The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.U...The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.Understanding the closure history of the Mudanjiang Ocean is crucial to unravelling the tectonic transition from the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB)to the onset of the Paleo-Pacific subduction.In this study,we investigate epidote-ferroglaucophane(Ep-Fgl)and garnet-ferrobarroisite(Grt-Fbrs)schists from the Yilan area of the Heilongjiang Complex through petrological,mineralogical,thermodynamic modelling,whole-rock geochemical,and geochronological analyses.The Ep-Fgl schists preserve a peak assemblage of ferroglaucophane+epidote+chlorite+clinopyroxene+phengite+titanite with peak P-T conditions of 13.5-15.8 kbar and 458-495℃.On the other hand,the Grt-Fbrs schists exhibit a peak assemblage of garnet+glaucophane/ferroglaucophane+lawsonite+chlorite+phengite+rutile±clinopyroxene±titanite,deriving peak P-T conditions of 16.4-18.3 kbar and 457-475℃.Both types of schist record similar clockwise P-T paths,with three metamorphic stages:a peak epidote-to-lawsonite blueschist-facies stage,a post-peak decompression stage in the epidote amphibolite-facies,and a late greenschist-facies overprint stage.The Ep-Fgl schists display alkaline OIB-like geochemical affinities,while the Grt-Fbrs schists show tholeiitic MORB-like characteristics,suggesting that the protoliths represent fragments of the Mudanjiang oceanic crust.Magmatic zircon grains from Ep-Fgl schists yield protolith ages of 276±1 Ma and 280±1 Ma,whereas zircon of Grt-Fbrs schists document protolith ages of 249±2 Ma and 248±2 Ma,indicating that the Mudanjiang Ocean existed since at least the early Permian.Reconstruction of the metamorphic P-T evolution,combined with previous magmatic and metamorphic age data from rocks of the Heilongjiang Complex and of adjacent tectonic units suggests that the subduction and eventual closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean occurred between the late Triassic and middle Jurassic,driven by a regional stress regime shift caused by the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia.展开更多
The Kadui blueschist is located in the central section of Yarlung Zangbo suture zone （YZSZ）, southern Tibet, and has been subjected to the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean below the Asian Plate and provides impor...The Kadui blueschist is located in the central section of Yarlung Zangbo suture zone （YZSZ）, southern Tibet, and has been subjected to the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean below the Asian Plate and provides important clues for better understanding the evolution of the India-Asia convergence zone. In this paper, the systematical petrographic and mineral chemical studies were carried out on the Kadui blueschist, which reveal a mineral assemblage of sodic amphibole, chlorite, epidote, albite and quartz with accessory minerals of titanite, calcite and zircon. Electron microprobe analyses demonstrate that amphibole shows zoned from actinolite core to ferrowinchite/riebeckite rim composition indicating that the sodic amphibole has formed during a prograde metamorphic event. The protolith of the blueschist is an intermediate-basic pyroclastic rock. The calculated pseudosection indicates a clockwise P-T path and constrains peak metamorphic conditions of about 5.9 kbar at 345 ℃. This condition is transitional between pumpellyite-actinolite, greenschist and blueschist facies with a burial depth of 20-22 km and a thermal gradient of 15-16 ℃/km. This thermal gradient belongs to high pressure intermediate P/T facies series and is possibly related to a warm subduction setting of young oceanic slabs. Our new findings indicate that the Kadui blueschist in the central part of YZSZ experienced a rapid subduction and exhumation process as a response to a northward subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere during the initial India-Asia collision stage.展开更多
Glaucophane in Shuangjiang area, West Yunnan Province, supplies a chance for studying south segment of Lancangjiang tectonic zone. But people are at odds as to whether two stage glaucophane exists or not, glaucophane...Glaucophane in Shuangjiang area, West Yunnan Province, supplies a chance for studying south segment of Lancangjiang tectonic zone. But people are at odds as to whether two stage glaucophane exists or not, glaucophane is the result of dynamic metamorphism later, or indicates a high P/T metamorphic belt when Paleozoic Tethys Sea closed. Authors discover in a recent research that there is only one stage glaucophane in Shuangjiang area, and three blueschist belts are distributed near N S tending, and glaucophane in Shuangjiang area is related to the eastward subduction of Changning Menglian basin.展开更多
Blueschist exposed in the northwestern Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet, western China （84 30＇ E, 34024＇ N）, provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution of Qiangtang as well as northern Tibet. The blueschi...Blueschist exposed in the northwestern Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet, western China （84 30＇ E, 34024＇ N）, provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution of Qiangtang as well as northern Tibet. The blueschist represented by lawsonite- and glaucophane-bearing assemblages equilibrated at 375-400 C and 11 kbar. 4Ar-39Ar analysis on mineral separate from one blueschist sample yielded a well-defined plateau age of 242 Ma. Geochemical studies show the blueschist is metamorphosed within-plate basalts. The high pressure-low temperature blueschist indicates a Triassic event of lithosphere subduction, and clearly represents an extension of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt, and defines an in situ suture between eastern and western Qiangtang.展开更多
Blueschist accompanied by pelitic schist expose along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault in the Toudaoqiao area, northeastern China. In this paper, the blueschist is systematically studied on the petrography and mineral chemist...Blueschist accompanied by pelitic schist expose along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault in the Toudaoqiao area, northeastern China. In this paper, the blueschist is systematically studied on the petrography and mineral chemistry. The amphiboles in the blueschist are zoned from winchite core to magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane rim to winchite outermost rim. The peak metamorphic conditions are defined by the mineral assemblage of magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane, epidote, high-Si phengite（Si〈7.1）, chlorite, albite, hematite and quartz, indicating an epidote-blueschist facies metamorphism. The P-T conditions are estimated as T=350–400 ℃ and P=10-12 kbar. The occurrence of the blueschist along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault strongly suggests the fault is the suture between the Ergun and the Xing＇an blocks situated in the eastern portions of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt（CAOB）.展开更多
The Qinghai—Xizang (Tibet) Plateau was assembled by the successive accretion of continental and arc terranes to Asia during the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and early Tertiary. From north to south, the Plateau was divided in...The Qinghai—Xizang (Tibet) Plateau was assembled by the successive accretion of continental and arc terranes to Asia during the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and early Tertiary. From north to south, the Plateau was divided into four terranes (from north to south): Songpan\|Garze, Qingtang, Lhasa and India terranes. The Qiangtang terrane was divided into two parts by Chabu\|Shuanghu suture: Northern Qiangtang and Southern Qiangtang blocks. It was believed that there is a suture as Palaeotethyan suture between the two blocks from Lungmu lake to Chabu, to Shuanghu, to Langcangjiang, but some geologists opposited this opinion, such as Wang Chengshan et al.(1987) and Deng Wanming et al.(1996). The blueschists that bear the typical glaucophane were found in the Gangmar Area in summer of 1997. The blueschists consist of glaucophane, crossite, phengite, actinolite, epidote, sphene ,rutile, and so on. Blueschists show nappe structures in enclosing rocks, and thrust over Tertiary from north to south.The age of blueschist is 275～285Ma which stand for the metamorphic age of blueschist. The geochemical contents of blueschists are the following: SiO\-2 is 45 37%～53 82%, Na 2O>K 2O, K 2O+Na 2O are 3 72%～7 61%, Na 2O/K 2O is 1 70～19 67, MnO is 0 16%～0 22%, FeO+Fe 2O 3 are 11 12%～14 27%, TiO 2 is 2 34%～4 28%, P 2O 5 is 0 34%～1 03%. From the contents, SiO 2 is inverse relation with K 2O+Na 2O, K 2O and FeO+Fe 2O 3. In the SiO 2\|K 2O+Na 2O diagram, the blueschists fall in the field of Alkali basalt; in the TiO 2\|MnO(10\|P 2O 5×10 triangular diagram, these plot within the Ocean Island Basalts(OIB) field. The whole REE content is (117 03～390 97)×10 -6 , LREE/HREE is 5 05～9 80, the REE diagram shows the feature that LREE is rich and HREE is depleted, this is similar to the OIB. In the spidergram of trace elements show the same characterristics as the OIB. Meanwhile, the trace elements ratios, such as Ba/Nb, La/Nb, Nb/Th, Nb/Y, Zr/Y, Zr/Nb, Hf/Sm, Ta/Hf, Nb/Ta, Nb/U, suggest the tectonic setting is OIB. On the basis of these materials, the blueschists are akin to within\|plate ocean island basalts. This shows that there is a ocean or oceanic basin in the Chabu\|Shuanghu belts and the formation of blueschists is the quicky subduction of the Ocean Island Basalts in Early Permian between the Gondwana and Eurasia continents. It demonstrated, therefore, that the Chabu\|Suanghu suture exists and may extend to the east to Lnagchangjiang, and may extend into Thailand\|Malaysia Peninsula.展开更多
The <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages indicate that the eclogite facies rocks of the Hasiate slice in the western Tianshan Mountains were formed at the early stage of Devonian （401 Ma） and...The <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages indicate that the eclogite facies rocks of the Hasiate slice in the western Tianshan Mountains were formed at the early stage of Devonian （401 Ma） and had been uplifted to the greenschist facies tectonic level in the middle stage of Devonian （381 Ma）. The formation and uplift of the blueschists of the Akesayi slice are constrained to the late stage of Devonian （370-364 Ma）. The different tectonic slices in the high-pressure metamorphic belt have experienced the different uplift history.展开更多
The petrology and mineral assemblages of blueschists in the Gangmar, central Qiangtang, northern Tibet were examined, which indicates that the metamorphic condition is high-pressure low-temperature. In this note, we r...The petrology and mineral assemblages of blueschists in the Gangmar, central Qiangtang, northern Tibet were examined, which indicates that the metamorphic condition is high-pressure low-temperature. In this note, we reported the 40Ar/39Ar dating results of glaucophane from two blueschist samples. Their apparent ages are (275.0±1.3) Ma and (287.6±2.3) Ma and similar isochron ages are (275.0±0.9) Ma and (282.4±0.8) Ma, respectively. These iso-topic datings show the high-pressure metamorphism occurring in Lower Permian. The ages also coincide with the evolution of Palaeo-Tethys ocean in Late Palaeozoic.展开更多
SINCE Tangbale blueschist was found in West Junggar of Xinjiang in 1983, its metamorphicage and tectonic significance have been discussed for a long time. However, no exact dat-ing has been done by now. In this note, ...SINCE Tangbale blueschist was found in West Junggar of Xinjiang in 1983, its metamorphicage and tectonic significance have been discussed for a long time. However, no exact dat-ing has been done by now. In this note, we present the <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar data of sodic amphibolesfrom the blueschists and discuss their possible geological significance.展开更多
1 Sampling background and dating means THE blueschists in the mid-Qiangtang area are situated in Guoganjianian Mt., Qoum Mt., Naro, Qiagelela, etc. They are distributed east-westward, up to 300 km long. Their northern...1 Sampling background and dating means THE blueschists in the mid-Qiangtang area are situated in Guoganjianian Mt., Qoum Mt., Naro, Qiagelela, etc. They are distributed east-westward, up to 300 km long. Their northern flank is the plate suture zone of Longmu Co-Shuanghu. The mother rocks of the blueschists are the late Carboniferous sandstones, siltstones, basalts, few sandwiching limestones, many ice-sea mix-conglomerates, etc.展开更多
Deerite [Fe 12 2+ Fe 6 3+ Si12O40 (OH)10] was first discovered in the metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites which are interlayered with blueschists in Aksu Precambrian blueschist terrane. The deerite-bearing minera...Deerite [Fe 12 2+ Fe 6 3+ Si12O40 (OH)10] was first discovered in the metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites which are interlayered with blueschists in Aksu Precambrian blueschist terrane. The deerite-bearing mineral association includes (1) deerite + riebeckite + stilpnomelane + ilvaite + magnetite + quartz and (2) deerite + stilpnomelane + magnetite +quartz based on the investigation under microscope. The study of mineral chemistry shows that the deerites from Aksu Precambrian blueschist are Mn-poor deerite similar to that from Alps. But the deerite from Aksu is the nearest to the end member of deerite. According to the equilibrium P-T region of deerite determined by Lattard and Breton (1994), the deerites in metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites from Aksu Precambrian blueschists were formed under the conditions of pressure lower than 1.0 Gpa, temperature ranging from 300 to 400°C and about the l0°C/km geothermal gradient.The deerite in metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites from Aksu blueschists is the only one Precambrian deerite reported now. This suggests that the earth began to cool, and the modern cooling subduction regime between plates started at Late Proterozoic. The Late Proterozoic may be the important period during the evolution of the earth.展开更多
Using laser 40Ar/39Ar dating method,we have gotten the metamorphic ages of lawsonite blueschist and epidote blueschist from Jiuquan,northern Qilian Mountain,NW China.The high quality laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of glaucoph...Using laser 40Ar/39Ar dating method,we have gotten the metamorphic ages of lawsonite blueschist and epidote blueschist from Jiuquan,northern Qilian Mountain,NW China.The high quality laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of glaucophane from lawsonite blueschist gives an isochron age of 413±5 Ma.The isochron age obtained from phengite in epidote blueschist is 415±7 Ma.These data,combining with peak metamorphic P-T conditions and regional geological setting,allow us to infer that the lower limit of the ages of the prograde subduction metamorphism from lawsonite blueschist facies to epidote blueschist facies occurred at ca.413-415 Ma,which also suggests that the formation of lawsonite blueschist in the northern Qilian Mountain maybe resulted from the corner flow in the cold subduction zone.This study shows that the final closing time of the northern Qilian remnant oceanic basin is about 413-415 Ma,which also represents the convergent age between the North China Craton and the Qaidam block.展开更多
The blueschists in western Yunnan Province are distributed in Lancangjiang and Ailaoshan metamorphic belts and occur as interlayer in green schist and mica schist. Their protolith is basaltic and pelitic rocks with a ...The blueschists in western Yunnan Province are distributed in Lancangjiang and Ailaoshan metamorphic belts and occur as interlayer in green schist and mica schist. Their protolith is basaltic and pelitic rocks with a mineral assemblage of Cr (or Win)+Ab+Qz+Chl+Ph+Ep+Sph+Act and Gl+Ph+Tc+Ep+Alm+Qz+Do, respectively. The P-T conditions of blueschist metamorphism range from 170—443℃ at c. 4—6. 7 kbar. The origin of blue schist of the Lancangjiang belt is related to the subduction and the close of the paleo-Tethys oceanic basin. The Ailaoshan blueschist, however, may be related to the continent continent collision and the dynamic metamorphism.展开更多
Blueschist is a regional metamorphic rock formed under high-pressure(HP)low-temperature(LT)conditions.It is formed in the subduction zone environment with low geothermal gradients(4-14℃km^(−1)),and is characterized b...Blueschist is a regional metamorphic rock formed under high-pressure(HP)low-temperature(LT)conditions.It is formed in the subduction zone environment with low geothermal gradients(4-14℃km^(−1)),and is characterized by the presence of HP/LT index minerals like glaucophane,lawsonite,aragonite,jadeite,and deerite.In general,blueschist-facies rocks are stable in subduction zones at depths of 30-60 km,and transform to eclogite-facies rocks at greater depths.The preservation of blueschists requires a fast exhumation rate.Based on protolith and tectonic setting,blueschists can be grouped into Type-A and Type-B,but some metasomatic blueschists also occur.Blueschist belts distribute mainly as bands along the margins of orogenic belts,and their occurrences within cratons are very limited.Precambrian blueschists,of which the oldest ones are about 800-700 Ma in age,are rare;most of the exposed blueschist terranes are of post-Paleozoic metamorphic age.As diagnostic evidence of ancient subduction zones,blueschist plays an important role in understanding plate tectonics.Blueschist-eclogite transition at cold subduction zones involves dehydration reactions and fluid release,which are of great importance in facilitating slab-mantle wedge water and element recycling,generating arc magmatism,and triggering intermediate-depth earthquakes in the subducting slab.Metamorphic P-T paths of blueschists and associated rocks provide key information on constraining the onset of the subduction initiation and subsequent geodynamic evolution.As a cold geothermal indicator,the emergence of blueschist offers robust evidence for the start of modern plate tectonics on the Earth.Blueschist-facies metamorphism still represents an important research direction in metamorphic geology,which requires further investigations on determining the beginning of plate tectonics,constraining phase-transition processes,and constructing a global blueschist database.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Initial subduction involves the complex process of oceanic lithosphere first inserting beneath oceanic or continental lithosphere(Chen et al.,2024;Yang et al.,2022;Stern and Gerya,2018).The modern Izu-B...0 INTRODUCTION Initial subduction involves the complex process of oceanic lithosphere first inserting beneath oceanic or continental lithosphere(Chen et al.,2024;Yang et al.,2022;Stern and Gerya,2018).The modern Izu-Bonin-Mariana(IBM)initial subduction system suggests that identifying the earliest ophiolites,arc igneous and metamorphic complexes(e.g.,blueschist,eclogites)can reconstruct ancient initial subduction systems(Yao et al.,2021;Ishizuka et al.,2011).However,knowledge of ancient subduction initiation is often limited due to poor exposures of rocks formed during the earliest stages of subduction(Chen et al.,2024;Cawood et al.,2009).展开更多
基金the support of Yajing Mao and Lingquan Zhao during the preparation of the manuscript.This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2244206).
文摘The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.Understanding the closure history of the Mudanjiang Ocean is crucial to unravelling the tectonic transition from the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB)to the onset of the Paleo-Pacific subduction.In this study,we investigate epidote-ferroglaucophane(Ep-Fgl)and garnet-ferrobarroisite(Grt-Fbrs)schists from the Yilan area of the Heilongjiang Complex through petrological,mineralogical,thermodynamic modelling,whole-rock geochemical,and geochronological analyses.The Ep-Fgl schists preserve a peak assemblage of ferroglaucophane+epidote+chlorite+clinopyroxene+phengite+titanite with peak P-T conditions of 13.5-15.8 kbar and 458-495℃.On the other hand,the Grt-Fbrs schists exhibit a peak assemblage of garnet+glaucophane/ferroglaucophane+lawsonite+chlorite+phengite+rutile±clinopyroxene±titanite,deriving peak P-T conditions of 16.4-18.3 kbar and 457-475℃.Both types of schist record similar clockwise P-T paths,with three metamorphic stages:a peak epidote-to-lawsonite blueschist-facies stage,a post-peak decompression stage in the epidote amphibolite-facies,and a late greenschist-facies overprint stage.The Ep-Fgl schists display alkaline OIB-like geochemical affinities,while the Grt-Fbrs schists show tholeiitic MORB-like characteristics,suggesting that the protoliths represent fragments of the Mudanjiang oceanic crust.Magmatic zircon grains from Ep-Fgl schists yield protolith ages of 276±1 Ma and 280±1 Ma,whereas zircon of Grt-Fbrs schists document protolith ages of 249±2 Ma and 248±2 Ma,indicating that the Mudanjiang Ocean existed since at least the early Permian.Reconstruction of the metamorphic P-T evolution,combined with previous magmatic and metamorphic age data from rocks of the Heilongjiang Complex and of adjacent tectonic units suggests that the subduction and eventual closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean occurred between the late Triassic and middle Jurassic,driven by a regional stress regime shift caused by the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41572044)the SDUST Research Fund(No.2015TDJH101)
文摘The Kadui blueschist is located in the central section of Yarlung Zangbo suture zone （YZSZ）, southern Tibet, and has been subjected to the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean below the Asian Plate and provides important clues for better understanding the evolution of the India-Asia convergence zone. In this paper, the systematical petrographic and mineral chemical studies were carried out on the Kadui blueschist, which reveal a mineral assemblage of sodic amphibole, chlorite, epidote, albite and quartz with accessory minerals of titanite, calcite and zircon. Electron microprobe analyses demonstrate that amphibole shows zoned from actinolite core to ferrowinchite/riebeckite rim composition indicating that the sodic amphibole has formed during a prograde metamorphic event. The protolith of the blueschist is an intermediate-basic pyroclastic rock. The calculated pseudosection indicates a clockwise P-T path and constrains peak metamorphic conditions of about 5.9 kbar at 345 ℃. This condition is transitional between pumpellyite-actinolite, greenschist and blueschist facies with a burial depth of 20-22 km and a thermal gradient of 15-16 ℃/km. This thermal gradient belongs to high pressure intermediate P/T facies series and is possibly related to a warm subduction setting of young oceanic slabs. Our new findings indicate that the Kadui blueschist in the central part of YZSZ experienced a rapid subduction and exhumation process as a response to a northward subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere during the initial India-Asia collision stage.
文摘Glaucophane in Shuangjiang area, West Yunnan Province, supplies a chance for studying south segment of Lancangjiang tectonic zone. But people are at odds as to whether two stage glaucophane exists or not, glaucophane is the result of dynamic metamorphism later, or indicates a high P/T metamorphic belt when Paleozoic Tethys Sea closed. Authors discover in a recent research that there is only one stage glaucophane in Shuangjiang area, and three blueschist belts are distributed near N S tending, and glaucophane in Shuangjiang area is related to the eastward subduction of Changning Menglian basin.
文摘Blueschist exposed in the northwestern Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet, western China （84 30＇ E, 34024＇ N）, provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution of Qiangtang as well as northern Tibet. The blueschist represented by lawsonite- and glaucophane-bearing assemblages equilibrated at 375-400 C and 11 kbar. 4Ar-39Ar analysis on mineral separate from one blueschist sample yielded a well-defined plateau age of 242 Ma. Geochemical studies show the blueschist is metamorphosed within-plate basalts. The high pressure-low temperature blueschist indicates a Triassic event of lithosphere subduction, and clearly represents an extension of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt, and defines an in situ suture between eastern and western Qiangtang.
基金supported by 973 program (No.2013CB429802) to Y.J.Liuthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41302175) to W.M.LiJilin University and JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Nos.17340149, 24340124) to A.Takasu, Shimane University, Japan
文摘Blueschist accompanied by pelitic schist expose along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault in the Toudaoqiao area, northeastern China. In this paper, the blueschist is systematically studied on the petrography and mineral chemistry. The amphiboles in the blueschist are zoned from winchite core to magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane rim to winchite outermost rim. The peak metamorphic conditions are defined by the mineral assemblage of magnesioriebeckite/glaucophane, epidote, high-Si phengite（Si〈7.1）, chlorite, albite, hematite and quartz, indicating an epidote-blueschist facies metamorphism. The P-T conditions are estimated as T=350–400 ℃ and P=10-12 kbar. The occurrence of the blueschist along the Xinlin-Xiguitu fault strongly suggests the fault is the suture between the Ergun and the Xing＇an blocks situated in the eastern portions of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt（CAOB）.
文摘The Qinghai—Xizang (Tibet) Plateau was assembled by the successive accretion of continental and arc terranes to Asia during the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and early Tertiary. From north to south, the Plateau was divided into four terranes (from north to south): Songpan\|Garze, Qingtang, Lhasa and India terranes. The Qiangtang terrane was divided into two parts by Chabu\|Shuanghu suture: Northern Qiangtang and Southern Qiangtang blocks. It was believed that there is a suture as Palaeotethyan suture between the two blocks from Lungmu lake to Chabu, to Shuanghu, to Langcangjiang, but some geologists opposited this opinion, such as Wang Chengshan et al.(1987) and Deng Wanming et al.(1996). The blueschists that bear the typical glaucophane were found in the Gangmar Area in summer of 1997. The blueschists consist of glaucophane, crossite, phengite, actinolite, epidote, sphene ,rutile, and so on. Blueschists show nappe structures in enclosing rocks, and thrust over Tertiary from north to south.The age of blueschist is 275～285Ma which stand for the metamorphic age of blueschist. The geochemical contents of blueschists are the following: SiO\-2 is 45 37%～53 82%, Na 2O>K 2O, K 2O+Na 2O are 3 72%～7 61%, Na 2O/K 2O is 1 70～19 67, MnO is 0 16%～0 22%, FeO+Fe 2O 3 are 11 12%～14 27%, TiO 2 is 2 34%～4 28%, P 2O 5 is 0 34%～1 03%. From the contents, SiO 2 is inverse relation with K 2O+Na 2O, K 2O and FeO+Fe 2O 3. In the SiO 2\|K 2O+Na 2O diagram, the blueschists fall in the field of Alkali basalt; in the TiO 2\|MnO(10\|P 2O 5×10 triangular diagram, these plot within the Ocean Island Basalts(OIB) field. The whole REE content is (117 03～390 97)×10 -6 , LREE/HREE is 5 05～9 80, the REE diagram shows the feature that LREE is rich and HREE is depleted, this is similar to the OIB. In the spidergram of trace elements show the same characterristics as the OIB. Meanwhile, the trace elements ratios, such as Ba/Nb, La/Nb, Nb/Th, Nb/Y, Zr/Y, Zr/Nb, Hf/Sm, Ta/Hf, Nb/Ta, Nb/U, suggest the tectonic setting is OIB. On the basis of these materials, the blueschists are akin to within\|plate ocean island basalts. This shows that there is a ocean or oceanic basin in the Chabu\|Shuanghu belts and the formation of blueschists is the quicky subduction of the Ocean Island Basalts in Early Permian between the Gondwana and Eurasia continents. It demonstrated, therefore, that the Chabu\|Suanghu suture exists and may extend to the east to Lnagchangjiang, and may extend into Thailand\|Malaysia Peninsula.
文摘The <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages indicate that the eclogite facies rocks of the Hasiate slice in the western Tianshan Mountains were formed at the early stage of Devonian （401 Ma） and had been uplifted to the greenschist facies tectonic level in the middle stage of Devonian （381 Ma）. The formation and uplift of the blueschists of the Akesayi slice are constrained to the late stage of Devonian （370-364 Ma）. The different tectonic slices in the high-pressure metamorphic belt have experienced the different uplift history.
基金the National Key Basic Research Project (Grant No. G1998040800) the CAS's Key Basic Research Project for the Tibetan Plateau (Grant Nos. KZ951-A1-204 and KZ95T-06).
文摘The petrology and mineral assemblages of blueschists in the Gangmar, central Qiangtang, northern Tibet were examined, which indicates that the metamorphic condition is high-pressure low-temperature. In this note, we reported the 40Ar/39Ar dating results of glaucophane from two blueschist samples. Their apparent ages are (275.0±1.3) Ma and (287.6±2.3) Ma and similar isochron ages are (275.0±0.9) Ma and (282.4±0.8) Ma, respectively. These iso-topic datings show the high-pressure metamorphism occurring in Lower Permian. The ages also coincide with the evolution of Palaeo-Tethys ocean in Late Palaeozoic.
文摘SINCE Tangbale blueschist was found in West Junggar of Xinjiang in 1983, its metamorphicage and tectonic significance have been discussed for a long time. However, no exact dat-ing has been done by now. In this note, we present the <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar data of sodic amphibolesfrom the blueschists and discuss their possible geological significance.
文摘1 Sampling background and dating means THE blueschists in the mid-Qiangtang area are situated in Guoganjianian Mt., Qoum Mt., Naro, Qiagelela, etc. They are distributed east-westward, up to 300 km long. Their northern flank is the plate suture zone of Longmu Co-Shuanghu. The mother rocks of the blueschists are the late Carboniferous sandstones, siltstones, basalts, few sandwiching limestones, many ice-sea mix-conglomerates, etc.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49572157 and 49772103).
文摘Deerite [Fe 12 2+ Fe 6 3+ Si12O40 (OH)10] was first discovered in the metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites which are interlayered with blueschists in Aksu Precambrian blueschist terrane. The deerite-bearing mineral association includes (1) deerite + riebeckite + stilpnomelane + ilvaite + magnetite + quartz and (2) deerite + stilpnomelane + magnetite +quartz based on the investigation under microscope. The study of mineral chemistry shows that the deerites from Aksu Precambrian blueschist are Mn-poor deerite similar to that from Alps. But the deerite from Aksu is the nearest to the end member of deerite. According to the equilibrium P-T region of deerite determined by Lattard and Breton (1994), the deerites in metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites from Aksu Precambrian blueschists were formed under the conditions of pressure lower than 1.0 Gpa, temperature ranging from 300 to 400°C and about the l0°C/km geothermal gradient.The deerite in metamorphic magnetite-bearing quartzites from Aksu blueschists is the only one Precambrian deerite reported now. This suggests that the earth began to cool, and the modern cooling subduction regime between plates started at Late Proterozoic. The Late Proterozoic may be the important period during the evolution of the earth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40821002)the National Basic Research Pro-gram of China (2009CB825007)
文摘Using laser 40Ar/39Ar dating method,we have gotten the metamorphic ages of lawsonite blueschist and epidote blueschist from Jiuquan,northern Qilian Mountain,NW China.The high quality laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of glaucophane from lawsonite blueschist gives an isochron age of 413±5 Ma.The isochron age obtained from phengite in epidote blueschist is 415±7 Ma.These data,combining with peak metamorphic P-T conditions and regional geological setting,allow us to infer that the lower limit of the ages of the prograde subduction metamorphism from lawsonite blueschist facies to epidote blueschist facies occurred at ca.413-415 Ma,which also suggests that the formation of lawsonite blueschist in the northern Qilian Mountain maybe resulted from the corner flow in the cold subduction zone.This study shows that the final closing time of the northern Qilian remnant oceanic basin is about 413-415 Ma,which also represents the convergent age between the North China Craton and the Qaidam block.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The blueschists in western Yunnan Province are distributed in Lancangjiang and Ailaoshan metamorphic belts and occur as interlayer in green schist and mica schist. Their protolith is basaltic and pelitic rocks with a mineral assemblage of Cr (or Win)+Ab+Qz+Chl+Ph+Ep+Sph+Act and Gl+Ph+Tc+Ep+Alm+Qz+Do, respectively. The P-T conditions of blueschist metamorphism range from 170—443℃ at c. 4—6. 7 kbar. The origin of blue schist of the Lancangjiang belt is related to the subduction and the close of the paleo-Tethys oceanic basin. The Ailaoshan blueschist, however, may be related to the continent continent collision and the dynamic metamorphism.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41772056&41972060)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Grant No.2018090).
文摘Blueschist is a regional metamorphic rock formed under high-pressure(HP)low-temperature(LT)conditions.It is formed in the subduction zone environment with low geothermal gradients(4-14℃km^(−1)),and is characterized by the presence of HP/LT index minerals like glaucophane,lawsonite,aragonite,jadeite,and deerite.In general,blueschist-facies rocks are stable in subduction zones at depths of 30-60 km,and transform to eclogite-facies rocks at greater depths.The preservation of blueschists requires a fast exhumation rate.Based on protolith and tectonic setting,blueschists can be grouped into Type-A and Type-B,but some metasomatic blueschists also occur.Blueschist belts distribute mainly as bands along the margins of orogenic belts,and their occurrences within cratons are very limited.Precambrian blueschists,of which the oldest ones are about 800-700 Ma in age,are rare;most of the exposed blueschist terranes are of post-Paleozoic metamorphic age.As diagnostic evidence of ancient subduction zones,blueschist plays an important role in understanding plate tectonics.Blueschist-eclogite transition at cold subduction zones involves dehydration reactions and fluid release,which are of great importance in facilitating slab-mantle wedge water and element recycling,generating arc magmatism,and triggering intermediate-depth earthquakes in the subducting slab.Metamorphic P-T paths of blueschists and associated rocks provide key information on constraining the onset of the subduction initiation and subsequent geodynamic evolution.As a cold geothermal indicator,the emergence of blueschist offers robust evidence for the start of modern plate tectonics on the Earth.Blueschist-facies metamorphism still represents an important research direction in metamorphic geology,which requires further investigations on determining the beginning of plate tectonics,constraining phase-transition processes,and constructing a global blueschist database.
基金supported by the special fund of the State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration(No.KFDM2025203)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2025-MS-037)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41972234)support provided by the China Scholarship Council(No.202306080045)the Geological Society Research Grants-Mike Coward Fund.
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Initial subduction involves the complex process of oceanic lithosphere first inserting beneath oceanic or continental lithosphere(Chen et al.,2024;Yang et al.,2022;Stern and Gerya,2018).The modern Izu-Bonin-Mariana(IBM)initial subduction system suggests that identifying the earliest ophiolites,arc igneous and metamorphic complexes(e.g.,blueschist,eclogites)can reconstruct ancient initial subduction systems(Yao et al.,2021;Ishizuka et al.,2011).However,knowledge of ancient subduction initiation is often limited due to poor exposures of rocks formed during the earliest stages of subduction(Chen et al.,2024;Cawood et al.,2009).
