Discriminating sterile inflammation from infection, especially in cases of aseptic loosening versus an actual prosthetic joint infection, is challenging and has significant treatment implications. Our goal was to eval...Discriminating sterile inflammation from infection, especially in cases of aseptic loosening versus an actual prosthetic joint infection, is challenging and has significant treatment implications. Our goal was to evaluate a novel human monoclonal antibody（mAb） probe directed against the Gram-positive bacterial surface molecule lipoteichoic acid（LTA）. Specificity and affinity were assessed in vitro. We then radiolabeled the anti-LTA mAb and evaluated its effectiveness as a diagnostic imaging tool for detecting infection via immuno PET imaging in an in vivo mouse model of prosthetic joint infection（PJI）. In vitro and ex vivo binding of the anti-LTA mAb to pathogenic bacteria was measured with Octet, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The in vivo PJI mouse model was assessed using traditional imaging modalities, including positron emission tomography（PET） with [^（18）F]FDG and [^（18）F]Na F as well as X-ray computed tomography（CT）, before being evaluated with the zirconium-89-labeled antibody specific for LTA（[^（89）Zr]SAC55）.The anti-LTA mAb exhibited specific binding in vitro to LTA-expressing bacteria. Results from imaging showed that our model could reliably simulate infection at the surgical site by bioluminescent imaging, conventional PET tracer imaging, and bone morphological changes by CT. One day following injection of both the radiolabeled anti-LTA and isotype control antibodies, the anti-LTA antibody demonstrated significantly greater（P 〈 0.05） uptake at S. aureus-infected prosthesis sites over either the same antibody at sterile prosthesis sites or of control non-specific antibody at infected prosthesis sites. Taken together, the radiolabeled anti-LTA mAb, [^（89）Zr]SAC55, may serve as a valuable diagnostic molecular imaging probe to help distinguish between sterile inflammation and infection in the setting of PJI. Future studies are needed to determine whether these findings will translate to human PJI.展开更多
The trail was designed to study on technique aspects of ensiling rice straw （RS） appended amounts of lactobacillus. There were two groups according to silage ways, baled silage （BS） and chopped silage （CS）, in w...The trail was designed to study on technique aspects of ensiling rice straw （RS） appended amounts of lactobacillus. There were two groups according to silage ways, baled silage （BS） and chopped silage （CS）, in which lactobacillus was added at levels of 10, 15 and 20 mg·kg^-1, respectively and the mixtures were placed into a packed polyethylene bags and stored at room temperature for 45 days. The results showed that lactobacillus had remarkable effect on fermentation characteristics of RS. The quality of the silage was improved with the lactobacillus addition. In the experiment the optimal quality of rice straw silage （RSS） can be obtained when lactobacillus was added with 15 or 20 mg·kg^-1 level. The effect of different silage methods was very remarkable to the silage quality of same material. The quality of CS was better than that of long silage, at the same time, BS was feasible on condition of eligible level of lactic acid bacteria.展开更多
Three-dimensional （3D） carbonaceous materials derived from bacterial cellulose （BC） has been introduced as electrode for supercapacitors in recent. Here, we report a simple strategy for the synthesis of functional...Three-dimensional （3D） carbonaceous materials derived from bacterial cellulose （BC） has been introduced as electrode for supercapacitors in recent. Here, we report a simple strategy for the synthesis of functional carbon frameworks through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpilperidine l-oxyl radical （TEMPO） mediated oxidation of bacterial cellulose （BC） followed by carbonization. TEMPO-mediated oxidation can efficiently convert the hydroxyls on the surface of BC to carboxylate groups to improve electrochemical activity. Because of its high porosity, good hydrophilicity, rich oxygen groups, and continuous ion transport in-between sheet-like porous network, the TEMPO-oxidized BC delivers a much higher gravimetric capacitance （137.3 Fig） at low annealing temperature of 500℃ than that of pyrolysis BC （31 F/g） at the same annealing temperature. The pyrolysis modified BC obtained at 900℃ shows specific capacitance （160.2Fig）, large current stability and long-term stability （84.2% of its initial capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles）.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective treatment.In surgical treatment,accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to im...BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective treatment.In surgical treatment,accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to improving treatment effects.AIM To investigate the effect of broad-spectrum bacterial detection on postoperative antibiotic therapy.METHODS A total of 100 children with abdominal infection who received surgical treatment in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2021 were grouped.The observation group collected blood samples upon admission and sent them for broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acid testing,and collected pus or exudate during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing;the control group only sent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing during the operation.RESULTS White blood cell count,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,3 days after surgery,showed better postoperative index than the control group(P<0.05).The hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group.The hospitalization cost in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Early detection of broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acids in pediatric abdominal infections can help identify pathogens sooner and guide the appropriate use of antibiotics,improving treatment outcomes and reducing medical costs to some extent.展开更多
Six lactic acid bacterial （LAB） strains were isolated from traditionally fermented Xinjiang cheese and evaluated for functional and probiotic properties and potentials as starter cultures. The isolated six LAB strai...Six lactic acid bacterial （LAB） strains were isolated from traditionally fermented Xinjiang cheese and evaluated for functional and probiotic properties and potentials as starter cultures. The isolated six LAB strains com- prised Lactobacillus rhamnosus （one strain）, Lactobacillus helveticus （one strain）, and Enterococcus hirae （four strains）. All of the six strains were tolerant to acidic and bile salt conditions. Among which, the L. rhamnosus R4 strain showed more desirable antimicrobial, auto-aggregation, and hydrophobic activity. In addition, the strain L. rhamnosus R4 exhibited the highest level of free radical scavenging activity （53.78% of 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） free radicals and 45.79% of hydroxyl radicals）. L. rhamnosus R4 also demonstrated cholesterol and triglyceride degrada- tion by 50.97% and 28.92%, respectively. To further examine the health-promoting effects of these LAB strains on host lifespan, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model. Worms fed LAB as a food source had significant differences in lifespan compared to those fed Escherichia coil OP50 （as a negative control）. Feeding of L. rhamnosus R4 extended the mean lifespan of C. elegans by up to 36.1% compared to that of the control. The results suggest that the strains isolated from Xinjiang fermented dairy products have high potential as starter cultures in the cheese industry.展开更多
We collected the diseased blades of Larninaria japonica from Yantai Sea Farm from October to December 2002, and the alginic acid decomposing bacterium on the diseased blade was isolated and purified, and was identifie...We collected the diseased blades of Larninaria japonica from Yantai Sea Farm from October to December 2002, and the alginic acid decomposing bacterium on the diseased blade was isolated and purified, and was identified as A lteromonas espejiana. This bacterium was applied as the causative pathogen to infect the blades of L. japonica under laboratory conditions. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of the bacterium on the growth of L. japonica, and to find the possibly effective mechanism. Results showed that： （1）The blades of L.japonica exhibited symptoms of lesion,bleaching and deteriortion when infected by the bacterium. and their growth and photosynthesis were dramatically suppressed. At the same time, the reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation enhanced obviously, and the relative membrane permeability increased significantly. The contents of malonaldehyde （MDA） and free fatty acid in the microsomol membrane greatly elevated, but the phospholipid content decreased. Result suggested an obvious peroxidation and deesterrification in the blades of L. japonica when infected by the bacterium. （2） The simultaneous assay on the antioxidant enzyme activities demonstrated that superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） increased greatly when infected by the bacterium, but glutathione peroxidase （Gpx） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） did not exhibit active responses to the bacterium throughout the experiment. （3） The histomorphological observations gave a distinctive evidence of the severity of the lesions as well as the relative abundance in the bacterial population on the blades after infection. The bacterium firstly invaded into the endodermis of L. japonica and gathered around there, and then resulted in the membrane damage, cells corruption and ultimately, the death of L. japonica.展开更多
Probiotics have become essential in food safety and health discourse with interest in their availability, stability, nutrition, and health implications. In this paper, an overview of probiotics of yeast and lactic aci...Probiotics have become essential in food safety and health discourse with interest in their availability, stability, nutrition, and health implications. In this paper, an overview of probiotics of yeast and lactic acid, bacterial fermented food is presented. Probiotics of <i>Lactobacillus spp.</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium spp</i>.’s activities and processes within the human intestinal system are examined. Yeast and lactic acid bacterial (LAB) fermented foods from classified food groups such as vegetables, cereals, and grains, soybean, milk, fish, meat, and beverages are examined. This paper focuses on probiotic (microorganism) strains identified with food and their potential health and nutrition benefits. Finally, the impact of processing parameters and non-process factors on probiotics potential in fermented food is investigated.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diagnosing and treating abdominal infection in children remains a challenge.Nucleic acid detection,as a rapid and accurate diagnosis tool,has great significance in this field.AIM To investigate the diagnosi...BACKGROUND Diagnosing and treating abdominal infection in children remains a challenge.Nucleic acid detection,as a rapid and accurate diagnosis tool,has great significance in this field.AIM To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal infection by nucleic acid detection and its possible correlation with psychological stress in children.METHODS A total of 50 pediatric patients diagnosed with abdominal infections between September 2020 and July 2021 were included in this study.Intra-abdominal pus samples were collected for pathogen culture,drug susceptibility testing,and broad-spectrum bacterial nucleic acid testing.Psychological stress,anxiety,depression,and coping styles were assessed using the coping with a disease(CODI)scale.RESULTS Based on susceptibility testing,a regimen of cefazoxime,piperacillin/tazobactam,and metronidazole or ornidazole achieved 100%effectiveness in treating appendicitis.Psychological assessments revealed a positive correlation between pressure level and both anxiety(r=0.324,P=0.001)and depressive disorders(r=0.325,P<0.001).Acceptance and distancing as coping strategies were negatively correlated with anxiety and depression,while negative emotional responses were strongly associated with increased anxiety(r=0.574,P<0.001)and depression(r=0.511,P=0.001).Coping strategies such as illusion and escape showed no significant correlation with emotional outcomes.CONCLUSION Nucleic acid testing helps in the diagnosis of abdominal infections in children,and also focuses on children's mental health.展开更多
We previously reported a spotted-leaf mutant pelota（originally termed HM_（47）） in rice displaying arrested growth and enhanced resistance to multiple races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Here, we report the map...We previously reported a spotted-leaf mutant pelota（originally termed HM_（47）） in rice displaying arrested growth and enhanced resistance to multiple races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Here, we report the mapbased cloning of the causal gene OsPELOTA（originally termed spl^（HM47））. We identified a single base substitution from T to A at position 556 in the coding sequence of OsPELOTA, effectively mutating phenylalanine to isoleucine at position 186 in the translated protein sequence. Both functional complementation and over-expression could rescue the spotted-leaf phenotype. OsPELOTA, a paralogue to eukaryotic release factor 1（eRF_1）, shows high sequence similarity to Drosophila Pelota and also localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane.OsPELOTA is constitutively expressed in roots, leaves,sheaths, stems, and panicles. Elevated levels of salicylic acid and decreased level of jasmonate were detected in the pelota mutant. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that genes responding to salicylic acid were upregulated in the mutant. Our results indicate that the rice PELOTA protein is involved in bacterial leaf blight resistance by activating the salicylic acid metabolic pathway.展开更多
基金supported in part by National Institutes of Health T32 AR067708,RO1CA201035the MRB Molecular Imaging Service Center(P50 CA103175)
文摘Discriminating sterile inflammation from infection, especially in cases of aseptic loosening versus an actual prosthetic joint infection, is challenging and has significant treatment implications. Our goal was to evaluate a novel human monoclonal antibody（mAb） probe directed against the Gram-positive bacterial surface molecule lipoteichoic acid（LTA）. Specificity and affinity were assessed in vitro. We then radiolabeled the anti-LTA mAb and evaluated its effectiveness as a diagnostic imaging tool for detecting infection via immuno PET imaging in an in vivo mouse model of prosthetic joint infection（PJI）. In vitro and ex vivo binding of the anti-LTA mAb to pathogenic bacteria was measured with Octet, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The in vivo PJI mouse model was assessed using traditional imaging modalities, including positron emission tomography（PET） with [^（18）F]FDG and [^（18）F]Na F as well as X-ray computed tomography（CT）, before being evaluated with the zirconium-89-labeled antibody specific for LTA（[^（89）Zr]SAC55）.The anti-LTA mAb exhibited specific binding in vitro to LTA-expressing bacteria. Results from imaging showed that our model could reliably simulate infection at the surgical site by bioluminescent imaging, conventional PET tracer imaging, and bone morphological changes by CT. One day following injection of both the radiolabeled anti-LTA and isotype control antibodies, the anti-LTA antibody demonstrated significantly greater（P 〈 0.05） uptake at S. aureus-infected prosthesis sites over either the same antibody at sterile prosthesis sites or of control non-specific antibody at infected prosthesis sites. Taken together, the radiolabeled anti-LTA mAb, [^（89）Zr]SAC55, may serve as a valuable diagnostic molecular imaging probe to help distinguish between sterile inflammation and infection in the setting of PJI. Future studies are needed to determine whether these findings will translate to human PJI.
基金Heilongjiang Dairy Project Italian Grant Project
文摘The trail was designed to study on technique aspects of ensiling rice straw （RS） appended amounts of lactobacillus. There were two groups according to silage ways, baled silage （BS） and chopped silage （CS）, in which lactobacillus was added at levels of 10, 15 and 20 mg·kg^-1, respectively and the mixtures were placed into a packed polyethylene bags and stored at room temperature for 45 days. The results showed that lactobacillus had remarkable effect on fermentation characteristics of RS. The quality of the silage was improved with the lactobacillus addition. In the experiment the optimal quality of rice straw silage （RSS） can be obtained when lactobacillus was added with 15 or 20 mg·kg^-1 level. The effect of different silage methods was very remarkable to the silage quality of same material. The quality of CS was better than that of long silage, at the same time, BS was feasible on condition of eligible level of lactic acid bacteria.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundations of China (Nos.21573265 and 21673263)the Independent Innovation Plan Foundations of Qingdao City of China (No.16-5-1-42-jch)the plan of Youth Science foundations of Gansu Province (No.1610RJYA019)
文摘Three-dimensional （3D） carbonaceous materials derived from bacterial cellulose （BC） has been introduced as electrode for supercapacitors in recent. Here, we report a simple strategy for the synthesis of functional carbon frameworks through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpilperidine l-oxyl radical （TEMPO） mediated oxidation of bacterial cellulose （BC） followed by carbonization. TEMPO-mediated oxidation can efficiently convert the hydroxyls on the surface of BC to carboxylate groups to improve electrochemical activity. Because of its high porosity, good hydrophilicity, rich oxygen groups, and continuous ion transport in-between sheet-like porous network, the TEMPO-oxidized BC delivers a much higher gravimetric capacitance （137.3 Fig） at low annealing temperature of 500℃ than that of pyrolysis BC （31 F/g） at the same annealing temperature. The pyrolysis modified BC obtained at 900℃ shows specific capacitance （160.2Fig）, large current stability and long-term stability （84.2% of its initial capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles）.
基金Zhangjiakou Science and Technology Tackling Program,No.2021099D.
文摘BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective treatment.In surgical treatment,accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to improving treatment effects.AIM To investigate the effect of broad-spectrum bacterial detection on postoperative antibiotic therapy.METHODS A total of 100 children with abdominal infection who received surgical treatment in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2021 were grouped.The observation group collected blood samples upon admission and sent them for broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acid testing,and collected pus or exudate during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing;the control group only sent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing during the operation.RESULTS White blood cell count,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,3 days after surgery,showed better postoperative index than the control group(P<0.05).The hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group.The hospitalization cost in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Early detection of broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acids in pediatric abdominal infections can help identify pathogens sooner and guide the appropriate use of antibiotics,improving treatment outcomes and reducing medical costs to some extent.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2012BAD33B08)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY12B06006)+1 种基金the Research Program of Education Department of Zhejiang Province(No.Y201122061)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20906060)
文摘Six lactic acid bacterial （LAB） strains were isolated from traditionally fermented Xinjiang cheese and evaluated for functional and probiotic properties and potentials as starter cultures. The isolated six LAB strains com- prised Lactobacillus rhamnosus （one strain）, Lactobacillus helveticus （one strain）, and Enterococcus hirae （four strains）. All of the six strains were tolerant to acidic and bile salt conditions. Among which, the L. rhamnosus R4 strain showed more desirable antimicrobial, auto-aggregation, and hydrophobic activity. In addition, the strain L. rhamnosus R4 exhibited the highest level of free radical scavenging activity （53.78% of 1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） free radicals and 45.79% of hydroxyl radicals）. L. rhamnosus R4 also demonstrated cholesterol and triglyceride degrada- tion by 50.97% and 28.92%, respectively. To further examine the health-promoting effects of these LAB strains on host lifespan, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model. Worms fed LAB as a food source had significant differences in lifespan compared to those fed Escherichia coil OP50 （as a negative control）. Feeding of L. rhamnosus R4 extended the mean lifespan of C. elegans by up to 36.1% compared to that of the control. The results suggest that the strains isolated from Xinjiang fermented dairy products have high potential as starter cultures in the cheese industry.
基金The Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (Youth Program) (No. 2004AA639770) and the Chinese NationalBasic Research Priorities Program (No. G1999012004)
文摘We collected the diseased blades of Larninaria japonica from Yantai Sea Farm from October to December 2002, and the alginic acid decomposing bacterium on the diseased blade was isolated and purified, and was identified as A lteromonas espejiana. This bacterium was applied as the causative pathogen to infect the blades of L. japonica under laboratory conditions. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of the bacterium on the growth of L. japonica, and to find the possibly effective mechanism. Results showed that： （1）The blades of L.japonica exhibited symptoms of lesion,bleaching and deteriortion when infected by the bacterium. and their growth and photosynthesis were dramatically suppressed. At the same time, the reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation enhanced obviously, and the relative membrane permeability increased significantly. The contents of malonaldehyde （MDA） and free fatty acid in the microsomol membrane greatly elevated, but the phospholipid content decreased. Result suggested an obvious peroxidation and deesterrification in the blades of L. japonica when infected by the bacterium. （2） The simultaneous assay on the antioxidant enzyme activities demonstrated that superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） increased greatly when infected by the bacterium, but glutathione peroxidase （Gpx） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） did not exhibit active responses to the bacterium throughout the experiment. （3） The histomorphological observations gave a distinctive evidence of the severity of the lesions as well as the relative abundance in the bacterial population on the blades after infection. The bacterium firstly invaded into the endodermis of L. japonica and gathered around there, and then resulted in the membrane damage, cells corruption and ultimately, the death of L. japonica.
文摘Probiotics have become essential in food safety and health discourse with interest in their availability, stability, nutrition, and health implications. In this paper, an overview of probiotics of yeast and lactic acid, bacterial fermented food is presented. Probiotics of <i>Lactobacillus spp.</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium spp</i>.’s activities and processes within the human intestinal system are examined. Yeast and lactic acid bacterial (LAB) fermented foods from classified food groups such as vegetables, cereals, and grains, soybean, milk, fish, meat, and beverages are examined. This paper focuses on probiotic (microorganism) strains identified with food and their potential health and nutrition benefits. Finally, the impact of processing parameters and non-process factors on probiotics potential in fermented food is investigated.
基金Supported by Zhangjiakou Science and Technology Tackling Program,No.2021099D。
文摘BACKGROUND Diagnosing and treating abdominal infection in children remains a challenge.Nucleic acid detection,as a rapid and accurate diagnosis tool,has great significance in this field.AIM To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal infection by nucleic acid detection and its possible correlation with psychological stress in children.METHODS A total of 50 pediatric patients diagnosed with abdominal infections between September 2020 and July 2021 were included in this study.Intra-abdominal pus samples were collected for pathogen culture,drug susceptibility testing,and broad-spectrum bacterial nucleic acid testing.Psychological stress,anxiety,depression,and coping styles were assessed using the coping with a disease(CODI)scale.RESULTS Based on susceptibility testing,a regimen of cefazoxime,piperacillin/tazobactam,and metronidazole or ornidazole achieved 100%effectiveness in treating appendicitis.Psychological assessments revealed a positive correlation between pressure level and both anxiety(r=0.324,P=0.001)and depressive disorders(r=0.325,P<0.001).Acceptance and distancing as coping strategies were negatively correlated with anxiety and depression,while negative emotional responses were strongly associated with increased anxiety(r=0.574,P<0.001)and depression(r=0.511,P=0.001).Coping strategies such as illusion and escape showed no significant correlation with emotional outcomes.CONCLUSION Nucleic acid testing helps in the diagnosis of abdominal infections in children,and also focuses on children's mental health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471572)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFD0101104)
文摘We previously reported a spotted-leaf mutant pelota（originally termed HM_（47）） in rice displaying arrested growth and enhanced resistance to multiple races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Here, we report the mapbased cloning of the causal gene OsPELOTA（originally termed spl^（HM47））. We identified a single base substitution from T to A at position 556 in the coding sequence of OsPELOTA, effectively mutating phenylalanine to isoleucine at position 186 in the translated protein sequence. Both functional complementation and over-expression could rescue the spotted-leaf phenotype. OsPELOTA, a paralogue to eukaryotic release factor 1（eRF_1）, shows high sequence similarity to Drosophila Pelota and also localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane.OsPELOTA is constitutively expressed in roots, leaves,sheaths, stems, and panicles. Elevated levels of salicylic acid and decreased level of jasmonate were detected in the pelota mutant. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that genes responding to salicylic acid were upregulated in the mutant. Our results indicate that the rice PELOTA protein is involved in bacterial leaf blight resistance by activating the salicylic acid metabolic pathway.
