[ Objective] To investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of Chinese herbal medicines （ rhubarb, Baikal skullcap root, honeysuckle, eucommia bark and Chinese date） and their compounds against two common patho...[ Objective] To investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of Chinese herbal medicines （ rhubarb, Baikal skullcap root, honeysuckle, eucommia bark and Chinese date） and their compounds against two common pathogens of Scylla serrata （ Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila）. [Method] Drug sensitivity of the bacteria was determined by paper method. Minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） were determined by dilution method and plate method, respectively. [Result] The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on V. parahaemolyticus were Baikal skullcap root 〉 honeysuckle 〉 rhubarb 〉 Chinese date 〉 eucommia bark. The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were A =B = C 〉 D. Among these medicines, the Baikal skullcap root and the compounds A, B, C and D had better bactericidal effects on V. parahaemolyticus. The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on A. hydrophila was rhubarb 〉 Baikal skullcap root 〉 honeysuckle 〉 Chinese date 〉 eucommia bark. The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were A 〉 B 〉 C = D, while the rhubarb and the compound C had better bactericidal effects on A. hydrophila. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal medicines including rhubarb, Baikal skullcap root, honeysuckle, eucommia bark and Chinese date have good bacteriostatic effects on V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila, and they can be used to treat bacterial infection in Scylla serrata.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the potential applications and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants as bacteriostatic agents,utilizing snow lotus as a case study through network pharmacology.[Methods]The TCMSP and HIT ...[Objectives]To investigate the potential applications and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants as bacteriostatic agents,utilizing snow lotus as a case study through network pharmacology.[Methods]The TCMSP and HIT 2.0 databases were employed to screen and obtain the active components and corresponding targets of snow lotus.The identified targets were subsequently intersected with the antibacterial and bacteriostatic targets sourced from the GeneCards and OMIM databases,resulting in the identification of the antibacterial and bacteriostatic targets associated with snow lotus.Cytoscape software was employed to construct the network diagram illustrating the active components and their corresponding action targets for snow lotus,as well as to analyze the network s topology.Additionally,GO enrichment analysis of the action targets was conducted utilizing the DAVID database.[Results]A total of 12 active components of snow lotus were identified through screening,which corresponded to 294 action targets.Subsequent analysis revealed 117 core action targets of snow lotus that exhibit antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties.The results from the network diagram suggested that snow lotus may exert its antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects through active components such as quercetin,apigenin,and luteolin.Additionally,it appeared to activate the immunomodulatory functions of the human body by interacting with targets such as CASP3,TNF,and IL-6.[Conclusions]Snow lotus may demonstrate antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties through mechanisms of action that involve multiple components,targets,and pathways,from in vivo and in vitro multiple pathways.The integration of botanical bacteriostatic agents with chemical disinfectants that possess broad-spectrum bactericidal effects is advantageous for broadening the bactericidal spectrum and minimizing irritation,in order to facilitate the development of more environmentally friendly and low-toxicity disinfection and bacteriostatic products.展开更多
Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and heal...Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and health issues.We investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG)and Magnolia officinalis(MO).On mycelial growth,sporangium formation,and zoospore release of P.nicotianae.Both extracts inhibited the growth of P.nicotianae,with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 88.92%and 93.92%,respectively,at 40 mg/mL,and EC50 values of 5.39 and 5.74 mg/mL,respectively.The underlying mechanisms were the inhibition of sporangium formation,the reduction of zoospore number,and the destruction of the mycelium structure.At an SBG extract concentration of 16.17 mg/mL,the inhibition rates for sporangia and zoospores were 98.66%and 99.39%,respectively.At an MO extract concentration of 2.87 mg/mL,the production of sporangia and zoospores was completely inhibited.The hyphae treated with the two plant extracts showed different degrees of deformation and damage.Hyphae treated with SBG extract showed adhesion and local swelling,whereas treatment with MO extract resulted in broken hyphae.Mixture of the extracts resulted in a good synergistic effect.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of Common Cnidium Fruit using network pharmacology.[Methods]Active components and targets of Common Cnidium Fruit were screened and obtained using the TCMSP datab...[Objectives]To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of Common Cnidium Fruit using network pharmacology.[Methods]Active components and targets of Common Cnidium Fruit were screened and obtained using the TCMSP database and HIT2.0 database.The collected targets were intersected with antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets obtained from the GeneCards database and OMIM database to identify the antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets of Common Cnidium Fruit.The active component-target network diagram of Common Cnidium Fruit was constructed using Cytoscape software and topological analysis was performed.GO enrichment analysis was performed on the target genes using the DAVID database.[Results]Screening yielded 25 active components of Common Cnidium Fruit,corresponding to 77 targets.Analysis identified 25 core antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets for Common Cnidium Fruit.Network analysis indicated that Common Cnidium Fruit may exert antibacterial/bacteriostatic effects through active components such asβ-sitosterol,stigmasterol,and xanthoxylin,while activating the body's immune regulatory functions by acting on targets including CASP3,PTGS2,BCL2,JUN,and ESR1.[Conclusions]Common Cnidium Fruit may exert antibacterial/bacteriostatic effects through multiple pathways via a mechanism involving multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.展开更多
Several of the fungal species associated with Fuzhuan brick tea(FBT)are considered as potential probiotics,but few studies have investigated the probiotic properties of these fungi.Here,we isolated 18 fungal strains f...Several of the fungal species associated with Fuzhuan brick tea(FBT)are considered as potential probiotics,but few studies have investigated the probiotic properties of these fungi.Here,we isolated 18 fungal strains from two types of FBT and identified these strains based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS)fragment sequence similarity to reference strains(sequence similarity>98%).Of the 18 strains,10 tolerated simulated human digestive conditions for sufficient periods in vitro:pH 2-3,0.3%-0.5%(m/V)bile salts,and artificial gastrointestinal juices.We then measured the antimicrobial activity of the remaining 10 strains against 5 enteropathogenic bacteria and tested the bacteriostatic effects of the thalli and fermentation broth extracts.Of the 6 strains with strong bacteriostatic effects,we eliminated Eurotium cristatum S-9 due to its low hydrophobicity of(26.12±0.35)%.Finally,2 exhibited good adhesion abilities to human cells(>100%).Notably,2 strains can survive in vivo,because they can be isolated from C57BL/6 mice feces.Thus,2 strains,Aspergillus cristatus H-1 and A.cristatus H-5,are herein identified as promising candidate probiotic strains.It may be put forward a novel research focus on evaluating potential probiotic fungi from FBT.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation on the bioactive compounds,volatile compounds,rheological properties and bacteriostatic activities of fig juices...The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation on the bioactive compounds,volatile compounds,rheological properties and bacteriostatic activities of fig juices sup-plemented with oligosaccharides,namely fructooligosaccharides(FOS),galactooligosaccharides(GOS),iso-maltooligosaccharides(IMO),xylooligosaccharides(XOS),stachyose(SOE)and mannanoligosaccharides(MOS).Results showed that SOE,FOS and IMO supplementations stimulated the proliferation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum,especially for SOE,exhibiting the highest viable bacterial counts(9.84 log CFU/mL).Oligosaccharides supplementation accelerated the conversion of carbohydrates to organic acids,and increased the total contents of flavonoid(TFC)and carotenoid(TCC)during fermentation,of which FOS exhibited the greatest increases in TFC(66.28 mg RE/L)and TCC(0.032 mg/L).Furthermore,the highest levels of DPPH RSA(65.88%)and ABTS RSA(66.24%)were found in fermented fig juice supplemented with MOS,while the highest level of FRAP(0.97 mmol Trolox/L)and protocatechuic acid(6.97 mg/L)was observed in that with GOS.The total contents of alcohols and esters were significantly increased,while aldehyde content was decreased by oligosaccharides supplementation.In addition,oligosaccharides supplementation decreased the apparent viscosity of fermented juices.Fermented juices supplemented with FOS exhibited dramatically effective inhibition against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes,due to the ruptures of cell surfaces and collapse of cellular structure.According to Pearson’s correlation analysis,protocatechuic acid content was significantly and positively correlated with bacteriostatic activities.It was suggested that FOS should be a better probiotic additive for the preparation of fermented fig juice.展开更多
Taking salicylic acid as the active ingredient and 10%sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as the neutralizer,the best matrix for preparing gel was screened,and the salicylic acid aqueous gel was prepared.The properties,...Taking salicylic acid as the active ingredient and 10%sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as the neutralizer,the best matrix for preparing gel was screened,and the salicylic acid aqueous gel was prepared.The properties,pH value and viscosity were determined,and the stability,antibacterial activity and irritation were evaluated.The experimental results showed that the best gel matrix was cellulose,which had the best stability,could increase the solubility of salicylic acid in gel preparations,solved the problem of easy precipitation of salicylic acid crystals,enhanced the antibacterial activity,and reduced irritation,providing a reference for the application of salicylic acid in cosmetics.展开更多
As ethnic medicine,the whole grass of plants in Cirsium was used as antimicrobial.This review focuses on the antimicrobial activity of plants in Cirsium,including antimicrobial components,against different types of mi...As ethnic medicine,the whole grass of plants in Cirsium was used as antimicrobial.This review focuses on the antimicrobial activity of plants in Cirsium,including antimicrobial components,against different types of microbes and bacteriostatic mechanism.The results showed that the main antimicrobial activity components in Cirsium plants were flavonoids,triterpenoids and phenolic acids,and the antimicrobial ability varied according to the species and the content of chemicals.Among them,phenolic acids showed a strong antibacterial ability against Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Enterococcus faecium.The antibacterial mechanisms include:(1)damaging the cell membrane,cell walls,mitochondria and nucleus of bacteria;(2)inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids;(3)suppressing the synthesis of enzymes for tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways and glycolysis,and then killing the bacteria via inhibition of energy production.Totally,most research results on antimicrobial activity of Cirsium plants are reported based on in vitro assays.The evidence from clinical data and comprehensive evaluation are needed.展开更多
Healthy gut microbiota competes with members by releasing bioactive metabolites to maintain the balanced and stable ecological niche.Introducing antibacterial metabolites informed by niche competing bacteria instead o...Healthy gut microbiota competes with members by releasing bioactive metabolites to maintain the balanced and stable ecological niche.Introducing antibacterial metabolites informed by niche competing bacteria instead of strains in food supplements as a new strategy for ameliorating intestinal infections could decrease antibiotic use and related resistance issues.Clostridium perfringens is a toxin-producing pathogen associated with intestinal diseases,particularly in premature infants with insufficient colonization of Bifidobacterium.Bifidobacterium bacteriocins exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against C.perfringens without causing abnormal growth of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.The results of nuclear staining,intracellular substances release,and electron microscopy indicated that bacteriocins disrupted the integrity of the cell envelope in a dosage-dependent manner with cell wall perforation and membrane permeabilization.Bifidobacterium bacteriocins as a postbiotic effectively cleared C.perfringens in an antibiotic-induced C.perfringens infection mouse,and alleviated infection symptoms including weight gain,increased thymus index,decreased spleen index,relieved thrombocytosis and restored normal spleen morphological structure.Bacteriocins alleviated intestinal epithelial damage and strengthened the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins claudin-1,occludin,and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)according to the immunohistochemistry results.Furthermore,differing from the destructive impact of vancomycin treatment,bacteriocins contributed to the restored diversity and abundance of gut microbiota approaching the control group.This paper provides new horizons for understanding the biological function of Bifidobacterium bacteriocins in food supplements,emphasizes the role of bacteriocins as narrowspectrum bactericidal agents in maintaining intestinal homeostasis,and offers new targets for reducing the risk of foodborne pathogens mediated through enhancing intestinal barrier.展开更多
Low yield is a significant bottleneck preventing widespread application of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria(LAB).Co-culturing different species of LAB is an effective strategy to enhance bacteriocin production.T...Low yield is a significant bottleneck preventing widespread application of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria(LAB).Co-culturing different species of LAB is an effective strategy to enhance bacteriocin production.This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying this enhancement,focusing on the metabolic pathways involved and identifying effector metabolites that improve the yield of bacteriocins from LAB.The results indicated that bacteriocin production was highest when Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZY-1 was co-cultured with Limosilactobacillus fermentum RC4 at a seed liquid age of 16 h.Metabolomic analysis of co-cultured and separately cultured LAB revealed 984 significantly differentially abundant metabolites,including organic acids,lipids,amino acids,and vitamins.The primary metabolic pathways involved were amino acid metabolism,ABC transporters,and purine metabolism.Co-culture enhanced the synthesis of metabolites including ascorbic acid,N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid,butyryl trihexyl citrate,N-acetyl aspartate,and L-gulonolactone,as demonstrated through metabolic analysis and validation experiments.Compared to the control group,the addition of a mixture containing 0.2%ascorbic acid,0.2% N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid,0.1%butyryl trihexyl citrate,0.1% N-acetyl aspartic acid,and 0.3% L-gulonolactone to the co-culture system demonstrated a 1.9-fold enhancement in the inhibition zone diameter.Similarly,a combination of 0.3%ascorbic acid,0.3% butyryl trihexyl citrate,0.1% N-acetyl aspartate,and 0.1%L-gulonolactone achieved a 2.1-fold amplification in bacteriostatic activity within the monoculture system.This is the first report on the mechanism of enhancing bacteriocin production via co-culture of different LAB species.Furthermore,a strategy to augment bacteriocin production was developed by adding key metabolites to monocultured and co-cultured LAB.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of shade drying(SD),hot air drying(HD),vacuum drying(VD),and vacuum freeze-drying(VFD)on the drying characteristics,bioactive compound content,and biological activities of pomegrana...This study investigated the effects of shade drying(SD),hot air drying(HD),vacuum drying(VD),and vacuum freeze-drying(VFD)on the drying characteristics,bioactive compound content,and biological activities of pomegranate peel.Additionally,preliminary research was conducted on the antimicrobial mechanisms of pomegranate peel polyphenols.The results demonstrated that VFD achieved the shortest drying time while maintaining superior appearance quality and the highest levels of bioactive compounds:total phenolic content(TPC,86.78 mg/g),total flavonoid content(TFC,19.37 mg/g),total tannin content(TTC,7.6 mg/g),total anthocyanin content(TAC,0.07 mg/g),and ABTS antioxidant capacity(383.10 mg TE/g).The VFD treatment also showed superior·OH radical scavenging activity(122.50 mg TE/g)andα-ALA inhibition(5.18 mg/mL),as well as maximum inhibition zones against S.aureus(21.33±0.04 mm),B.subtilis(16.23±0.04 mm),and A.tenuissima(83.89%).The HD demonstrated slightly lower but comparable quality parameters to VFD.22 major phenolic compounds were identified in the VFD.Molecular docking studies revealed four compounds,including punicalagin,punicalin,rutin,and ellagic acid 4-O-xylopyranoside,that effectively bound to fungal cell wall functional proteins.Among these,punicalagin exhibited primary interactions through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the target proteins.展开更多
Implant-associated infections are generally difficult to cure owing to the bacterial antibiotic resistance which is attributed to the widespread usage of antibiotics.Given the global threat and increasing influence of...Implant-associated infections are generally difficult to cure owing to the bacterial antibiotic resistance which is attributed to the widespread usage of antibiotics.Given the global threat and increasing influence of antibiotic resistance,there is an urgent demand to explore novel antibacterial strategies other than using antibiotics.Recently,using a certain surface topography to provide a more persistent antibacterial solution attracts more and more attention.However,the clinical application of biomimetic nano-pillar array is not satisfactory,mainly because its antibacterial ability against Gram-positive strain is not good enough.Thus,the pillar array should be equipped with other antibacterial agents to fulfill the bacteriostatic and bactericidal requirements of clinical application.Here,we designed a novel model substrate which was a combination of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and TiO2 for basically understanding the topographical bacteriostatic effects of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and the photocatalytic bactericidal activity of TiO2.Such innovation may potentially exert the synergistic effects by integrating the persistent topographical antibacterial activity and the non-invasive X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections.First,to separately verify the topographical antibacterial activity of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array,we systematically investigated its effects on bacterial adhesion,growth,proliferation,and viability in the dark without involving the photocatalysis of TiO2.The pillar array with sub-micron motif size can significantly inhibit the adhesion,growth,and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Such antibacterial ability is mainly attributed to a spatial confinement size-effect and limited contact area availability generated by the special topography of pillar array.Moreover,the pillar array is not lethal to S.aureus and E.coli in 24 h.Then,the X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array in vitro and in vivo will be systematically studied in a future work.This study could shed light on the direction of surface topography design for future medical implants to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections without using antibiotics.展开更多
Five new binuclear lanthanide compounds [Ln(2,4-DClBA)3phen]2(Ln = Pr(1), Eu(2), Tb(3), Ho(4) and Er(5); 2,4-DClBA = 2,4-dichlorobenzoate; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized and structurally characteriz...Five new binuclear lanthanide compounds [Ln(2,4-DClBA)3phen]2(Ln = Pr(1), Eu(2), Tb(3), Ho(4) and Er(5); 2,4-DClBA = 2,4-dichlorobenzoate; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. And all of them were carefully investigated by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and TG/DSC-FTIR technology. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that compounds 1–5 were binuclear molecules with an inversion center and the Ln3+ ions contained two kinds of coordination environment that was a distorted monocapped square-antiprism in the compounds 1–2, and a distorted square-antiprism geometry in the compounds 3–5. The 3D surface graphs for the FTIR spectra of gaseous products for the compounds 1–5 were recorded using simultaneous TG/DSC-FTIR technique which is intended to further analysis of the thermal decomposition processes. Hence the gaseous products were identified by the solved single IR spectra obtained at different temperatures from the 3D surface graphs. Furthermore, the Eu(Ш) and Tb(Ш) ternary compounds exhibited intense luminescence under the radiation of UV light. And the results for antimicrobial test show that these compounds exhibit good bacteriostatic activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and better antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.展开更多
The skin mucus of fish acts as the first line of self-protection against pathogens in the aquatic environment and comprises a number of innate immune components.However,the presence of the critical classical complemen...The skin mucus of fish acts as the first line of self-protection against pathogens in the aquatic environment and comprises a number of innate immune components.However,the presence of the critical classical complement component C1q,which links the innate and adaptive immune systems of mammalians,has not been explored in a primitive actinopterygian fish.In this study,we report that C1q is present in the skin mucus of the Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii).The skin mucus was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli.The bacteriostatic activity of the skin mucus was reduced by heating and by pre-incubation with EDTA or mouse anti-human C1q antibody.We also detected C1q protein in skin mucus using the western blot procedure and isolated a cDNA that encodes the Siberian sturgeon C1qC,which had 44.7–51.4%identity with C1qCs in teleosts and tetrapods.A phylogenetic analysis revealed that Siberian sturgeon C1qC lies at the root of the actinopterygian branch and is separate from the tetrapod branch.The C1qC transcript was expressed in many tissues as well as in skin.Our data indicate that C1q is present in the skin mucus of the Siberian sturgeon to protect against water-borne bacteria,and the C1qC found in the sturgeon may represent the primitive form of teleost and tetrapod C1qCs.展开更多
基金funded by the Transformation Project of Scientific Achievements in Guangdong Colleges (cgzhzd0812)
文摘[ Objective] To investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of Chinese herbal medicines （ rhubarb, Baikal skullcap root, honeysuckle, eucommia bark and Chinese date） and their compounds against two common pathogens of Scylla serrata （ Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila）. [Method] Drug sensitivity of the bacteria was determined by paper method. Minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） were determined by dilution method and plate method, respectively. [Result] The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on V. parahaemolyticus were Baikal skullcap root 〉 honeysuckle 〉 rhubarb 〉 Chinese date 〉 eucommia bark. The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were A =B = C 〉 D. Among these medicines, the Baikal skullcap root and the compounds A, B, C and D had better bactericidal effects on V. parahaemolyticus. The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on A. hydrophila was rhubarb 〉 Baikal skullcap root 〉 honeysuckle 〉 Chinese date 〉 eucommia bark. The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were A 〉 B 〉 C = D, while the rhubarb and the compound C had better bactericidal effects on A. hydrophila. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal medicines including rhubarb, Baikal skullcap root, honeysuckle, eucommia bark and Chinese date have good bacteriostatic effects on V. parahaemolyticus and A. hydrophila, and they can be used to treat bacterial infection in Scylla serrata.
基金Supported by Shanghai Putuo District Science and Technology R&D Platform Project(2024QX04).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the potential applications and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants as bacteriostatic agents,utilizing snow lotus as a case study through network pharmacology.[Methods]The TCMSP and HIT 2.0 databases were employed to screen and obtain the active components and corresponding targets of snow lotus.The identified targets were subsequently intersected with the antibacterial and bacteriostatic targets sourced from the GeneCards and OMIM databases,resulting in the identification of the antibacterial and bacteriostatic targets associated with snow lotus.Cytoscape software was employed to construct the network diagram illustrating the active components and their corresponding action targets for snow lotus,as well as to analyze the network s topology.Additionally,GO enrichment analysis of the action targets was conducted utilizing the DAVID database.[Results]A total of 12 active components of snow lotus were identified through screening,which corresponded to 294 action targets.Subsequent analysis revealed 117 core action targets of snow lotus that exhibit antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties.The results from the network diagram suggested that snow lotus may exert its antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects through active components such as quercetin,apigenin,and luteolin.Additionally,it appeared to activate the immunomodulatory functions of the human body by interacting with targets such as CASP3,TNF,and IL-6.[Conclusions]Snow lotus may demonstrate antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties through mechanisms of action that involve multiple components,targets,and pathways,from in vivo and in vitro multiple pathways.The integration of botanical bacteriostatic agents with chemical disinfectants that possess broad-spectrum bactericidal effects is advantageous for broadening the bactericidal spectrum and minimizing irritation,in order to facilitate the development of more environmentally friendly and low-toxicity disinfection and bacteriostatic products.
基金funded by financial grants from the Education Department of Hunan Province(SCX1840 and CX20190515).
文摘Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and health issues.We investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG)and Magnolia officinalis(MO).On mycelial growth,sporangium formation,and zoospore release of P.nicotianae.Both extracts inhibited the growth of P.nicotianae,with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 88.92%and 93.92%,respectively,at 40 mg/mL,and EC50 values of 5.39 and 5.74 mg/mL,respectively.The underlying mechanisms were the inhibition of sporangium formation,the reduction of zoospore number,and the destruction of the mycelium structure.At an SBG extract concentration of 16.17 mg/mL,the inhibition rates for sporangia and zoospores were 98.66%and 99.39%,respectively.At an MO extract concentration of 2.87 mg/mL,the production of sporangia and zoospores was completely inhibited.The hyphae treated with the two plant extracts showed different degrees of deformation and damage.Hyphae treated with SBG extract showed adhesion and local swelling,whereas treatment with MO extract resulted in broken hyphae.Mixture of the extracts resulted in a good synergistic effect.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Platform Project of Putuo District,Shanghai(2024QX04).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of Common Cnidium Fruit using network pharmacology.[Methods]Active components and targets of Common Cnidium Fruit were screened and obtained using the TCMSP database and HIT2.0 database.The collected targets were intersected with antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets obtained from the GeneCards database and OMIM database to identify the antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets of Common Cnidium Fruit.The active component-target network diagram of Common Cnidium Fruit was constructed using Cytoscape software and topological analysis was performed.GO enrichment analysis was performed on the target genes using the DAVID database.[Results]Screening yielded 25 active components of Common Cnidium Fruit,corresponding to 77 targets.Analysis identified 25 core antibacterial/bacteriostatic targets for Common Cnidium Fruit.Network analysis indicated that Common Cnidium Fruit may exert antibacterial/bacteriostatic effects through active components such asβ-sitosterol,stigmasterol,and xanthoxylin,while activating the body's immune regulatory functions by acting on targets including CASP3,PTGS2,BCL2,JUN,and ESR1.[Conclusions]Common Cnidium Fruit may exert antibacterial/bacteriostatic effects through multiple pathways via a mechanism involving multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Special Project of China(2018ZDXM-NY-084)。
文摘Several of the fungal species associated with Fuzhuan brick tea(FBT)are considered as potential probiotics,but few studies have investigated the probiotic properties of these fungi.Here,we isolated 18 fungal strains from two types of FBT and identified these strains based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS)fragment sequence similarity to reference strains(sequence similarity>98%).Of the 18 strains,10 tolerated simulated human digestive conditions for sufficient periods in vitro:pH 2-3,0.3%-0.5%(m/V)bile salts,and artificial gastrointestinal juices.We then measured the antimicrobial activity of the remaining 10 strains against 5 enteropathogenic bacteria and tested the bacteriostatic effects of the thalli and fermentation broth extracts.Of the 6 strains with strong bacteriostatic effects,we eliminated Eurotium cristatum S-9 due to its low hydrophobicity of(26.12±0.35)%.Finally,2 exhibited good adhesion abilities to human cells(>100%).Notably,2 strains can survive in vivo,because they can be isolated from C57BL/6 mice feces.Thus,2 strains,Aspergillus cristatus H-1 and A.cristatus H-5,are herein identified as promising candidate probiotic strains.It may be put forward a novel research focus on evaluating potential probiotic fungi from FBT.
基金the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Demonstration Project for Transforming Scientific and Techno-logical Achievements(2022BKZ025)“Tianchi Talent”Recruitment Program,and Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program(2023-ZDLNY-32,2022ZDLNY04-06)for financial supports.
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation on the bioactive compounds,volatile compounds,rheological properties and bacteriostatic activities of fig juices sup-plemented with oligosaccharides,namely fructooligosaccharides(FOS),galactooligosaccharides(GOS),iso-maltooligosaccharides(IMO),xylooligosaccharides(XOS),stachyose(SOE)and mannanoligosaccharides(MOS).Results showed that SOE,FOS and IMO supplementations stimulated the proliferation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum,especially for SOE,exhibiting the highest viable bacterial counts(9.84 log CFU/mL).Oligosaccharides supplementation accelerated the conversion of carbohydrates to organic acids,and increased the total contents of flavonoid(TFC)and carotenoid(TCC)during fermentation,of which FOS exhibited the greatest increases in TFC(66.28 mg RE/L)and TCC(0.032 mg/L).Furthermore,the highest levels of DPPH RSA(65.88%)and ABTS RSA(66.24%)were found in fermented fig juice supplemented with MOS,while the highest level of FRAP(0.97 mmol Trolox/L)and protocatechuic acid(6.97 mg/L)was observed in that with GOS.The total contents of alcohols and esters were significantly increased,while aldehyde content was decreased by oligosaccharides supplementation.In addition,oligosaccharides supplementation decreased the apparent viscosity of fermented juices.Fermented juices supplemented with FOS exhibited dramatically effective inhibition against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes,due to the ruptures of cell surfaces and collapse of cellular structure.According to Pearson’s correlation analysis,protocatechuic acid content was significantly and positively correlated with bacteriostatic activities.It was suggested that FOS should be a better probiotic additive for the preparation of fermented fig juice.
文摘Taking salicylic acid as the active ingredient and 10%sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as the neutralizer,the best matrix for preparing gel was screened,and the salicylic acid aqueous gel was prepared.The properties,pH value and viscosity were determined,and the stability,antibacterial activity and irritation were evaluated.The experimental results showed that the best gel matrix was cellulose,which had the best stability,could increase the solubility of salicylic acid in gel preparations,solved the problem of easy precipitation of salicylic acid crystals,enhanced the antibacterial activity,and reduced irritation,providing a reference for the application of salicylic acid in cosmetics.
文摘As ethnic medicine,the whole grass of plants in Cirsium was used as antimicrobial.This review focuses on the antimicrobial activity of plants in Cirsium,including antimicrobial components,against different types of microbes and bacteriostatic mechanism.The results showed that the main antimicrobial activity components in Cirsium plants were flavonoids,triterpenoids and phenolic acids,and the antimicrobial ability varied according to the species and the content of chemicals.Among them,phenolic acids showed a strong antibacterial ability against Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Enterococcus faecium.The antibacterial mechanisms include:(1)damaging the cell membrane,cell walls,mitochondria and nucleus of bacteria;(2)inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids;(3)suppressing the synthesis of enzymes for tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways and glycolysis,and then killing the bacteria via inhibition of energy production.Totally,most research results on antimicrobial activity of Cirsium plants are reported based on in vitro assays.The evidence from clinical data and comprehensive evaluation are needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072228)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100203)the collaborative innovation center of food safety and quality control in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Healthy gut microbiota competes with members by releasing bioactive metabolites to maintain the balanced and stable ecological niche.Introducing antibacterial metabolites informed by niche competing bacteria instead of strains in food supplements as a new strategy for ameliorating intestinal infections could decrease antibiotic use and related resistance issues.Clostridium perfringens is a toxin-producing pathogen associated with intestinal diseases,particularly in premature infants with insufficient colonization of Bifidobacterium.Bifidobacterium bacteriocins exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against C.perfringens without causing abnormal growth of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.The results of nuclear staining,intracellular substances release,and electron microscopy indicated that bacteriocins disrupted the integrity of the cell envelope in a dosage-dependent manner with cell wall perforation and membrane permeabilization.Bifidobacterium bacteriocins as a postbiotic effectively cleared C.perfringens in an antibiotic-induced C.perfringens infection mouse,and alleviated infection symptoms including weight gain,increased thymus index,decreased spleen index,relieved thrombocytosis and restored normal spleen morphological structure.Bacteriocins alleviated intestinal epithelial damage and strengthened the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins claudin-1,occludin,and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)according to the immunohistochemistry results.Furthermore,differing from the destructive impact of vancomycin treatment,bacteriocins contributed to the restored diversity and abundance of gut microbiota approaching the control group.This paper provides new horizons for understanding the biological function of Bifidobacterium bacteriocins in food supplements,emphasizes the role of bacteriocins as narrowspectrum bactericidal agents in maintaining intestinal homeostasis,and offers new targets for reducing the risk of foodborne pathogens mediated through enhancing intestinal barrier.
基金support of the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(LR23C200001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472357,32072195)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2100600,2022YFD2100603).
文摘Low yield is a significant bottleneck preventing widespread application of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria(LAB).Co-culturing different species of LAB is an effective strategy to enhance bacteriocin production.This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying this enhancement,focusing on the metabolic pathways involved and identifying effector metabolites that improve the yield of bacteriocins from LAB.The results indicated that bacteriocin production was highest when Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZY-1 was co-cultured with Limosilactobacillus fermentum RC4 at a seed liquid age of 16 h.Metabolomic analysis of co-cultured and separately cultured LAB revealed 984 significantly differentially abundant metabolites,including organic acids,lipids,amino acids,and vitamins.The primary metabolic pathways involved were amino acid metabolism,ABC transporters,and purine metabolism.Co-culture enhanced the synthesis of metabolites including ascorbic acid,N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid,butyryl trihexyl citrate,N-acetyl aspartate,and L-gulonolactone,as demonstrated through metabolic analysis and validation experiments.Compared to the control group,the addition of a mixture containing 0.2%ascorbic acid,0.2% N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid,0.1%butyryl trihexyl citrate,0.1% N-acetyl aspartic acid,and 0.3% L-gulonolactone to the co-culture system demonstrated a 1.9-fold enhancement in the inhibition zone diameter.Similarly,a combination of 0.3%ascorbic acid,0.3% butyryl trihexyl citrate,0.1% N-acetyl aspartate,and 0.1%L-gulonolactone achieved a 2.1-fold amplification in bacteriostatic activity within the monoculture system.This is the first report on the mechanism of enhancing bacteriocin production via co-culture of different LAB species.Furthermore,a strategy to augment bacteriocin production was developed by adding key metabolites to monocultured and co-cultured LAB.
基金supported by the Corps Guiding Science and Technology Plan program[grant number 2022ZD066]Corps Science and Technology Program[grant number 2022AB008].
文摘This study investigated the effects of shade drying(SD),hot air drying(HD),vacuum drying(VD),and vacuum freeze-drying(VFD)on the drying characteristics,bioactive compound content,and biological activities of pomegranate peel.Additionally,preliminary research was conducted on the antimicrobial mechanisms of pomegranate peel polyphenols.The results demonstrated that VFD achieved the shortest drying time while maintaining superior appearance quality and the highest levels of bioactive compounds:total phenolic content(TPC,86.78 mg/g),total flavonoid content(TFC,19.37 mg/g),total tannin content(TTC,7.6 mg/g),total anthocyanin content(TAC,0.07 mg/g),and ABTS antioxidant capacity(383.10 mg TE/g).The VFD treatment also showed superior·OH radical scavenging activity(122.50 mg TE/g)andα-ALA inhibition(5.18 mg/mL),as well as maximum inhibition zones against S.aureus(21.33±0.04 mm),B.subtilis(16.23±0.04 mm),and A.tenuissima(83.89%).The HD demonstrated slightly lower but comparable quality parameters to VFD.22 major phenolic compounds were identified in the VFD.Molecular docking studies revealed four compounds,including punicalagin,punicalin,rutin,and ellagic acid 4-O-xylopyranoside,that effectively bound to fungal cell wall functional proteins.Among these,punicalagin exhibited primary interactions through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the target proteins.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(General Program,No.18JCYBJC19500)the Independent Innovation Fund of Tianjin University(No.2019XZS-0014)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(No.HKUST615408).
文摘Implant-associated infections are generally difficult to cure owing to the bacterial antibiotic resistance which is attributed to the widespread usage of antibiotics.Given the global threat and increasing influence of antibiotic resistance,there is an urgent demand to explore novel antibacterial strategies other than using antibiotics.Recently,using a certain surface topography to provide a more persistent antibacterial solution attracts more and more attention.However,the clinical application of biomimetic nano-pillar array is not satisfactory,mainly because its antibacterial ability against Gram-positive strain is not good enough.Thus,the pillar array should be equipped with other antibacterial agents to fulfill the bacteriostatic and bactericidal requirements of clinical application.Here,we designed a novel model substrate which was a combination of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and TiO2 for basically understanding the topographical bacteriostatic effects of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and the photocatalytic bactericidal activity of TiO2.Such innovation may potentially exert the synergistic effects by integrating the persistent topographical antibacterial activity and the non-invasive X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections.First,to separately verify the topographical antibacterial activity of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array,we systematically investigated its effects on bacterial adhesion,growth,proliferation,and viability in the dark without involving the photocatalysis of TiO2.The pillar array with sub-micron motif size can significantly inhibit the adhesion,growth,and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Such antibacterial ability is mainly attributed to a spatial confinement size-effect and limited contact area availability generated by the special topography of pillar array.Moreover,the pillar array is not lethal to S.aureus and E.coli in 24 h.Then,the X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array in vitro and in vivo will be systematically studied in a future work.This study could shed light on the direction of surface topography design for future medical implants to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections without using antibiotics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21073053,21141002,20773034)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2012205022)
文摘Five new binuclear lanthanide compounds [Ln(2,4-DClBA)3phen]2(Ln = Pr(1), Eu(2), Tb(3), Ho(4) and Er(5); 2,4-DClBA = 2,4-dichlorobenzoate; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. And all of them were carefully investigated by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and TG/DSC-FTIR technology. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that compounds 1–5 were binuclear molecules with an inversion center and the Ln3+ ions contained two kinds of coordination environment that was a distorted monocapped square-antiprism in the compounds 1–2, and a distorted square-antiprism geometry in the compounds 3–5. The 3D surface graphs for the FTIR spectra of gaseous products for the compounds 1–5 were recorded using simultaneous TG/DSC-FTIR technique which is intended to further analysis of the thermal decomposition processes. Hence the gaseous products were identified by the solved single IR spectra obtained at different temperatures from the 3D surface graphs. Furthermore, the Eu(Ш) and Tb(Ш) ternary compounds exhibited intense luminescence under the radiation of UV light. And the results for antimicrobial test show that these compounds exhibit good bacteriostatic activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and better antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.
基金supported by the Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project of Fisheries and Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(12YZ129).
文摘The skin mucus of fish acts as the first line of self-protection against pathogens in the aquatic environment and comprises a number of innate immune components.However,the presence of the critical classical complement component C1q,which links the innate and adaptive immune systems of mammalians,has not been explored in a primitive actinopterygian fish.In this study,we report that C1q is present in the skin mucus of the Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii).The skin mucus was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli.The bacteriostatic activity of the skin mucus was reduced by heating and by pre-incubation with EDTA or mouse anti-human C1q antibody.We also detected C1q protein in skin mucus using the western blot procedure and isolated a cDNA that encodes the Siberian sturgeon C1qC,which had 44.7–51.4%identity with C1qCs in teleosts and tetrapods.A phylogenetic analysis revealed that Siberian sturgeon C1qC lies at the root of the actinopterygian branch and is separate from the tetrapod branch.The C1qC transcript was expressed in many tissues as well as in skin.Our data indicate that C1q is present in the skin mucus of the Siberian sturgeon to protect against water-borne bacteria,and the C1qC found in the sturgeon may represent the primitive form of teleost and tetrapod C1qCs.
