Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at2%,4%and6%of bamboo leaf ash(BLA)which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement.The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior pro...Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at2%,4%and6%of bamboo leaf ash(BLA)which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement.The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles.The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density,porosity,hardness and tensile strength.The results were compared with basic matrix alloy.Furthermore,the OM,SEM with EDAX and XRD analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy.It was observed that the homogeneous distribution of BLA particles in composites was intragranular in nature.Moreover,it was also observed that BLA particles were well bonded with matrix alloy with clear interface.It was also found that the density decreased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles and porosity increased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles.The hardness and tensile strength were increased up to4%of BLA in the composite,with a further increase in BLA content the hardness and tensile strength decreased.展开更多
We investigated the fuel characteristics of five important bamboo species viz., Dendrocalamus strictus, D. brandisii, D. stocksii, Bambusa bambos and B. balcooa. The selected species cover more than 85% of the total g...We investigated the fuel characteristics of five important bamboo species viz., Dendrocalamus strictus, D. brandisii, D. stocksii, Bambusa bambos and B. balcooa. The selected species cover more than 85% of the total growing stock of bamboo in India. Basic density varied from 0.48 to 0.78 g.cm-3 among the bamboo species studied. Ash content, volatile matter content and fixed carbon content ranged between 1.4%-3.0%, 77.2%-80.8% and 17.6%-21.1%, respectively. Variation in calorific value （18.7-19.6 MJ-kg-l） was marginal. Fuel value index var- ied widely （586-2120） among bamboo species. The highest calorific value （19.6 MJ.kg＂l） and fuel value index （2120） were found in B. bal- cooa. Ash elemental analysis revealed that silica and potassium are the major ash forming minerals in bamboo biomass. Silica content ranged from 8.7% to 49.0%, while potassium ranged from 20.6% to 69.8%. We studied combustion characteristics under oxidizing atmosphere. Burning profiles of the samples were derived by applying the derivative thermo- gravimetric technique which is discussed in detail. The five bamboo species were different in their combustion behaviour, mainly due to differences in physical and chemical properties. We compare fuel prop- erties, ash elemental analysis and combustion characteristics of bamboo biomass with wood biomass of Eucalyptus hybrid （Eucalyptus tereticor- his × Eucalyptus camaldulensis）.展开更多
This study investigates the potential of bamboo ash (CB) and sugarcane bagasse ash (CBCS) as sustainable filler and reinforcement materials to optimize the moisture resistance of bituminous concrete. The research addr...This study investigates the potential of bamboo ash (CB) and sugarcane bagasse ash (CBCS) as sustainable filler and reinforcement materials to optimize the moisture resistance of bituminous concrete. The research addresses critical environmental and economic challenges by proposing the valorization of these agricultural by-products, which are rich in silica (SiO2) and possess pozzolanic properties, to improve the mechanical performance and durability of bituminous mixtures. Material characterization revealed the suitability of CB and CBCS due to their mineralogical composition and adherence to engineering standards for filler materials. Four formulations were tested, including a control sample and mixtures incorporating 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% CB and CBCS. The mixture with 0.3% of each ash demonstrated optimal results, significantly enhancing Marshall stability, compactness, and fatigue resistance compared to the control sample. Durability assessments, including water sensitivity and freeze-thaw cycle tests, indicated superior performance of the modified mixtures, with reduced moisture-induced damage and enhanced resistance to extreme climatic conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses confirmed improved microstructural integrity, showing strong adhesion between ash particles and the bitumen matrix, reduced porosity, and limited microcracking. In addition to mechanical and durability improvements, the integration of CB and CBCS offers substantial environmental and economic benefits. The study demonstrates a reduction in CO2 emissions and production costs, positioning these ashes as viable solutions for sustainable road construction. This research underscores the potential of incorporating agricultural by-products in bituminous concrete, achieving dual benefits: enhancing infrastructure durability and promoting sustainable resource utilization.展开更多
基金the National Institute of Technology,Manipur,Imphal-India for financial support to carry out the experiment by Mr. B. Praveen Kumar,full time research scholar,enrolment number (15PME004),under the guidance of Dr. Anil Kumar Birru,assistant professor and head of Department of Mechanical Engineering,NIT MANIPUR
文摘Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at2%,4%and6%of bamboo leaf ash(BLA)which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement.The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles.The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density,porosity,hardness and tensile strength.The results were compared with basic matrix alloy.Furthermore,the OM,SEM with EDAX and XRD analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy.It was observed that the homogeneous distribution of BLA particles in composites was intragranular in nature.Moreover,it was also observed that BLA particles were well bonded with matrix alloy with clear interface.It was also found that the density decreased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles and porosity increased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles.The hardness and tensile strength were increased up to4%of BLA in the composite,with a further increase in BLA content the hardness and tensile strength decreased.
文摘We investigated the fuel characteristics of five important bamboo species viz., Dendrocalamus strictus, D. brandisii, D. stocksii, Bambusa bambos and B. balcooa. The selected species cover more than 85% of the total growing stock of bamboo in India. Basic density varied from 0.48 to 0.78 g.cm-3 among the bamboo species studied. Ash content, volatile matter content and fixed carbon content ranged between 1.4%-3.0%, 77.2%-80.8% and 17.6%-21.1%, respectively. Variation in calorific value （18.7-19.6 MJ-kg-l） was marginal. Fuel value index var- ied widely （586-2120） among bamboo species. The highest calorific value （19.6 MJ.kg＂l） and fuel value index （2120） were found in B. bal- cooa. Ash elemental analysis revealed that silica and potassium are the major ash forming minerals in bamboo biomass. Silica content ranged from 8.7% to 49.0%, while potassium ranged from 20.6% to 69.8%. We studied combustion characteristics under oxidizing atmosphere. Burning profiles of the samples were derived by applying the derivative thermo- gravimetric technique which is discussed in detail. The five bamboo species were different in their combustion behaviour, mainly due to differences in physical and chemical properties. We compare fuel prop- erties, ash elemental analysis and combustion characteristics of bamboo biomass with wood biomass of Eucalyptus hybrid （Eucalyptus tereticor- his × Eucalyptus camaldulensis）.
文摘This study investigates the potential of bamboo ash (CB) and sugarcane bagasse ash (CBCS) as sustainable filler and reinforcement materials to optimize the moisture resistance of bituminous concrete. The research addresses critical environmental and economic challenges by proposing the valorization of these agricultural by-products, which are rich in silica (SiO2) and possess pozzolanic properties, to improve the mechanical performance and durability of bituminous mixtures. Material characterization revealed the suitability of CB and CBCS due to their mineralogical composition and adherence to engineering standards for filler materials. Four formulations were tested, including a control sample and mixtures incorporating 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% CB and CBCS. The mixture with 0.3% of each ash demonstrated optimal results, significantly enhancing Marshall stability, compactness, and fatigue resistance compared to the control sample. Durability assessments, including water sensitivity and freeze-thaw cycle tests, indicated superior performance of the modified mixtures, with reduced moisture-induced damage and enhanced resistance to extreme climatic conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses confirmed improved microstructural integrity, showing strong adhesion between ash particles and the bitumen matrix, reduced porosity, and limited microcracking. In addition to mechanical and durability improvements, the integration of CB and CBCS offers substantial environmental and economic benefits. The study demonstrates a reduction in CO2 emissions and production costs, positioning these ashes as viable solutions for sustainable road construction. This research underscores the potential of incorporating agricultural by-products in bituminous concrete, achieving dual benefits: enhancing infrastructure durability and promoting sustainable resource utilization.
