A combined inorganic and organic geochemical study was carried out on marls and mudstones collected from the Lower Miocene Lopare Basin,Bosnia and Herzegovina.A total of 46 samples collected from two boreholes,Pot 1(d...A combined inorganic and organic geochemical study was carried out on marls and mudstones collected from the Lower Miocene Lopare Basin,Bosnia and Herzegovina.A total of 46 samples collected from two boreholes,Pot 1(depth of 193 m)and Pot 3(depth of 344 m),showed that element abundances like boron(B),lithium(Li),strontium(Sr),uranium(U),chromium(Cr),nickel(Ni),magnesium(Mg),sodium(Na)and calcium(Ca)are much higher than average than in the upper continental crust(UCC).Chemical composition indicates at least two sources:(i)Mesozoic ophiolites occurring in the north of the investigated area,and(ii)dacito-andesitic pyroclastics(Mesozoic to Cenozoic).Lopare Basin sedimentation was influenced by strong evaporation resulting in a partly hypersaline lake,which formed during a warm climatic period,probably during the Miocene Climatic Optimum.A brief episode of humid climate conditions resulted in the basin fillingup and deposition of felsic sediments enriched in thorium(Th).Organic geochemistry shows that the majority of studied sediments contains predominantly immature to marginally mature algal organic matter(OM).The biomarker patterns are generally in agreement with the geological history of the Lopare Basin and inorganic and mineralogical data.Conversely,the molecular distribution of n-alkanes as reliable climatic andδ-MTTC as paleosalinity indicators do not support this conclusion.展开更多
The paper considers developmental problems of the rural settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are results of long-term disparity in the regional development in the period 1991-2012. In this paper it is consider...The paper considers developmental problems of the rural settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are results of long-term disparity in the regional development in the period 1991-2012. In this paper it is considered the recent migration from rural to urban areas and the depopulation of the rural areas. The result of these trends reflects the development of the new infrastructure and tertiary activities. In these investigations, statistical data processed and geovisualised in GIS were used. The obtained data indicate extremely unequable regional arrangement of the population in the rural areas and socio-economic development.展开更多
Production of bee products using standards of Modern technology requires high specialization and high productivity of labor adequate facilities and equipment, and coordination of natural bee potential with production ...Production of bee products using standards of Modern technology requires high specialization and high productivity of labor adequate facilities and equipment, and coordination of natural bee potential with production characteristics of the wider region. Effectively beekeeping today means using several pastures per year with a yield of 50-60 kg per hive. Mobile beekeeping is the only way to achieve high yields of production and it has considerable advantage over stationary one which is less rentable. Mobile beekeeping require higher investments and labor but with good climate and ecological conditions, one can achieve several times higher income than in stationary beekeeping. Some of the success in mobile beekeeping depends of the selection of hives. The hives must be designed to give the bees the best environment for work and development to be most efficient. Data was collected from 57 beekeepers that live in the district. Data analysis was conducted by using standard statistical and economic processes. Criteria for a recommended for the proposed beekeeping model were incomes and profit per hive. For effective beekeeping and production of bee products, especially honey, beekeeper must have adequate equipment and a good bee hives. Beekeeper must have transportation and additional equipment because their movement depends season on the season and distance to pasture.展开更多
Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the archi&#...Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the architecture of ancient Egypt,ancient Greek architecture in Asia Minor(Lycia),and the architecture of ancient Persia.Many examples of this architectural expression remained unknown to them:the architecture of ancient and medieval India,the architecture of ancient and medieval China,the architecture of the ancient Middle East(the area of today’s Israel,Jordan,Saudi Arabia),vernacular architecture around the world from different historical periods.As a teacher at the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,the author,after switching to the education of architecture students in accordance with the“Bologna process”(2003),presented“architecture carved in the rocks”through a series of subjects,through all levels of education(undergraduate,master’s and doctoral studies),within the framework of processing narrower topics of architecture:constructive systems in architecture,bioclimatic architecture,architecture as an energy system,architecture in context.The complex process of creating architecture and explaining its appearance was elaborated by the author(1988)in his doctoral dissertation.The topic“Architecture Carved in Rocks”was elaborated according to this model,which on the one hand confirmed its applicability,and on the other hand enabled students to look at the highly dispersed appearance of architecture in an extremely systematic way,without losing sight of its basic elements:environment,man,boundaries and perspectives.The aim of this work is to show(and through examples in Bosnia and Herzegovina)that natural caves,with more or less“refining”,are still used today,and that“carving architecture into rocks”is an all-time and planetary phenomenon.展开更多
基金partly financed by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development,Republic of Serbia(Grant No.451-03-68/2020-14/200026 and Project 176006)。
文摘A combined inorganic and organic geochemical study was carried out on marls and mudstones collected from the Lower Miocene Lopare Basin,Bosnia and Herzegovina.A total of 46 samples collected from two boreholes,Pot 1(depth of 193 m)and Pot 3(depth of 344 m),showed that element abundances like boron(B),lithium(Li),strontium(Sr),uranium(U),chromium(Cr),nickel(Ni),magnesium(Mg),sodium(Na)and calcium(Ca)are much higher than average than in the upper continental crust(UCC).Chemical composition indicates at least two sources:(i)Mesozoic ophiolites occurring in the north of the investigated area,and(ii)dacito-andesitic pyroclastics(Mesozoic to Cenozoic).Lopare Basin sedimentation was influenced by strong evaporation resulting in a partly hypersaline lake,which formed during a warm climatic period,probably during the Miocene Climatic Optimum.A brief episode of humid climate conditions resulted in the basin fillingup and deposition of felsic sediments enriched in thorium(Th).Organic geochemistry shows that the majority of studied sediments contains predominantly immature to marginally mature algal organic matter(OM).The biomarker patterns are generally in agreement with the geological history of the Lopare Basin and inorganic and mineralogical data.Conversely,the molecular distribution of n-alkanes as reliable climatic andδ-MTTC as paleosalinity indicators do not support this conclusion.
文摘The paper considers developmental problems of the rural settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are results of long-term disparity in the regional development in the period 1991-2012. In this paper it is considered the recent migration from rural to urban areas and the depopulation of the rural areas. The result of these trends reflects the development of the new infrastructure and tertiary activities. In these investigations, statistical data processed and geovisualised in GIS were used. The obtained data indicate extremely unequable regional arrangement of the population in the rural areas and socio-economic development.
文摘Production of bee products using standards of Modern technology requires high specialization and high productivity of labor adequate facilities and equipment, and coordination of natural bee potential with production characteristics of the wider region. Effectively beekeeping today means using several pastures per year with a yield of 50-60 kg per hive. Mobile beekeeping is the only way to achieve high yields of production and it has considerable advantage over stationary one which is less rentable. Mobile beekeeping require higher investments and labor but with good climate and ecological conditions, one can achieve several times higher income than in stationary beekeeping. Some of the success in mobile beekeeping depends of the selection of hives. The hives must be designed to give the bees the best environment for work and development to be most efficient. Data was collected from 57 beekeepers that live in the district. Data analysis was conducted by using standard statistical and economic processes. Criteria for a recommended for the proposed beekeeping model were incomes and profit per hive. For effective beekeeping and production of bee products, especially honey, beekeeper must have adequate equipment and a good bee hives. Beekeeper must have transportation and additional equipment because their movement depends season on the season and distance to pasture.
文摘Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the architecture of ancient Egypt,ancient Greek architecture in Asia Minor(Lycia),and the architecture of ancient Persia.Many examples of this architectural expression remained unknown to them:the architecture of ancient and medieval India,the architecture of ancient and medieval China,the architecture of the ancient Middle East(the area of today’s Israel,Jordan,Saudi Arabia),vernacular architecture around the world from different historical periods.As a teacher at the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,the author,after switching to the education of architecture students in accordance with the“Bologna process”(2003),presented“architecture carved in the rocks”through a series of subjects,through all levels of education(undergraduate,master’s and doctoral studies),within the framework of processing narrower topics of architecture:constructive systems in architecture,bioclimatic architecture,architecture as an energy system,architecture in context.The complex process of creating architecture and explaining its appearance was elaborated by the author(1988)in his doctoral dissertation.The topic“Architecture Carved in Rocks”was elaborated according to this model,which on the one hand confirmed its applicability,and on the other hand enabled students to look at the highly dispersed appearance of architecture in an extremely systematic way,without losing sight of its basic elements:environment,man,boundaries and perspectives.The aim of this work is to show(and through examples in Bosnia and Herzegovina)that natural caves,with more or less“refining”,are still used today,and that“carving architecture into rocks”is an all-time and planetary phenomenon.
