The most common medications for the treatment of zoonotic toxoplasmosis are pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine,which may cause serious undesirable side effects.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics.Ba...The most common medications for the treatment of zoonotic toxoplasmosis are pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine,which may cause serious undesirable side effects.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics.Baicalein(BAI,C_(15)H_(10)O_(5))has been shown to perform well against protozoan parasites including Leishmania and Cryptosporidium.In this study,the inhibition efficacy of BAI on Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated using plaque,invasion,and intracellular proliferation assays.BAI effectively inhibited T.gondii(half-maximum inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))=6.457×10^(−5)mol/L),with a reduced invasion rate(33.56%)and intracellular proliferation,and exhibited low cytotoxicity(half-maximum toxicity concentration(TC_(50))=5.929×10^(−4)mol/L).Further investigation using a mouse model shed light on the inhibitory efficacy of BAI against T.gondii,as well as the potential mechanisms underlying its anti-parasitic effects.The survival time of T.gondii-infected ICR mice treated with BAI was remarkably extended,and their parasite burdens in the liver and spleen were greatly reduced compared with those of the negative control group.Histopathological examination of live sections revealed effective therapeutic outcomes in the treatment groups,with no notable pathological alterations observed.Furthermore,alterations in cytokine levels indicated that BAI not only effectively suppressed the growth of T.gondii but also prevented excessive inflammation in mice.Collectively,these findings underscore the significant inhibitory efficacy of BAI against T.gondii,positioning it as a promising alternative therapeutic agent for toxoplasmosis.展开更多
In recent years,many phase space distributions have been proposed,and one of the more independently interesting is the Bai distribution function(BDF).The BDF has been shown to interpolate between the instantaneous aut...In recent years,many phase space distributions have been proposed,and one of the more independently interesting is the Bai distribution function(BDF).The BDF has been shown to interpolate between the instantaneous auto-correlation function and the Wigner distribution function,and be applied in linear frequency modulated signal parameter estimation and optical partial coherence areas.Currently,the BDF is only defined for continuous signals.However,for both simulation and experimental purposes,the signals must be discrete.This necessitates the development of a BDF analysis workflow for discrete signals.In this work,we analyze the sampling requirements imposed by the BDF and demonstrate their correctness by comparing the continuous BDFs of continuous test signals with their numerically approximated counterparts.Our results permit more accurate simulations using BDFs,which will be useful in applying them to problems such as partial coherence.展开更多
Metonymy is not only regarded as a figure of speech,but also an important cognitive instrument of human beings.There are many types of metonymies in Li Bai's poems.Metonymy can make the language vivid and reflect ...Metonymy is not only regarded as a figure of speech,but also an important cognitive instrument of human beings.There are many types of metonymies in Li Bai's poems.Metonymy can make the language vivid and reflect poet's mode of knowing and thinking about the world.This paper proposes five strategies for translation of metonymy in Li Bai's poems from the perspective of cognitive linguis tics.展开更多
Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard...Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard to three aspects, including the translation of hidden personae, the selection of the tense and aspectas well as the rendition of poetic rhythms. The author holds the view that, on the one hand, different textual interpretations have gone a long way toward the dissemination of the original poem in the English-speaking world;on the other hand, the translator's proper understanding and rendition is of great significance with a view to a better presentation of the unique beauty of Chinese poetry both in the content and the form.展开更多
To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and subgenotypes among the Bai nationality in Dali, a total of 100 serum samples from patients with chronic HBV-infection were collected for the det...To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and subgenotypes among the Bai nationality in Dali, a total of 100 serum samples from patients with chronic HBV-infection were collected for the detection of HBV genotypes and subgenotypes by genotype-specific primers and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP), respectively. Among the 100 samples, the proportions of genotype B, C and mixed genotype (B+C) were 41%, 25% and 34%, respectively. All the genotype B strains belonged to subgenotype Ba. In genotype C, 84% were Subgenotype Cs and 12% were subgenotype Ce. The distribution of genotypes B, C and B+C showed no significant difference between male and female patients (P=0.182) and among the age groups of patients (P=0.812). The rates of HBeAg/HBeAg positivity were no significantly different among genotypes B, genotype C and mixed genotype (B+C) (P=0.077/P=0.663). In Dali, genotypes B, B+C and C existed among Bai nationality with chronic HBV-infection, and genotype B was the major genotype. Subgenotypes Ba and Cs were the predominant strains in patients with HBV genotype B/C infection. The most prominent characteristic was the higher prevalent rate of mixed genotype (B+C) in patients.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32370997)the Key Projects Jointly Constructed by the Ministry and the Province of Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2545)+2 种基金the Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024ZL367)the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province(No.2024KY923)the Foundation of GuoTai(Taizhou)Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals(No.GTKF(23)001),China.
文摘The most common medications for the treatment of zoonotic toxoplasmosis are pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine,which may cause serious undesirable side effects.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics.Baicalein(BAI,C_(15)H_(10)O_(5))has been shown to perform well against protozoan parasites including Leishmania and Cryptosporidium.In this study,the inhibition efficacy of BAI on Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated using plaque,invasion,and intracellular proliferation assays.BAI effectively inhibited T.gondii(half-maximum inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))=6.457×10^(−5)mol/L),with a reduced invasion rate(33.56%)and intracellular proliferation,and exhibited low cytotoxicity(half-maximum toxicity concentration(TC_(50))=5.929×10^(−4)mol/L).Further investigation using a mouse model shed light on the inhibitory efficacy of BAI against T.gondii,as well as the potential mechanisms underlying its anti-parasitic effects.The survival time of T.gondii-infected ICR mice treated with BAI was remarkably extended,and their parasite burdens in the liver and spleen were greatly reduced compared with those of the negative control group.Histopathological examination of live sections revealed effective therapeutic outcomes in the treatment groups,with no notable pathological alterations observed.Furthermore,alterations in cytokine levels indicated that BAI not only effectively suppressed the growth of T.gondii but also prevented excessive inflammation in mice.Collectively,these findings underscore the significant inhibitory efficacy of BAI against T.gondii,positioning it as a promising alternative therapeutic agent for toxoplasmosis.
基金the support of the University College Dublin through a John Sheridan Scholarship.Min Wan thanks 4TU.RECENTRE program(Award No.OA102070)the National Growth Fund programme PhotonDelta in The Netherlands.
文摘In recent years,many phase space distributions have been proposed,and one of the more independently interesting is the Bai distribution function(BDF).The BDF has been shown to interpolate between the instantaneous auto-correlation function and the Wigner distribution function,and be applied in linear frequency modulated signal parameter estimation and optical partial coherence areas.Currently,the BDF is only defined for continuous signals.However,for both simulation and experimental purposes,the signals must be discrete.This necessitates the development of a BDF analysis workflow for discrete signals.In this work,we analyze the sampling requirements imposed by the BDF and demonstrate their correctness by comparing the continuous BDFs of continuous test signals with their numerically approximated counterparts.Our results permit more accurate simulations using BDFs,which will be useful in applying them to problems such as partial coherence.
文摘Metonymy is not only regarded as a figure of speech,but also an important cognitive instrument of human beings.There are many types of metonymies in Li Bai's poems.Metonymy can make the language vivid and reflect poet's mode of knowing and thinking about the world.This paper proposes five strategies for translation of metonymy in Li Bai's poems from the perspective of cognitive linguis tics.
文摘Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard to three aspects, including the translation of hidden personae, the selection of the tense and aspectas well as the rendition of poetic rhythms. The author holds the view that, on the one hand, different textual interpretations have gone a long way toward the dissemination of the original poem in the English-speaking world;on the other hand, the translator's proper understanding and rendition is of great significance with a view to a better presentation of the unique beauty of Chinese poetry both in the content and the form.
文摘To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and subgenotypes among the Bai nationality in Dali, a total of 100 serum samples from patients with chronic HBV-infection were collected for the detection of HBV genotypes and subgenotypes by genotype-specific primers and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP), respectively. Among the 100 samples, the proportions of genotype B, C and mixed genotype (B+C) were 41%, 25% and 34%, respectively. All the genotype B strains belonged to subgenotype Ba. In genotype C, 84% were Subgenotype Cs and 12% were subgenotype Ce. The distribution of genotypes B, C and B+C showed no significant difference between male and female patients (P=0.182) and among the age groups of patients (P=0.812). The rates of HBeAg/HBeAg positivity were no significantly different among genotypes B, genotype C and mixed genotype (B+C) (P=0.077/P=0.663). In Dali, genotypes B, B+C and C existed among Bai nationality with chronic HBV-infection, and genotype B was the major genotype. Subgenotypes Ba and Cs were the predominant strains in patients with HBV genotype B/C infection. The most prominent characteristic was the higher prevalent rate of mixed genotype (B+C) in patients.
