Natural product(NPT)derived from traditional Chinese medicine has a rich history as an integral part of Chinese healthcare for thousands of years.Recently,the application of NPT in sonodynamic antibacterial therapy(SD...Natural product(NPT)derived from traditional Chinese medicine has a rich history as an integral part of Chinese healthcare for thousands of years.Recently,the application of NPT in sonodynamic antibacterial therapy(SDAT)has emerged as a promising area of research.This perspective summarizes the recent NPT-based sonosensitizers in SDAT.Currently,common NPT-based sonosensitizers include curcumin,chlorophyll derivatives,hypericin,and berberine.Compared with other sonosensitizers,natural sources of NPT-based sonosensitizers with reactive oxide species production performance under ultrasound conditions,low biotoxicity,and other additional biological activity make them have application prospects in bacterial removal.Finally,the potential benefits and challenges of NPT-based nanosonosensitizers were also discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patie...BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patients with certain risk factors,including immunocompromised status.We recently diagnosed a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.CASE SUMMARY Patient was a 55-year-old male,with a history of diabetic nephropathy being treated with hemodialysis three times a week.He was referred to our hospital due to an increased volume of ascites,and blood examination revealed increased inflammatory reaction.At our emergency department,he developed fever,disturbance of consciousness,abdominal distension,and abdomen-wide pain.In addition,a dialysis shunt was confirmed in his right forearm,and the shunt site showed no signs of inflammation.No wounds were confirmed on or in his body.A blood examination revealed increased values of white blood cells,C-reactive protein,and creatinine.Plain chest and abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed increased ascites volume.Abdominal paracentesis was performed and a Gram stain revealed Gramnegative bacillus.These findings prompted diagnosis of SBP.The patient was admitted and treated with cefmetazole,causing fever resolution and symptom improvements.Later,E.tarda was identified in ascites culture.The patient improved with decreased inflammatory response and was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.The antibiotic was terminated after 14 days of treatment.SBP in this case may have developed from chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION We report the first known case of SBP due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.展开更多
Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without ...Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.展开更多
The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR...The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR.However,their clinical translation is hindered by their inherently low immunogenicity,often requiring potent adjuvants and advanced delivery systems.Biomembrane nanostructures(e.g.,liposomes,exosomes,and cell membrane-derived nanostructures),characterized by superior biocompatibility,intrinsic targeting ability,and immune-modulating properties,could serve as versatile platforms that potentiate vaccine efficacy by increasing antigen stability,enabling codelivery of immunostimulants,and facilitating targeted delivery to lymphoid tissues/antigen-presenting cells.This intrinsic immunomodulation promotes robust humoral and cellular immune responses to combat bacteria.This review critically reviews(1)key biomembrane nanostructure classes for bacterial protein antigens,(2)design strategies leveraging biomembrane nanostructures to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses,(3)preclinical efficacy against diverse pathogens,and(4)translational challenges and prospects.Biomembrane nanostructure-driven approaches represent a paradigm shift in the development of next-generation bacterial protein vaccines against resistant infections.展开更多
Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover re...Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover remains elusive.Herein,we conducted a microcosm experiment to assess the impacts of RFC combined with(50 mg P kg^(-1)as KH2PO4)and without inorganic P addition on P fractions,P availability,and phoD-harboring bacterial community composition.The results revealed that RFC without P addition significantly improved P availability and phosphatase activity in paddy soil,while soil available P(AP),pH,and microbial biomass P(MBP)contributed to regulating P fractions.Moreover,the phoD-harboring bacterial abundance was linked to phosphatase activity,AP,total carbon(TC),and total P(TP)contents,and the ratios of TC to total nitrogen(TN)and TN to TP.We also found that the keystone taxa of phoD-harboring bacteria contributed to phosphatase production as well as organic P mineralization,thereby improving P availability.Our findings suggest that RFC without P addition is beneficial for promoting the expression of phoD-harboring bacterial functions to improve the capacity of P mineralization.Overall,our study provides insights into the responses of phoD-harboring bacterial functions for P turnover to RFC combined with and without P addition,showing the potential utilization of P resources in agricultural soil and the contribution of phosphatase activity to P acquisition in agriculture ecosystem.展开更多
Aim: This study was carried out in order to evaluate the potential of bacteriophages in controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Study design: A purposive sampling technique was used...Aim: This study was carried out in order to evaluate the potential of bacteriophages in controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Study design: A purposive sampling technique was used to collect samples from bacterial wilt hot spot tomato growing areas in Kenya. Place and duration of study: The research work was done at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, between June 2020 and July 2021. Methodology: Thirty diseased plants and corresponding soil were collected from five counties, Nyeri, Kajiado, Nyandarua, Kiambu and Taita Taveta. Bacteria were isolated and characterized, and then used as hosts to propagate the phages. Tests done were gram stain, oxidation test, potassium hydroxide solubility test, H2S production test catalase test, NaCl test and sugar fermentation test. Molecular analysis and phenotyping were also done in order to identify the bacteria. The bacteriophages were then isolated through a double overlay method using R. solanacearum as the host. They were characterized and assayed in a greenhouse setting to determine their effectiveness in controlling bacterial wilt. Results: Six host bacteria were isolated and all belonged to biovar II. Four phages were observed based on morphology. Upon characterization the phages were stable at 30˚C, PH range between 6 - 7 and tolerance of more than an hour under UV light. In the greenhouse experiment, treatment of plants with bacteriophage prevented wilting after subsequent inoculation with the pathogen. A bacteriophage mix of SN1 and WT1 were used for efficacy tests due to their efficiency in plating and infection. Phage SN1 and WT1 exhibited high lytic activity and relatively high thermotolerance and acid tolerance, thereby showing great potential in the biocontrol of bacterial wilt infection across a variety of conditions. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research show that bacteriophages offer potential for the biocontrol of bacterial wilt.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymoly...BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze(refers to sterile gauze soaked in a multi-enzyme cleaning solution)reduces bacterial air pollution in endoscopy rooms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of an enzymolysis gauze cover in reducing bacterial aerosols from the biopsy valve.METHODS This prospective,single-blind trial included 80 patients undergoing elective diagnostic colonoscopy.During the procedure,the biopsy hole check valve was either covered or left uncovered with enzymolysis gauze.Air samples(100 L)were collected at a distance of 30 cm from the biopsy hole check valve and approximately 140 cm above the floor using a percussive air sampling instrument.Gram-positive bacteria were cultured on standard 90 mm colimycin nalidixic agar blood plates.The primary outcome measures were bacterial load and species identification.RESULTS Covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze reduced bacterial load near the check valve from 50 colony-forming unit(CFU)/m^(3)[interquartile range(IQR):30-80]to 20 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:10-20).At the end of the procedure each day,covering the valve also decreased bacterial load in the endoscopy room from 35 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:33-85)to 10 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:5-10).The predominant bacteria identified were Gram-positive cocci.CONCLUSION Applying enzymolysis gauze to cover the biopsy hole check valve significantly reduces bacterial aerosol contamination in endoscopy rooms during colonoscopy.展开更多
Honey, an apicultural product with a complex chemical composition, contains numerous bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial effects. This study investigated the effect of Apis mellifera honey from Brazil’s ...Honey, an apicultural product with a complex chemical composition, contains numerous bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial effects. This study investigated the effect of Apis mellifera honey from Brazil’s Central-West Region, combined with antibiotics, on bacterial membrane permeability, exploring the contributions of bioactive compounds and the botanical origin of honey. Six fresh Apis mellifera honey samples and their fractions (hexane and ethyl acetate) were analyzed, for a total of 18 samples. The bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Helicobacter pylori and Enterococcus faecalis were used for antibacterial activity tests, which included minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination and synergistic effect (checkerboard) assays. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were quantified, and the botanical origin was determined based on pollen analysis. The tested honey samples significantly affected bacterial membrane permeability when combined with rifampicin and clarithromycin. Although many honey-derived bioactive compounds, when isolated, did not exhibit significant activity against these bacteria, the additive or synergistic effect of multiple compounds acting on different targets appears to potentiate the antibacterial action. Descriptive statistical analysis, including means and 95% confidence intervals, confirmed the relevance of the findings. This study has provided an important discovery: Honey has an effect on bacterial membrane permeability, although the specific mechanisms involved in this process require further investigation.展开更多
The presence of the blood–brain barrier limits the drug concentration in the brain,while low concentrations of antibiotics make it difficult to kill infecting bacteria and tends to induce drug resistance,making the c...The presence of the blood–brain barrier limits the drug concentration in the brain,while low concentrations of antibiotics make it difficult to kill infecting bacteria and tends to induce drug resistance,making the clinical treatment of bacterial meningitis challenging.Herein,a nose-to-brain delivery strategy of small-sized nanozyme has been fabricated for combating bacterial meningitis,to overcome the low drug concentration and drug resistance.This strategy was achieved by a proteinsupported Au nanozyme(ANZ).With a particle size of less than 10 nm,it possesses both glucose oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities and can generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species through a cascade effect without the addition of external H_(2)O_(2).Benefiting from the cascade catalytic amplification effect generated by its dual enzymelike activities,ANZ shows significant broad-spectrum antibacterial activity without inducing bacterial resistance in vitro.Notably,small-sized ANZ exhibits higher brain entry efficiency and greater accumulation after intranasal administration compared to oral or intravenous administration.In a mouse model of bacterial meningitis,the mice treated with ANZ had lower bacterial loads in the brain and higher survival and clinical behavior scores compared to the classical antibiotic ceftriaxone.Additionally,the meningitis mice exhibited undamaged cognitive and behavioral abilities,indicating the excellent biocompatibility of ANZ.The above results demonstrate that nose-to-brain delivery of ANZ exhibits high intracerebral accumulation,strong antibacterial efficacy and does not lead to bacterial resistance.It holds broad prospects for the treatment of bacterial meningitis.展开更多
The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental condition...The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental conditions.However,a comprehensive understanding of the succession of soil bacterial communities that occurs during this process is still lacking.In the present study,we utilized data obtained from paddy fields of different rice cultivation years(0-23 years)to investigate the compositional and functional succession of soil bacterial communities.We focused on core bacterial taxa that were specifically enriched at different successional stages.Generalized joint attribute modeling(GJAM)was used to identify core bacterial taxa.Results indicated that the bare saline-alkali soil(0 year,prior to any rice cultivation)shared few core amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)with paddy fields.In the bare saline-alkali soil,Longimicrobiaceae from the phylum Gemmatimonadetes was dominant,while the dominance was subsequently replaced by Burkholderiaceae and Pedosphaeraceae--phyla affiliated with Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia--after 5 and 23 years of rice cultivation,respectively.The relative abundances of nitrogen metabolism functions in the core bacterial communities of the bare saline-alkali soil were higher than those at other successional stages,while sulfur metabolism functions exhibited the opposite trend.These indicated that the role of the core bacterial taxa in mediating nutrient cycling also evolved and adapted to changing soil conditions as rice cultivation was established.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that the composition of the core bacterial community in paddy fields with rice cultivation for 0,2 and 4,6,8,10,and 12,and 20 and 23 years were driven by soil nitrate nitrogen content,pH,available phosphorus content,and the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen,respectively.In summary,the present study provides insights into the succession of soil bacterial communities and core bacterial taxa that occurs during long-term rice cultivation.展开更多
This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these...This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these treatments could effectively reduce E.coli Colony Forming Units(CFUs)below the critical threshold of 1×105.Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups,each undergoing different interventions to assess the antibacterial efficacy of lidocaine,with outcomes measured through bacterial cultures and CFU quantification.Results demonstrated a Log10reduction of approximately 0.44 in E.coli CFUs following infiltration with 2%lidocaine.The combined use of 2%lidocaine infiltration and 0.9%saline irrigation resulted in nearly complete suppression of bacterial growth.These findings suggest that these simple interventions could be valuable in emergency surgical settings to mitigate the risk of surgical site infections and serve as effective prophylactic measures.increase in hospital stay,which represents an additional cost in terms of expenses and directly impacts the patient's outcome.11Several lines of evidence point to 104colony forming units per gram of tissue(CFUs/g)as the threshold at which healing generally begins to slow.12Knowledge of the antibacterial activity of lidocaine has been used to prevent bacterial contamination of other lipid-based anesthetics,such as propofol,with a significant decrease in bacterial development13-15and its antifungal effect.15,16Other effects attributed to lidocaine concerning systemic inflammatory response are the inhibition of granulocyte adhesion at sites of inflammation,decreased leukocyte adhesion during endotoxemia,and decreased macromolecular filtration;it is suggested that it may play a therapeutic role in endothelial damage during sepsis.17-19On the other hand,different measures have been taken to reduce the surgical wound infection rate,such as prophylactic antibiotics and local wound care,including pressure irrigation with 0.9% saline solution,with good results.20The antibacterial effect of lidocaine has been demonstrated in an animal model21;however,no model resembles surgical wound infection and the use of lidocaine to prevent infection.This study aimed to demonstrate that using 2% lidocaine(2 mL/g of tissue)will reduce the E.coli CFUs below 1×105in an infected superficial surgical wound in an experimental model.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and...[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and different strains were used to ferment soy yogurt.The effects of single-strain and mixed-strain fermentation on the quality of soy yogurt were compared,and the optimal process conditions for fermenting soy yogurt were optimized.[Results]The quality of soy yogurt fermented by the mixed strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei was better than other single-strain fermentation and mixed-strain fermentation,and the best fermentation process adopted following parameters:2%of inoculum ratio,8%of carbon source including sucrose,lactose and glucose in equal proportion,and fermentation time 10 h.Under these conditions,the soy yogurt had a higher sensory score,the best stability,low beany smell and the mildest flavor.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for developing high-quality soy yogurt.展开更多
Bacterial infection presents formidable challenges that frequently culminate in the malfunction of metal implants.Traditional surface treatment methods struggle to effectively achieve controllable management of bacter...Bacterial infection presents formidable challenges that frequently culminate in the malfunction of metal implants.Traditional surface treatment methods struggle to effectively achieve controllable management of bacterial infections associated with metal implants.To effectively enhance the antibacterial capabilities and preventing bacterial adhesion,electroactive materials have emerged as a groundbreaking strategy for surface modification of metal.By responding to external signals,the electroactive materials can improve antibacterial properties and resistance to bacterial adhesion on the implant surface through harnessing the electrostatic interaction of charges,ion release,oxidation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),electron transfer,and the involvement of cellular immunity.This review delves into the principles of how electroactive materials confer implants with antibacterial properties and antibacterial adhesion,while also summarizing the latest research breakthroughs in their application for surface modification.These strategies successfully strike a balance between the antibacterial and the antimicrobial performance of the implant surface.Lastly,the review examines the limitations and ongoing challenges faced by electroactive material modification technology in implant applications,and sketches out the future trajectory and potential innovative avenues in this promising field.展开更多
Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in...Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber has not been reported.Here,we investigated the BSR resistance of 119 cucumber core germplasm worldwide at the seedling stage and identified 26 accessions highly resistant to BSR.A total of 1642740 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were used to conduct GWAS,and five loci associated with BSR resistance were detected on four chromosomes:gBSR2.1,gBSR2.2,gBSR3.1,gBSR4.1 and gBSR5.1.Based on haplotype analysis,sequence polymorphisms,functional annotation and qRT-PCR analysis,six candidate genes were identified within the five loci.CsaV3_2G014450,CsaV3_2G014490,CsaV3_2G016000,CsaV3_3G000850,CsaV3_4G033150,and CsaV3_5G000390 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated in the resistant genotypes after inoculation.And CsaV3_5G000390 in the susceptible genotype was significantly up-regulated after inoculation.The identification of these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber.Generally,our study mined genes associated with BSR resistance in cucumber seedlings and will assist the breeding of BSR-resistant cucumber cultivars.展开更多
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)have been widely used for the promotion of plant performance.Predatory protists can influence the taxonomic and functional composition of rhizosphere bacteria.However,research...Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)have been widely used for the promotion of plant performance.Predatory protists can influence the taxonomic and functional composition of rhizosphere bacteria.However,research on the impact of the interaction between protist and PGPR on plant performance remains at a very early stage.Here,we examined the impacts of individual inoculation of protist(Colpoda inflata,Dimastigella trypaniformis,or Vermamoeba vermiformis)or the PGPR strain Bacillus velezensis SQR9 as well as the co-inoculation of the protist C.inflata and B.velezensis SQR9 on the growth of tomato plants.We found that all individual protists and Bacillus could promote plant growth compared to the control with no microbe inoculation,with the co-inoculation of C.inflata and B.velezensis SQR9 achieving the greatest performance,including plant height,fresh weight,and dry weight.Different protists harbored distinct rhizosphere bacterial communities,with the co-inoculation of protist and Bacillus resulting in the lowest bacterial diversity and driving significant changes in community structure and composition,particularly by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria.Random forest model highlighted Cellvibrio as the most important bacterial predictor of plant growth,which was enriched after protist inoculation,especially after the mixed inoculation of protist and Bacillus.We further found that bacterial functional genes of nitrogen metabolism were the key determinants of plant growth.These results indicate that the interaction between protists and Bacillus can support plant growth by reshaping rhizosphere bacterial community composition and function.Understanding the interaction mechanisms between protist and PGPR is crucial for their effective utilization in sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Plant bacterial diseases have infiicted substantial economic losses in global crop,fruit,and vegetable production.The conventional methods for managing these diseases typically rely on the application of antibiotics.H...Plant bacterial diseases have infiicted substantial economic losses in global crop,fruit,and vegetable production.The conventional methods for managing these diseases typically rely on the application of antibiotics.However,these antibiotics often target the growth factors of the pathogenic bacteria,leading to the accumulation and emergence of drug-resistant strains,which exacerbates antibiotic resistance.Innovative methods are urgently needed to treat and prevent the toxicity caused by these pathogenic bacteria.Targeting virulence mechanisms in pathogens is a globally recognized and effective strategy for mitigating bacterial resistance.TypeⅢsecretion system(T3SS)serves as a crucial virulence determinant in Gram-negative pathogens,and its non-essentials for pathogen growth renders it an ideal target.Targeting the T3SS holds significant potential to alleviate selective pressure for resistance mutations in pathogens.Therefore,targeting T3SS in pathogenic bacteria,while preserving their growth,has emerged as a novel avenue for the development of antimicrobial drugs.In recent years,a multitude of small molecular inhibitors targeting T3SS have been identified.This article offers a comprehensive review of T3SS inhibitors in plant pathogens,while also presenting the latest research advancements in this research direction.展开更多
Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome,with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense.Among these,transfer RNA-de...Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome,with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense.Among these,transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have garnered attention for their roles in modulating microbial behavior.However,the bacterial factors mediating tsRNA interaction and functionality remain poorly understood.In this study,using RNA affinity pull-down assay in combination with mass spectrometry,we identified a putative membrane-bound protein,annotated as P-type ATPase transporter(PtaT)in Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn),which binds Fn-targeting tsRNAs in a sequence-specific manner.Through targeted mutagenesis and phenotypic characterization,we showed that in both the Fn type strain and a clinical tumor isolate,deletion of ptaT led to reduced tsRNA intake and enhanced resistance to tsRNA-induced growth inhibition.Global RNA sequencing and label-free Raman spectroscopy revealed the phenotypic differences between Fn wild type and PtaT-deficient mutant,highlighting the functional significance of PtaT in purine and pyrimidine metabolism.Furthermore,AlphaFold 3 prediction provides evidence supporting the specific binding between PtaT and Fn-targeting tsRNA.By uncovering the first RNA-binding protein in Fn implicated in growth modulation through interactions with host-derived small RNAs(sRNAs),our study offers new insights into sRNA-mediated host-pathogen interplay within the context of microbiome-host interactions.展开更多
Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette(ABC)transporter systems are divided into importers and exporters that facilitate the movement of diverse substrate molecules across the lipid bilayer,against the concentrat...Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette(ABC)transporter systems are divided into importers and exporters that facilitate the movement of diverse substrate molecules across the lipid bilayer,against the concentration gradient.These transporters comprise two highly conserved nucleotide-binding domains(NBDs)and two transmembrane domains(TMDs).Unlike ABC exporters,prokaryotic ABC importers require an additional substrate-binding protein(SBP)as a recognition site for specific substrate translocation.The discovery of a large number of ABC systems in bacterial pathogens revealed that these transporters are crucial for the establishment of bacterial infections.The existing literature has highlighted the roles of ABC transporters in bacterial growth,pathogenesis,and virulence.These roles include importing essential nutrients required for a variety of cellular processes and exporting outer membrane-associated virulence factors and antimicrobial substances.This review outlines the general structures and classification of ABC systems to provide a comprehensive view of the activities and roles of ABC transporters associated with bacterial virulence and pathogenesis during infection.展开更多
Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between...Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between eight peanut cultivars and 27 wild species carrying the A,B,E,Ex,F,K,P,and H genomes.Embryo culture and chromosome doubling led to polyploids representing hybrids between cultivated peanut and A.stenosperma,A.macedoi,A.duranensis,A.villosa,and A.diogoi.The first two showed greater resistance to bacterial wilt than their cultivated parents.DNA markers were developed for verifying the hybrids and for identifying translocation or introgression lines with alien chromosome fragments.展开更多
Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light abso...Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light absorption efficiency,rapid charge recombination,and inadequate interfacial charge transfer.In this study,an inorganic/organic S-scheme photo-Fenton system of pseudobrookite/carbon nitride(FTOCN)was synthesized via a hydrothermally coupled calcination process for the effective purification of tetracycline antibiotics under visible-light irradiation.The optimized FTOCN-2 heterostructure exhibits a significantly enhanced TC degradation capacity of 90%within 60 min.The rate constant of FTOCN-2 is 1.6 and 5.2 times greater than those of FTO and CN,respectively.Furthermore,FTOCN exhibits high antibacterial efficacy,highlighting its potential application in the purification of natural water.Measurements via a range of analytical techniques,including Kelvin probe force microscopy,density functional theory calculations,in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,corroborate the S-scheme mechanism.This study provides a novel perspective for the development of photo-Fenton systems with S-scheme heterojunctions for water purification.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(X2025102911746,X2025102910483).
文摘Natural product(NPT)derived from traditional Chinese medicine has a rich history as an integral part of Chinese healthcare for thousands of years.Recently,the application of NPT in sonodynamic antibacterial therapy(SDAT)has emerged as a promising area of research.This perspective summarizes the recent NPT-based sonosensitizers in SDAT.Currently,common NPT-based sonosensitizers include curcumin,chlorophyll derivatives,hypericin,and berberine.Compared with other sonosensitizers,natural sources of NPT-based sonosensitizers with reactive oxide species production performance under ultrasound conditions,low biotoxicity,and other additional biological activity make them have application prospects in bacterial removal.Finally,the potential benefits and challenges of NPT-based nanosonosensitizers were also discussed.
文摘BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patients with certain risk factors,including immunocompromised status.We recently diagnosed a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.CASE SUMMARY Patient was a 55-year-old male,with a history of diabetic nephropathy being treated with hemodialysis three times a week.He was referred to our hospital due to an increased volume of ascites,and blood examination revealed increased inflammatory reaction.At our emergency department,he developed fever,disturbance of consciousness,abdominal distension,and abdomen-wide pain.In addition,a dialysis shunt was confirmed in his right forearm,and the shunt site showed no signs of inflammation.No wounds were confirmed on or in his body.A blood examination revealed increased values of white blood cells,C-reactive protein,and creatinine.Plain chest and abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed increased ascites volume.Abdominal paracentesis was performed and a Gram stain revealed Gramnegative bacillus.These findings prompted diagnosis of SBP.The patient was admitted and treated with cefmetazole,causing fever resolution and symptom improvements.Later,E.tarda was identified in ascites culture.The patient improved with decreased inflammatory response and was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.The antibiotic was terminated after 14 days of treatment.SBP in this case may have developed from chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION We report the first known case of SBP due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375101)the Natural Science of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(24KJB430027).
文摘Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82573571)the Shanghai 2025 Basic Research Plan Natural Science Foundation(25ZR1401393)the First Batch of Open Topics of the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices(2025QN13)。
文摘The global burden of bacterial infections,exacerbated by antimicrobial resistance(AMR),necessitates innovative strategies.Bacterial protein vaccines offer promise by eliciting targeted immunity while circumventing AMR.However,their clinical translation is hindered by their inherently low immunogenicity,often requiring potent adjuvants and advanced delivery systems.Biomembrane nanostructures(e.g.,liposomes,exosomes,and cell membrane-derived nanostructures),characterized by superior biocompatibility,intrinsic targeting ability,and immune-modulating properties,could serve as versatile platforms that potentiate vaccine efficacy by increasing antigen stability,enabling codelivery of immunostimulants,and facilitating targeted delivery to lymphoid tissues/antigen-presenting cells.This intrinsic immunomodulation promotes robust humoral and cellular immune responses to combat bacteria.This review critically reviews(1)key biomembrane nanostructure classes for bacterial protein antigens,(2)design strategies leveraging biomembrane nanostructures to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses,(3)preclinical efficacy against diverse pathogens,and(4)translational challenges and prospects.Biomembrane nanostructure-driven approaches represent a paradigm shift in the development of next-generation bacterial protein vaccines against resistant infections.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(No.2021B0202030002)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019B030301007)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Special Project of Rural Revitalization Strategy,China(No.(2021)12)the Joint Team Project of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,China(No.NT2021010)the Innovation Team Construction Project of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Systems of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022KJ105).
文摘Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover remains elusive.Herein,we conducted a microcosm experiment to assess the impacts of RFC combined with(50 mg P kg^(-1)as KH2PO4)and without inorganic P addition on P fractions,P availability,and phoD-harboring bacterial community composition.The results revealed that RFC without P addition significantly improved P availability and phosphatase activity in paddy soil,while soil available P(AP),pH,and microbial biomass P(MBP)contributed to regulating P fractions.Moreover,the phoD-harboring bacterial abundance was linked to phosphatase activity,AP,total carbon(TC),and total P(TP)contents,and the ratios of TC to total nitrogen(TN)and TN to TP.We also found that the keystone taxa of phoD-harboring bacteria contributed to phosphatase production as well as organic P mineralization,thereby improving P availability.Our findings suggest that RFC without P addition is beneficial for promoting the expression of phoD-harboring bacterial functions to improve the capacity of P mineralization.Overall,our study provides insights into the responses of phoD-harboring bacterial functions for P turnover to RFC combined with and without P addition,showing the potential utilization of P resources in agricultural soil and the contribution of phosphatase activity to P acquisition in agriculture ecosystem.
文摘Aim: This study was carried out in order to evaluate the potential of bacteriophages in controlling tomato bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Study design: A purposive sampling technique was used to collect samples from bacterial wilt hot spot tomato growing areas in Kenya. Place and duration of study: The research work was done at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, between June 2020 and July 2021. Methodology: Thirty diseased plants and corresponding soil were collected from five counties, Nyeri, Kajiado, Nyandarua, Kiambu and Taita Taveta. Bacteria were isolated and characterized, and then used as hosts to propagate the phages. Tests done were gram stain, oxidation test, potassium hydroxide solubility test, H2S production test catalase test, NaCl test and sugar fermentation test. Molecular analysis and phenotyping were also done in order to identify the bacteria. The bacteriophages were then isolated through a double overlay method using R. solanacearum as the host. They were characterized and assayed in a greenhouse setting to determine their effectiveness in controlling bacterial wilt. Results: Six host bacteria were isolated and all belonged to biovar II. Four phages were observed based on morphology. Upon characterization the phages were stable at 30˚C, PH range between 6 - 7 and tolerance of more than an hour under UV light. In the greenhouse experiment, treatment of plants with bacteriophage prevented wilting after subsequent inoculation with the pathogen. A bacteriophage mix of SN1 and WT1 were used for efficacy tests due to their efficiency in plating and infection. Phage SN1 and WT1 exhibited high lytic activity and relatively high thermotolerance and acid tolerance, thereby showing great potential in the biocontrol of bacterial wilt infection across a variety of conditions. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research show that bacteriophages offer potential for the biocontrol of bacterial wilt.
基金Supported by the Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou,No.2025HZGF05the Key R and D Program of Zhejiang Province,No.2023C03054 and No.2024C03048+1 种基金the Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine(Digestive Diseases)in Zhejiang Province,No.2024-XK-61the Zhejiang Province Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2021KY848.
文摘BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination during colonoscopy is a significant concern,yet few studies have evaluated bacterial aerosols.This study aimed to determine whether covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze(refers to sterile gauze soaked in a multi-enzyme cleaning solution)reduces bacterial air pollution in endoscopy rooms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of an enzymolysis gauze cover in reducing bacterial aerosols from the biopsy valve.METHODS This prospective,single-blind trial included 80 patients undergoing elective diagnostic colonoscopy.During the procedure,the biopsy hole check valve was either covered or left uncovered with enzymolysis gauze.Air samples(100 L)were collected at a distance of 30 cm from the biopsy hole check valve and approximately 140 cm above the floor using a percussive air sampling instrument.Gram-positive bacteria were cultured on standard 90 mm colimycin nalidixic agar blood plates.The primary outcome measures were bacterial load and species identification.RESULTS Covering the biopsy hole check valve with enzymolysis gauze reduced bacterial load near the check valve from 50 colony-forming unit(CFU)/m^(3)[interquartile range(IQR):30-80]to 20 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:10-20).At the end of the procedure each day,covering the valve also decreased bacterial load in the endoscopy room from 35 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:33-85)to 10 CFU/m^(3)(IQR:5-10).The predominant bacteria identified were Gram-positive cocci.CONCLUSION Applying enzymolysis gauze to cover the biopsy hole check valve significantly reduces bacterial aerosol contamination in endoscopy rooms during colonoscopy.
文摘Honey, an apicultural product with a complex chemical composition, contains numerous bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial effects. This study investigated the effect of Apis mellifera honey from Brazil’s Central-West Region, combined with antibiotics, on bacterial membrane permeability, exploring the contributions of bioactive compounds and the botanical origin of honey. Six fresh Apis mellifera honey samples and their fractions (hexane and ethyl acetate) were analyzed, for a total of 18 samples. The bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Helicobacter pylori and Enterococcus faecalis were used for antibacterial activity tests, which included minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination and synergistic effect (checkerboard) assays. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were quantified, and the botanical origin was determined based on pollen analysis. The tested honey samples significantly affected bacterial membrane permeability when combined with rifampicin and clarithromycin. Although many honey-derived bioactive compounds, when isolated, did not exhibit significant activity against these bacteria, the additive or synergistic effect of multiple compounds acting on different targets appears to potentiate the antibacterial action. Descriptive statistical analysis, including means and 95% confidence intervals, confirmed the relevance of the findings. This study has provided an important discovery: Honey has an effect on bacterial membrane permeability, although the specific mechanisms involved in this process require further investigation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172855)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2632024ZD07,2632024TD02)the Open Project of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Resources(Clinical Resources)Coordination Service Platform(No.TC2023B001)。
文摘The presence of the blood–brain barrier limits the drug concentration in the brain,while low concentrations of antibiotics make it difficult to kill infecting bacteria and tends to induce drug resistance,making the clinical treatment of bacterial meningitis challenging.Herein,a nose-to-brain delivery strategy of small-sized nanozyme has been fabricated for combating bacterial meningitis,to overcome the low drug concentration and drug resistance.This strategy was achieved by a proteinsupported Au nanozyme(ANZ).With a particle size of less than 10 nm,it possesses both glucose oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities and can generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species through a cascade effect without the addition of external H_(2)O_(2).Benefiting from the cascade catalytic amplification effect generated by its dual enzymelike activities,ANZ shows significant broad-spectrum antibacterial activity without inducing bacterial resistance in vitro.Notably,small-sized ANZ exhibits higher brain entry efficiency and greater accumulation after intranasal administration compared to oral or intravenous administration.In a mouse model of bacterial meningitis,the mice treated with ANZ had lower bacterial loads in the brain and higher survival and clinical behavior scores compared to the classical antibiotic ceftriaxone.Additionally,the meningitis mice exhibited undamaged cognitive and behavioral abilities,indicating the excellent biocompatibility of ANZ.The above results demonstrate that nose-to-brain delivery of ANZ exhibits high intracerebral accumulation,strong antibacterial efficacy and does not lead to bacterial resistance.It holds broad prospects for the treatment of bacterial meningitis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32371734,42007034,41920104008,and U22A20593)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA28020400)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2023205)the Young Scientist Group Project of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of China(No.2022QNXZ04)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province of China(No.YDZJ202101ZYTS006).
文摘The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental conditions.However,a comprehensive understanding of the succession of soil bacterial communities that occurs during this process is still lacking.In the present study,we utilized data obtained from paddy fields of different rice cultivation years(0-23 years)to investigate the compositional and functional succession of soil bacterial communities.We focused on core bacterial taxa that were specifically enriched at different successional stages.Generalized joint attribute modeling(GJAM)was used to identify core bacterial taxa.Results indicated that the bare saline-alkali soil(0 year,prior to any rice cultivation)shared few core amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)with paddy fields.In the bare saline-alkali soil,Longimicrobiaceae from the phylum Gemmatimonadetes was dominant,while the dominance was subsequently replaced by Burkholderiaceae and Pedosphaeraceae--phyla affiliated with Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia--after 5 and 23 years of rice cultivation,respectively.The relative abundances of nitrogen metabolism functions in the core bacterial communities of the bare saline-alkali soil were higher than those at other successional stages,while sulfur metabolism functions exhibited the opposite trend.These indicated that the role of the core bacterial taxa in mediating nutrient cycling also evolved and adapted to changing soil conditions as rice cultivation was established.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that the composition of the core bacterial community in paddy fields with rice cultivation for 0,2 and 4,6,8,10,and 12,and 20 and 23 years were driven by soil nitrate nitrogen content,pH,available phosphorus content,and the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen,respectively.In summary,the present study provides insights into the succession of soil bacterial communities and core bacterial taxa that occurs during long-term rice cultivation.
文摘This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these treatments could effectively reduce E.coli Colony Forming Units(CFUs)below the critical threshold of 1×105.Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups,each undergoing different interventions to assess the antibacterial efficacy of lidocaine,with outcomes measured through bacterial cultures and CFU quantification.Results demonstrated a Log10reduction of approximately 0.44 in E.coli CFUs following infiltration with 2%lidocaine.The combined use of 2%lidocaine infiltration and 0.9%saline irrigation resulted in nearly complete suppression of bacterial growth.These findings suggest that these simple interventions could be valuable in emergency surgical settings to mitigate the risk of surgical site infections and serve as effective prophylactic measures.increase in hospital stay,which represents an additional cost in terms of expenses and directly impacts the patient's outcome.11Several lines of evidence point to 104colony forming units per gram of tissue(CFUs/g)as the threshold at which healing generally begins to slow.12Knowledge of the antibacterial activity of lidocaine has been used to prevent bacterial contamination of other lipid-based anesthetics,such as propofol,with a significant decrease in bacterial development13-15and its antifungal effect.15,16Other effects attributed to lidocaine concerning systemic inflammatory response are the inhibition of granulocyte adhesion at sites of inflammation,decreased leukocyte adhesion during endotoxemia,and decreased macromolecular filtration;it is suggested that it may play a therapeutic role in endothelial damage during sepsis.17-19On the other hand,different measures have been taken to reduce the surgical wound infection rate,such as prophylactic antibiotics and local wound care,including pressure irrigation with 0.9% saline solution,with good results.20The antibacterial effect of lidocaine has been demonstrated in an animal model21;however,no model resembles surgical wound infection and the use of lidocaine to prevent infection.This study aimed to demonstrate that using 2% lidocaine(2 mL/g of tissue)will reduce the E.coli CFUs below 1×105in an infected superficial surgical wound in an experimental model.
基金Supported by Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Shaoyang University(CX2023SY028,CX2024SY032)+1 种基金Key Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(21A048)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ50232).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products.[Methods]Soybeans were selected as the raw material,which was soaked and ground,and different strains were used to ferment soy yogurt.The effects of single-strain and mixed-strain fermentation on the quality of soy yogurt were compared,and the optimal process conditions for fermenting soy yogurt were optimized.[Results]The quality of soy yogurt fermented by the mixed strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei was better than other single-strain fermentation and mixed-strain fermentation,and the best fermentation process adopted following parameters:2%of inoculum ratio,8%of carbon source including sucrose,lactose and glucose in equal proportion,and fermentation time 10 h.Under these conditions,the soy yogurt had a higher sensory score,the best stability,low beany smell and the mildest flavor.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for developing high-quality soy yogurt.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFC2406000 and 2021YFC2400402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52101285,51932002,U21A2055 and U22A20160)
文摘Bacterial infection presents formidable challenges that frequently culminate in the malfunction of metal implants.Traditional surface treatment methods struggle to effectively achieve controllable management of bacterial infections associated with metal implants.To effectively enhance the antibacterial capabilities and preventing bacterial adhesion,electroactive materials have emerged as a groundbreaking strategy for surface modification of metal.By responding to external signals,the electroactive materials can improve antibacterial properties and resistance to bacterial adhesion on the implant surface through harnessing the electrostatic interaction of charges,ion release,oxidation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),electron transfer,and the involvement of cellular immunity.This review delves into the principles of how electroactive materials confer implants with antibacterial properties and antibacterial adhesion,while also summarizing the latest research breakthroughs in their application for surface modification.These strategies successfully strike a balance between the antibacterial and the antimicrobial performance of the implant surface.Lastly,the review examines the limitations and ongoing challenges faced by electroactive material modification technology in implant applications,and sketches out the future trajectory and potential innovative avenues in this promising field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFD1200101)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(Grant No.CARS-23)Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS).
文摘Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber has not been reported.Here,we investigated the BSR resistance of 119 cucumber core germplasm worldwide at the seedling stage and identified 26 accessions highly resistant to BSR.A total of 1642740 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were used to conduct GWAS,and five loci associated with BSR resistance were detected on four chromosomes:gBSR2.1,gBSR2.2,gBSR3.1,gBSR4.1 and gBSR5.1.Based on haplotype analysis,sequence polymorphisms,functional annotation and qRT-PCR analysis,six candidate genes were identified within the five loci.CsaV3_2G014450,CsaV3_2G014490,CsaV3_2G016000,CsaV3_3G000850,CsaV3_4G033150,and CsaV3_5G000390 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated in the resistant genotypes after inoculation.And CsaV3_5G000390 in the susceptible genotype was significantly up-regulated after inoculation.The identification of these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber.Generally,our study mined genes associated with BSR resistance in cucumber seedlings and will assist the breeding of BSR-resistant cucumber cultivars.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42377296 and 42107141)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFD1901402 and 2023YFD1901105)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.YDZX2025046).
文摘Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)have been widely used for the promotion of plant performance.Predatory protists can influence the taxonomic and functional composition of rhizosphere bacteria.However,research on the impact of the interaction between protist and PGPR on plant performance remains at a very early stage.Here,we examined the impacts of individual inoculation of protist(Colpoda inflata,Dimastigella trypaniformis,or Vermamoeba vermiformis)or the PGPR strain Bacillus velezensis SQR9 as well as the co-inoculation of the protist C.inflata and B.velezensis SQR9 on the growth of tomato plants.We found that all individual protists and Bacillus could promote plant growth compared to the control with no microbe inoculation,with the co-inoculation of C.inflata and B.velezensis SQR9 achieving the greatest performance,including plant height,fresh weight,and dry weight.Different protists harbored distinct rhizosphere bacterial communities,with the co-inoculation of protist and Bacillus resulting in the lowest bacterial diversity and driving significant changes in community structure and composition,particularly by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria.Random forest model highlighted Cellvibrio as the most important bacterial predictor of plant growth,which was enriched after protist inoculation,especially after the mixed inoculation of protist and Bacillus.We further found that bacterial functional genes of nitrogen metabolism were the key determinants of plant growth.These results indicate that the interaction between protists and Bacillus can support plant growth by reshaping rhizosphere bacterial community composition and function.Understanding the interaction mechanisms between protist and PGPR is crucial for their effective utilization in sustainable agriculture.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFD1701100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072450)+2 种基金the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province(No.2021B1515020107)the Opening Foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology(No.NRG202306)the Opening Foundation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control(No.MSDC2023-19)。
文摘Plant bacterial diseases have infiicted substantial economic losses in global crop,fruit,and vegetable production.The conventional methods for managing these diseases typically rely on the application of antibiotics.However,these antibiotics often target the growth factors of the pathogenic bacteria,leading to the accumulation and emergence of drug-resistant strains,which exacerbates antibiotic resistance.Innovative methods are urgently needed to treat and prevent the toxicity caused by these pathogenic bacteria.Targeting virulence mechanisms in pathogens is a globally recognized and effective strategy for mitigating bacterial resistance.TypeⅢsecretion system(T3SS)serves as a crucial virulence determinant in Gram-negative pathogens,and its non-essentials for pathogen growth renders it an ideal target.Targeting the T3SS holds significant potential to alleviate selective pressure for resistance mutations in pathogens.Therefore,targeting T3SS in pathogenic bacteria,while preserving their growth,has emerged as a novel avenue for the development of antimicrobial drugs.In recent years,a multitude of small molecular inhibitors targeting T3SS have been identified.This article offers a comprehensive review of T3SS inhibitors in plant pathogens,while also presenting the latest research advancements in this research direction.
基金supported by NSF 2333230 (J.L.),NIH National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) awards,DE030943 (X.H.),DE023810 (X.H.) and DE031329 (J.L.),T90 DE026110,and K99 DE033794 (to P.-T.D.)
文摘Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome,with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense.Among these,transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have garnered attention for their roles in modulating microbial behavior.However,the bacterial factors mediating tsRNA interaction and functionality remain poorly understood.In this study,using RNA affinity pull-down assay in combination with mass spectrometry,we identified a putative membrane-bound protein,annotated as P-type ATPase transporter(PtaT)in Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn),which binds Fn-targeting tsRNAs in a sequence-specific manner.Through targeted mutagenesis and phenotypic characterization,we showed that in both the Fn type strain and a clinical tumor isolate,deletion of ptaT led to reduced tsRNA intake and enhanced resistance to tsRNA-induced growth inhibition.Global RNA sequencing and label-free Raman spectroscopy revealed the phenotypic differences between Fn wild type and PtaT-deficient mutant,highlighting the functional significance of PtaT in purine and pyrimidine metabolism.Furthermore,AlphaFold 3 prediction provides evidence supporting the specific binding between PtaT and Fn-targeting tsRNA.By uncovering the first RNA-binding protein in Fn implicated in growth modulation through interactions with host-derived small RNAs(sRNAs),our study offers new insights into sRNA-mediated host-pathogen interplay within the context of microbiome-host interactions.
基金supported by the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia under the Research University Grant(No.GUP-2020-030)awarded to Sylvia CHIENG.
文摘Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette(ABC)transporter systems are divided into importers and exporters that facilitate the movement of diverse substrate molecules across the lipid bilayer,against the concentration gradient.These transporters comprise two highly conserved nucleotide-binding domains(NBDs)and two transmembrane domains(TMDs).Unlike ABC exporters,prokaryotic ABC importers require an additional substrate-binding protein(SBP)as a recognition site for specific substrate translocation.The discovery of a large number of ABC systems in bacterial pathogens revealed that these transporters are crucial for the establishment of bacterial infections.The existing literature has highlighted the roles of ABC transporters in bacterial growth,pathogenesis,and virulence.These roles include importing essential nutrients required for a variety of cellular processes and exporting outer membrane-associated virulence factors and antimicrobial substances.This review outlines the general structures and classification of ABC systems to provide a comprehensive view of the activities and roles of ABC transporters associated with bacterial virulence and pathogenesis during infection.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272153)Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Joint Fund(232301420025)+4 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200200)the Key Research Project of the Shennong Laboratory(SN01-2022-03)Independent Innovation Foundation of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2024ZC024)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13)Henan Provincial Agriculture Research System(S2012-5).
文摘Wild peanut(Arachis)species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars.The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between eight peanut cultivars and 27 wild species carrying the A,B,E,Ex,F,K,P,and H genomes.Embryo culture and chromosome doubling led to polyploids representing hybrids between cultivated peanut and A.stenosperma,A.macedoi,A.duranensis,A.villosa,and A.diogoi.The first two showed greater resistance to bacterial wilt than their cultivated parents.DNA markers were developed for verifying the hybrids and for identifying translocation or introgression lines with alien chromosome fragments.
文摘Solar-driven Fenton-like reactions are promising strategies for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater to address environmental challenges and antibiotic pollution.However,its efficacy is limited by suboptimal light absorption efficiency,rapid charge recombination,and inadequate interfacial charge transfer.In this study,an inorganic/organic S-scheme photo-Fenton system of pseudobrookite/carbon nitride(FTOCN)was synthesized via a hydrothermally coupled calcination process for the effective purification of tetracycline antibiotics under visible-light irradiation.The optimized FTOCN-2 heterostructure exhibits a significantly enhanced TC degradation capacity of 90%within 60 min.The rate constant of FTOCN-2 is 1.6 and 5.2 times greater than those of FTO and CN,respectively.Furthermore,FTOCN exhibits high antibacterial efficacy,highlighting its potential application in the purification of natural water.Measurements via a range of analytical techniques,including Kelvin probe force microscopy,density functional theory calculations,in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,corroborate the S-scheme mechanism.This study provides a novel perspective for the development of photo-Fenton systems with S-scheme heterojunctions for water purification.
