AIM:To investigate the capabilities of large language models(LLM)for providing information and diagnoses in the field of neuro-ophthalmology by comparing the performances of ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0,Bard,and Bing.METHODS:E...AIM:To investigate the capabilities of large language models(LLM)for providing information and diagnoses in the field of neuro-ophthalmology by comparing the performances of ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0,Bard,and Bing.METHODS:Each chatbot was evaluated for four criteria,namely diagnostic success rate for the described case,answer quality,response speed,and critical keywords for diagnosis.The selected topics included optic neuritis,nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.RESULTS:In terms of diagnostic success rate for the described cases,Bard was unable to provide a diagnosis.The success rates for the described cases increased in the order of Bing,ChatGPT-3.5,and ChatGPT-4.0.Further,ChatGPT-4.0 and-3.5 provided the most satisfactory answer quality for judgment by neuro-ophthalmologists,with their sets of answers resembling the sample set most.Bard was only able to provide ten differential diagnoses in three trials.Bing scored the lowest for the satisfactory standard.A Mann-Whitney test indicated that Bard was significantly faster than ChatGPT-4.0(Z=-3.576,P=0.000),ChatGPT-3.5(Z=-3.576,P=0.000)and Bing(Z=-2.517,P=0.011).ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0 far exceeded the other two interfaces at providing diagnoses and were thus used to find the critical keywords for diagnosis.CONCLUSION:ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0 are better than Bard and Bing in terms of answer success rate,answer quality,and critical keywords for diagnosis in ophthalmology.This study has broad implications for the field of ophthalmology,providing further evidence that artificial intelligence LLM can aid clinical decision-making through free-text explanations.展开更多
目的研究BARD1(BRCA1 associated RING domain)在新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法应用PV-9000免疫组化两步法检测103例维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁石蜡包埋组织中BARD1的表达情况,分析BARD1的表达与患者...目的研究BARD1(BRCA1 associated RING domain)在新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法应用PV-9000免疫组化两步法检测103例维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁石蜡包埋组织中BARD1的表达情况,分析BARD1的表达与患者年龄、肿块大小、临床分期、淋巴结转移、绝经情况、组织分级、病理分型及雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体(HER-2)表达之间的关系,并分析其与乳腺癌预后之间的关系。结果(1)103例维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁组织中BARD1的阳性表达率分别为59.22%(61/103)、72.82%(75/103),乳腺癌组织中BARD1的表达低于癌旁组织,两组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BARD1在乳腺癌中的阳性表达部位在胞浆,在癌旁对照组织的阳性表达部位除了胞浆外,也见于胞核;BARD1在癌组织中的表达随肿块直径、临床分期、组织分级的不同其分布不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌组织中BARD1的表达与ER、PR、Her-2的表达之间不存在关联关系(P>0.05)。(3)BARD1表达越强,患者术后无瘤生存率越高(P<0.05)。结论BARD1基因蛋白的低表达或缺失在新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌的发生、发展过程中起重要的作用,BARD1蛋白表达检测对新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌的预后判断具有重要的指导意义。展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the capabilities of large language models(LLM)for providing information and diagnoses in the field of neuro-ophthalmology by comparing the performances of ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0,Bard,and Bing.METHODS:Each chatbot was evaluated for four criteria,namely diagnostic success rate for the described case,answer quality,response speed,and critical keywords for diagnosis.The selected topics included optic neuritis,nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.RESULTS:In terms of diagnostic success rate for the described cases,Bard was unable to provide a diagnosis.The success rates for the described cases increased in the order of Bing,ChatGPT-3.5,and ChatGPT-4.0.Further,ChatGPT-4.0 and-3.5 provided the most satisfactory answer quality for judgment by neuro-ophthalmologists,with their sets of answers resembling the sample set most.Bard was only able to provide ten differential diagnoses in three trials.Bing scored the lowest for the satisfactory standard.A Mann-Whitney test indicated that Bard was significantly faster than ChatGPT-4.0(Z=-3.576,P=0.000),ChatGPT-3.5(Z=-3.576,P=0.000)and Bing(Z=-2.517,P=0.011).ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0 far exceeded the other two interfaces at providing diagnoses and were thus used to find the critical keywords for diagnosis.CONCLUSION:ChatGPT-3.5 and-4.0 are better than Bard and Bing in terms of answer success rate,answer quality,and critical keywords for diagnosis in ophthalmology.This study has broad implications for the field of ophthalmology,providing further evidence that artificial intelligence LLM can aid clinical decision-making through free-text explanations.
文摘目的研究BARD1(BRCA1 associated RING domain)在新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法应用PV-9000免疫组化两步法检测103例维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁石蜡包埋组织中BARD1的表达情况,分析BARD1的表达与患者年龄、肿块大小、临床分期、淋巴结转移、绝经情况、组织分级、病理分型及雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体(HER-2)表达之间的关系,并分析其与乳腺癌预后之间的关系。结果(1)103例维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌及癌旁组织中BARD1的阳性表达率分别为59.22%(61/103)、72.82%(75/103),乳腺癌组织中BARD1的表达低于癌旁组织,两组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BARD1在乳腺癌中的阳性表达部位在胞浆,在癌旁对照组织的阳性表达部位除了胞浆外,也见于胞核;BARD1在癌组织中的表达随肿块直径、临床分期、组织分级的不同其分布不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌组织中BARD1的表达与ER、PR、Her-2的表达之间不存在关联关系(P>0.05)。(3)BARD1表达越强,患者术后无瘤生存率越高(P<0.05)。结论BARD1基因蛋白的低表达或缺失在新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌的发生、发展过程中起重要的作用,BARD1蛋白表达检测对新疆维吾尔族妇女乳腺癌的预后判断具有重要的指导意义。
