of the EN bath was prolonged for more than 17 metal turnovers (M.T.Os). It showed that the electrodialysis method was one of the most effective means for purification and regeneration of spent EN plating baths and for saving resources and reducing waste.展开更多
The diffusion mechanism of carbide-forming elements from a molten salt bath to a substrate surface was studied in this research, with particular focus on the processes occurring in the molten bath at the time of coati...The diffusion mechanism of carbide-forming elements from a molten salt bath to a substrate surface was studied in this research, with particular focus on the processes occurring in the molten bath at the time of coating. Metal, oxide, and metal-oxide baths were investigated, and the coating process was performed on H13 steel substrates. Scanning electron microscopy and electron-probe microanalysis were used to study the coated samples and the quenched salt bath. The thickness of the carbide coating layer was 6.5 ± 0.5, 5.2 ± 0.5, or 5.7 ± 0.5 μm depending on whether it was deposited in a metal, oxide, or metal-oxide bath, respectively. The phase distribution of vanadium-rich regions was 63%, 57%, and 74% of the total coating deposited in metal, oxide, and metal-oxide baths, respectively. The results obtained using the metal bath indicated that undissolved suspended metal particles deposited onto the substrate surface. Then, carbon subsequently diffused to the substrate surface and reacted with the metal particles to form the carbides. In the oxide bath, oxide powders dissolved in the bath with or without binding to the oxidative structure(Na_2O) of borax; they were then reduced by aluminum and converted into metal particles. We concluded that, in the metal and oxide baths, the deposition of metal particles onto the sample surface is an important step in the formation of the coating.展开更多
The present study couples the acid/basis titration and the ICP analysis in order to monitor the concentrations of nitric and hydrofluoric acids, and presents into baths used to pickle alloys of titanium or stainless s...The present study couples the acid/basis titration and the ICP analysis in order to monitor the concentrations of nitric and hydrofluoric acids, and presents into baths used to pickle alloys of titanium or stainless steel, largely employed in the aeronautic industry. The pickling of the alloys releases various metallic cations able to react with HF in order to lead to metal-fluoride complexes and free H+, the last being able to react with the basis. In this study, it was determined: the most significant correlations providing the number of the protons released by the complexation of the metallic cation by the fluoride. The proposed method based on: 1) these correlations;2) the titration pH = f(VKOH) curves;and 3) the content of metallic cations determined by ICP, enables the monitoring of the content of HNO3 and HF into the pickling bath. Assuming that one bath was used for one type of alloy (alloys of Titanium for example, or alloys of stainless steel), then the proposed method appears providing reliable concentration values of both acids as well as metallic cations.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of foot baths with Tangbi Waixi Decoction(TW)in treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:It is a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled t...Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of foot baths with Tangbi Waixi Decoction(TW)in treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:It is a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled trial.Participants with DPN were recruited between November 18,2016 and May 30,2018 from 8 hospitals in China.All patients received basic treatments for glycemic management.Patients received foot baths with TW herbal granules either 66.9 g(intervention group)or 6.69 g(control group)for 30 min once a day for 2 weeks and followed by a 2-week rest,as a therapeutic course.If the Toronto Clinical Scoring System total score(TCSS-TS)6 points,the patients received a total of 3 therapeutic courses(for 12 weeks)and were followed up for 12 weeks.The primary outcome was change in TCSS-TS score at 12 and 24 weeks.Secondary outcomes included changes in bilateral motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)and sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV)of the median and common peroneal nerve.Safety was also assessed.Results:Totally 632 patients were enrolled,and 317 and 315 were randomized to the intervention and control groups,respectively.After the 12-week intervention,patients in both groups showed significant declines in TCSSTS scores,and significant increases in MNCV and SNCV of the median and common peroneal nerves compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05).The reduction of TCSS-TS score at 12 weeks and the increase of SNCV of median nerve at 24 weeks in the control group were greater than those in the intervention group(P<0.05).The number of adverse events did not differ significantly between groups(P>0.05),and no serious adverse event was related with treatment.Conclusion:Treatment of TW foot baths was safe and significantly benefitted patients with DPN.A low dose of TW appeared to be more effective than a high dose.(Registry No.Chi CTR-IOR-16009331)展开更多
[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of head massage combined with Chinese herbal bath in treating insomnia and analyze its herbal medication patterns.[Methods]Clinical data of 200 chronic inso...[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of head massage combined with Chinese herbal bath in treating insomnia and analyze its herbal medication patterns.[Methods]Clinical data of 200 chronic insomnia patients treated at the Sleep Disorder Center of Taihe Hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=100 each).The observation group received head massage combined with Chinese herbal bath therapy,while the control group received Chinese herbal bath alone.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used for efficacy evaluation,and statistical analysis was performed on the frequency of herbal medications in herbal herbal bath formulas.[Results]The PSQI score improvement in the observation group(8.44±1.87)was significantly better than that in the control group(5.74±1.93)(P<0.01).Herbal formulas for external bath primarily contained mind-calming and heart-nourishing herbs(fried Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,Concha Margaritifera)and heat-clearing herbs(Rhizoma Coptidis,Radix Scutellariae).[Conclusions]The combination of head massage and Chinese herbal bath can significantly improve sleep quality in insomnia patients,demonstrating superior clinical efficacy compared with Chinese herbal bath alone.This combined therapy shows good safety and operability,warranting promotion in primary and specialized medical institutions.展开更多
这座位于英国巴斯的简·奥斯汀中心让参观者领略到了《傲慢与偏见》作者简·奥斯汀笔下的风情与智慧。Jane Austen,a famous English writer,was born in December,1775.Although she died at just forty-two years of age,she ...这座位于英国巴斯的简·奥斯汀中心让参观者领略到了《傲慢与偏见》作者简·奥斯汀笔下的风情与智慧。Jane Austen,a famous English writer,was born in December,1775.Although she died at just forty-two years of age,she completed six novels in her lifetime,which have been translated into dozens of languages,sold tens of millions of copies and have been adapted for television and film.展开更多
To recover the valuable elements in Bayan Obo tailings,Fe-Si bath smelting reduction was adopted to separate and enrich rare earth elements(REE),niobium and titanium from the REE-Nb-Ti-containing slag.The reduction re...To recover the valuable elements in Bayan Obo tailings,Fe-Si bath smelting reduction was adopted to separate and enrich rare earth elements(REE),niobium and titanium from the REE-Nb-Ti-containing slag.The reduction reaction process of the Fe-Si bath and the migration behavior of valuable elements in the solidification and crystallization process of silicothermic reduction tailings were investigated,and a treatment method for efficiently separating and enriching REE,Nb and Ti was explored.Thermodynamic analysis indicated that at 1600℃,with a 6 wt.%addition of Si as the reducing agent,the niobium oxide in the REE-Nb-Ti-containing slag could be selectively reduced to metallic Nb.In the Fe-Si bath reduction process,the Nb mass fraction in the metal phase increased with prolonged reaction time,peaking at 2.77%,while the Ti mass fraction consistently stayed below 0.12%.Lowering the w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2))enhanced the migration of Nb from slag to metal phase and reduced the Ti impurities.During solidification and crystallization,a significant quantity of perovskite precipitated from reduction tailings,with the REE dissolving into this perovskite.By adjusting the w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2))in tailings to 1.2-1.9 and maintaining a temperature of 1100℃for 4 h,the perovskite area fraction in the final slag could exceed 37%.Finally,a method was proposed to separate and enrich valuable elements in REE-Nb-Ti-containing slags via Fe-Si bath smelting reduction and crystallization control.展开更多
We conduct optical-tweezers experiments to investigate the average potential energies of passive plates harmonically trapped in bacterial suspensions.Our results show that the mean potential energies along both the ma...We conduct optical-tweezers experiments to investigate the average potential energies of passive plates harmonically trapped in bacterial suspensions.Our results show that the mean potential energies along both the major and minor axes increase with bacterial concentration but decrease with trap stiffness.Notably,the average potential energy along the major axis consistently exceeds that along the minor axis.This discrepancy from equilibrium systems is primarily attributed to the distinct bacterial flow fields and direct bacterium–plate collisions near the major and minor axes,as evidenced by the higher orientational order around the plate along the major compared to the minor axis,despite identical bacterial densities in these regions.Our findings highlight the critical role of hydrodynamic interactions in determining the potential energy of passive objects immersed in an active bath.展开更多
Objective:Breast cancer in India is growing at an alarming rate,and the fact that it is currently being detected more frequently in the younger age groups is even more concerning.In India,a woman dies of breast cancer...Objective:Breast cancer in India is growing at an alarming rate,and the fact that it is currently being detected more frequently in the younger age groups is even more concerning.In India,a woman dies of breast cancer every 8 min,which is a terrible situation.Breast cancer claims one life for every two women who are diagnosed with it.However,the morbidity level is gradually increasing due to advanced medical treatment,but we need to be aware and alert.Methods:The research has been structured as a randomized controlled trial.A total of 180 breast cancer patients were taken from Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital(AVBRH),Cancer Center Sawangi Meghe for the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria.With intervention,the period of the study was 11 months.A signed consent form was taken from each participant and based on the answers before,during,and after the trial the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v29.Results:The investigator believes that the Buerger-Allen exercise and Epsom salt foot bath will improve the symptoms in the symptomatic group of breast cancer patients and will prevent or delay the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy symptoms among the asymptomatic group as well as improve the overall quality of life(QoL).However,during the trial,if any of the study participants developed any side effects,they would be identified early and prompt treatment would be initiated.Conclusions:This study protocol aims to evaluate and compare the non-pharmacological treatment options for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN)and to develop a new treatment option that will pave the way to lead a new non-pharmacological cost-effective treatment option for breast cancer patients which also could improve the QoL.展开更多
This study evaluated the effectiveness of Chinese herbal foot bath therapy in improving sleep quality among postpartum women of advanced maternal age.A quasi-experimental design was used,involving 60 participants with...This study evaluated the effectiveness of Chinese herbal foot bath therapy in improving sleep quality among postpartum women of advanced maternal age.A quasi-experimental design was used,involving 60 participants with sleep disturbances recruited from Zouping County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Participants were divided into control and experimental groups,and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after the intervention.The experimental group received Chinese herbal foot bath therapy,while the control group did not.Post-intervention results showed a significant improvement in sleep quality for the experimental group,with a mean PSQI score of 7.79(SD=2.90),compared to 13.45(SD=2.57)in the control group,indicating continued poor sleep.Statistical analysis confirmed that the therapy led to significant improvements across overall and component PSQI scores.The study concludes that Chinese herbal foot bath therapy is a safe,non-invasive,and cost-effective method to enhance sleep quality among postpartum women,especially those of advanced maternal age.It holds promise as a complementary treatment option and could be integrated into standard postpartum care practices to address sleep disturbances without relying on pharmacological interventions.展开更多
We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that mo...We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.展开更多
The bottom blowing element is the key equipment to ensure the bottom blowing effect of the converter.Three types of bottom blowing elements,dispersive type(D1),double circular seam(D2)and straight cylinder type(D3),we...The bottom blowing element is the key equipment to ensure the bottom blowing effect of the converter.Three types of bottom blowing elements,dispersive type(D1),double circular seam(D2)and straight cylinder type(D3),were built,and the effects of bottom blowing element type on molten bath flow,wall erosion and furnace bottom erosion were simulated.It was found that when the bottom blowing elements of dispersive type(D1)and double circular seam(D2)were used,the dead zone area in the lower part of the molten bath was smaller,and the high-speed zone area was larger;therefore,the stirring effect on the bottom melt was better.When the straight cylinder type(D3)bottom blowing element was used,the gas penetrated the molten bath at a faster rate to reach the surface of molten bath and failed to disperse in the bottom molten bath,and the wall shear stress near the nozzle outlet was larger.When argon was blown by three different bottom blowing elements,the area of the wall shear stress greater than 3 Pa was 4.8,5.6 and 8.7 cm2,respectively,within 0.2 m of the bottom blowing nozzle outlet.展开更多
High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterpart...High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterparts.Herein,we report a high PCE FPSC by controllable growth of a SnO_(2)electron transport layer through constant pH chemical bath deposition(CBD).The application of SnSO_(4)as tin source enables us to perform CBD without strong acid,which in turn makes it applicable to acid-sensitive flexible indium tin oxide.Furthermore,a mild and controllable growth environment leads to uniform particle growth and dense SnO_(2)deposition with full coverage and reproducibility,resulting in a record PCE of up to 25.09%(certified 24.90%)for FPSCs to date.The as-fabricated FPSCs exhibited high durability,maintaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 10000 bending cycles.展开更多
A highly efficient and concise bromocyclization has been successfully achieved,in which tryptamine/tryptophol derivates can be transformed to valuable HPI/TFI scaffolds with economic and green manners.Moreover,a contr...A highly efficient and concise bromocyclization has been successfully achieved,in which tryptamine/tryptophol derivates can be transformed to valuable HPI/TFI scaffolds with economic and green manners.Moreover,a controllable cascade transformation of bromocyclization and aromatic bromination has also been smoothly achieved to form dibrominated HPIs and TFIs.Production could be successfully scaled up under both the batch process and a continuous flow fashion.The most remarkable peculiarity of our process over all previous methods is that the generated water is the major waste.Notably,successful application of this new protocol has been demonstrated by the pharmaceutical and natural products syntheses.展开更多
文摘The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)medicated bath,as an essential component of TCM therapy,possesses profound historical significance and broad application prospects.This article focuses on the research and development of the TCM medicated bath.As a form of external treatment within TCM,the medicated bath demonstrates unique efficacy and wide applicability,offering significant advantages in health management,disease prevention,and treatment.This paper analyzes the historical origins,mechanisms of action,development,clinical applications,and existing challenges of medicated baths from various perspectives.Finally,it explores future directions for TCM medicated baths,emphasizing the need for strengthened multidisciplinary cooperation,foundational research,and clinical studies to foster innovation and development.This approach aims to provide safer and more effective therapeutic options for human health.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61675115 and 11704221)
文摘We study the steady-state entanglement and heat current of two coupled qubits,in which two qubits are connected with two independent heat baths(IHBs)or two common heat baths(CHBs).We construct the master equation in the eigenstate representation of two coupled qubits to describe the dynamics of the total system and derive the solutions in the steadystate with stronger coupling regime between two qubits than qubit–baths.We do not make the rotating wave approximation(RWA)for the qubit–qubit interaction,and so we are able to investigate the behaviors of the system in both the strong coupling regime and the weak coupling regime,respectively.In an equilibrium bath,we find that the entanglement decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing under the strong coupling regime.In the weak coupling regime,the entanglement increases with coupling strength increasing and decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing.In a nonequilibrium bath,the entanglement without RWA is useful for entanglement at lower temperatures.We also study the heat currents of the two coupled qubits and their variations with the energy detuning,coupling strength and low temperature.In the strong(weak)coupling regime,the heat current increases(decreases)with coupling strength increasing when the temperature of one bath is lower(higher)than the other,and the energy detuning leads to a positive(negative)effect when the temperature is low(high).In the weak coupling regime,the variation trend of heat current is opposite to that of coupling strength for the IHB case and the CHB case.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2014CB921402 and 2015CB921103the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB07010300the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11574386
文摘We present the experimental results of nitrogen-vacancy （NV） electron spin decoherence, which are linked to the coexistence of electron spin bath of nitrogen impurity （PI center） and 13C nuclear spin bath. In previous works, only one dominant decoherence source is studied： P1 electron spin bath for type-Ⅰb diamond; or 13C nuclear spin bath for type-Ⅱa diamond. In general, the thermal fluctuation from both spin baths can be eliminated by the Hahn echo sequence, resulting in a long coherence time （T2 ） of about 400#8. However, in a high-purity type-Ⅱa diamond where 1℃ nuclear spin bath is the dominant decoherence source, dramatic decreases of NV electron spin T2 time caused by P1 electron spin bath are observed under certain magnetic field. We further apply the engineered Hahn echo sequence to confirm the decoherenee mechanism of multiple spin baths and quantitatively estimate the contribution of P1 electron spin bath. Our results are helpful to understand the NV decoherence mechanisms, which will benefit quantum computing and quantum metrology.
文摘A method using electrodialysis to seperate phosphite from spent electroless nickel (EN) plating solution was studied. The major working parameters for the electrodialyzer with our selected membranes such as voltage, current and the flow rate of spent EN bath and condensed solution were optimized. Under the optimum operating conditions, spent EN bath could be effectively purified. And then the purified solution was replenished and reused for EN plating. The life of the EN bath was prolonged for more than 17 metal turnovers (M.T.Os). It showed that the electrodialysis method was one of the most effective means for purification and regeneration of spent EN plating baths and for saving resources and reducing waste.
基金Iran University of Science & TechnologyTsinghua University for financial and technical support
文摘The diffusion mechanism of carbide-forming elements from a molten salt bath to a substrate surface was studied in this research, with particular focus on the processes occurring in the molten bath at the time of coating. Metal, oxide, and metal-oxide baths were investigated, and the coating process was performed on H13 steel substrates. Scanning electron microscopy and electron-probe microanalysis were used to study the coated samples and the quenched salt bath. The thickness of the carbide coating layer was 6.5 ± 0.5, 5.2 ± 0.5, or 5.7 ± 0.5 μm depending on whether it was deposited in a metal, oxide, or metal-oxide bath, respectively. The phase distribution of vanadium-rich regions was 63%, 57%, and 74% of the total coating deposited in metal, oxide, and metal-oxide baths, respectively. The results obtained using the metal bath indicated that undissolved suspended metal particles deposited onto the substrate surface. Then, carbon subsequently diffused to the substrate surface and reacted with the metal particles to form the carbides. In the oxide bath, oxide powders dissolved in the bath with or without binding to the oxidative structure(Na_2O) of borax; they were then reduced by aluminum and converted into metal particles. We concluded that, in the metal and oxide baths, the deposition of metal particles onto the sample surface is an important step in the formation of the coating.
文摘The present study couples the acid/basis titration and the ICP analysis in order to monitor the concentrations of nitric and hydrofluoric acids, and presents into baths used to pickle alloys of titanium or stainless steel, largely employed in the aeronautic industry. The pickling of the alloys releases various metallic cations able to react with HF in order to lead to metal-fluoride complexes and free H+, the last being able to react with the basis. In this study, it was determined: the most significant correlations providing the number of the protons released by the complexation of the metallic cation by the fluoride. The proposed method based on: 1) these correlations;2) the titration pH = f(VKOH) curves;and 3) the content of metallic cations determined by ICP, enables the monitoring of the content of HNO3 and HF into the pickling bath. Assuming that one bath was used for one type of alloy (alloys of Titanium for example, or alloys of stainless steel), then the proposed method appears providing reliable concentration values of both acids as well as metallic cations.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program(No.2015BAI04B09)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of foot baths with Tangbi Waixi Decoction(TW)in treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:It is a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled trial.Participants with DPN were recruited between November 18,2016 and May 30,2018 from 8 hospitals in China.All patients received basic treatments for glycemic management.Patients received foot baths with TW herbal granules either 66.9 g(intervention group)or 6.69 g(control group)for 30 min once a day for 2 weeks and followed by a 2-week rest,as a therapeutic course.If the Toronto Clinical Scoring System total score(TCSS-TS)6 points,the patients received a total of 3 therapeutic courses(for 12 weeks)and were followed up for 12 weeks.The primary outcome was change in TCSS-TS score at 12 and 24 weeks.Secondary outcomes included changes in bilateral motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)and sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV)of the median and common peroneal nerve.Safety was also assessed.Results:Totally 632 patients were enrolled,and 317 and 315 were randomized to the intervention and control groups,respectively.After the 12-week intervention,patients in both groups showed significant declines in TCSSTS scores,and significant increases in MNCV and SNCV of the median and common peroneal nerves compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05).The reduction of TCSS-TS score at 12 weeks and the increase of SNCV of median nerve at 24 weeks in the control group were greater than those in the intervention group(P<0.05).The number of adverse events did not differ significantly between groups(P>0.05),and no serious adverse event was related with treatment.Conclusion:Treatment of TW foot baths was safe and significantly benefitted patients with DPN.A low dose of TW appeared to be more effective than a high dose.(Registry No.Chi CTR-IOR-16009331)
文摘[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of head massage combined with Chinese herbal bath in treating insomnia and analyze its herbal medication patterns.[Methods]Clinical data of 200 chronic insomnia patients treated at the Sleep Disorder Center of Taihe Hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=100 each).The observation group received head massage combined with Chinese herbal bath therapy,while the control group received Chinese herbal bath alone.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used for efficacy evaluation,and statistical analysis was performed on the frequency of herbal medications in herbal herbal bath formulas.[Results]The PSQI score improvement in the observation group(8.44±1.87)was significantly better than that in the control group(5.74±1.93)(P<0.01).Herbal formulas for external bath primarily contained mind-calming and heart-nourishing herbs(fried Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,Concha Margaritifera)and heat-clearing herbs(Rhizoma Coptidis,Radix Scutellariae).[Conclusions]The combination of head massage and Chinese herbal bath can significantly improve sleep quality in insomnia patients,demonstrating superior clinical efficacy compared with Chinese herbal bath alone.This combined therapy shows good safety and operability,warranting promotion in primary and specialized medical institutions.
文摘这座位于英国巴斯的简·奥斯汀中心让参观者领略到了《傲慢与偏见》作者简·奥斯汀笔下的风情与智慧。Jane Austen,a famous English writer,was born in December,1775.Although she died at just forty-two years of age,she completed six novels in her lifetime,which have been translated into dozens of languages,sold tens of millions of copies and have been adapted for television and film.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2901200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174383 and 52374412)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2022-YQ-09).
文摘To recover the valuable elements in Bayan Obo tailings,Fe-Si bath smelting reduction was adopted to separate and enrich rare earth elements(REE),niobium and titanium from the REE-Nb-Ti-containing slag.The reduction reaction process of the Fe-Si bath and the migration behavior of valuable elements in the solidification and crystallization process of silicothermic reduction tailings were investigated,and a treatment method for efficiently separating and enriching REE,Nb and Ti was explored.Thermodynamic analysis indicated that at 1600℃,with a 6 wt.%addition of Si as the reducing agent,the niobium oxide in the REE-Nb-Ti-containing slag could be selectively reduced to metallic Nb.In the Fe-Si bath reduction process,the Nb mass fraction in the metal phase increased with prolonged reaction time,peaking at 2.77%,while the Ti mass fraction consistently stayed below 0.12%.Lowering the w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2))enhanced the migration of Nb from slag to metal phase and reduced the Ti impurities.During solidification and crystallization,a significant quantity of perovskite precipitated from reduction tailings,with the REE dissolving into this perovskite.By adjusting the w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2))in tailings to 1.2-1.9 and maintaining a temperature of 1100℃for 4 h,the perovskite area fraction in the final slag could exceed 37%.Finally,a method was proposed to separate and enrich valuable elements in REE-Nb-Ti-containing slags via Fe-Si bath smelting reduction and crystallization control.
基金supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12304245,12374205,12475031,and 12364029)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant Nos.2462023YJRC031 and 2462024BJRC010)+4 种基金the National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering(Grant No.PRE/DX-2407)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024YQ017)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by BAST(Grant No.BYESS2023300)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young ScholarsThis work was also supported by Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics(Grant Nos.2023BNLCMPKF014 and 2024BNLCMPKF009).
文摘We conduct optical-tweezers experiments to investigate the average potential energies of passive plates harmonically trapped in bacterial suspensions.Our results show that the mean potential energies along both the major and minor axes increase with bacterial concentration but decrease with trap stiffness.Notably,the average potential energy along the major axis consistently exceeds that along the minor axis.This discrepancy from equilibrium systems is primarily attributed to the distinct bacterial flow fields and direct bacterium–plate collisions near the major and minor axes,as evidenced by the higher orientational order around the plate along the major compared to the minor axis,despite identical bacterial densities in these regions.Our findings highlight the critical role of hydrodynamic interactions in determining the potential energy of passive objects immersed in an active bath.
基金supported by study protocol(No.DMIHER(DU)IEC/2023/22).
文摘Objective:Breast cancer in India is growing at an alarming rate,and the fact that it is currently being detected more frequently in the younger age groups is even more concerning.In India,a woman dies of breast cancer every 8 min,which is a terrible situation.Breast cancer claims one life for every two women who are diagnosed with it.However,the morbidity level is gradually increasing due to advanced medical treatment,but we need to be aware and alert.Methods:The research has been structured as a randomized controlled trial.A total of 180 breast cancer patients were taken from Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital(AVBRH),Cancer Center Sawangi Meghe for the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria.With intervention,the period of the study was 11 months.A signed consent form was taken from each participant and based on the answers before,during,and after the trial the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v29.Results:The investigator believes that the Buerger-Allen exercise and Epsom salt foot bath will improve the symptoms in the symptomatic group of breast cancer patients and will prevent or delay the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy symptoms among the asymptomatic group as well as improve the overall quality of life(QoL).However,during the trial,if any of the study participants developed any side effects,they would be identified early and prompt treatment would be initiated.Conclusions:This study protocol aims to evaluate and compare the non-pharmacological treatment options for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN)and to develop a new treatment option that will pave the way to lead a new non-pharmacological cost-effective treatment option for breast cancer patients which also could improve the QoL.
文摘This study evaluated the effectiveness of Chinese herbal foot bath therapy in improving sleep quality among postpartum women of advanced maternal age.A quasi-experimental design was used,involving 60 participants with sleep disturbances recruited from Zouping County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Participants were divided into control and experimental groups,and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after the intervention.The experimental group received Chinese herbal foot bath therapy,while the control group did not.Post-intervention results showed a significant improvement in sleep quality for the experimental group,with a mean PSQI score of 7.79(SD=2.90),compared to 13.45(SD=2.57)in the control group,indicating continued poor sleep.Statistical analysis confirmed that the therapy led to significant improvements across overall and component PSQI scores.The study concludes that Chinese herbal foot bath therapy is a safe,non-invasive,and cost-effective method to enhance sleep quality among postpartum women,especially those of advanced maternal age.It holds promise as a complementary treatment option and could be integrated into standard postpartum care practices to address sleep disturbances without relying on pharmacological interventions.
文摘We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.
基金funded by the Joint Fund Project of Shaanxi(Grant No.2021JLM-32)the General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52374346).
文摘The bottom blowing element is the key equipment to ensure the bottom blowing effect of the converter.Three types of bottom blowing elements,dispersive type(D1),double circular seam(D2)and straight cylinder type(D3),were built,and the effects of bottom blowing element type on molten bath flow,wall erosion and furnace bottom erosion were simulated.It was found that when the bottom blowing elements of dispersive type(D1)and double circular seam(D2)were used,the dead zone area in the lower part of the molten bath was smaller,and the high-speed zone area was larger;therefore,the stirring effect on the bottom melt was better.When the straight cylinder type(D3)bottom blowing element was used,the gas penetrated the molten bath at a faster rate to reach the surface of molten bath and failed to disperse in the bottom molten bath,and the wall shear stress near the nozzle outlet was larger.When argon was blown by three different bottom blowing elements,the area of the wall shear stress greater than 3 Pa was 4.8,5.6 and 8.7 cm2,respectively,within 0.2 m of the bottom blowing nozzle outlet.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803304)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23B20153,U23A20138)+5 种基金Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(20221080065,20223080044)Independent Innovative Research Program(ZK20230101)Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment(Nos.SKLD21Z03 and SKLD20M03)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741888)The Chinese Thousand Talents Program for Young ProfessionalsState Grid Corporation of China,National Bio Energy Co.Ltd.,grant no.52789922000D.
文摘High power conversion efficiency(PCE)flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)are highly desired power sources for aerospace crafts and flexible electronics.However,their PCEs still lag far behind their rigid counterparts.Herein,we report a high PCE FPSC by controllable growth of a SnO_(2)electron transport layer through constant pH chemical bath deposition(CBD).The application of SnSO_(4)as tin source enables us to perform CBD without strong acid,which in turn makes it applicable to acid-sensitive flexible indium tin oxide.Furthermore,a mild and controllable growth environment leads to uniform particle growth and dense SnO_(2)deposition with full coverage and reproducibility,resulting in a record PCE of up to 25.09%(certified 24.90%)for FPSCs to date.The as-fabricated FPSCs exhibited high durability,maintaining over 90% of their initial PCE after 10000 bending cycles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208302)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(Nos.LQ21B020006,ZJ2022039)。
文摘A highly efficient and concise bromocyclization has been successfully achieved,in which tryptamine/tryptophol derivates can be transformed to valuable HPI/TFI scaffolds with economic and green manners.Moreover,a controllable cascade transformation of bromocyclization and aromatic bromination has also been smoothly achieved to form dibrominated HPIs and TFIs.Production could be successfully scaled up under both the batch process and a continuous flow fashion.The most remarkable peculiarity of our process over all previous methods is that the generated water is the major waste.Notably,successful application of this new protocol has been demonstrated by the pharmaceutical and natural products syntheses.
