In the early years of the 20th century,Britain sought to compete with Russia for dominance in East Asia,and set its sights on the strategic location of Tibet.Smallpox virus epidemics have been documented in Tibet sinc...In the early years of the 20th century,Britain sought to compete with Russia for dominance in East Asia,and set its sights on the strategic location of Tibet.Smallpox virus epidemics have been documented in Tibet since the 7th century,and smallpox remained a major public health issue in Tibet until the early 20th century.The British colonizers learned from their experience of passing on biological science and technology in India and carried out a series of medical activities in Tibet,the most influential of which was the smallpox vaccination for the people of Gyantse and other places.This paper examines the history of the fight against smallpox in Tibet from 1900 to 1907,and studies the historical process of British colonial expansion in Tibet,as well as the interaction between the Qing government and the British invaders in medical and healthcare events such as vaccination in Tibet.展开更多
Over the past decade,Stuart Wiggin has published hundreds of vlogs on social media platforms,sharing authentic and objective perspectives on China to foster cultural exchange and deepen global understanding of the cou...Over the past decade,Stuart Wiggin has published hundreds of vlogs on social media platforms,sharing authentic and objective perspectives on China to foster cultural exchange and deepen global understanding of the country.展开更多
Amazing City:A Foreigner’s Personal Experience of Chongqing’s Development Author:James Alexander Paperback,308 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press.
120 years ago,the British army brazenly launched its second war of aggression against Xizang,only 15 years after the first invasion.Why was Britain so eager to launch a second invasion?What were the process and impact...120 years ago,the British army brazenly launched its second war of aggression against Xizang,only 15 years after the first invasion.Why was Britain so eager to launch a second invasion?What were the process and impact?How did the people in Xizang rise up and resist?What lessons can we learn from this historical episode?展开更多
Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of Briti...Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of British and American culture,and its application in high school English reading teaching can help improve students’English proficiency.This paper outlines the problems of high school English teaching,analyzes the role of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,and explores the infiltration methods of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,in order to provide references for teachers.展开更多
世界英语背景下本族语标准不断受到挑战,一线教学面临诸多迷惑。English After RP:Standard British Pronunciation Today(Lindsey 2019)一书指出RP在英国已经死亡,这要求外语教学界回应语音教学中的两个突出问题:应采用何种语音标准来...世界英语背景下本族语标准不断受到挑战,一线教学面临诸多迷惑。English After RP:Standard British Pronunciation Today(Lindsey 2019)一书指出RP在英国已经死亡,这要求外语教学界回应语音教学中的两个突出问题:应采用何种语音标准来教授?该标准对现有课程框架的教学内容及教学重点将产生怎样的影响?中国及世界英语教学理论与实践的研究表明,以传播中国,沟通世界为目的的中国外语教学,应该理性地选择世界范围内认可度最高的规范作为教授标准,并与时俱进,更新教学内容;从评价输出角度来说,应转变教学理念,聚焦信息交流的可理解度,将教学重点转向韵律。师生均需拓宽视野,培养世界胸怀,培养国际交流中对待地域及社会变体的积极的语言态度。展开更多
There is a great discovery that most respondents prefer to use movies to assist their learning of English novels and they are more competent in the course according to a survey. Through watching movies, learners could...There is a great discovery that most respondents prefer to use movies to assist their learning of English novels and they are more competent in the course according to a survey. Through watching movies, learners could better understand and appreciate the basic elements of a novel including plot, character, setting, narrative point of view, theme and style. Thus this approach is recommended to teachers and learners of British and American novels.展开更多
The translatability of humor is gradually accepted and linguistic humor based on specific features in the phonology,morphology or syntax of particular languages is considered to be the most difficult to translate. Thi...The translatability of humor is gradually accepted and linguistic humor based on specific features in the phonology,morphology or syntax of particular languages is considered to be the most difficult to translate. This paper is to study the linguistic humor translation of British sitcoms in the light of Skopos theory and explore practical ways of E-C translation of linguistic humor.展开更多
The present paper concerns itself with a general review and analysis of British mass Media.The first part starts with an introduc tion to the history and development of British mass media.The second part will focus on...The present paper concerns itself with a general review and analysis of British mass Media.The first part starts with an introduc tion to the history and development of British mass media.The second part will focus on the analysis of the two major branches in the realm of British Mass media-the Broadcast Media and the Print Media.Thirdly,the British media's coverage of Beijing Olympics is pre sented to have a better knowledge of the well accepted classification of UK mass media,especially newspapers and television as well as its in fluence.展开更多
In Youth volume,Conrad shows his growing criticism of British colonialism.But because of his special favor to Britain,his disaffection with British colonialism is implicit,which is presented by a western voice in Yout...In Youth volume,Conrad shows his growing criticism of British colonialism.But because of his special favor to Britain,his disaffection with British colonialism is implicit,which is presented by a western voice in Youth,Kurtz’s non-pure British heritage in Heart of Darkness,and Whalley’s pure English seaman in The End of the Tether.展开更多
The British Micropalaeontological Society(BMS)has brought out a Special Publication Ostracods in British Stratigraphy,edited by J.E.Whittaker and M.B.Hart and published by the Geological Society of London.In 1978,it p...The British Micropalaeontological Society(BMS)has brought out a Special Publication Ostracods in British Stratigraphy,edited by J.E.Whittaker and M.B.Hart and published by the Geological Society of London.In 1978,it published A Stratigraphic Index of British Ostracoda(edited by Raymond Bate and Eric Robinson)as a collective effort by members of the BMS ostracod group.展开更多
This paper attempts to do study on the comparison of differences between Chinese and western cultures by taking the Chinese and British clothing as an example. This comparison is made form two aspects about clothing c...This paper attempts to do study on the comparison of differences between Chinese and western cultures by taking the Chinese and British clothing as an example. This comparison is made form two aspects about clothing culture. One is the separate characteristics of the Chinese and British clothing. The other is the common features of the Chinese and British clothing.The paper aims at making the Chinese confidently promote the clothing culture of China to make efforts to realize the great rejuvenation of China and enrich the culture of all mankind.展开更多
The growth of American English (AE) was based on British English (BE), as we know, when we speak of their differences, however, they are not easily accepted, although they indeed exist. Here, I will illustrate this po...The growth of American English (AE) was based on British English (BE), as we know, when we speak of their differences, however, they are not easily accepted, although they indeed exist. Here, I will illustrate this point from three questions. First, how American English growed? Second, how British and American English came to be different;? Third, where the grammatical differences lie?展开更多
The cytology of 130 indeterminate nodules （Thy 3） was retrospectively reviewed according to the British Thyroid Association 2014 classification. Nodules were divided into Thy 3a （atypical features） and Thy 3f （fo...The cytology of 130 indeterminate nodules （Thy 3） was retrospectively reviewed according to the British Thyroid Association 2014 classification. Nodules were divided into Thy 3a （atypical features） and Thy 3f （follicular lesion） categories. Histology was available as a reference for 97 nodules. Pre-surgical evaluations comprised biochemical tests, color-Doppler ultrasonogrephy （US）, semi-quantitative elastography-US （USE）, contrast-enhanced US （CEUS）, and mutation analysis from cytological slides. Thyroid malignancy was the final diagnosis for 19% of surgically- treated nodules. No statistically significant difference in the risk of malignancy was found between Thy 3a （26%） and Thy 3f （14%） nodules. Histology of the Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules showed a higher incidence of Hurtle cell adenomas in Thy 3f （29%） than in Thy 3a （3%） nodules （P=0.01）. The only pre-surgical difference concerned the BRAF V600E mutation, which was positive in some Thy 3a but not in any Thy 3f nodules （P=0.04）. Receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） analysis was used to obtain cut-off values from US （score）, USE （ELX 2/1 strain index）, and CEUS （time-to- peak index and peak index） data. The cut-off values were similar for Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules. Data showed that malignancy can be suspected if the US score is 〉2, ELX 1/2 strain index 〉1, time-to-peakindex 〉1, and peak index 〈1. In a sub-group of 24 revised nodules （12 Thy 3a and 12 Thy 3f） with histology as a reference, the diagnostic power of cumulative pre-surgical analysis by means of US, USE, and CEUS showed high positive and negative predictive values （83% and 100%, respectively） for the presence of malignancy in Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules. In conclusion, in our series of revised Thy 3 nodules, malignancy was low and displayed no significant differences between Thy 3a and Thy 3f categories. The use of cut-offs based on histology as a reference could reduce surgery. Our data support the conviction that, in mutation-negative Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules, observation should be the first choice when not all instrumental results are suspect.展开更多
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a well-known but uncommon chronic liver disease that is presumed to be of autoimmune etiology. Recently, investigations in British Columbia (BC), a province of Canada situated along ...Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a well-known but uncommon chronic liver disease that is presumed to be of autoimmune etiology. Recently, investigations in British Columbia (BC), a province of Canada situated along the Pacific North-West of North America, have suggested that PBC is not a rare disease amongst BC's Aboriginal (i.e. First Nations) communities. Geographically, BC is adjacent to South East Alaska, an American state that has also reported an increased prevalence of PBC amongst its Aboriginal communities. In this article, the medical evidence supporting a hypothesis of increased risk of PBC amongst BC's First Nations communities is reviewed. Evidence suggesting that autoimmune hepatitis is also more likely amongst BC's First Nations communities is also presented.展开更多
Under the New Curriculum Reform, the English teaching materials have changed, there are several units involved in British and American drama, British and American poetry in junior school. From these teaching materials...Under the New Curriculum Reform, the English teaching materials have changed, there are several units involved in British and American drama, British and American poetry in junior school. From these teaching materials, we can see that New Curriculum Standards require students to understand the British and American literature in the process of English learning. To meet the needs of New Curriculum Reform, the introduction of literature become a necessity in English language teaching. This paper systematically analyzes the necessity and meaning of literature infiltration in English teaching. It aims to explore how to permeate literature knowledge in English class.展开更多
This article makes a comparison between American English and British En glish in the use of words from two aspects. The purpose is to point out some differences between them in colloquial English,and make the language...This article makes a comparison between American English and British En glish in the use of words from two aspects. The purpose is to point out some differences between them in colloquial English,and make the language learners practice the language better.展开更多
This paper starts from the important component of a language,namely vocabulary,in which differences between AE and BE are comprehensively observed and analyzed.In this paper,comparisons are made to explore the charact...This paper starts from the important component of a language,namely vocabulary,in which differences between AE and BE are comprehensively observed and analyzed.In this paper,comparisons are made to explore the characteristics of the two varieties of English respectively rather than to judge which is superior to the other.This will help us to obtain a better understanding of the English language,to facilitate the expression of it,to improve the capacity of using it,and to enrich the knowledge about it.展开更多
Source-rock characteristics of Lower Triassic Montney Formation presented in this study shows the total organic carbon (TOC) richness, thermal maturity, hydrocarbon generation, geographical distribution of TOC and the...Source-rock characteristics of Lower Triassic Montney Formation presented in this study shows the total organic carbon (TOC) richness, thermal maturity, hydrocarbon generation, geographical distribution of TOC and thermal maturity (Tmax) in Fort St. John study area (T86N, R23W and T74N, R13W) and its environs in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). TOC richness in Montney Formation within the study area is grouped into three categories: low TOC ( 3.5 wt%), and high TOC (>3.5 wt% %). Thermal maturity of the Montney Formation source-rock indicates that >90% of the analyzed samples are thermally mature, and mainly within gas generating window (wet gas, condensate gas, and dry gas), and comprises mixed Type II/III (oil/gas prone kerogen), and Type IV kerogen (gas prone). Analyses of Rock-Eval parameters (TOC, S2, Tmax, HI, OI and PI) obtained from 81 samples in 11 wells that penetrated the Montney Formation in the subsurface of northeastern British Columbia were used to map source rock quality across the study area. Based on total organic carbon (TOC) content mapping, geographical distribution of thermal maturity (Tmax) data mapping, including evaluation and interpretation of Rock-Eval parameters in the study area, the Montney Formation kerogen is indicative of a pervasively matured petroleum system in the study area.展开更多
文摘In the early years of the 20th century,Britain sought to compete with Russia for dominance in East Asia,and set its sights on the strategic location of Tibet.Smallpox virus epidemics have been documented in Tibet since the 7th century,and smallpox remained a major public health issue in Tibet until the early 20th century.The British colonizers learned from their experience of passing on biological science and technology in India and carried out a series of medical activities in Tibet,the most influential of which was the smallpox vaccination for the people of Gyantse and other places.This paper examines the history of the fight against smallpox in Tibet from 1900 to 1907,and studies the historical process of British colonial expansion in Tibet,as well as the interaction between the Qing government and the British invaders in medical and healthcare events such as vaccination in Tibet.
文摘Over the past decade,Stuart Wiggin has published hundreds of vlogs on social media platforms,sharing authentic and objective perspectives on China to foster cultural exchange and deepen global understanding of the country.
文摘Amazing City:A Foreigner’s Personal Experience of Chongqing’s Development Author:James Alexander Paperback,308 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press.
文摘120 years ago,the British army brazenly launched its second war of aggression against Xizang,only 15 years after the first invasion.Why was Britain so eager to launch a second invasion?What were the process and impact?How did the people in Xizang rise up and resist?What lessons can we learn from this historical episode?
文摘Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of British and American culture,and its application in high school English reading teaching can help improve students’English proficiency.This paper outlines the problems of high school English teaching,analyzes the role of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,and explores the infiltration methods of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,in order to provide references for teachers.
文摘世界英语背景下本族语标准不断受到挑战,一线教学面临诸多迷惑。English After RP:Standard British Pronunciation Today(Lindsey 2019)一书指出RP在英国已经死亡,这要求外语教学界回应语音教学中的两个突出问题:应采用何种语音标准来教授?该标准对现有课程框架的教学内容及教学重点将产生怎样的影响?中国及世界英语教学理论与实践的研究表明,以传播中国,沟通世界为目的的中国外语教学,应该理性地选择世界范围内认可度最高的规范作为教授标准,并与时俱进,更新教学内容;从评价输出角度来说,应转变教学理念,聚焦信息交流的可理解度,将教学重点转向韵律。师生均需拓宽视野,培养世界胸怀,培养国际交流中对待地域及社会变体的积极的语言态度。
文摘There is a great discovery that most respondents prefer to use movies to assist their learning of English novels and they are more competent in the course according to a survey. Through watching movies, learners could better understand and appreciate the basic elements of a novel including plot, character, setting, narrative point of view, theme and style. Thus this approach is recommended to teachers and learners of British and American novels.
文摘The translatability of humor is gradually accepted and linguistic humor based on specific features in the phonology,morphology or syntax of particular languages is considered to be the most difficult to translate. This paper is to study the linguistic humor translation of British sitcoms in the light of Skopos theory and explore practical ways of E-C translation of linguistic humor.
文摘The present paper concerns itself with a general review and analysis of British mass Media.The first part starts with an introduc tion to the history and development of British mass media.The second part will focus on the analysis of the two major branches in the realm of British Mass media-the Broadcast Media and the Print Media.Thirdly,the British media's coverage of Beijing Olympics is pre sented to have a better knowledge of the well accepted classification of UK mass media,especially newspapers and television as well as its in fluence.
文摘In Youth volume,Conrad shows his growing criticism of British colonialism.But because of his special favor to Britain,his disaffection with British colonialism is implicit,which is presented by a western voice in Youth,Kurtz’s non-pure British heritage in Heart of Darkness,and Whalley’s pure English seaman in The End of the Tether.
文摘The British Micropalaeontological Society(BMS)has brought out a Special Publication Ostracods in British Stratigraphy,edited by J.E.Whittaker and M.B.Hart and published by the Geological Society of London.In 1978,it published A Stratigraphic Index of British Ostracoda(edited by Raymond Bate and Eric Robinson)as a collective effort by members of the BMS ostracod group.
文摘This paper attempts to do study on the comparison of differences between Chinese and western cultures by taking the Chinese and British clothing as an example. This comparison is made form two aspects about clothing culture. One is the separate characteristics of the Chinese and British clothing. The other is the common features of the Chinese and British clothing.The paper aims at making the Chinese confidently promote the clothing culture of China to make efforts to realize the great rejuvenation of China and enrich the culture of all mankind.
文摘The growth of American English (AE) was based on British English (BE), as we know, when we speak of their differences, however, they are not easily accepted, although they indeed exist. Here, I will illustrate this point from three questions. First, how American English growed? Second, how British and American English came to be different;? Third, where the grammatical differences lie?
文摘The cytology of 130 indeterminate nodules （Thy 3） was retrospectively reviewed according to the British Thyroid Association 2014 classification. Nodules were divided into Thy 3a （atypical features） and Thy 3f （follicular lesion） categories. Histology was available as a reference for 97 nodules. Pre-surgical evaluations comprised biochemical tests, color-Doppler ultrasonogrephy （US）, semi-quantitative elastography-US （USE）, contrast-enhanced US （CEUS）, and mutation analysis from cytological slides. Thyroid malignancy was the final diagnosis for 19% of surgically- treated nodules. No statistically significant difference in the risk of malignancy was found between Thy 3a （26%） and Thy 3f （14%） nodules. Histology of the Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules showed a higher incidence of Hurtle cell adenomas in Thy 3f （29%） than in Thy 3a （3%） nodules （P=0.01）. The only pre-surgical difference concerned the BRAF V600E mutation, which was positive in some Thy 3a but not in any Thy 3f nodules （P=0.04）. Receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） analysis was used to obtain cut-off values from US （score）, USE （ELX 2/1 strain index）, and CEUS （time-to- peak index and peak index） data. The cut-off values were similar for Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules. Data showed that malignancy can be suspected if the US score is 〉2, ELX 1/2 strain index 〉1, time-to-peakindex 〉1, and peak index 〈1. In a sub-group of 24 revised nodules （12 Thy 3a and 12 Thy 3f） with histology as a reference, the diagnostic power of cumulative pre-surgical analysis by means of US, USE, and CEUS showed high positive and negative predictive values （83% and 100%, respectively） for the presence of malignancy in Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules. In conclusion, in our series of revised Thy 3 nodules, malignancy was low and displayed no significant differences between Thy 3a and Thy 3f categories. The use of cut-offs based on histology as a reference could reduce surgery. Our data support the conviction that, in mutation-negative Thy 3a and Thy 3f nodules, observation should be the first choice when not all instrumental results are suspect.
文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a well-known but uncommon chronic liver disease that is presumed to be of autoimmune etiology. Recently, investigations in British Columbia (BC), a province of Canada situated along the Pacific North-West of North America, have suggested that PBC is not a rare disease amongst BC's Aboriginal (i.e. First Nations) communities. Geographically, BC is adjacent to South East Alaska, an American state that has also reported an increased prevalence of PBC amongst its Aboriginal communities. In this article, the medical evidence supporting a hypothesis of increased risk of PBC amongst BC's First Nations communities is reviewed. Evidence suggesting that autoimmune hepatitis is also more likely amongst BC's First Nations communities is also presented.
文摘Under the New Curriculum Reform, the English teaching materials have changed, there are several units involved in British and American drama, British and American poetry in junior school. From these teaching materials, we can see that New Curriculum Standards require students to understand the British and American literature in the process of English learning. To meet the needs of New Curriculum Reform, the introduction of literature become a necessity in English language teaching. This paper systematically analyzes the necessity and meaning of literature infiltration in English teaching. It aims to explore how to permeate literature knowledge in English class.
文摘This article makes a comparison between American English and British En glish in the use of words from two aspects. The purpose is to point out some differences between them in colloquial English,and make the language learners practice the language better.
文摘This paper starts from the important component of a language,namely vocabulary,in which differences between AE and BE are comprehensively observed and analyzed.In this paper,comparisons are made to explore the characteristics of the two varieties of English respectively rather than to judge which is superior to the other.This will help us to obtain a better understanding of the English language,to facilitate the expression of it,to improve the capacity of using it,and to enrich the knowledge about it.
文摘Source-rock characteristics of Lower Triassic Montney Formation presented in this study shows the total organic carbon (TOC) richness, thermal maturity, hydrocarbon generation, geographical distribution of TOC and thermal maturity (Tmax) in Fort St. John study area (T86N, R23W and T74N, R13W) and its environs in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). TOC richness in Montney Formation within the study area is grouped into three categories: low TOC ( 3.5 wt%), and high TOC (>3.5 wt% %). Thermal maturity of the Montney Formation source-rock indicates that >90% of the analyzed samples are thermally mature, and mainly within gas generating window (wet gas, condensate gas, and dry gas), and comprises mixed Type II/III (oil/gas prone kerogen), and Type IV kerogen (gas prone). Analyses of Rock-Eval parameters (TOC, S2, Tmax, HI, OI and PI) obtained from 81 samples in 11 wells that penetrated the Montney Formation in the subsurface of northeastern British Columbia were used to map source rock quality across the study area. Based on total organic carbon (TOC) content mapping, geographical distribution of thermal maturity (Tmax) data mapping, including evaluation and interpretation of Rock-Eval parameters in the study area, the Montney Formation kerogen is indicative of a pervasively matured petroleum system in the study area.
