Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers(PCSELs)utilize the Bragg diffraction of two-dimensional photonic crystals to achieve a single-mode output with a high power and a small divergence angle,and has recently attrac...Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers(PCSELs)utilize the Bragg diffraction of two-dimensional photonic crystals to achieve a single-mode output with a high power and a small divergence angle,and has recently attracted much attention^([1−3]).In 2023,Kyoto University reported GaAs-based 945 nm PCSELs with a continuous-wave(CW)single-mode output power of exceeding 50 W,and a narrow beam divergence angle of 0.05°,demonstrating a brightness of 1 GW·cm^(−2)·sr^(−1),which rivals those of the existing bulky lasers^([4]).展开更多
In this paper, the influence of processing parameters and powder binder content was studied and analysed on the properties of high loft nonwoven fabrics mainly using statistical analysis method. The relationship betwe...In this paper, the influence of processing parameters and powder binder content was studied and analysed on the properties of high loft nonwoven fabrics mainly using statistical analysis method. The relationship between the bulkiness and the warmth retention property was also tested. The analytical results reveal that the increase of the powder content, heating temperature and pressure will affect the tensile strength of nonwovens. Moreover, there are interactions between these parameters. The compression properties only change a little for a powder binder content of 15％—20％. However, with the increase of the heating temperature and pressure, the bulkiness and compression rate will reduce significantly. For the bulk density of high loft nonwoven fabrics, there exists a heat transter mechanism of air convection, but the higher the bulkiness of nonwovens, the larger the thickness and the better the warmth retention property of nonwoven fabrics.展开更多
Different from the grain boundary diffusion process(GBDP),which is suitable for modifying thin magnet,a green-pressing agents permeation process(GAPP)that uses low melting point alloys was applied to the Nd-Fe-B green...Different from the grain boundary diffusion process(GBDP),which is suitable for modifying thin magnet,a green-pressing agents permeation process(GAPP)that uses low melting point alloys was applied to the Nd-Fe-B green compact with a thickness over 15 mm to reconstruct the boundary microstructure of a sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet.The coercivity increases from 12.3 kOe for the sample free of Pr80Al20 to16.8 kOe for the sample with 2 wt%Pr80Al20.By further increasing the Pr80Al20 content to 3 wt%,the coercivity increases slightly,but the remanence and Hk/Hcj deteriorate obviously.The optimal comprehensive properties of Hcj=16.8 kOe,Br=13.4 kG and Hk/Hcj=0.975 are obtained at 2 wt%Pr80Al20,since matrix phase grains are separated by relatively continuous thin grain boundary layers,which weaken the magnetic coupling between adjacent grains.The coercivities of the samples from the GAPP that use2 wt%Pr80Al20,Pr70Al30 and Pr60Tb20Al20 alloys,respectively,can be enhanced to a large extent.However,the coercivity of the magnet reconstructed with Pr80Al20 is lower than that of the sample with Pr60Tb20Al20 but is higher than that of the sample reconstructed with Pr70Cu30 alloy.Moreover,the coercivity of the sample from the GAPP using 2 wt%Pr80Al20 is much higher than that of the sample from the GBDP,which is due to a nearly uniform boundary microstructure from the surface to the interior of the thick magnet from the GAPP,thus providing new insights into the fabrication of thick and bulky permanent magnets with high coercivity.展开更多
A new series of mono-cyclometalated square planar platinum(Ⅱ) complexes have been synthesized and the single-crystal X-ray structures of complex 1 and 2 have been determined.The complexes have the general formula ppy...A new series of mono-cyclometalated square planar platinum(Ⅱ) complexes have been synthesized and the single-crystal X-ray structures of complex 1 and 2 have been determined.The complexes have the general formula ppyPt(O^O),where ppy is 2-phenylpyridyl,and O^O is β-diketonate ancillary ligands with the acyl substituent group in position 3 of(D)-(+)-camphor.Although,like the many Pt(Ⅱ) complexes with square-planar geometry,these complexes have plane stacking modes in crystal structure,the sterically bulky camphor-derived groups compel extensive slipping of the molecular stacking planes,resulting in the negligible overlapping of the aromatic ring fragments between molecules and the considerable Pt-Pt distance.The resolved spectra and a little shifted emission in solid state of complexes show that there is significant reduction of π-π interactions and Pt-Pt interactions,and suggest these complexes may be good candidates for doped phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PhOLEDs) and even for nondoped PhOLEDs.展开更多
Wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells suffer from severe non-radiative recombination and exhibit relatively large opencircuit voltage(V_(OC))deficits,limiting their photovoltaic performance.Here,we address these iss...Wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells suffer from severe non-radiative recombination and exhibit relatively large opencircuit voltage(V_(OC))deficits,limiting their photovoltaic performance.Here,we address these issues by in-situ forming a well-defined 2D perovskite(PMA)_(2)PbCl_(4)(phenmethylammonium is referred to as PMA)passivation layer on top of the WBG active layer.The 2D layer with highly pure dimensionality and halide components is realized by intentionally tailoring the side-chain substituent at the aryl ring of the post-treatment reagent.First-principle calculation and single-crystal X-ray diffraction results reveal that weak intermolecular interactions between bulky PMA cations and relatively low cation-halide hydrogen bonding strength are crucial in forming the well-defined 2D phase.The(PMA)_(2)PbCl_(4)forms improved type-I energy level alignment with the WBG perovskite,reducing the electron recombination at the perovskite/hole-transport-layer interface.Applying this strategy in fabricating semi-transparent WBG perovskite solar cells(indium tin oxide as the back electrode),the V_(OC)deficits can be reduced to 0.49 V,comparable with the reported state-of-the-art WBG perovskite solar cells using metal electrodes.Consequently,we obtain hysteresis-free 18.60%-efficient WBG perovskite solar cells with a high V_(OC)of 1.23 V.展开更多
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognos...Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognosis and died within 12 mo. We here describe a 71-year old man with AFP-producing colon cancer who presented with an unusual bulky lymph node metastasis instead of hematogenous spread. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to curative surgical resection, which prolonged his survival.展开更多
New unsymmetrical diamine monomer containing triaryl imidazole pendent group, 4-[4-（4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-y1）phe- noxy]-1,3-benzenediamine, was synthesized via aromatic substitution reaction of 1-chloro-2,4-din...New unsymmetrical diamine monomer containing triaryl imidazole pendent group, 4-[4-（4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-y1）phe- noxy]-1,3-benzenediamine, was synthesized via aromatic substitution reaction of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with 4-（4,5- diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-y1）pbenol, followed by palladium-catalyzed hydrazine reduction. This new monomer was further confirmed by FT-IR, IH NMR and ^13C NMR. Novel polyamides having pendant triaryl imidazole group were prepared by the phosphorylation polycondensation of four commercially aromatic dicarboxylic acids with the prepared diamine. Inherent viscosities of polyamides were in the range 0.42-0.53 dL/g indicating formation of medium molecular weight polymers. Polyamides exhibited glass-transition temperature （Tg） in the range 236-265 ℃. These polymers are essentially amorphous and were soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc. The 10% weight loss temperatures in air atmosphere, measured by TGA were in the range 350-373 ℃ indicating their good thermal stabilities. ？2009 Mousa Ghaemy. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.展开更多
Objective To investigate the potential role of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on early stage cervical squamous carcinoma with bulky tumor. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with cervical squamous cancer ...Objective To investigate the potential role of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on early stage cervical squamous carcinoma with bulky tumor. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with cervical squamous cancer stagesⅠb-Ⅱa were investigated, among which17 patients with bulky tumors (≥4 cm) were managed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 1-2 courses followed by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (BC group). The change of tumor size, pelvic lymph nodes metastasis, cervical wall invasion, the involvement of surgical specimen margin, and the blood loss during operation were assessed after opera-tion and compared with those in 51 patients with bulky tumors (BN group) and 77 patients with small local tumors (S group) who underwent surgery directly. Results (1) The tumor size of 17 patients in BC group were decreased in various degrees after chemotherapy, with 13 pati-ents of clinical effectiveness (76.47%). And the responsiveness pertained to neither histological differentiation nor size of local tumors. (2) Post-operative histology has showed that patients in BC and BN group have higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and deep cervical infiltration (5/68 and 3/68, respectively) than in S group (1/77 and 1/77, respectively) while with no statistical significance. (3) Blood loss during operation in BC group was less than BN and S group. (4) Seventeen patients, including those underwent surgeries of vaginal prolongation and/or ovarian transposition, appeared disease-free survival within the follow-up time. Conclusions Most of patients with bulky early stage cervical squamous carcinoma are sensitive to cisplatin-based chem-otherapy, which could greatly reduce local tumor size and in turn facilitate the following operation by well controlling blood loss.展开更多
To achieve high power conversion efficiency(PCE),three porphyrin sensitizers have been synthesized and explored to simultaneously enhance the photocurrent(JSC)and photovoltage(VOC).On basis of the XW4,a benzothiadiazo...To achieve high power conversion efficiency(PCE),three porphyrin sensitizers have been synthesized and explored to simultaneously enhance the photocurrent(JSC)and photovoltage(VOC).On basis of the XW4,a benzothiadiazole(BTD)unit has been introduced to afford XW57 with the aim to extend the absorption wavelength and enhance the light harvesting ability.As a result,a JSC of 13.72 mA/cm^2 has been obtained for XW57,higher than that of XW4.On this basis,XW58 has been prepared by modifying the carbazole-based donor with two bulky dihexyloxyphenyl groups,and the superior anti-aggregation character raises the VOC from 781 mV(XW4)to 844 mV.When both the BTD unit and the bulky groups are introduced to the acceptor and donor units,respectively,the resulting sensitizer XW59 exhibits a highest PCE value of 7.34%with synergistically enhanced JSC of 13.19 mA/cm^2 and VOC of 793 mV.These results provide further insight into developing high performance dye-sensitized solar cells.展开更多
Tetrahydrobenzo[5]helicenediol（THB-[5]HDIOL） derivatives as additives for the efficient prolinecatalyzed asymmetric List-Lerner-Barbas（LLB） aldol reactions of bulky aldehyde substrates was described. It was found ...Tetrahydrobenzo[5]helicenediol（THB-[5]HDIOL） derivatives as additives for the efficient prolinecatalyzed asymmetric List-Lerner-Barbas（LLB） aldol reactions of bulky aldehyde substrates was described. It was found that with dibromo-substituted helical diols P-4 a/M-4 a as additives, the prolinecatalyzed LLB aldol reaction of 9-anthraldehyde and acetone gave the product in 83% yield and 99% ee.Transition state models revealed an edge-to-face p-p stacking between the anthracenyl group in TS（R）and the phenyl group of the additive, which might result in the high enantioselectivity.展开更多
Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy of women in Bangladesh. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of patients with early invasive cancer confined to cervix. While the five-year survival rat...Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy of women in Bangladesh. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of patients with early invasive cancer confined to cervix. While the five-year survival rate after surgery for stage IB1 disease exceeds 90%, it is only 60% - 70% for stage IB2 and IIA2 (tumor size > 4 cm). To improve the outcome of treatment, two to three cycles of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT) has been evaluated as a treatment strategy in stage IB2 and IIA2 diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by Radical Surgery (RS) among the patients with early bulky cervical cancer (Stage IB2 & IIA2) to reduce the tumor size to achieve radical resectibility. Methods: This study was carried out at the Gynaecological Oncology Division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府) during the period July 2015 to December 2015. Thirty-eight patients with early bulky cervical cancer without any prior medical or surgical treatment received NACT using intravenous paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 followed by radical surgery. The primary outcome measure assessed the response to NACT to reduce the size of the tumor. Secondary outcome measures assessed the resectibility of tumor and compared the preoperative clinical stage to the postoperative pathological stage. This study also assessed the relationship of intraoperative and postoperative complications including the adverse effects of postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Results: Clinical response to NACT was 94.7% (84.2% complete response + 10.5% partial response). Progressive disease was found in two cases (5.3%). Duration of surgery was less than 2 hours in 81.6% cases and greater than 3 hours in 13.2% cases only. All women lived 5 to 10 hours away from Dhaka and could not return for in person follow-up. It was possible to get telephone follow-up on twenty-four women (63%). Seven (29%) had died from their cancers within one year of their surgery. Seventeen women were alive and disease free two years after completeion of their treatment. Conclusion: NACT is a feasible approach for improving the resectability of early stage bulky cervical cancer at B中央人民政府.展开更多
Chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-porphyrinato)-aluminum/tetraethylammonium bromide(Et4NBr)in combination with bulky Lewis acid was used for the copolymerization of CO_2 and cyclohexene oxide(CHO).Bulky Lewis acid having ...Chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-porphyrinato)-aluminum/tetraethylammonium bromide(Et4NBr)in combination with bulky Lewis acid was used for the copolymerization of CO_2 and cyclohexene oxide(CHO).Bulky Lewis acid having substituents at the ortho positions of the phenolate ligands,like methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate), significantly shortened the induction period and raised the catalytic activity,the corresponding turnover frequency reached 44.9 h^(-1)in 9 h,which was 23.8% higher than th...展开更多
Aminosilane bearing bulky substituents on nitrogen： LH2 （L = Me2Si（NDipp＇）2, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl） was reacted with BuLi in toluene. The resulting bulky chelating dianion Me2Si（NDipp）2 was used to synt...Aminosilane bearing bulky substituents on nitrogen： LH2 （L = Me2Si（NDipp＇）2, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl） was reacted with BuLi in toluene. The resulting bulky chelating dianion Me2Si（NDipp）2 was used to synthesize the unusual spirocyclic heterotriatomic complex [MeESi（NDipp）2]ESn （1） by its reaction with SnCl4 and the bulky heterotriatomic complex Me2Si（NDipp）2SnPh2 （2） with Ph2SnC12. 1 belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 13.193（2）, b = 20.663（3）, c = 20.403（3）A, β = 99.954（2）°, V = 5478.3（15） A3, C55H85.5N4Si2Sn, Mr = 977.64, Z = 4, Dc. = 1.185 Mg/m3, μ（MoKa） = 0.547 mm-1, F（000） = 2086, S = 1.000, the final R = 0.0614 and wR = 0.1322 for 14446 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I）） and R = 0.0797 and wR = 0.1456 for all data. 2 belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.36（15）, b = 13.204（7）, c = 14.363（7） A, a = 90.214（10）, β = 106.182（7）, y = 109.854（8）°, V = 1764.4（15） A3, C38HsoN2SiSn, M,. = 681.58, Z = 2, Dc = 1.283 Mg/m^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.785 mm-1, F（000） = 712, S = 1.002, the final R = 0.0498 and wR = 0.0955 for 7533 observed reβections （I 〉 2σ（I）） and R = 0.0676 and wR = 0.1018 for all data. In the structure of 1, the tin atom is located in the spirocyclic center of the two fused four-membered SnN2Si rings. The two complexes were characterized by ^1H NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray structural analysis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Para-aortic lymph nodes(PALNs)are common sites for the regional spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with cervical SCC with mu...BACKGROUND Para-aortic lymph nodes(PALNs)are common sites for the regional spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with cervical SCC with multiple bulky PALNs,largest measured 4.5 cm×5 cm×10 cm.The patient was treated with radical intent with definitive chemoradiation using sequential doseescalated adaptive radiotherapy,followed by maintenance chemotherapy.The patient achieved a complete response;she has been doing well since the completion of treatment with no evidence of the disease for 2 years.CONCLUSION Regardless of the size of PALN metastases of cervical carcinoma origin,it is still treatable(with radical intent)via concurrent chemoradiation.Adaptive radiotherapy allows dose escalation with minimal toxicity.展开更多
This paper reports the reactions of a monomeric aluminum dihydride LAlH2(L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2,Ar=2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)with diazo,azido,and terminal alkyne compounds.The reaction of LAlH2 with N2CH(SiMe3)and N3(1-Ad)occurred thr...This paper reports the reactions of a monomeric aluminum dihydride LAlH2(L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2,Ar=2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)with diazo,azido,and terminal alkyne compounds.The reaction of LAlH2 with N2CH(SiMe3)and N3(1-Ad)occurred through an Al-H addition to end-on nitrogen to yield respective compounds LAl[N(H)N=CH(SiMe3)]2(1)and LAl[N(H)N=N(1-Ad)]2(2),while the reaction of LAlH2 with PhC≡CH occurred through a stepwise deprotonation to yield LAlH(C≡CPh)(5)and LAl-(C≡CPh)2(6),respectively.2 further reacted by N2-release to yield LAl[NH(1-Ad)][N(H)N=N(1-Ad)](3)and LAl[NH-(1-Ad)]2(4)upon the increased temperature treatment.Compounds 1-6 have been fully characterized,revealing novel reactivity patterns of LAlH2 toward different substrates under the steric influence from the bulky L ligand at Al.展开更多
E.coli AlkB is a direct DNA/RNA repair protein that oxidatively reverses N1 alkylated purines and N3 alkylated pyrimidines to regular bases.Previous crystal structures have revealed N1-methyl adenine(1-meA)recognition...E.coli AlkB is a direct DNA/RNA repair protein that oxidatively reverses N1 alkylated purines and N3 alkylated pyrimidines to regular bases.Previous crystal structures have revealed N1-methyl adenine(1-meA)recognition by AlkB and a unique base flipping mechanism,but how the AlkB active site can accommodate bulky base adducts is largely unknown.Employing a previously developed chemical cross-linking technique,we crystallized AlkB with a duplex DNA containing a caged thymine base(cagedT).The structure revealed a flexible hairpin lid and a reorganized substrate recognition loop used by AlkB to accommodate cagedT.These observations demonstrate,at the molecular level,how bulky DNA adducts may be recognized and processed by AlkB.展开更多
Organosilanes are not found in nature but play a crucial role in the sustainable development of modern society.Si-chiral organosilanes represent a type of novel chemical space that is highly desirable for research ori...Organosilanes are not found in nature but play a crucial role in the sustainable development of modern society.Si-chiral organosilanes represent a type of novel chemical space that is highly desirable for research oriented in terms of their properties,including synthetic chemistry,drug discovery,and materials and life sciences.While much effort has been given to the catalytic enantioselective construction of Si-chirality,the facile synthesis of multifunctional Si-chiral silanes remains undeveloped.Here,we report an unprecedented highly enantioselective copper-catalyzed desymmetric sulfonylation or acylation of prochiral 1,3-siladiols for the expedient synthesis of multifunctional Si-chiral silanes with both a hydroxymethyl group and an ester group as synthetic handles.A one-pot tandem desymmetric sulfonylation/substitution sequence,internally reusing waste chloride or bromide formed from the upstream sulfonylation step as the reagent for a substitution step,is also exploited for the atom-efficient synthesis of Si-chiral silylmethanols featuring a chloromethyl or bromomethyl group.A newly developed sterically confined pyridine-bis(oxazoline)(PYBOX)ligand with a bulky C4 amide-containing shielding group is crucial for achieving excellent reactivity and enantioselectivity.The scale-up synthesis and various diversifying elaborations of multifunctional Si-chiral silylmethanols further highlight the synthetic practicability of this protocol.展开更多
Tailoring multiple degrees-of-freedom(DoFs)to achieve high-dimensional laser field is crucial for advancing optical technologies.While recent advancements have demonstrated the ability to manipulate a limited number o...Tailoring multiple degrees-of-freedom(DoFs)to achieve high-dimensional laser field is crucial for advancing optical technologies.While recent advancements have demonstrated the ability to manipulate a limited number of DoFs,most existing methods rely on bulky optical components or intricate systems that employ time-consuming iterative methods and,most critically,the on-demand tailoring of multiple DoFs simultaneously through a compact,single element—remains underexplored.In this study,we propose an intelligent hybrid strategy that enables the simultaneous and customizable manipulation of six DoFs:wave vector,initial phase,spatial mode,amplitude,orbital angular momentum(OAM)and spin angular momentum(SAM).Our approach advances in phase-only property,which facilitates tailoring strategy experimentally demonstrated on a compact metasurface.A fabricated sample is tailored to realize arbitrary manipulation across six DoFs,constructing a 288-dimensional space.Notably,since the OAM eigenstates constitute an infinite dimensional Hilbert space,this proposal can be further extended to even higher dimensions.Proof-of-principle experiments confirm the effectiveness in manipulation capability and dimensionality.We envision that this powerful tailoring ability offers immense potential for multifunctional photonic devices across both classical and quantum scenarios and such compactness extending the dimensional capabilities for integration on-chip requirements.展开更多
Micro and nanoscale particles have played crucial roles across diverse fields,from biomedical imaging and environmental processes to early disease diagnosis,influencing numerous scientific research and industrial appl...Micro and nanoscale particles have played crucial roles across diverse fields,from biomedical imaging and environmental processes to early disease diagnosis,influencing numerous scientific research and industrial applications.Their unique characteristics demand accurate detection,characterization,and identification.However,conventional spectroscopy and microscopy commonly used to characterize and identify tiny objects often involve bulky equipment and intricate,time-consuming sample preparation.Over the past two decades,optical micro-sensors have emerged as a promising sensor technology with their high sensitivity and compact configuration.However,their broad applicability is constrained by the requirement of surface binding for selective sensing and the difficulty in differentiating between various sensing targets,which limits their application in detecting targets in their native state or in complex biological samples.Developing label-free and immobilization-free sensing techniques that can directly detect target particles in complex solutions is crucial for overcoming the inherent limitations of current biosensors.In this study,we design and demonstrate an optofluidic,high throughput,ultra-sensitive optical microresonator sensor that can capture subtle acoustic signals,generated by tiny particles from the absorption of pulsed light energy,providing photoacoustic spectroscopy information for real-time,label-free detection and interrogation of particles and cells in their native solution environments across an extended sensing volume.Leveraging unique optical absorption of the targets,our technique can selectively detect and classify particles flowing through the sensor systems without the need for surface binding,even in a complex sample matrix,such as whole blood samples.We showcase the measurement of gold nanoparticles with diverse geometries and different species of red blood cells in the presence of other cellular elements and a wide variety of proteins.These particles are effectively identified and classified based on their photoacoustic fingerprint that captures particle shape,composition,molecule properties,and morphology features.This work opens up new avenues to achieve rapid,reliable,and high-throughput particle and cell identification in clinical and industrial applications,offering a valuable tool for understanding complex biological and environmental systems.展开更多
Orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the capacity of optical multiplexing systems,leveraging their theoretically unbounded set of orthogonal spatial modes.However,the g...Orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the capacity of optical multiplexing systems,leveraging their theoretically unbounded set of orthogonal spatial modes.However,the generation and detection of OAM multiplexing signals are predominantly reliant on bulky optical components within complex optical setups.We introduce a compact solution for OAM information processing using laser-written glass chips,facilitating efficient multiplexing and demultiplexing of multiple OAM information channels.During the multiplexing process,OAM channels are managed via laser-scribed single-mode waveguides within a glass chip,with their modes converted using laser-written holograms on the side wall of the glass chip.The reciprocal process is employed for OAM demultiplexing.Our chips seamlessly interface with commercial optical fibers,ensuring compatibility with existing fiber-optic communication infrastructure.This work not only establishes,to our knowledge,a novel approach for OAM optical multiplexing but also underscores the potential of laser writing technology in advancing photonics and its practical applications in optical communications.展开更多
基金funded by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2024YFB3612200,2023YFB3609601,2022YFB3604300,2022YFB2802801,2022YFB3604802)Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U24A20300,62174174,62274177,62275263,62325406,62374172,62304242,62304240,62404241)+4 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant Nos.2022323 and 2022324)Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2023018-2)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(Grant No.BK20240126)Suzhou Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.SYC2022089,ZXL2024379,and ZXL2024376)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2022A1515110482 and 2022A1515110004).
文摘Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers(PCSELs)utilize the Bragg diffraction of two-dimensional photonic crystals to achieve a single-mode output with a high power and a small divergence angle,and has recently attracted much attention^([1−3]).In 2023,Kyoto University reported GaAs-based 945 nm PCSELs with a continuous-wave(CW)single-mode output power of exceeding 50 W,and a narrow beam divergence angle of 0.05°,demonstrating a brightness of 1 GW·cm^(−2)·sr^(−1),which rivals those of the existing bulky lasers^([4]).
文摘In this paper, the influence of processing parameters and powder binder content was studied and analysed on the properties of high loft nonwoven fabrics mainly using statistical analysis method. The relationship between the bulkiness and the warmth retention property was also tested. The analytical results reveal that the increase of the powder content, heating temperature and pressure will affect the tensile strength of nonwovens. Moreover, there are interactions between these parameters. The compression properties only change a little for a powder binder content of 15％—20％. However, with the increase of the heating temperature and pressure, the bulkiness and compression rate will reduce significantly. For the bulk density of high loft nonwoven fabrics, there exists a heat transter mechanism of air convection, but the higher the bulkiness of nonwovens, the larger the thickness and the better the warmth retention property of nonwoven fabrics.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51401021)the State Key Laboratory Advanced Metals and Materials(20162-14).
文摘Different from the grain boundary diffusion process(GBDP),which is suitable for modifying thin magnet,a green-pressing agents permeation process(GAPP)that uses low melting point alloys was applied to the Nd-Fe-B green compact with a thickness over 15 mm to reconstruct the boundary microstructure of a sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet.The coercivity increases from 12.3 kOe for the sample free of Pr80Al20 to16.8 kOe for the sample with 2 wt%Pr80Al20.By further increasing the Pr80Al20 content to 3 wt%,the coercivity increases slightly,but the remanence and Hk/Hcj deteriorate obviously.The optimal comprehensive properties of Hcj=16.8 kOe,Br=13.4 kG and Hk/Hcj=0.975 are obtained at 2 wt%Pr80Al20,since matrix phase grains are separated by relatively continuous thin grain boundary layers,which weaken the magnetic coupling between adjacent grains.The coercivities of the samples from the GAPP that use2 wt%Pr80Al20,Pr70Al30 and Pr60Tb20Al20 alloys,respectively,can be enhanced to a large extent.However,the coercivity of the magnet reconstructed with Pr80Al20 is lower than that of the sample with Pr60Tb20Al20 but is higher than that of the sample reconstructed with Pr70Cu30 alloy.Moreover,the coercivity of the sample from the GAPP using 2 wt%Pr80Al20 is much higher than that of the sample from the GBDP,which is due to a nearly uniform boundary microstructure from the surface to the interior of the thick magnet from the GAPP,thus providing new insights into the fabrication of thick and bulky permanent magnets with high coercivity.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20472060)the Basic Research Foundation of Sichuan Province,China (Grant No. 07JY029-015)
文摘A new series of mono-cyclometalated square planar platinum(Ⅱ) complexes have been synthesized and the single-crystal X-ray structures of complex 1 and 2 have been determined.The complexes have the general formula ppyPt(O^O),where ppy is 2-phenylpyridyl,and O^O is β-diketonate ancillary ligands with the acyl substituent group in position 3 of(D)-(+)-camphor.Although,like the many Pt(Ⅱ) complexes with square-planar geometry,these complexes have plane stacking modes in crystal structure,the sterically bulky camphor-derived groups compel extensive slipping of the molecular stacking planes,resulting in the negligible overlapping of the aromatic ring fragments between molecules and the considerable Pt-Pt distance.The resolved spectra and a little shifted emission in solid state of complexes show that there is significant reduction of π-π interactions and Pt-Pt interactions,and suggest these complexes may be good candidates for doped phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PhOLEDs) and even for nondoped PhOLEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179042,U21A2078,and 51902110)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020J06021 and 2020J01064).
文摘Wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells suffer from severe non-radiative recombination and exhibit relatively large opencircuit voltage(V_(OC))deficits,limiting their photovoltaic performance.Here,we address these issues by in-situ forming a well-defined 2D perovskite(PMA)_(2)PbCl_(4)(phenmethylammonium is referred to as PMA)passivation layer on top of the WBG active layer.The 2D layer with highly pure dimensionality and halide components is realized by intentionally tailoring the side-chain substituent at the aryl ring of the post-treatment reagent.First-principle calculation and single-crystal X-ray diffraction results reveal that weak intermolecular interactions between bulky PMA cations and relatively low cation-halide hydrogen bonding strength are crucial in forming the well-defined 2D phase.The(PMA)_(2)PbCl_(4)forms improved type-I energy level alignment with the WBG perovskite,reducing the electron recombination at the perovskite/hole-transport-layer interface.Applying this strategy in fabricating semi-transparent WBG perovskite solar cells(indium tin oxide as the back electrode),the V_(OC)deficits can be reduced to 0.49 V,comparable with the reported state-of-the-art WBG perovskite solar cells using metal electrodes.Consequently,we obtain hysteresis-free 18.60%-efficient WBG perovskite solar cells with a high V_(OC)of 1.23 V.
文摘Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognosis and died within 12 mo. We here describe a 71-year old man with AFP-producing colon cancer who presented with an unusual bulky lymph node metastasis instead of hematogenous spread. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to curative surgical resection, which prolonged his survival.
文摘New unsymmetrical diamine monomer containing triaryl imidazole pendent group, 4-[4-（4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-y1）phe- noxy]-1,3-benzenediamine, was synthesized via aromatic substitution reaction of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with 4-（4,5- diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-y1）pbenol, followed by palladium-catalyzed hydrazine reduction. This new monomer was further confirmed by FT-IR, IH NMR and ^13C NMR. Novel polyamides having pendant triaryl imidazole group were prepared by the phosphorylation polycondensation of four commercially aromatic dicarboxylic acids with the prepared diamine. Inherent viscosities of polyamides were in the range 0.42-0.53 dL/g indicating formation of medium molecular weight polymers. Polyamides exhibited glass-transition temperature （Tg） in the range 236-265 ℃. These polymers are essentially amorphous and were soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc. The 10% weight loss temperatures in air atmosphere, measured by TGA were in the range 350-373 ℃ indicating their good thermal stabilities. ？2009 Mousa Ghaemy. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
文摘Objective To investigate the potential role of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on early stage cervical squamous carcinoma with bulky tumor. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with cervical squamous cancer stagesⅠb-Ⅱa were investigated, among which17 patients with bulky tumors (≥4 cm) were managed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 1-2 courses followed by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (BC group). The change of tumor size, pelvic lymph nodes metastasis, cervical wall invasion, the involvement of surgical specimen margin, and the blood loss during operation were assessed after opera-tion and compared with those in 51 patients with bulky tumors (BN group) and 77 patients with small local tumors (S group) who underwent surgery directly. Results (1) The tumor size of 17 patients in BC group were decreased in various degrees after chemotherapy, with 13 pati-ents of clinical effectiveness (76.47%). And the responsiveness pertained to neither histological differentiation nor size of local tumors. (2) Post-operative histology has showed that patients in BC and BN group have higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and deep cervical infiltration (5/68 and 3/68, respectively) than in S group (1/77 and 1/77, respectively) while with no statistical significance. (3) Blood loss during operation in BC group was less than BN and S group. (4) Seventeen patients, including those underwent surgeries of vaginal prolongation and/or ovarian transposition, appeared disease-free survival within the follow-up time. Conclusions Most of patients with bulky early stage cervical squamous carcinoma are sensitive to cisplatin-based chem-otherapy, which could greatly reduce local tumor size and in turn facilitate the following operation by well controlling blood loss.
基金Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,ECSFR,CAFS(No.2018T02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21772041,21811530005,21971063,U1707602)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.WK1616004,222201717003)。
文摘To achieve high power conversion efficiency(PCE),three porphyrin sensitizers have been synthesized and explored to simultaneously enhance the photocurrent(JSC)and photovoltage(VOC).On basis of the XW4,a benzothiadiazole(BTD)unit has been introduced to afford XW57 with the aim to extend the absorption wavelength and enhance the light harvesting ability.As a result,a JSC of 13.72 mA/cm^2 has been obtained for XW57,higher than that of XW4.On this basis,XW58 has been prepared by modifying the carbazole-based donor with two bulky dihexyloxyphenyl groups,and the superior anti-aggregation character raises the VOC from 781 mV(XW4)to 844 mV.When both the BTD unit and the bulky groups are introduced to the acceptor and donor units,respectively,the resulting sensitizer XW59 exhibits a highest PCE value of 7.34%with synergistically enhanced JSC of 13.19 mA/cm^2 and VOC of 793 mV.These results provide further insight into developing high performance dye-sensitized solar cells.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21572233)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No. XDB12010400) for financial supports
文摘Tetrahydrobenzo[5]helicenediol（THB-[5]HDIOL） derivatives as additives for the efficient prolinecatalyzed asymmetric List-Lerner-Barbas（LLB） aldol reactions of bulky aldehyde substrates was described. It was found that with dibromo-substituted helical diols P-4 a/M-4 a as additives, the prolinecatalyzed LLB aldol reaction of 9-anthraldehyde and acetone gave the product in 83% yield and 99% ee.Transition state models revealed an edge-to-face p-p stacking between the anthracenyl group in TS（R）and the phenyl group of the additive, which might result in the high enantioselectivity.
文摘Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy of women in Bangladesh. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of patients with early invasive cancer confined to cervix. While the five-year survival rate after surgery for stage IB1 disease exceeds 90%, it is only 60% - 70% for stage IB2 and IIA2 (tumor size > 4 cm). To improve the outcome of treatment, two to three cycles of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT) has been evaluated as a treatment strategy in stage IB2 and IIA2 diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by Radical Surgery (RS) among the patients with early bulky cervical cancer (Stage IB2 & IIA2) to reduce the tumor size to achieve radical resectibility. Methods: This study was carried out at the Gynaecological Oncology Division of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府) during the period July 2015 to December 2015. Thirty-eight patients with early bulky cervical cancer without any prior medical or surgical treatment received NACT using intravenous paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 followed by radical surgery. The primary outcome measure assessed the response to NACT to reduce the size of the tumor. Secondary outcome measures assessed the resectibility of tumor and compared the preoperative clinical stage to the postoperative pathological stage. This study also assessed the relationship of intraoperative and postoperative complications including the adverse effects of postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Results: Clinical response to NACT was 94.7% (84.2% complete response + 10.5% partial response). Progressive disease was found in two cases (5.3%). Duration of surgery was less than 2 hours in 81.6% cases and greater than 3 hours in 13.2% cases only. All women lived 5 to 10 hours away from Dhaka and could not return for in person follow-up. It was possible to get telephone follow-up on twenty-four women (63%). Seven (29%) had died from their cancers within one year of their surgery. Seventeen women were alive and disease free two years after completeion of their treatment. Conclusion: NACT is a feasible approach for improving the resectability of early stage bulky cervical cancer at B中央人民政府.
基金The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20634040).
文摘Chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-porphyrinato)-aluminum/tetraethylammonium bromide(Et4NBr)in combination with bulky Lewis acid was used for the copolymerization of CO_2 and cyclohexene oxide(CHO).Bulky Lewis acid having substituents at the ortho positions of the phenolate ligands,like methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate), significantly shortened the induction period and raised the catalytic activity,the corresponding turnover frequency reached 44.9 h^(-1)in 9 h,which was 23.8% higher than th...
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21001016 and 20901009)
文摘Aminosilane bearing bulky substituents on nitrogen： LH2 （L = Me2Si（NDipp＇）2, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl） was reacted with BuLi in toluene. The resulting bulky chelating dianion Me2Si（NDipp）2 was used to synthesize the unusual spirocyclic heterotriatomic complex [MeESi（NDipp）2]ESn （1） by its reaction with SnCl4 and the bulky heterotriatomic complex Me2Si（NDipp）2SnPh2 （2） with Ph2SnC12. 1 belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 13.193（2）, b = 20.663（3）, c = 20.403（3）A, β = 99.954（2）°, V = 5478.3（15） A3, C55H85.5N4Si2Sn, Mr = 977.64, Z = 4, Dc. = 1.185 Mg/m3, μ（MoKa） = 0.547 mm-1, F（000） = 2086, S = 1.000, the final R = 0.0614 and wR = 0.1322 for 14446 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I）） and R = 0.0797 and wR = 0.1456 for all data. 2 belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.36（15）, b = 13.204（7）, c = 14.363（7） A, a = 90.214（10）, β = 106.182（7）, y = 109.854（8）°, V = 1764.4（15） A3, C38HsoN2SiSn, M,. = 681.58, Z = 2, Dc = 1.283 Mg/m^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.785 mm-1, F（000） = 712, S = 1.002, the final R = 0.0498 and wR = 0.0955 for 7533 observed reβections （I 〉 2σ（I）） and R = 0.0676 and wR = 0.1018 for all data. In the structure of 1, the tin atom is located in the spirocyclic center of the two fused four-membered SnN2Si rings. The two complexes were characterized by ^1H NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray structural analysis.
文摘BACKGROUND Para-aortic lymph nodes(PALNs)are common sites for the regional spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with cervical SCC with multiple bulky PALNs,largest measured 4.5 cm×5 cm×10 cm.The patient was treated with radical intent with definitive chemoradiation using sequential doseescalated adaptive radiotherapy,followed by maintenance chemotherapy.The patient achieved a complete response;she has been doing well since the completion of treatment with no evidence of the disease for 2 years.CONCLUSION Regardless of the size of PALN metastases of cervical carcinoma origin,it is still treatable(with radical intent)via concurrent chemoradiation.Adaptive radiotherapy allows dose escalation with minimal toxicity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20842006,20972129,and 20902112)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20090460748)+1 种基金the Fund for New Teacher of Higher Education(200803841012)the Project Sponsored by SRF for ROCS,SEM(2009060011500466)
文摘This paper reports the reactions of a monomeric aluminum dihydride LAlH2(L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2,Ar=2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)with diazo,azido,and terminal alkyne compounds.The reaction of LAlH2 with N2CH(SiMe3)and N3(1-Ad)occurred through an Al-H addition to end-on nitrogen to yield respective compounds LAl[N(H)N=CH(SiMe3)]2(1)and LAl[N(H)N=N(1-Ad)]2(2),while the reaction of LAlH2 with PhC≡CH occurred through a stepwise deprotonation to yield LAlH(C≡CPh)(5)and LAl-(C≡CPh)2(6),respectively.2 further reacted by N2-release to yield LAl[NH(1-Ad)][N(H)N=N(1-Ad)](3)and LAl[NH-(1-Ad)]2(4)upon the increased temperature treatment.Compounds 1-6 have been fully characterized,revealing novel reactivity patterns of LAlH2 toward different substrates under the steric influence from the bulky L ligand at Al.
基金supported by the National Institute of Health(GM071440 to C.H.)Data collection was performed at GM/CA-CAT Beamline 23-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratorysupport for this beamline comes from the National Institute of Health and the United States Department of Energy
文摘E.coli AlkB is a direct DNA/RNA repair protein that oxidatively reverses N1 alkylated purines and N3 alkylated pyrimidines to regular bases.Previous crystal structures have revealed N1-methyl adenine(1-meA)recognition by AlkB and a unique base flipping mechanism,but how the AlkB active site can accommodate bulky base adducts is largely unknown.Employing a previously developed chemical cross-linking technique,we crystallized AlkB with a duplex DNA containing a caged thymine base(cagedT).The structure revealed a flexible hairpin lid and a reorganized substrate recognition loop used by AlkB to accommodate cagedT.These observations demonstrate,at the molecular level,how bulky DNA adducts may be recognized and processed by AlkB.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22471073,22171087)the Technology Innovation Project of Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Committee(HNK(T2023302))+2 种基金the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2023ZKZD37)the Ministry of Education(PCSIRT)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Organosilanes are not found in nature but play a crucial role in the sustainable development of modern society.Si-chiral organosilanes represent a type of novel chemical space that is highly desirable for research oriented in terms of their properties,including synthetic chemistry,drug discovery,and materials and life sciences.While much effort has been given to the catalytic enantioselective construction of Si-chirality,the facile synthesis of multifunctional Si-chiral silanes remains undeveloped.Here,we report an unprecedented highly enantioselective copper-catalyzed desymmetric sulfonylation or acylation of prochiral 1,3-siladiols for the expedient synthesis of multifunctional Si-chiral silanes with both a hydroxymethyl group and an ester group as synthetic handles.A one-pot tandem desymmetric sulfonylation/substitution sequence,internally reusing waste chloride or bromide formed from the upstream sulfonylation step as the reagent for a substitution step,is also exploited for the atom-efficient synthesis of Si-chiral silylmethanols featuring a chloromethyl or bromomethyl group.A newly developed sterically confined pyridine-bis(oxazoline)(PYBOX)ligand with a bulky C4 amide-containing shielding group is crucial for achieving excellent reactivity and enantioselectivity.The scale-up synthesis and various diversifying elaborations of multifunctional Si-chiral silylmethanols further highlight the synthetic practicability of this protocol.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3607700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62350011,62375014)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(1232031)Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Universities of China(2024CX11002).
文摘Tailoring multiple degrees-of-freedom(DoFs)to achieve high-dimensional laser field is crucial for advancing optical technologies.While recent advancements have demonstrated the ability to manipulate a limited number of DoFs,most existing methods rely on bulky optical components or intricate systems that employ time-consuming iterative methods and,most critically,the on-demand tailoring of multiple DoFs simultaneously through a compact,single element—remains underexplored.In this study,we propose an intelligent hybrid strategy that enables the simultaneous and customizable manipulation of six DoFs:wave vector,initial phase,spatial mode,amplitude,orbital angular momentum(OAM)and spin angular momentum(SAM).Our approach advances in phase-only property,which facilitates tailoring strategy experimentally demonstrated on a compact metasurface.A fabricated sample is tailored to realize arbitrary manipulation across six DoFs,constructing a 288-dimensional space.Notably,since the OAM eigenstates constitute an infinite dimensional Hilbert space,this proposal can be further extended to even higher dimensions.Proof-of-principle experiments confirm the effectiveness in manipulation capability and dimensionality.We envision that this powerful tailoring ability offers immense potential for multifunctional photonic devices across both classical and quantum scenarios and such compactness extending the dimensional capabilities for integration on-chip requirements.
基金supported in part by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative(CZI)and the AI for Health Institute(AIHealth)at Washington University in St.Louis.
文摘Micro and nanoscale particles have played crucial roles across diverse fields,from biomedical imaging and environmental processes to early disease diagnosis,influencing numerous scientific research and industrial applications.Their unique characteristics demand accurate detection,characterization,and identification.However,conventional spectroscopy and microscopy commonly used to characterize and identify tiny objects often involve bulky equipment and intricate,time-consuming sample preparation.Over the past two decades,optical micro-sensors have emerged as a promising sensor technology with their high sensitivity and compact configuration.However,their broad applicability is constrained by the requirement of surface binding for selective sensing and the difficulty in differentiating between various sensing targets,which limits their application in detecting targets in their native state or in complex biological samples.Developing label-free and immobilization-free sensing techniques that can directly detect target particles in complex solutions is crucial for overcoming the inherent limitations of current biosensors.In this study,we design and demonstrate an optofluidic,high throughput,ultra-sensitive optical microresonator sensor that can capture subtle acoustic signals,generated by tiny particles from the absorption of pulsed light energy,providing photoacoustic spectroscopy information for real-time,label-free detection and interrogation of particles and cells in their native solution environments across an extended sensing volume.Leveraging unique optical absorption of the targets,our technique can selectively detect and classify particles flowing through the sensor systems without the need for surface binding,even in a complex sample matrix,such as whole blood samples.We showcase the measurement of gold nanoparticles with diverse geometries and different species of red blood cells in the presence of other cellular elements and a wide variety of proteins.These particles are effectively identified and classified based on their photoacoustic fingerprint that captures particle shape,composition,molecule properties,and morphology features.This work opens up new avenues to achieve rapid,reliable,and high-throughput particle and cell identification in clinical and industrial applications,offering a valuable tool for understanding complex biological and environmental systems.
基金Australian Research Council(DP220102152,DE220101085,FT200100590)Lee Lucas Chair in Physics+1 种基金Center for NanoScience,Ludwig-Maximilians Universität MünchenAustralian National Fabrication Facility。
文摘Orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the capacity of optical multiplexing systems,leveraging their theoretically unbounded set of orthogonal spatial modes.However,the generation and detection of OAM multiplexing signals are predominantly reliant on bulky optical components within complex optical setups.We introduce a compact solution for OAM information processing using laser-written glass chips,facilitating efficient multiplexing and demultiplexing of multiple OAM information channels.During the multiplexing process,OAM channels are managed via laser-scribed single-mode waveguides within a glass chip,with their modes converted using laser-written holograms on the side wall of the glass chip.The reciprocal process is employed for OAM demultiplexing.Our chips seamlessly interface with commercial optical fibers,ensuring compatibility with existing fiber-optic communication infrastructure.This work not only establishes,to our knowledge,a novel approach for OAM optical multiplexing but also underscores the potential of laser writing technology in advancing photonics and its practical applications in optical communications.
