The second half of the previous century witnessed a tremendous rise in the number of clinical kidney transplants worldwide.This activity was,however,accompanied by many issues and challenges.An accurate diagnosis and ...The second half of the previous century witnessed a tremendous rise in the number of clinical kidney transplants worldwide.This activity was,however,accompanied by many issues and challenges.An accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of causes of graft dysfunction were and still are,a big challenge.Kidney allograft biopsy played a vital role in addressing the above challenge.However,its interpretation was not standardized for many years until,in 1991,the Banff process was started to fill this void.Thereafter,regular Banff meetings took place every 2 years for the past 30 years.Marked changes have taken place in the interpretation of kidney allograft biopsies,diagnosis,and classification of rejection and other non-rejection pathologies from the original Banff 93 classification.This review attempts to summarize those changes for increasing the awareness and understanding of kidney allograft pathology through the eyes of the Banff process.It will interest the transplant surgeons,physicians,pathologists,and allied professionals associated with the care of kidney transplant patients.展开更多
Seasonal population fluctuations and diversity of anoxygenic phototrophs and cyanobacteria at the Sulphur Mountain thermal springs, Banff, Canada were investigated and compared to drastic population changes of the end...Seasonal population fluctuations and diversity of anoxygenic phototrophs and cyanobacteria at the Sulphur Mountain thermal springs, Banff, Canada were investigated and compared to drastic population changes of the endangered snail Physella johnsoni. The microbial community revealed new species of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria with novel spectral and morphological characteristics. Major mat-forming organisms included densely growing Thiothrix-like species, oxygenic phototrophs of the genera Spirulina, Oscillatoria, and Phormidium and purple nonsulfur bacteria Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodomicrobium. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs comprised a significant portion, upwards of 9.6 × 104 CFU/cm2 of mat or 18.9% of total aerobic heterotrophic isolates, while PNSB and purple sulfur bacteria were quantified at maximum abundance of 3.2 × 105 and 2.0 × 106 CFU/cm2 of mat, respectively. Photosynthetic activity revealed incredibly productive carbon fixation rates, averaging 40.5 mg C/cm2/day at one studied spring system. A temporal mismatch was observed for mat area and available organics to the fluctuation of P. johnsoni population in a tracking inertia manner. Mat chlorophyll a content appeared directly proportional to snail numbers making it an appropriate indicator of population. This survey of the Sulphur springs microbial communities suggests that phototrophic species are among the main determinants to the proliferation of P. johnsoni.展开更多
Banff移植病理学会议（Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology，简称Banff会议）是国际最高水平的移植病理学研讨会。首届会议于1991年在加拿大的Banff国家公园举行，遂以此命名[1]。Banff会议经研讨建立了Banff移植肾活组织检查（...Banff移植病理学会议（Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology，简称Banff会议）是国际最高水平的移植病理学研讨会。首届会议于1991年在加拿大的Banff国家公园举行，遂以此命名[1]。Banff会议经研讨建立了Banff移植肾活组织检查（以下简称活检）病理学诊断标准并得到国际各移植中心的广泛采用，随后逐渐建立了移植肝、移植心脏、移植胰腺、移植小肠和复合组织移植等活检诊断标准。展开更多
基金the Roche Organ Transplantation Research Foundation Grant 608390948 awarded to Dr. Kim Solez which allowed establishing the Banff Foundation for Allograft Pathology+15 种基金the receipt of sponsorship from Astellas Alexion Novartis One Lambda Renal Pathology Society American Society of Transplantation Wiley Qiagen Canadian Institute for Health Research Immucor Bridge to Life Organ Recovery Systems Transplant Connect Glycorex Transplantation Transpath Inc.the University of Alberta
文摘The second half of the previous century witnessed a tremendous rise in the number of clinical kidney transplants worldwide.This activity was,however,accompanied by many issues and challenges.An accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of causes of graft dysfunction were and still are,a big challenge.Kidney allograft biopsy played a vital role in addressing the above challenge.However,its interpretation was not standardized for many years until,in 1991,the Banff process was started to fill this void.Thereafter,regular Banff meetings took place every 2 years for the past 30 years.Marked changes have taken place in the interpretation of kidney allograft biopsies,diagnosis,and classification of rejection and other non-rejection pathologies from the original Banff 93 classification.This review attempts to summarize those changes for increasing the awareness and understanding of kidney allograft pathology through the eyes of the Banff process.It will interest the transplant surgeons,physicians,pathologists,and allied professionals associated with the care of kidney transplant patients.
文摘Seasonal population fluctuations and diversity of anoxygenic phototrophs and cyanobacteria at the Sulphur Mountain thermal springs, Banff, Canada were investigated and compared to drastic population changes of the endangered snail Physella johnsoni. The microbial community revealed new species of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria with novel spectral and morphological characteristics. Major mat-forming organisms included densely growing Thiothrix-like species, oxygenic phototrophs of the genera Spirulina, Oscillatoria, and Phormidium and purple nonsulfur bacteria Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodomicrobium. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs comprised a significant portion, upwards of 9.6 × 104 CFU/cm2 of mat or 18.9% of total aerobic heterotrophic isolates, while PNSB and purple sulfur bacteria were quantified at maximum abundance of 3.2 × 105 and 2.0 × 106 CFU/cm2 of mat, respectively. Photosynthetic activity revealed incredibly productive carbon fixation rates, averaging 40.5 mg C/cm2/day at one studied spring system. A temporal mismatch was observed for mat area and available organics to the fluctuation of P. johnsoni population in a tracking inertia manner. Mat chlorophyll a content appeared directly proportional to snail numbers making it an appropriate indicator of population. This survey of the Sulphur springs microbial communities suggests that phototrophic species are among the main determinants to the proliferation of P. johnsoni.
文摘Banff移植病理学会议（Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology，简称Banff会议）是国际最高水平的移植病理学研讨会。首届会议于1991年在加拿大的Banff国家公园举行，遂以此命名[1]。Banff会议经研讨建立了Banff移植肾活组织检查（以下简称活检）病理学诊断标准并得到国际各移植中心的广泛采用，随后逐渐建立了移植肝、移植心脏、移植胰腺、移植小肠和复合组织移植等活检诊断标准。
