Objective:The objective of this study was to analyse fungal composition and exploit application potential in the Bantou(BT)agarwood-forming trunk of Aquilaria sinensis.Methods:BT agarwood is a naturally formed agarwoo...Objective:The objective of this study was to analyse fungal composition and exploit application potential in the Bantou(BT)agarwood-forming trunk of Aquilaria sinensis.Methods:BT agarwood is a naturally formed agarwood that was collected after cutting.Total genomic DNA of the fungi in BT agarwood was extracted by the hexadecyltrimethy ammonium bromide(CTAB)method,followed by PCR amplification and library construction.The effective tags were obtained by the HiSeq2500 platform,and the data were subjected to bioinformatics and statistical analyses.Results:A total of 7850040 effective tags were obtained,Ascomycota was the most abundant fungus at the phylum level,with a relative abundance of 56.36%–61.44%,followed by Basidiomycota,with a relative abundance of 10.49%–20.39%.Dothideomycetes,Agaricomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant at the class level,accounting for 26.21%–33.88%,8.40%–17.66%,and 18.41%–24.11%,respectively.Lignosphaeria,Phaeoacremonium and Hermatomyces were dominant at the genus level,with relative abundances of 6.25%–7.64%,1.95%–9.05%and 1.5%–5.4%,respectively.Diversity and richness analysis showed that the fungal composition in the agarwood formation sites(agarwood layer,upper agarwood layer and lower agarwood layer)were significantly lower than those in the decomposing layer and the healthy layer.That is,the fungal diversity and richness were significantly reduced during agarwood formation by the action of open wounds.The fungal community structure in the decomposing layer and agarwood formation sites obviously differed from that in the healthy layer.The number of Aspergillus taxa in agarwood formation sites decreased significantly(healthy layer is 0.5%,decomposing layer is 0.022%,upper agarwood layer is 0.012%,agarwood layer is 0.01%,and lower agarwood layer is 0.013%),indicating that agarwood may contain potential substances to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus.Conclusion:Agarwood from agarwood formation sites contains potential substances that inhibit Aspergillus,which provides valuable information for the control of the genus of Aspergillus.展开更多
对采自福建永安市下白垩统坂头组的似纵属Elatides雌球果化石进行了宏观形态和角质层特征的研究,这些球果均单独保存,较小,果鳞较多,螺旋状紧密排列,顶端收缩呈尖刺状,与Elatides的特征相符。根据球果的形态、果鳞及其球果中轴的特征,...对采自福建永安市下白垩统坂头组的似纵属Elatides雌球果化石进行了宏观形态和角质层特征的研究,这些球果均单独保存,较小,果鳞较多,螺旋状紧密排列,顶端收缩呈尖刺状,与Elatides的特征相符。根据球果的形态、果鳞及其球果中轴的特征,将这些球果鉴定为3个种,即永安似纵(新种)Elatides yonganensis Dai et Sun,sp.nov.、弯叶似纵(相似种)Elatidescf.curvifolius及一未定种Elatides sp.。其中重点描述了新种E.yonganensis的形态特征,该球果以中轴呈波状,果鳞顶端较长、较尖,腹面具有锯齿状的膜质小舌,每一果鳞具有大概5枚种子而区别于以前报道的任一已知种。同时对中国的Elatides化石记录进行了收集整理,Elatides属的球果化石在福建永安坂头组的发现表明其分布区可达25°N,丰富了该属植物的化石记录并扩大了其分布范围。展开更多
对福建永安市下白垩统坂头组保存较好的真蕨类营养叶化石枝脉蕨Cladophlebis进行了叶片形态及角质层微细构造特征的分析,该化石至少二次羽状分裂,末二次羽轴粗,小羽片小,全缘,排列紧密,中脉明显,侧脉密集,多数一次分叉;上表皮无气孔器,...对福建永安市下白垩统坂头组保存较好的真蕨类营养叶化石枝脉蕨Cladophlebis进行了叶片形态及角质层微细构造特征的分析,该化石至少二次羽状分裂,末二次羽轴粗,小羽片小,全缘,排列紧密,中脉明显,侧脉密集,多数一次分叉;上表皮无气孔器,细胞轮廓不清晰,偶见表皮毛;下表皮具气孔器,呈纵向带状排列;表皮细胞长方形或呈条带状;垂周壁加厚,较直;平周壁波状突起;气孔器近圆形,具明显拱盖,保卫细胞弱角质化,副卫细胞分化不明显.对当前化石小羽片解剖学特征的分析填补了该属植物化石叶片角质层微细构造特征的空白,进一步将其与现生紫萁Osmunda joponsica以及部分真蕨类化石的表皮特征进行对比,结合宏观形态和角质层特征的分析及其与相似种类的比较,将永安的标本命名为一新种,永安枝脉蕨Cladophlebis yonganensis Dai et B.N.Sun,sp.nov.,并且推断当前化石代表了某一类已经灭绝的真蕨类植物.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development(No.2022YFC3501504)the Key Project of Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2022SHFZ035)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2021-I2M-1-032)。
文摘Objective:The objective of this study was to analyse fungal composition and exploit application potential in the Bantou(BT)agarwood-forming trunk of Aquilaria sinensis.Methods:BT agarwood is a naturally formed agarwood that was collected after cutting.Total genomic DNA of the fungi in BT agarwood was extracted by the hexadecyltrimethy ammonium bromide(CTAB)method,followed by PCR amplification and library construction.The effective tags were obtained by the HiSeq2500 platform,and the data were subjected to bioinformatics and statistical analyses.Results:A total of 7850040 effective tags were obtained,Ascomycota was the most abundant fungus at the phylum level,with a relative abundance of 56.36%–61.44%,followed by Basidiomycota,with a relative abundance of 10.49%–20.39%.Dothideomycetes,Agaricomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant at the class level,accounting for 26.21%–33.88%,8.40%–17.66%,and 18.41%–24.11%,respectively.Lignosphaeria,Phaeoacremonium and Hermatomyces were dominant at the genus level,with relative abundances of 6.25%–7.64%,1.95%–9.05%and 1.5%–5.4%,respectively.Diversity and richness analysis showed that the fungal composition in the agarwood formation sites(agarwood layer,upper agarwood layer and lower agarwood layer)were significantly lower than those in the decomposing layer and the healthy layer.That is,the fungal diversity and richness were significantly reduced during agarwood formation by the action of open wounds.The fungal community structure in the decomposing layer and agarwood formation sites obviously differed from that in the healthy layer.The number of Aspergillus taxa in agarwood formation sites decreased significantly(healthy layer is 0.5%,decomposing layer is 0.022%,upper agarwood layer is 0.012%,agarwood layer is 0.01%,and lower agarwood layer is 0.013%),indicating that agarwood may contain potential substances to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus.Conclusion:Agarwood from agarwood formation sites contains potential substances that inhibit Aspergillus,which provides valuable information for the control of the genus of Aspergillus.
文摘对采自福建永安市下白垩统坂头组的似纵属Elatides雌球果化石进行了宏观形态和角质层特征的研究,这些球果均单独保存,较小,果鳞较多,螺旋状紧密排列,顶端收缩呈尖刺状,与Elatides的特征相符。根据球果的形态、果鳞及其球果中轴的特征,将这些球果鉴定为3个种,即永安似纵(新种)Elatides yonganensis Dai et Sun,sp.nov.、弯叶似纵(相似种)Elatidescf.curvifolius及一未定种Elatides sp.。其中重点描述了新种E.yonganensis的形态特征,该球果以中轴呈波状,果鳞顶端较长、较尖,腹面具有锯齿状的膜质小舌,每一果鳞具有大概5枚种子而区别于以前报道的任一已知种。同时对中国的Elatides化石记录进行了收集整理,Elatides属的球果化石在福建永安坂头组的发现表明其分布区可达25°N,丰富了该属植物的化石记录并扩大了其分布范围。
文摘对福建永安市下白垩统坂头组保存较好的真蕨类营养叶化石枝脉蕨Cladophlebis进行了叶片形态及角质层微细构造特征的分析,该化石至少二次羽状分裂,末二次羽轴粗,小羽片小,全缘,排列紧密,中脉明显,侧脉密集,多数一次分叉;上表皮无气孔器,细胞轮廓不清晰,偶见表皮毛;下表皮具气孔器,呈纵向带状排列;表皮细胞长方形或呈条带状;垂周壁加厚,较直;平周壁波状突起;气孔器近圆形,具明显拱盖,保卫细胞弱角质化,副卫细胞分化不明显.对当前化石小羽片解剖学特征的分析填补了该属植物化石叶片角质层微细构造特征的空白,进一步将其与现生紫萁Osmunda joponsica以及部分真蕨类化石的表皮特征进行对比,结合宏观形态和角质层特征的分析及其与相似种类的比较,将永安的标本命名为一新种,永安枝脉蕨Cladophlebis yonganensis Dai et B.N.Sun,sp.nov.,并且推断当前化石代表了某一类已经灭绝的真蕨类植物.
