The hurdle technology for food preservation effectively addresses the limitations of individual antimicrobial technologies by integrating their strengths.It can not only prolong the storage time of food but also maint...The hurdle technology for food preservation effectively addresses the limitations of individual antimicrobial technologies by integrating their strengths.It can not only prolong the storage time of food but also maintains its high quality.In this study,three antimicrobial and bactericidal technologies,namely soluble gas stabilization(SGS),modified atmosphere packaging(MAP),and cold plasma(CP),were applied to chilled chicken breasts.The packaging,total viable count(TVC),and physicochemical properties of chilled chicken breasts after treatments and storage at 4℃were monitored.The microbial diversity at the initial and end points of the storage time of each group was also analyzed.The results indicated that a 3−5 h SGS treatment can effectively increase the proportion of carbon dioxide in the MAP during the storage process of chilled chicken breasts,thereby alleviating the packaging collapse problem.Simultaneously,the effect of SGS,MAP,and CP combinational treatments significantly extended the storage time of chilled chicken breasts while maintaining the physicochemical qualities of samples.Compared to the control group,the TVC of chicken breast treated with SGS,MAP,and CP treatments decreased by 0.58(lg(CFU/g))at 0 day.The shelf life was extended by 5 days.After 8 days,the total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)was 26.67 vs.19.50 mg/100 g,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)was 0.99 vs.0.72 mg MDA/kg,and TVC was 8.22 vs.6.52(lg(CFU/g)).High-throughput sequencing results showed that SGS and MAP treatments significantly reduce the proportion of Pseudomonas and Psychrobacter,which are sensitive to carbon dioxide,in the total bacterial genera.This study underscores the potential of integrating multiple antimicrobial technologies for effective food preservation.展开更多
Patients with dense breasts on mammography have a higher risk of developing breast cancer and missing a tumor mass than those with non-dense breasts. Whether examinees who have dense breasts should be notified is curr...Patients with dense breasts on mammography have a higher risk of developing breast cancer and missing a tumor mass than those with non-dense breasts. Whether examinees who have dense breasts should be notified is currently under consideration in Japan;however, there is concern about the low level of understanding regarding dense breasts. A questionnaire survey on the degree of comprehension regarding dense breasts was conducted among 409 general women of >20 years of age in Hachinohe city in October 2017 and 2018. The results showed that the degree of comprehension was extremely low, as only 35 people (8.5%) responded with, “I know the meaning”;however, 32 of them (91.5%) stated that they would like to be notified in they had dense breasts. In addition, the degree of comprehension regarding dense breasts was significantly greater among those who had a breast cancer screening history (OR = 6.4;95% CI = 2.0 - 19.8;P = 0.001) and a self-examination history than among those with no such history (OR = 2.5;95% CI = 1.1 - 5.8;P = 0.03). However, the degree of comprehension did not differ between participants of years of age or between participants with and without a breast cancer sufferer among their close blood relatives. The present findings to reflect a low understanding of dense breasts on mammography screening and suggest that the degree of comprehension is influenced by the presence or absence of a consultation history and a self-examination history.展开更多
Cultural schema theory proposes that when we interact with members of the same culture in certain situations, or talk about certain information with them many times, cultural schemas are created and stored in our brai...Cultural schema theory proposes that when we interact with members of the same culture in certain situations, or talk about certain information with them many times, cultural schemas are created and stored in our brain, which can promote coherence between the original and target language text, thus solving the cultural default caused by the cultural differences. It is vital to make cultural compensation to different cultural schemas and to coordinate the cultural contradiction. This thesis focuses on the translation methods and strategies in Big Breasts and Wide Hips from the perspective of the cultural schema theory, which exemplifies how cultural default and compensation functions in this novel.展开更多
Literary translation has become the most significant pathway for Chinese literature to enter the world literature scene and compete for international recognitions. In order to present a exhaustive analysis and explora...Literary translation has become the most significant pathway for Chinese literature to enter the world literature scene and compete for international recognitions. In order to present a exhaustive analysis and exploration of the strategies of culture translation, it selects one of Mo Yan's classic work Big Breasts and Wide Hips and its English version translated by American scholar Goldblatt as the case study. It will mainly discuss about the cultural transmission through literary translation and the cultivation of talented translators in order to expand Chinese culture's international influence through improving literary translation.展开更多
AIM: To achieve symmetric boundaries for left and right breasts boundaries in thermal images by registration. METHODS: The proposed method for registration consists of two steps. In the first step, shape context, an a...AIM: To achieve symmetric boundaries for left and right breasts boundaries in thermal images by registration. METHODS: The proposed method for registration consists of two steps. In the first step, shape context, an approach as presented by Belongie and Malik was applied for registration of two breast boundaries. The shape context is an approach to measure shape similarity. Two sets of finite sample points from shape contours of two breasts are then presented. Consequently, the correspondences between the two shapes are found. By finding correspondences, the sample point which has the most similar shape context is obtained. RESULTS: In this study, a line up transformation which maps one shape onto the other has been estimated in order to complete shape. The used of a thin plate spline permitted good estimation of a plane transformation which has capability to map unselective points from one shape onto the other. The obtained aligningtransformation of boundaries points has been applied successfully to map the two breasts interior points. Some of advantages for using shape context method in this work are as follows:(1) no special land marks or key points are needed;(2) it is tolerant to all common shape deformation; and(3) although it is uncomplicated and straightforward to use, it gives remarkably powerful descriptor for point sets significantly upgrading point set registration. Results are very promising. The proposed algorithm was implemented for 32 cases. Boundary registration is done perfectly for 28 cases.CONCLUSION: We used shape contexts method that is simple and easy to implement to achieve symmetric boundaries for left and right breasts boundaries in thermal images.展开更多
Introduction: Breast hypertrophy (excessive enlargement of breast), a condition though rare, is well pronounced in some females. Surgery either by reduction mammaplasty or sub-cutaneous mastectomy is often employed in...Introduction: Breast hypertrophy (excessive enlargement of breast), a condition though rare, is well pronounced in some females. Surgery either by reduction mammaplasty or sub-cutaneous mastectomy is often employed in treatment of this condition. Aim: This study seeks to find out the long term level of satisfaction of the surgery on these persons after about 10 - 12 years after treatment. Materials and Methods: From January 1994 to December 2000, the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) carried out surgeries on 43 females who presented with several degrees of breast hypertrophy. Patients were asked to answer questionnaires on their condition pre-operatively and post-operatively during the long term review process. Results: Thirty-four (79.1%) patients out of the 43 were available for the review with the patients stating there was much (100%) improvement in terms of the pain they felt in the neck, upper and lower back regions. There was no re-occurrence of the condition in any of the patients;29 (85.3%) stated they were satisfied and that their new breast size(s) was/were excellent for them. Conclusion: The pre-operative complications experienced by these patients were resolved hence this surgical procedure was good and the quality of life of these persons had been improved.展开更多
Although a great many qualitative descriptions of the experience of having breast cancer exist, they overwhelmingly represent experiences of women in Western cultures and are based on assumptions that stem from Wester...Although a great many qualitative descriptions of the experience of having breast cancer exist, they overwhelmingly represent experiences of women in Western cultures and are based on assumptions that stem from Western individualism. This study explores and describes cultural models shared by a group of non-Western women, South Koreans, in reference to female breasts and breast cancer. The hermeneutic phenomenology-grounded qualitative study was conducted with 40 Korean women, between 23 and 81 years of age, half of whom were breast cancer survivors. The analysis elicited two cultural models, both characterized in terms of physical relationships to others (as opposed to the woman’s individual or independent view of her body): a breast-feeding mother to a child and an attractive wife to a husband. Female breasts are interpreted as a medium that connects women to roles as mothers and wives. Breast cancer can lead women to detach from their previous relational and role-oriented identities. Cultural traditions, cultural concepts, and culture-related health beliefs in Korea are interwoven deeply in the women’s stories about breasts, as a gendered organ, and its disease. The findings suggest that understanding indigenous cultural models should precede any supportive breast cancer care for women from non-Western cultural backgrounds.展开更多
Objective:We propose a solution that is backed by cloud computing,combines a series of AI neural networks of computer vision;is capable of detecting,highlighting,and locating breast lesions from a live ultrasound vide...Objective:We propose a solution that is backed by cloud computing,combines a series of AI neural networks of computer vision;is capable of detecting,highlighting,and locating breast lesions from a live ultrasound video feed,provides BI-RADS categorizations;and has reliable sensitivity and specificity.Multiple deep-learning models were trained on more than 300,000 breast ultrasound images to achieve object detection and regions of interest classification.The main objective of this study was to determine whether the performance of our Al-powered solution was comparable to that of ultrasound radiologists.Methods:The noninferiority evaluation was conducted by comparing the examination results of the same screening women between our AI-powered solution and ultrasound radiologists with over 10 years of experience.The study lasted for one and a half years and was carried out in the Duanzhou District Women and Children's Hospital,Zhaoqing,China.1,133 females between 20 and 70 years old were selected through convenience sampling.Results:The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were 93.03%,94.90%,90.71%,92.68%,and 93.48%,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)for all positives was 0.91569 and the AUC for all negatives was 0.90461.The comparison indicated that the overall performance of the AI system was comparable to that of ultrasound radiologists.Conclusion:This innovative AI-powered ultrasound solution is cost-effective and user-friendly,and could be applied to massive breast cancer screening.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probi...BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.展开更多
The integration of machine learning(ML)technology with Internet of Things(IoT)systems produces essential changes in healthcare operations.Healthcare personnel can track patients around the clock thanks to healthcare I...The integration of machine learning(ML)technology with Internet of Things(IoT)systems produces essential changes in healthcare operations.Healthcare personnel can track patients around the clock thanks to healthcare IoT(H-IoT)technology,which also provides proactive statistical findings and precise medical diagnoses that enhance healthcare performance.This study examines how ML might support IoT-based health care systems,namely in the areas of prognostic systems,disease detection,patient tracking,and healthcare operations control.The study looks at the benefits and drawbacks of several machine learning techniques for H-IoT applications.It also examines the fundamental problems,such as data security and cyberthreats,as well as the high processing demands that these systems face.Alongside this,the essay discusses the advantages of all the technologies,including machine learning,deep learning,and the Internet of Things,as well as the significant difficulties and problems that arise when integrating the technology into healthcare forecasts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide,with approximately 2.3 million new cases diagnosed annually.Breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs)play pivotal roles in tumor initi...BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide,with approximately 2.3 million new cases diagnosed annually.Breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs)play pivotal roles in tumor initiation,progression,metastasis,therapeutic resistance,and disease recurrence.Cancer stem cells possess selfrenewal capacity,multipotent differentiation potential,and enhanced tumorigenic activity,but their molecular characteristics and regulatory mechanisms require further investigation.AIM To comprehensively characterize the molecular features of BCSCs through multiomics approaches,construct a prognostic prediction model based on stem cellrelated genes,reveal cell-cell communication networks within the tumor microenvironment,and provide theoretical foundation for personalized treatment strategies.METHODS Flow cytometry was employed to detect the expression of BCSC surface markers(CD34,CD45,CD29,CD90,CD105).Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was utilized to screen key prognostic genes and construct a risk scoring model.Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics were applied to analyze tumor heterogeneity and spatial gene expression patterns.Cell-cell communication network analysis was conducted to reveal interactions between stem cells and the microenvironment.RESULTS Flow cytometric analysis revealed the highest expression of CD105(96.30%),followed by CD90(68.43%)and CD34(62.64%),while CD29 showed lower expression(7.16%)and CD45 exhibited the lowest expression(1.19%).Transcriptomic analysis identified 3837 significantly differentially expressed genes(1478 upregulated and 2359 downregulated).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis selected 10 key prognostic genes,and the constructed risk scoring model effectively distinguished between high-risk and low-risk patient groups(P<0.001).Single-cell analysis revealed tumor cellular heterogeneity,and spatial transcriptomics demonstrated distinct spatial expression gradients of stem cell-related genes.MED18 gene showed significantly higher expression in malignant tissues(P<0.001)and occupied a central position in cell-cell communication networks,exhibiting significant correlations with tumor cells,macrophages,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells.CONCLUSION This study comprehensively characterized the molecular features of BCSCs through multi-omics approaches,identified reliable surface markers and key regulatory genes,and constructed a prognostic prediction model with clinical application value.展开更多
BACKGROUNDCancer stem cells(CSCs)drive recurrence and therapeutic resistance in triplenegativebreast cancer(TNBC),a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype.Intratumoralhypoxia,a common feature of solid tumors,promotes...BACKGROUNDCancer stem cells(CSCs)drive recurrence and therapeutic resistance in triplenegativebreast cancer(TNBC),a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype.Intratumoralhypoxia,a common feature of solid tumors,promotes CSCs enrichment,yet the mechanisms sustaining CSCs stemness remain poorly understood.Hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species can oxidatively activate ataxia telangiectasiamutated(ATM)kinase(oxidized ATM,p-ATM)independently of DNA breaks.AIMTo investigate the role of hypoxia-induced oxidized ATM in sustaining TNBCCSCstemness through c-Myc-mediated regulation of one-carbon metabolism.METHODSHs578T and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells were cultured under normoxia or hypoxia.CSC stemness was assessed by mammosphere assays and flow cytometry.ATMactivity was assessed by pharmacological inhibition(Ku60019)and short hairpinRNA knockdown.c-Myc binding to serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2(SHMT2)and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2(MTHFD2)promoters was analyzedby dual-luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation.NADPH/NADP+ratios were quantified,and metabolic reprogramming was profiledby liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics.RESULTSHypoxia significantly increased mammosphere formation in both Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 cells,as reflected byhigher numbers of mammospheres(Hs578T:214±18;MDA-MB-231:198±16;both P<0.01)and larger meandiameters(P<0.01).Hypoxia also elevated CD44+/CD24-cell proportions and stemness gene expression(P<0.01).Oxidized ATM was activated under hypoxia withoutγH2AX induction,confirming DNA damage independence.ATM inhibition reduced mammosphere growth and suppressed c-Myc,SHMT2,and MTHFD2.Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed direct c-Myc binding to SHMT2 and MTHFD2promoters,while mutation of the binding sites abolished promoter activity.NADPH/NADP+ratios were significantlyelevated under hypoxia but reduced following ATM inhibition(P<0.05).Metabolomics revealed enrichmentof serine/glycine one-carbon pathways.CONCLUSIONHypoxia-induced oxidized ATM maintains TNBC-CSC stemness by promoting c-Myc-dependent upregulation ofMTHFD2 and SHMT2,linking hypoxia,redox signaling,and one-carbon metabolism.These findings suggest apotential therapeutic axis that could be exploited for TNBC treatment.展开更多
大千世界,无奇不有！捷克的选民现在遇到一个难题,基督教民主党在竞选中慷赠免费的喝酒账单,而共产党则让半裸美女在散发竞选印刷品,各施绝招！文章则写得更妙:...forcing people to decide between a free shot and a freepeek！其中...大千世界,无奇不有！捷克的选民现在遇到一个难题,基督教民主党在竞选中慷赠免费的喝酒账单,而共产党则让半裸美女在散发竞选印刷品,各施绝招！文章则写得更妙:...forcing people to decide between a free shot and a freepeek！其中的两个free就值得玩味。文章第二段出现了free shots,这个shots可不能胡乱猜译！《美国传统词典》对shot一词有释:shot:a drink,especially a jigger ofliquor(一杯,尤指一杯酒);an amount to be paid,as for drinks(喝酒的账单),据此,我们可以把free shots译成“免费喝酒的账单”。另外,请勿忘记咀嚼本文的标题！Booze者,酒也;Breasts,美女也。如此搭配,构成了头韵(alliteration)。展开更多
Aim: To assess volume management in patients presenting with breast asymmetry and ptosis. Methods: Retrospectively collected data was analysed. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A included patients who ha...Aim: To assess volume management in patients presenting with breast asymmetry and ptosis. Methods: Retrospectively collected data was analysed. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A included patients who had volumetric difference alone and had different size implants alone. Group B included patients who had volumetric difference with breast ptosis requiring mastopexy with different size implants. Group C included patients who presented with breast asymmetry with ptosis and had same size implants on both sides with different volume breast reduction. Results: Subgroup A1 included 145 patients who had larger implants placed on right side. Subgroup A2 included 95 patients who had larger implants on the left side. Subgroup B1 included 7 patients who had larger implants on the right. Subgroup B2 included 13 patients who had larger implant on the left side. Subgroup C1 included 7 patients who had larger reduction on right side. Subgroup C2 included 11 patients who had larger reduction on left. Conclusion: When different volume implants are used, the vast majority of the patients do not require a volume difference of more than 60 mL. When the breast is larger on the right then larger mean volumes are used on left side to offset the larger right breast.展开更多
Aim: Many classifications have been described in the literature for ptotic breasts, focusing on the nipple areola complex position compared to the inframammary fold. These use centimeters and lateral views to illustra...Aim: Many classifications have been described in the literature for ptotic breasts, focusing on the nipple areola complex position compared to the inframammary fold. These use centimeters and lateral views to illustrate their various grades in a manner always insufficient to propose a clear treatment plan aimed at achieving natural results. We discuss a new dynamic approach to breast ptosis with a complete treatment algorithm. Methods: Patients were examined in a standing position first with hands down then with hands up. We observed the elevation of the inter-nipple line called the 'BK-line' and its relationship to a sternal benchmark that we call the 'BK-Point'. The 'hands-up test' was positive when the line crossed the landmark. The algorithm defines the indication according to this clinical examination and to the patient's wishes. An angle between the nipple, the 'BK-point' and the body meridian (called the 'BK angle') was appreciated before and after surgery. This angle should become 90° or more after ptosis treatment. Results: Three hundred patients were treated for ptotic breasts, including breast reductions, from January 2010 to September 2017. The definitions of 'normal' non-ptotic and ptotic breast and the 'ideal' breast were reconsidered. The surgical indications were adjusted to the clinical situation and to the patient's wishes, refining the final version of the algorithm. Conclusion: This new classification is easy, reproducible and efficient. We propose an appropriate algorithm to treat every situation that takes care to consider patient's wishes and expectations.展开更多
Explantation following aesthetic mammoplasty without implant replacement is quite uncommon and often leaves the patient worse off than prior to mammoplasty.A case is presented here in which patient’s own tissue was u...Explantation following aesthetic mammoplasty without implant replacement is quite uncommon and often leaves the patient worse off than prior to mammoplasty.A case is presented here in which patient’s own tissue was used as an inferior dermoglandular flap for autologous breast remodeling.Inferior dermal flap has been described for breast reconstruction and simultaneous augmentation mammoplasty with mastopexy for prosthesis cover in the lower pole of the breast,but its use following explantation without implant replacement has not been described for breast remodeling and volume conservation.展开更多
Aim:Autoinflation of the breast following mammoplasty using breast implants can be divided into early and late.Early autoinflation of the breast is commonly due to haematoma.Late autoinflation of the breast is an unco...Aim:Autoinflation of the breast following mammoplasty using breast implants can be divided into early and late.Early autoinflation of the breast is commonly due to haematoma.Late autoinflation of the breast is an uncommon complication and its true incidence is not known due to the paucity of its reporting.Methods:A retrospective review was performed of the available charts for 2,772 consecutive bilateral primary,secondary augmentation mammoplasties and mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasties by the author between April 1999 and February 2015.Each breast was taken as a single unit for a total of 5,544 breasts.Results:There were 2,334 patients in primary augmentation mammoplasty,258 in secondary augmentation mammoplasty and 180 in simultaneous mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasty.There were three autoinflation of breasts due to late seromas identified in the series.All patients presented at least six months following augmentation mammoplasty and all had textured implants place in muscle splitting submuscular pocket.There was no late seroma noted in secondary augmentation mammoplasty or simultaneous mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasty.All patients were treated conservatively without a recurrence.Conclusion:Late autoinflation of the breast due to seroma is an uncommon clinical complication and can be treated conservatively in the first instance.展开更多
Objectives:To explore the efficacy and safety of virtual reality(VR)in relieving negative emotions in patients with breast cancer with different personalities.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted.Betwee...Objectives:To explore the efficacy and safety of virtual reality(VR)in relieving negative emotions in patients with breast cancer with different personalities.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted.Between April 2023 and October 2023,we enrolled patients with breast cancer treated in the Department of Breast Cancer and Oncology at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangdong Province.The patients were randomly divided into an intervention group(n=118)and a control group(n=119)using block randomization.The intervention group received the VR intervention 3-5 times over 5±2 weeks using natural landscapes with music or relaxation guidance,and the duration of each VR intervention was 15±3 min.The control group received routine nursing care,including disease education and psychological counseling.Patients were assessed using the Type D Scale,Positive and Negative Affect Scale,and Distress Thermometer,and adverse events during the intervention were recorded.Results:Overall,85 patients completed the study(44 in the intervention group and 41 in the control group).Patients with Type D personalities showed more negative emotions[25.0(21.5,27.5)vs.19.0(16.0,24.0),P=0.001]and distressed attitudes[4.0(2.0,5.0)vs.3.0(1.0,4.0),P=0.020]with fewer positive emotions(27.2±5.6 vs.31.0±5.9,P=0.014)than those with non-Type D personalities.Total population analysis revealed no significant differences between the groups.However,in the subgroup analysis,patients with Type D personalities in the intervention group showed greater relief from negative emotions than those in the control group[median difference,-5.0(-9.0,-2.5)vs.-2.0(-4.0,2.0),P=0.046].No significant differences were found between groups of patients with non-Type D personality traits.The proportion of adverse events was not significantly different between groups(P=0.110).Conclusions:Breast cancer patients with Type D personalities suffer more severe negative emotions and distress,and more attention should be paid to them.VR intervention significantly and safely reduced negative emotions in patients with Type D personalities.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272252)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-41)funded by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Wens Fifth Five R&D Major Project(WENS-2020-1-ZDZX-007).
文摘The hurdle technology for food preservation effectively addresses the limitations of individual antimicrobial technologies by integrating their strengths.It can not only prolong the storage time of food but also maintains its high quality.In this study,three antimicrobial and bactericidal technologies,namely soluble gas stabilization(SGS),modified atmosphere packaging(MAP),and cold plasma(CP),were applied to chilled chicken breasts.The packaging,total viable count(TVC),and physicochemical properties of chilled chicken breasts after treatments and storage at 4℃were monitored.The microbial diversity at the initial and end points of the storage time of each group was also analyzed.The results indicated that a 3−5 h SGS treatment can effectively increase the proportion of carbon dioxide in the MAP during the storage process of chilled chicken breasts,thereby alleviating the packaging collapse problem.Simultaneously,the effect of SGS,MAP,and CP combinational treatments significantly extended the storage time of chilled chicken breasts while maintaining the physicochemical qualities of samples.Compared to the control group,the TVC of chicken breast treated with SGS,MAP,and CP treatments decreased by 0.58(lg(CFU/g))at 0 day.The shelf life was extended by 5 days.After 8 days,the total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)was 26.67 vs.19.50 mg/100 g,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)was 0.99 vs.0.72 mg MDA/kg,and TVC was 8.22 vs.6.52(lg(CFU/g)).High-throughput sequencing results showed that SGS and MAP treatments significantly reduce the proportion of Pseudomonas and Psychrobacter,which are sensitive to carbon dioxide,in the total bacterial genera.This study underscores the potential of integrating multiple antimicrobial technologies for effective food preservation.
文摘Patients with dense breasts on mammography have a higher risk of developing breast cancer and missing a tumor mass than those with non-dense breasts. Whether examinees who have dense breasts should be notified is currently under consideration in Japan;however, there is concern about the low level of understanding regarding dense breasts. A questionnaire survey on the degree of comprehension regarding dense breasts was conducted among 409 general women of >20 years of age in Hachinohe city in October 2017 and 2018. The results showed that the degree of comprehension was extremely low, as only 35 people (8.5%) responded with, “I know the meaning”;however, 32 of them (91.5%) stated that they would like to be notified in they had dense breasts. In addition, the degree of comprehension regarding dense breasts was significantly greater among those who had a breast cancer screening history (OR = 6.4;95% CI = 2.0 - 19.8;P = 0.001) and a self-examination history than among those with no such history (OR = 2.5;95% CI = 1.1 - 5.8;P = 0.03). However, the degree of comprehension did not differ between participants of years of age or between participants with and without a breast cancer sufferer among their close blood relatives. The present findings to reflect a low understanding of dense breasts on mammography screening and suggest that the degree of comprehension is influenced by the presence or absence of a consultation history and a self-examination history.
文摘Cultural schema theory proposes that when we interact with members of the same culture in certain situations, or talk about certain information with them many times, cultural schemas are created and stored in our brain, which can promote coherence between the original and target language text, thus solving the cultural default caused by the cultural differences. It is vital to make cultural compensation to different cultural schemas and to coordinate the cultural contradiction. This thesis focuses on the translation methods and strategies in Big Breasts and Wide Hips from the perspective of the cultural schema theory, which exemplifies how cultural default and compensation functions in this novel.
文摘Literary translation has become the most significant pathway for Chinese literature to enter the world literature scene and compete for international recognitions. In order to present a exhaustive analysis and exploration of the strategies of culture translation, it selects one of Mo Yan's classic work Big Breasts and Wide Hips and its English version translated by American scholar Goldblatt as the case study. It will mainly discuss about the cultural transmission through literary translation and the cultivation of talented translators in order to expand Chinese culture's international influence through improving literary translation.
文摘AIM: To achieve symmetric boundaries for left and right breasts boundaries in thermal images by registration. METHODS: The proposed method for registration consists of two steps. In the first step, shape context, an approach as presented by Belongie and Malik was applied for registration of two breast boundaries. The shape context is an approach to measure shape similarity. Two sets of finite sample points from shape contours of two breasts are then presented. Consequently, the correspondences between the two shapes are found. By finding correspondences, the sample point which has the most similar shape context is obtained. RESULTS: In this study, a line up transformation which maps one shape onto the other has been estimated in order to complete shape. The used of a thin plate spline permitted good estimation of a plane transformation which has capability to map unselective points from one shape onto the other. The obtained aligningtransformation of boundaries points has been applied successfully to map the two breasts interior points. Some of advantages for using shape context method in this work are as follows:(1) no special land marks or key points are needed;(2) it is tolerant to all common shape deformation; and(3) although it is uncomplicated and straightforward to use, it gives remarkably powerful descriptor for point sets significantly upgrading point set registration. Results are very promising. The proposed algorithm was implemented for 32 cases. Boundary registration is done perfectly for 28 cases.CONCLUSION: We used shape contexts method that is simple and easy to implement to achieve symmetric boundaries for left and right breasts boundaries in thermal images.
文摘Introduction: Breast hypertrophy (excessive enlargement of breast), a condition though rare, is well pronounced in some females. Surgery either by reduction mammaplasty or sub-cutaneous mastectomy is often employed in treatment of this condition. Aim: This study seeks to find out the long term level of satisfaction of the surgery on these persons after about 10 - 12 years after treatment. Materials and Methods: From January 1994 to December 2000, the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) carried out surgeries on 43 females who presented with several degrees of breast hypertrophy. Patients were asked to answer questionnaires on their condition pre-operatively and post-operatively during the long term review process. Results: Thirty-four (79.1%) patients out of the 43 were available for the review with the patients stating there was much (100%) improvement in terms of the pain they felt in the neck, upper and lower back regions. There was no re-occurrence of the condition in any of the patients;29 (85.3%) stated they were satisfied and that their new breast size(s) was/were excellent for them. Conclusion: The pre-operative complications experienced by these patients were resolved hence this surgical procedure was good and the quality of life of these persons had been improved.
文摘Although a great many qualitative descriptions of the experience of having breast cancer exist, they overwhelmingly represent experiences of women in Western cultures and are based on assumptions that stem from Western individualism. This study explores and describes cultural models shared by a group of non-Western women, South Koreans, in reference to female breasts and breast cancer. The hermeneutic phenomenology-grounded qualitative study was conducted with 40 Korean women, between 23 and 81 years of age, half of whom were breast cancer survivors. The analysis elicited two cultural models, both characterized in terms of physical relationships to others (as opposed to the woman’s individual or independent view of her body): a breast-feeding mother to a child and an attractive wife to a husband. Female breasts are interpreted as a medium that connects women to roles as mothers and wives. Breast cancer can lead women to detach from their previous relational and role-oriented identities. Cultural traditions, cultural concepts, and culture-related health beliefs in Korea are interwoven deeply in the women’s stories about breasts, as a gendered organ, and its disease. The findings suggest that understanding indigenous cultural models should precede any supportive breast cancer care for women from non-Western cultural backgrounds.
文摘Objective:We propose a solution that is backed by cloud computing,combines a series of AI neural networks of computer vision;is capable of detecting,highlighting,and locating breast lesions from a live ultrasound video feed,provides BI-RADS categorizations;and has reliable sensitivity and specificity.Multiple deep-learning models were trained on more than 300,000 breast ultrasound images to achieve object detection and regions of interest classification.The main objective of this study was to determine whether the performance of our Al-powered solution was comparable to that of ultrasound radiologists.Methods:The noninferiority evaluation was conducted by comparing the examination results of the same screening women between our AI-powered solution and ultrasound radiologists with over 10 years of experience.The study lasted for one and a half years and was carried out in the Duanzhou District Women and Children's Hospital,Zhaoqing,China.1,133 females between 20 and 70 years old were selected through convenience sampling.Results:The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were 93.03%,94.90%,90.71%,92.68%,and 93.48%,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)for all positives was 0.91569 and the AUC for all negatives was 0.90461.The comparison indicated that the overall performance of the AI system was comparable to that of ultrasound radiologists.Conclusion:This innovative AI-powered ultrasound solution is cost-effective and user-friendly,and could be applied to massive breast cancer screening.
文摘BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.
文摘The integration of machine learning(ML)technology with Internet of Things(IoT)systems produces essential changes in healthcare operations.Healthcare personnel can track patients around the clock thanks to healthcare IoT(H-IoT)technology,which also provides proactive statistical findings and precise medical diagnoses that enhance healthcare performance.This study examines how ML might support IoT-based health care systems,namely in the areas of prognostic systems,disease detection,patient tracking,and healthcare operations control.The study looks at the benefits and drawbacks of several machine learning techniques for H-IoT applications.It also examines the fundamental problems,such as data security and cyberthreats,as well as the high processing demands that these systems face.Alongside this,the essay discusses the advantages of all the technologies,including machine learning,deep learning,and the Internet of Things,as well as the significant difficulties and problems that arise when integrating the technology into healthcare forecasts.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Yongchuan District,No.2023yc-jckx20021.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide,with approximately 2.3 million new cases diagnosed annually.Breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs)play pivotal roles in tumor initiation,progression,metastasis,therapeutic resistance,and disease recurrence.Cancer stem cells possess selfrenewal capacity,multipotent differentiation potential,and enhanced tumorigenic activity,but their molecular characteristics and regulatory mechanisms require further investigation.AIM To comprehensively characterize the molecular features of BCSCs through multiomics approaches,construct a prognostic prediction model based on stem cellrelated genes,reveal cell-cell communication networks within the tumor microenvironment,and provide theoretical foundation for personalized treatment strategies.METHODS Flow cytometry was employed to detect the expression of BCSC surface markers(CD34,CD45,CD29,CD90,CD105).Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was utilized to screen key prognostic genes and construct a risk scoring model.Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics were applied to analyze tumor heterogeneity and spatial gene expression patterns.Cell-cell communication network analysis was conducted to reveal interactions between stem cells and the microenvironment.RESULTS Flow cytometric analysis revealed the highest expression of CD105(96.30%),followed by CD90(68.43%)and CD34(62.64%),while CD29 showed lower expression(7.16%)and CD45 exhibited the lowest expression(1.19%).Transcriptomic analysis identified 3837 significantly differentially expressed genes(1478 upregulated and 2359 downregulated).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis selected 10 key prognostic genes,and the constructed risk scoring model effectively distinguished between high-risk and low-risk patient groups(P<0.001).Single-cell analysis revealed tumor cellular heterogeneity,and spatial transcriptomics demonstrated distinct spatial expression gradients of stem cell-related genes.MED18 gene showed significantly higher expression in malignant tissues(P<0.001)and occupied a central position in cell-cell communication networks,exhibiting significant correlations with tumor cells,macrophages,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells.CONCLUSION This study comprehensively characterized the molecular features of BCSCs through multi-omics approaches,identified reliable surface markers and key regulatory genes,and constructed a prognostic prediction model with clinical application value.
文摘BACKGROUNDCancer stem cells(CSCs)drive recurrence and therapeutic resistance in triplenegativebreast cancer(TNBC),a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype.Intratumoralhypoxia,a common feature of solid tumors,promotes CSCs enrichment,yet the mechanisms sustaining CSCs stemness remain poorly understood.Hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species can oxidatively activate ataxia telangiectasiamutated(ATM)kinase(oxidized ATM,p-ATM)independently of DNA breaks.AIMTo investigate the role of hypoxia-induced oxidized ATM in sustaining TNBCCSCstemness through c-Myc-mediated regulation of one-carbon metabolism.METHODSHs578T and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells were cultured under normoxia or hypoxia.CSC stemness was assessed by mammosphere assays and flow cytometry.ATMactivity was assessed by pharmacological inhibition(Ku60019)and short hairpinRNA knockdown.c-Myc binding to serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2(SHMT2)and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2(MTHFD2)promoters was analyzedby dual-luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation.NADPH/NADP+ratios were quantified,and metabolic reprogramming was profiledby liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics.RESULTSHypoxia significantly increased mammosphere formation in both Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 cells,as reflected byhigher numbers of mammospheres(Hs578T:214±18;MDA-MB-231:198±16;both P<0.01)and larger meandiameters(P<0.01).Hypoxia also elevated CD44+/CD24-cell proportions and stemness gene expression(P<0.01).Oxidized ATM was activated under hypoxia withoutγH2AX induction,confirming DNA damage independence.ATM inhibition reduced mammosphere growth and suppressed c-Myc,SHMT2,and MTHFD2.Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed direct c-Myc binding to SHMT2 and MTHFD2promoters,while mutation of the binding sites abolished promoter activity.NADPH/NADP+ratios were significantlyelevated under hypoxia but reduced following ATM inhibition(P<0.05).Metabolomics revealed enrichmentof serine/glycine one-carbon pathways.CONCLUSIONHypoxia-induced oxidized ATM maintains TNBC-CSC stemness by promoting c-Myc-dependent upregulation ofMTHFD2 and SHMT2,linking hypoxia,redox signaling,and one-carbon metabolism.These findings suggest apotential therapeutic axis that could be exploited for TNBC treatment.
文摘大千世界,无奇不有！捷克的选民现在遇到一个难题,基督教民主党在竞选中慷赠免费的喝酒账单,而共产党则让半裸美女在散发竞选印刷品,各施绝招！文章则写得更妙:...forcing people to decide between a free shot and a freepeek！其中的两个free就值得玩味。文章第二段出现了free shots,这个shots可不能胡乱猜译！《美国传统词典》对shot一词有释:shot:a drink,especially a jigger ofliquor(一杯,尤指一杯酒);an amount to be paid,as for drinks(喝酒的账单),据此,我们可以把free shots译成“免费喝酒的账单”。另外,请勿忘记咀嚼本文的标题！Booze者,酒也;Breasts,美女也。如此搭配,构成了头韵(alliteration)。
文摘Aim: To assess volume management in patients presenting with breast asymmetry and ptosis. Methods: Retrospectively collected data was analysed. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A included patients who had volumetric difference alone and had different size implants alone. Group B included patients who had volumetric difference with breast ptosis requiring mastopexy with different size implants. Group C included patients who presented with breast asymmetry with ptosis and had same size implants on both sides with different volume breast reduction. Results: Subgroup A1 included 145 patients who had larger implants placed on right side. Subgroup A2 included 95 patients who had larger implants on the left side. Subgroup B1 included 7 patients who had larger implants on the right. Subgroup B2 included 13 patients who had larger implant on the left side. Subgroup C1 included 7 patients who had larger reduction on right side. Subgroup C2 included 11 patients who had larger reduction on left. Conclusion: When different volume implants are used, the vast majority of the patients do not require a volume difference of more than 60 mL. When the breast is larger on the right then larger mean volumes are used on left side to offset the larger right breast.
文摘Aim: Many classifications have been described in the literature for ptotic breasts, focusing on the nipple areola complex position compared to the inframammary fold. These use centimeters and lateral views to illustrate their various grades in a manner always insufficient to propose a clear treatment plan aimed at achieving natural results. We discuss a new dynamic approach to breast ptosis with a complete treatment algorithm. Methods: Patients were examined in a standing position first with hands down then with hands up. We observed the elevation of the inter-nipple line called the 'BK-line' and its relationship to a sternal benchmark that we call the 'BK-Point'. The 'hands-up test' was positive when the line crossed the landmark. The algorithm defines the indication according to this clinical examination and to the patient's wishes. An angle between the nipple, the 'BK-point' and the body meridian (called the 'BK angle') was appreciated before and after surgery. This angle should become 90° or more after ptosis treatment. Results: Three hundred patients were treated for ptotic breasts, including breast reductions, from January 2010 to September 2017. The definitions of 'normal' non-ptotic and ptotic breast and the 'ideal' breast were reconsidered. The surgical indications were adjusted to the clinical situation and to the patient's wishes, refining the final version of the algorithm. Conclusion: This new classification is easy, reproducible and efficient. We propose an appropriate algorithm to treat every situation that takes care to consider patient's wishes and expectations.
文摘Explantation following aesthetic mammoplasty without implant replacement is quite uncommon and often leaves the patient worse off than prior to mammoplasty.A case is presented here in which patient’s own tissue was used as an inferior dermoglandular flap for autologous breast remodeling.Inferior dermal flap has been described for breast reconstruction and simultaneous augmentation mammoplasty with mastopexy for prosthesis cover in the lower pole of the breast,but its use following explantation without implant replacement has not been described for breast remodeling and volume conservation.
文摘Aim:Autoinflation of the breast following mammoplasty using breast implants can be divided into early and late.Early autoinflation of the breast is commonly due to haematoma.Late autoinflation of the breast is an uncommon complication and its true incidence is not known due to the paucity of its reporting.Methods:A retrospective review was performed of the available charts for 2,772 consecutive bilateral primary,secondary augmentation mammoplasties and mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasties by the author between April 1999 and February 2015.Each breast was taken as a single unit for a total of 5,544 breasts.Results:There were 2,334 patients in primary augmentation mammoplasty,258 in secondary augmentation mammoplasty and 180 in simultaneous mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasty.There were three autoinflation of breasts due to late seromas identified in the series.All patients presented at least six months following augmentation mammoplasty and all had textured implants place in muscle splitting submuscular pocket.There was no late seroma noted in secondary augmentation mammoplasty or simultaneous mastopexy with augmentation mammoplasty.All patients were treated conservatively without a recurrence.Conclusion:Late autoinflation of the breast due to seroma is an uncommon clinical complication and can be treated conservatively in the first instance.
基金supported by a project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Research on the integration of artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology to promote psychological rehabilitation of breast cancer patients with different personalities(project approval no.82073408).
文摘Objectives:To explore the efficacy and safety of virtual reality(VR)in relieving negative emotions in patients with breast cancer with different personalities.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted.Between April 2023 and October 2023,we enrolled patients with breast cancer treated in the Department of Breast Cancer and Oncology at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangdong Province.The patients were randomly divided into an intervention group(n=118)and a control group(n=119)using block randomization.The intervention group received the VR intervention 3-5 times over 5±2 weeks using natural landscapes with music or relaxation guidance,and the duration of each VR intervention was 15±3 min.The control group received routine nursing care,including disease education and psychological counseling.Patients were assessed using the Type D Scale,Positive and Negative Affect Scale,and Distress Thermometer,and adverse events during the intervention were recorded.Results:Overall,85 patients completed the study(44 in the intervention group and 41 in the control group).Patients with Type D personalities showed more negative emotions[25.0(21.5,27.5)vs.19.0(16.0,24.0),P=0.001]and distressed attitudes[4.0(2.0,5.0)vs.3.0(1.0,4.0),P=0.020]with fewer positive emotions(27.2±5.6 vs.31.0±5.9,P=0.014)than those with non-Type D personalities.Total population analysis revealed no significant differences between the groups.However,in the subgroup analysis,patients with Type D personalities in the intervention group showed greater relief from negative emotions than those in the control group[median difference,-5.0(-9.0,-2.5)vs.-2.0(-4.0,2.0),P=0.046].No significant differences were found between groups of patients with non-Type D personality traits.The proportion of adverse events was not significantly different between groups(P=0.110).Conclusions:Breast cancer patients with Type D personalities suffer more severe negative emotions and distress,and more attention should be paid to them.VR intervention significantly and safely reduced negative emotions in patients with Type D personalities.
