Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks ...Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks is robust sensing under the coexistence of low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)and non-Gaussian impulsive noise,where observations may be distorted differently across feature modalities,making conventional fusion unstable and degrading detection reliability.To address this challenge,the generalized Gaussian distribution(GGD)is adopted as the noise model,and a multimodal fusion framework termed BCAM-Net(bidirectional cross-attention multimodal network)is proposed.BCAM-Net adopts a parallel dual-branch architecture:a time-frequency branch that leverages the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)to extract time-frequency representations,and a temporal branch that learns long-range dependencies from raw signals.BCAM-Net utilizes a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism to achieve deep alignment and mutual calibration of temporal and time-frequency features,generating a fused representation that is highly robust to complex noise.Simulation results show that,under GGD noise with shape parameterβ=0.5,BCAM-Net achieves high detection probabilities in the low-SNR regime and outperforms representative baselines.At a false alarm probability Pf=0.1 and SNR of−14 dB,it attains a detection probability of 0.9020,exceeding the CNN-Transformer,WT-ResNet,TFCFN,and conventional CNN benchmarks by 5.75%,6.98%,33.3%,and 21.1%,respectively.These results indicate that BCAM-Net can effectively improve spectrum sensing performance in low-SNR impulsive-noise scenarios,and provides a lightweight,high-performance solution for practical cognitive radio spectrum sensing.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development of highly efficient SACs and a comprehensive understanding of their structure-activity relationships remain enormously challenging.Herein,a novel kind of Fe-based SAC featuring an asymmetric FeN_(5)-TeN_(4) coordination structure was precisely designed by introducing Te atom adjacent to the Fe active center to enhance the catalytic activity.Theoretical calculations reveal that the neighboring Te atom modulates the local coordination environment of the central Fe site,elevating the d-band center closer to the Fermi level and strengthening the d-p orbital hybridization between the catalyst and sulfur species,thereby immobilizing polysulfides and improving the bidirectional catalysis of Li-S redox.Consequently,the Fe-Te atom pair catalyst endows Li-S batteries with exceptional rate performance,achieving a high specific capacity of 735 mAh g^(−1) at 5 C,and remarkable cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.038%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C.This work provides fundamental insights into the electronic structure modulation of SACs and establishes a clear correlation between precisely engineered atomic configurations and their enhanced catalytic performance in Li-S electrochemistry.展开更多
Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationall...Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationally intensive,sensitive to video resolution changes and often fail in crowded scenes.We propose a novel hybrid system that is computationally efficient,robust to degraded video quality and able to filter out irrelevant individuals,making it suitable for real-life use.The system leverages multi-modal handcrafted features for interaction representation and a deep learning classifier for capturing complex dependencies.Using Mask R-CNN and YOLO11-Pose,we extract grayscale silhouettes and keypoint coordinates of interacting individuals,while filtering out irrelevant individuals using a proposed algorithm.From these,we extract silhouette-based features(local ternary pattern and histogram of optical flow)and keypoint-based features(distances,angles and velocities)that capture distinct spatial and temporal information.A Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network(BiLSTM)then classifies the interactions.Extensive experiments on the UT Interaction,SBU Kinect Interaction and the ISR-UOL 3D social activity datasets demonstrate that our system achieves competitive accuracy.They also validate the effectiveness of the chosen features and classifier,along with the proposed system’s computational efficiency and robustness to occlusion.展开更多
To solve the problem of circulating power of dual active bridge(DAB)DC-DC converter over a wide voltage conversion ratio,this paper proposes a novel synchronous PWM(S-PWM)modulation.Existence of circulating power incr...To solve the problem of circulating power of dual active bridge(DAB)DC-DC converter over a wide voltage conversion ratio,this paper proposes a novel synchronous PWM(S-PWM)modulation.Existence of circulating power increases current stress of devices and decreases efficiency,especially under light load conditions.Several modulation methods have been proposed to overcome the problem.They can reduce or eliminate either input or output side circulating power.In contrast,S-PWM not only eliminates both sides circulating power and reduces current stress,but also achieves zero-current-switching(ZCS)turn-on for all switches and ZCS turn-off for most across the full power range.No auxiliary or snubber circuits are increased.In addition,the control can be simplified so the transmitted power is related to only one variable.The S-PWM has four cases under different gain and power conditions.The detailed operation principle and modes of DAB under S-PWM are analyzed in the paper.In addition,four modulations in literature are discussed,and corresponding comparative analyses with S-PWM are given.Finally,a laboratory prototype is built to verify advantages and effectiveness of the proposed modulation.展开更多
Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined sp...Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined spaces,and millimeter-scale height restrictions,presenting significant challenges to conventional inspection methods.Here,we present an ultrasonic microrobot(weight,80 mg;dimensions,24 mm×7 mm;thickness,210μm)to realize agile and bidirectional navigation in narrow pipelines.The ultrathin structural design of the robot is achieved through a high-performance piezoelectric composite film microstructure based on MEMS technology.The robot exhibits various vibration modes when driven by ultrasonic frequency signals,its motion speed reaches81 cm s-1 at 54.8 k Hz,exceeding that of the fastest piezoelectric microrobots,and its forward and backward motion direction is controllable through frequency modulation,while the minimum driving voltage for initial movement can be as low as 3 VP-P.Additionally,the robot can effortlessly climb slopes up to 24.25°and carry loads more than 36 times its weight.The robot is capable of agile navigation through curved L-shaped pipes,pipes made of various materials(acrylic,stainless steel,and polyvinyl chloride),and even over water.To further demonstrate its inspection capabilities,a micro-endoscope camera is integrated into the robot,enabling real-time image capture inside glass pipes.展开更多
Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and ex...Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and explored its mechanism of action,focusing on apoptosis and autophagy.Firstly,we verified that AMP strongly inhibited the growth of C-33A cells and observed apoptosis and autophagy phenomenon in vivo,and found that AMP induces C-33A cell apoptosis via death receptor or mitochondrial pathways.The results also indicated that AMP-induced autophagy occurs via the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.Secondly,when autophagy was inhibited,the AMP-induced apoptosis of C-33A cells was strengthened,when apoptosis was inhibited,the AMP-induced autophagy of C-33A cells was strengthened.PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway activation enhances AMP-induced apoptosis in C-33A cells,while its inhibition strengthens AMP-induced autophagy.Finally,we confirmed that AMP inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and autophagy of C-33A cells in an in vivo nude mouse model of C-33A tumor xenografts.These results elucidate that AMP bidirectionally regulates apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer C-33A cells by mediating the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.展开更多
双向反射分布函数(Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function,BRDF)描述地表反射的各向异性分布特征,是定量遥感研究的重要参数。本研究利用ASD Field Spec 4便携式地物光谱仪和多角度观测支架采集查干湖冰封期不同类型积雪和湖...双向反射分布函数(Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function,BRDF)描述地表反射的各向异性分布特征,是定量遥感研究的重要参数。本研究利用ASD Field Spec 4便携式地物光谱仪和多角度观测支架采集查干湖冰封期不同类型积雪和湖冰BRDF,并利用Savitzky-Golay滤波法处理光谱数据,基于地面观测数据分析黑冰、白冰、灰冰、蓝冰和雪的BRDF反射特性,同时探索气泡及杂质对冰雪BRDF反射光谱特性的影响。结果显示,湖冰和积雪表面反射率随天顶角的增加而增加,当方位角为0°和45°时,呈现出明显的各向异性。不同种类的湖冰光谱反射率具有共同的变化特征:当波长位于350~600 nm,湖冰反射率随波长的增大而增大,在600 nm附近反射率达到峰值;当波长位于600~1300 nm,反射率随波长增大而减小,直至完全被吸收。对比不同气泡大小的黑冰光谱特性发现,气泡主要影响350~1000 nm范围内的反射率,气泡的存在增加了黑冰反射率。本研究旨在为湖冰遥感反演算法提供实测数据和机理研究。展开更多
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish ...Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish redox dynamics.Herein,we supply a strategy to optimize the electron structure of Ni_(2)P by concurrently introducing B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P (Vp-B-Ni_(2)P),thereby enhancing the bidirectional sulfur conversion.The study indicates that the simultaneous introduction of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P causes the redistribution of electron around Ni atoms,bringing about the upward shift of d-band center of Ni atoms and effective d-p orbital hybridization between Ni atoms and sulfur species,thus strengthening the chemical anchoring for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) as well as expediting the bidirectional conversion kinetics of sulfur species.Meanwhile,theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P selectively promotes Li2S dissolution and nucleation processes.Thus,the Li-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni_(2)P-separators present outstanding rate ability of 777 m A h g^(-1)at 5 C and high areal capacity of 8.03 mA h cm^(-2)under E/S of 5μL mg^(-1)and sulfur loading of 7.20 mg cm^(-2).This work elucidates that introducing heteroatom and vacancy in metal phosphide collaboratively regulates the electron structure to accelerate bidirectional sulfur conversion.展开更多
BACKGROUND Propofol has been widely used in bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation;however,it frequently leads to cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression.Propofol target-controlled infusion...BACKGROUND Propofol has been widely used in bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation;however,it frequently leads to cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression.Propofol target-controlled infusion(TCI)can provide safe sedation but may require higher dosages of propofol.On the contrary,etomidate offers hemodynamic stability.AIM To evaluate the effect of different dose etomidate added to propofol TCI sedation during same-visit bidirectional endoscopy.METHODS A total of 330 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were randomly divided into three groups:P,0.1EP,and 0.15EP.Patients in the P group received propofol TCI only,with an initial effect-site concentration of the propofol TCI system of 3.0 mg/mL.Patients in the 0.1EP and 0.15EP groups received 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg etomidate intravenous injection,respectively,followed by propofol TCI.RESULTS Patients in the 0.15EP group had higher mean blood pressure after induction than the other groups(P group:78 mmHg,0.1EP group:82 mmHg,0.15EP group:88 mmHg;P<0.05).Total doses of propofol consumption significantly decreased in the 0.15EP group compared with that in the other groups(P group:260.6 mg,0.1EP group:228.1 mg,0.15EP group:201.2 mg;P<0.05).The induction time was longer in the P group than in the other groups(P group:1.9±0.7 minutes,0.1EP group:1.2±0.4 minutes,0.15EP group:1.1±0.3 minutes;P<0.01).The recovery time was shorter in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P group:4.8±2.1 minutes,0.1EP group:4.5±1.6 minutes,0.15EP group:3.9±1.4 minutes;P<0.01).The incidence of hypotension(P group:36.4%,0.1EP group:29.1%,0.15EP group:11.8%;P<0.01)and injection pain was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,the incidence of respiratory depression was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the P group(P<0.05).Additionally,the satisfaction of the patient,endoscopist,and anesthesiologist was higher in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that 0.15 mg/kg etomidate plus propofol TCI can significantly reduce propofol consumption,which is followed by fewer cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression,along with higher patient,endoscopist,and anesthesiologist satisfaction.展开更多
To identify coatings and analyze the anti-detection capabilities of camouflage patterns, material samples can be prepared using the super-pixel segmentation method. A spectral polarization imaging system is developed,...To identify coatings and analyze the anti-detection capabilities of camouflage patterns, material samples can be prepared using the super-pixel segmentation method. A spectral polarization imaging system is developed, based on the principle of bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF), to obtain spectral reflection intensities of coatings at full spatial angles, and use polarization images to calculate the refractive index by the Fresnel equation. The index is then coupled into TorranceSparrow model to simulate the spectral scattering intensity to mutually verify the experimental results. The spectral scattering characteristics of standard camouflage patterns are then revealed and pinpoint the signature band and the angle of reflecting sensitivity.展开更多
Motivated by the early works on bidirectional interaction and the breakthrough to estimate seismic response to bidirectional shaking via unidirectional analysis,it is essential to answer the question:When is the inter...Motivated by the early works on bidirectional interaction and the breakthrough to estimate seismic response to bidirectional shaking via unidirectional analysis,it is essential to answer the question:When is the interaction effect significant?Early works concluded that the effect of interaction is pronounced for stiff systems;consequently,the straightforward method for estimating seismic response to bidirectional excitation by using unidirectional analyses is verified primarily for short period systems.Hence,it is essential to identify the domain of significance for bidirectional interaction before adopting this simple methodology in design.Several parametrically defined systems with elastoplastic and degrading hysteresis models are studied under near-fault motions,assuming strength-independent and strength-dependent stiffness.The force-based and displacement-based analyses,conducted in parallel,reveal that the interaction effect is considerable for stiff systems,especially with degrading characteristics in a relatively low inelasticity range.However,the bidirectional effect may be significant even for highly flexible systems,especially for residual deformation,which in earlier works was shrouded.The range of significance depends on the hysteresis model,system parameters,and response indices.Regression analysis is carried out with the results of the case studies,and the derived regression models may be used for a preliminary assessment of the impact of interaction in advance.展开更多
Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malwar...Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malware detection techniques need to be more efficient in detecting new and progressively sophisticated variants of malware.Therefore,the development of more advanced and accurate techniques is necessary for malware detection.This paper introduces a comprehensive Dual-Channel Attention Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(DCADBiLSTM)model for malware detection and riskmitigation.The Dual Channel Attention(DCA)mechanism improves themodel’s capability to concentrate on the features that aremost appropriate in the input data,which reduces the false favourable rates.The Bidirectional Long,Short-Term Memory framework helps capture crucial interdependence from past and future circumstances,which is essential for enhancing the model’s understanding of malware behaviour.As soon as malware is detected,the risk mitigation phase is implemented,which evaluates the severity of each threat and helps mitigate threats earlier.The outcomes of the method demonstrate better accuracy of 98.96%,which outperforms traditional models.It indicates the method detects and mitigates several kinds of malware threats,thereby providing a proactive defence mechanism against the emerging challenges in cybersecurity.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is a highly prevalent and life-threatening malignant tumor worldwide,posing a serious threat to human health.Depression is also highly prevalent among patients with GC.A complex bidirectional relatio...Gastric cancer(GC)is a highly prevalent and life-threatening malignant tumor worldwide,posing a serious threat to human health.Depression is also highly prevalent among patients with GC.A complex bidirectional relationship exists between the two.A total of 52 articles were included in this study to synthesize the evidence on the association between depression and the risk of GC as well as the prognosis of affected patients.The findings indicated that depression can activate the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,promote the release of catecholamine neurotransmitters,and influence the proliferation,invasion,and metastasis of GC through signaling pathways such as theβ2-adrenergic receptor.Furthermore,the severity of depression is positively correlated with indicators of GC progression.At the same time,GC can induce or aggravate depression through psychological and cognitive factors,social environment interactions,and diverse pathophysiological mechanisms,including tumor biological characteristics,treatment-related damage,and metabolic disorders.These interactions form a vicious cycle.This minireview summarizes the existing evidence and provides a theoretical basis for clinical interventions aimed at improving treatment outcomes and quality of life in patients with GC.展开更多
In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). T...In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles(EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.展开更多
基金supported in part by JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25K07742 and 25K23457.
文摘Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks is robust sensing under the coexistence of low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)and non-Gaussian impulsive noise,where observations may be distorted differently across feature modalities,making conventional fusion unstable and degrading detection reliability.To address this challenge,the generalized Gaussian distribution(GGD)is adopted as the noise model,and a multimodal fusion framework termed BCAM-Net(bidirectional cross-attention multimodal network)is proposed.BCAM-Net adopts a parallel dual-branch architecture:a time-frequency branch that leverages the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)to extract time-frequency representations,and a temporal branch that learns long-range dependencies from raw signals.BCAM-Net utilizes a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism to achieve deep alignment and mutual calibration of temporal and time-frequency features,generating a fused representation that is highly robust to complex noise.Simulation results show that,under GGD noise with shape parameterβ=0.5,BCAM-Net achieves high detection probabilities in the low-SNR regime and outperforms representative baselines.At a false alarm probability Pf=0.1 and SNR of−14 dB,it attains a detection probability of 0.9020,exceeding the CNN-Transformer,WT-ResNet,TFCFN,and conventional CNN benchmarks by 5.75%,6.98%,33.3%,and 21.1%,respectively.These results indicate that BCAM-Net can effectively improve spectrum sensing performance in low-SNR impulsive-noise scenarios,and provides a lightweight,high-performance solution for practical cognitive radio spectrum sensing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(52302284,22002086,22204096)Shanghai Sailing Program(23YF1412200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22120240314).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development of highly efficient SACs and a comprehensive understanding of their structure-activity relationships remain enormously challenging.Herein,a novel kind of Fe-based SAC featuring an asymmetric FeN_(5)-TeN_(4) coordination structure was precisely designed by introducing Te atom adjacent to the Fe active center to enhance the catalytic activity.Theoretical calculations reveal that the neighboring Te atom modulates the local coordination environment of the central Fe site,elevating the d-band center closer to the Fermi level and strengthening the d-p orbital hybridization between the catalyst and sulfur species,thereby immobilizing polysulfides and improving the bidirectional catalysis of Li-S redox.Consequently,the Fe-Te atom pair catalyst endows Li-S batteries with exceptional rate performance,achieving a high specific capacity of 735 mAh g^(−1) at 5 C,and remarkable cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.038%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C.This work provides fundamental insights into the electronic structure modulation of SACs and establishes a clear correlation between precisely engineered atomic configurations and their enhanced catalytic performance in Li-S electrochemistry.
基金supported and funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R410),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationally intensive,sensitive to video resolution changes and often fail in crowded scenes.We propose a novel hybrid system that is computationally efficient,robust to degraded video quality and able to filter out irrelevant individuals,making it suitable for real-life use.The system leverages multi-modal handcrafted features for interaction representation and a deep learning classifier for capturing complex dependencies.Using Mask R-CNN and YOLO11-Pose,we extract grayscale silhouettes and keypoint coordinates of interacting individuals,while filtering out irrelevant individuals using a proposed algorithm.From these,we extract silhouette-based features(local ternary pattern and histogram of optical flow)and keypoint-based features(distances,angles and velocities)that capture distinct spatial and temporal information.A Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network(BiLSTM)then classifies the interactions.Extensive experiments on the UT Interaction,SBU Kinect Interaction and the ISR-UOL 3D social activity datasets demonstrate that our system achieves competitive accuracy.They also validate the effectiveness of the chosen features and classifier,along with the proposed system’s computational efficiency and robustness to occlusion.
文摘To solve the problem of circulating power of dual active bridge(DAB)DC-DC converter over a wide voltage conversion ratio,this paper proposes a novel synchronous PWM(S-PWM)modulation.Existence of circulating power increases current stress of devices and decreases efficiency,especially under light load conditions.Several modulation methods have been proposed to overcome the problem.They can reduce or eliminate either input or output side circulating power.In contrast,S-PWM not only eliminates both sides circulating power and reduces current stress,but also achieves zero-current-switching(ZCS)turn-on for all switches and ZCS turn-off for most across the full power range.No auxiliary or snubber circuits are increased.In addition,the control can be simplified so the transmitted power is related to only one variable.The S-PWM has four cases under different gain and power conditions.The detailed operation principle and modes of DAB under S-PWM are analyzed in the paper.In addition,four modulations in literature are discussed,and corresponding comparative analyses with S-PWM are given.Finally,a laboratory prototype is built to verify advantages and effectiveness of the proposed modulation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3212901)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12072189)the Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.YG2025ZD05)。
文摘Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined spaces,and millimeter-scale height restrictions,presenting significant challenges to conventional inspection methods.Here,we present an ultrasonic microrobot(weight,80 mg;dimensions,24 mm×7 mm;thickness,210μm)to realize agile and bidirectional navigation in narrow pipelines.The ultrathin structural design of the robot is achieved through a high-performance piezoelectric composite film microstructure based on MEMS technology.The robot exhibits various vibration modes when driven by ultrasonic frequency signals,its motion speed reaches81 cm s-1 at 54.8 k Hz,exceeding that of the fastest piezoelectric microrobots,and its forward and backward motion direction is controllable through frequency modulation,while the minimum driving voltage for initial movement can be as low as 3 VP-P.Additionally,the robot can effortlessly climb slopes up to 24.25°and carry loads more than 36 times its weight.The robot is capable of agile navigation through curved L-shaped pipes,pipes made of various materials(acrylic,stainless steel,and polyvinyl chloride),and even over water.To further demonstrate its inspection capabilities,a micro-endoscope camera is integrated into the robot,enabling real-time image capture inside glass pipes.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(2020ACA007)the Scientific and Technological Bureau of Wuhan(2018060401011308).
文摘Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and explored its mechanism of action,focusing on apoptosis and autophagy.Firstly,we verified that AMP strongly inhibited the growth of C-33A cells and observed apoptosis and autophagy phenomenon in vivo,and found that AMP induces C-33A cell apoptosis via death receptor or mitochondrial pathways.The results also indicated that AMP-induced autophagy occurs via the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.Secondly,when autophagy was inhibited,the AMP-induced apoptosis of C-33A cells was strengthened,when apoptosis was inhibited,the AMP-induced autophagy of C-33A cells was strengthened.PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway activation enhances AMP-induced apoptosis in C-33A cells,while its inhibition strengthens AMP-induced autophagy.Finally,we confirmed that AMP inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and autophagy of C-33A cells in an in vivo nude mouse model of C-33A tumor xenografts.These results elucidate that AMP bidirectionally regulates apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer C-33A cells by mediating the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.
基金Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars21C Innovation Laboratory Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.,Limited,Ninde, 352100, China (21C–OP-202314)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish redox dynamics.Herein,we supply a strategy to optimize the electron structure of Ni_(2)P by concurrently introducing B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P (Vp-B-Ni_(2)P),thereby enhancing the bidirectional sulfur conversion.The study indicates that the simultaneous introduction of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P causes the redistribution of electron around Ni atoms,bringing about the upward shift of d-band center of Ni atoms and effective d-p orbital hybridization between Ni atoms and sulfur species,thus strengthening the chemical anchoring for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) as well as expediting the bidirectional conversion kinetics of sulfur species.Meanwhile,theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni_(2)P selectively promotes Li2S dissolution and nucleation processes.Thus,the Li-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni_(2)P-separators present outstanding rate ability of 777 m A h g^(-1)at 5 C and high areal capacity of 8.03 mA h cm^(-2)under E/S of 5μL mg^(-1)and sulfur loading of 7.20 mg cm^(-2).This work elucidates that introducing heteroatom and vacancy in metal phosphide collaboratively regulates the electron structure to accelerate bidirectional sulfur conversion.
文摘BACKGROUND Propofol has been widely used in bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation;however,it frequently leads to cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression.Propofol target-controlled infusion(TCI)can provide safe sedation but may require higher dosages of propofol.On the contrary,etomidate offers hemodynamic stability.AIM To evaluate the effect of different dose etomidate added to propofol TCI sedation during same-visit bidirectional endoscopy.METHODS A total of 330 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were randomly divided into three groups:P,0.1EP,and 0.15EP.Patients in the P group received propofol TCI only,with an initial effect-site concentration of the propofol TCI system of 3.0 mg/mL.Patients in the 0.1EP and 0.15EP groups received 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg etomidate intravenous injection,respectively,followed by propofol TCI.RESULTS Patients in the 0.15EP group had higher mean blood pressure after induction than the other groups(P group:78 mmHg,0.1EP group:82 mmHg,0.15EP group:88 mmHg;P<0.05).Total doses of propofol consumption significantly decreased in the 0.15EP group compared with that in the other groups(P group:260.6 mg,0.1EP group:228.1 mg,0.15EP group:201.2 mg;P<0.05).The induction time was longer in the P group than in the other groups(P group:1.9±0.7 minutes,0.1EP group:1.2±0.4 minutes,0.15EP group:1.1±0.3 minutes;P<0.01).The recovery time was shorter in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P group:4.8±2.1 minutes,0.1EP group:4.5±1.6 minutes,0.15EP group:3.9±1.4 minutes;P<0.01).The incidence of hypotension(P group:36.4%,0.1EP group:29.1%,0.15EP group:11.8%;P<0.01)and injection pain was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,the incidence of respiratory depression was lower in the 0.15EP group than in the P group(P<0.05).Additionally,the satisfaction of the patient,endoscopist,and anesthesiologist was higher in the 0.15EP group than in the other groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that 0.15 mg/kg etomidate plus propofol TCI can significantly reduce propofol consumption,which is followed by fewer cardiovascular adverse events and respiratory depression,along with higher patient,endoscopist,and anesthesiologist satisfaction.
基金supported by the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Item (No.20240402068GH)。
文摘To identify coatings and analyze the anti-detection capabilities of camouflage patterns, material samples can be prepared using the super-pixel segmentation method. A spectral polarization imaging system is developed, based on the principle of bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF), to obtain spectral reflection intensities of coatings at full spatial angles, and use polarization images to calculate the refractive index by the Fresnel equation. The index is then coupled into TorranceSparrow model to simulate the spectral scattering intensity to mutually verify the experimental results. The spectral scattering characteristics of standard camouflage patterns are then revealed and pinpoint the signature band and the angle of reflecting sensitivity.
文摘Motivated by the early works on bidirectional interaction and the breakthrough to estimate seismic response to bidirectional shaking via unidirectional analysis,it is essential to answer the question:When is the interaction effect significant?Early works concluded that the effect of interaction is pronounced for stiff systems;consequently,the straightforward method for estimating seismic response to bidirectional excitation by using unidirectional analyses is verified primarily for short period systems.Hence,it is essential to identify the domain of significance for bidirectional interaction before adopting this simple methodology in design.Several parametrically defined systems with elastoplastic and degrading hysteresis models are studied under near-fault motions,assuming strength-independent and strength-dependent stiffness.The force-based and displacement-based analyses,conducted in parallel,reveal that the interaction effect is considerable for stiff systems,especially with degrading characteristics in a relatively low inelasticity range.However,the bidirectional effect may be significant even for highly flexible systems,especially for residual deformation,which in earlier works was shrouded.The range of significance depends on the hysteresis model,system parameters,and response indices.Regression analysis is carried out with the results of the case studies,and the derived regression models may be used for a preliminary assessment of the impact of interaction in advance.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,under grant No.(IPP:421-611-2025).
文摘Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malware detection techniques need to be more efficient in detecting new and progressively sophisticated variants of malware.Therefore,the development of more advanced and accurate techniques is necessary for malware detection.This paper introduces a comprehensive Dual-Channel Attention Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(DCADBiLSTM)model for malware detection and riskmitigation.The Dual Channel Attention(DCA)mechanism improves themodel’s capability to concentrate on the features that aremost appropriate in the input data,which reduces the false favourable rates.The Bidirectional Long,Short-Term Memory framework helps capture crucial interdependence from past and future circumstances,which is essential for enhancing the model’s understanding of malware behaviour.As soon as malware is detected,the risk mitigation phase is implemented,which evaluates the severity of each threat and helps mitigate threats earlier.The outcomes of the method demonstrate better accuracy of 98.96%,which outperforms traditional models.It indicates the method detects and mitigates several kinds of malware threats,thereby providing a proactive defence mechanism against the emerging challenges in cybersecurity.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is a highly prevalent and life-threatening malignant tumor worldwide,posing a serious threat to human health.Depression is also highly prevalent among patients with GC.A complex bidirectional relationship exists between the two.A total of 52 articles were included in this study to synthesize the evidence on the association between depression and the risk of GC as well as the prognosis of affected patients.The findings indicated that depression can activate the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,promote the release of catecholamine neurotransmitters,and influence the proliferation,invasion,and metastasis of GC through signaling pathways such as theβ2-adrenergic receptor.Furthermore,the severity of depression is positively correlated with indicators of GC progression.At the same time,GC can induce or aggravate depression through psychological and cognitive factors,social environment interactions,and diverse pathophysiological mechanisms,including tumor biological characteristics,treatment-related damage,and metabolic disorders.These interactions form a vicious cycle.This minireview summarizes the existing evidence and provides a theoretical basis for clinical interventions aimed at improving treatment outcomes and quality of life in patients with GC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82230071, 82172098)the Integrated Project of Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China (92249303)+2 种基金the Laboratory Animal Research Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (23141900600)the Shanghai Clinical Research Plan (SHDC2023CRT01)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (YESS20230049)。
文摘In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles(EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.
