With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes rely...With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes relying on untrusted third-party auditors suffer from both security and efficiency issues,while existing decentralized blockchain-based auditing solutions still face shortcomings in correctness and security.This paper proposes an improved blockchain-based cloud auditing scheme,with the following core contributions:Identifying critical logical contradictions in the original scheme,thereby establishing the foundation for the correctness of cloud auditing;Designing an enhanced mechanism that integrates multiple hashing with dynamic aggregate signatures,binding encrypted blocks through bilinear pairings and BLS signatures,and improving the scheme by setting parameters based on the Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH)problem,significantly strengthening data integrity protection and anti-forgery capabilities;Introducing a random challenge mechanism and dynamic parameter adjustment strategy,effectively resisting various attacks such as forgery,tampering,and deletion,significantly improving the detection probability of malicious Cloud Service Providers(CSPs),and significantly reducing the proof generation overhead for CSPswhilemaintaining the same computational cost forDataOwners.Theoretical analysis and performance evaluation experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significant improvements in both security and efficiency.Finally,the paper explores potential applications of the Enhanced Security Scheme in fields such as healthcare,drone swarms,and government office attendance systems,providing an effective approach for building secure,efficient,and decentralized cloud auditing systems.展开更多
6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,faul...6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,fault detection is investigated in this paper.Considering the fast response and low timeand-computational consumption,it is the first time that the Online Broad Learning System(OBLS)is applied to identify outages in cellular networks.In addition,the Automatic-constructed Online Broad Learning System(AOBLS)is put forward to rationalize its structure and consequently avoid over-fitting and under-fitting.Furthermore,a multi-layer classification structure is proposed to further improve the classification performance.To face the challenges caused by imbalanced data in fault detection problems,a novel weighting strategy is derived to achieve the Multilayer Automatic-constructed Weighted Online Broad Learning System(MAWOBLS)and ensemble learning with retrained Support Vector Machine(SVM),denoted as EMAWOBLS,for superior treatment with this imbalance issue.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance in detecting faults with satisfactory time usage.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of taurine against dihydrotestosterone(DHT)-induced androgenetic alopecia(AGA)in male C57BL/6 mice,w...Objective This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of taurine against dihydrotestosterone(DHT)-induced androgenetic alopecia(AGA)in male C57BL/6 mice,with a focus on hair follicle cycle modulation,cellular proliferation/apoptosis,and key related signaling pathways.Methods Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were initially used to assess the hair growth-promoting potential of taurine.After acclimatization,they were randomly assigned to three groups(n=8):control(regular drinking water),taurine(drinking water containing 1%taurine),and minoxidil(topical 2%minoxidil,positive control).For the AGA study,male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups(n=8):control(physiological saline),DHT(model group,1 mg/d DHT),DHT+low-dose taurine(1 mg/d DHT+2 mg/d taurine),DHT+high-dose taurine(1 mg/d DHT+10 mg/d taurine),and DHT+minoxidil(positive control,1 mg/d DHT+topical 2%minoxidil).One day before treatment initiation,dorsal hair was shaved with scissors,and residual hair was removed using a depilatory cream.DHT and taurine were administered via daily intraperitoneal injection.Hair regrowth was assessed by photographing the depilated area at regular intervals and quantified using a four-point grading system(0-3).Dorsal skin samples were collected on day 14 for histological analysis(H&E staining),immunofluorescence staining(Ki67 for proliferation,TUNEL for apoptosis),ELISA(DHT quantification),RT-qPCR,and Western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of key genes and proteins(androgen receptor(AR),transforming growth factor(TGF)‑β1,TGF‑β2,Dickkopf-1(DKK1)).Results In female mice,taurine supplementation significantly accelerated hair growth,with effects comparable to minoxidil.This was evidenced by an earlier transition from pink(telogen)to black(anagen)skin and increased hair growth scores.Histological analysis showed that taurine increased hair follicle count and dermal thickness.Immunofluorescence confirmed enhanced keratinocyte proliferation in the hair matrix.In the DHTinduced AGA model,DHT significantly extended the telogen phase,inhibited hair growth,increased skin DHT content,and induced hair follicle miniaturization.Taurine treatment,particularly at the high dose,effectively counteracted these effects:it promoted the telogen-to-anagen transition and improved hair growth scores.Histomorphometric analysis showed that taurine significantly restored DHT-induced reductions in dermal thickness,hair follicle count,hair bulb depth,and follicle size.Taurine treatment also reduced apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of hair follicle cells,as demonstrated by Ki67 and TUNEL assays.Crucially,RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses revealed that DHT significantly up-regulated the expression of AR,TGF‑β1,TGF‑β2,and DKK1 at both mRNA and protein levels in dorsal skin.Taurine administration markedly down-regulated the expression of these pathogenic factors,bringing them closer to the levels observed in the control group.Conclusion Taurine demonstrates significant efficacy in alleviating DHT-induced AGA in male C57BL/6 mice.Its protective effects are mediated through multi-faceted mechanisms.(1)Promoting hair follicle cycle progression:it accelerates the transition from telogen to anagen,counteracting DHT-induced prolongation of the telogen phase.(2)Modulating cellular dynamics:it stimulates the proliferation of hair matrix keratinocytes and reduces DHT-induced apoptosis within hair follicle cells.(3)Suppressing androgen-driven pathogenic pathways:it downregulates the expression of critical molecules in the AGA pathway,including AR,the cytokines TGF-β1 and TGF-β2,and the Wnt pathway inhibitor DKK1.Given its favorable safety profile and multi-targeted action,taurine emerges as a promising novel therapeutic candidate or adjunct for treating AGA.Further investigation into its clinical potential and precise molecular mechanisms is warranted.This study provides a robust preclinical foundation for considering taurine supplementation or topical application in hair loss management strategies.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(New Design and Analysis of Fully Homomorphic Signatures,Grant No.62172436).
文摘With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes relying on untrusted third-party auditors suffer from both security and efficiency issues,while existing decentralized blockchain-based auditing solutions still face shortcomings in correctness and security.This paper proposes an improved blockchain-based cloud auditing scheme,with the following core contributions:Identifying critical logical contradictions in the original scheme,thereby establishing the foundation for the correctness of cloud auditing;Designing an enhanced mechanism that integrates multiple hashing with dynamic aggregate signatures,binding encrypted blocks through bilinear pairings and BLS signatures,and improving the scheme by setting parameters based on the Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH)problem,significantly strengthening data integrity protection and anti-forgery capabilities;Introducing a random challenge mechanism and dynamic parameter adjustment strategy,effectively resisting various attacks such as forgery,tampering,and deletion,significantly improving the detection probability of malicious Cloud Service Providers(CSPs),and significantly reducing the proof generation overhead for CSPswhilemaintaining the same computational cost forDataOwners.Theoretical analysis and performance evaluation experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significant improvements in both security and efficiency.Finally,the paper explores potential applications of the Enhanced Security Scheme in fields such as healthcare,drone swarms,and government office attendance systems,providing an effective approach for building secure,efficient,and decentralized cloud auditing systems.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Project under Grant 2020YFB1806805partially funded through a grant from Qualcomm。
文摘6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,fault detection is investigated in this paper.Considering the fast response and low timeand-computational consumption,it is the first time that the Online Broad Learning System(OBLS)is applied to identify outages in cellular networks.In addition,the Automatic-constructed Online Broad Learning System(AOBLS)is put forward to rationalize its structure and consequently avoid over-fitting and under-fitting.Furthermore,a multi-layer classification structure is proposed to further improve the classification performance.To face the challenges caused by imbalanced data in fault detection problems,a novel weighting strategy is derived to achieve the Multilayer Automatic-constructed Weighted Online Broad Learning System(MAWOBLS)and ensemble learning with retrained Support Vector Machine(SVM),denoted as EMAWOBLS,for superior treatment with this imbalance issue.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance in detecting faults with satisfactory time usage.
基金supported by grants from The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772690)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(201701D121106)PhD Research Startup Foundation of Changzhi Medical College(BS202308)。
文摘Objective This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of taurine against dihydrotestosterone(DHT)-induced androgenetic alopecia(AGA)in male C57BL/6 mice,with a focus on hair follicle cycle modulation,cellular proliferation/apoptosis,and key related signaling pathways.Methods Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were initially used to assess the hair growth-promoting potential of taurine.After acclimatization,they were randomly assigned to three groups(n=8):control(regular drinking water),taurine(drinking water containing 1%taurine),and minoxidil(topical 2%minoxidil,positive control).For the AGA study,male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups(n=8):control(physiological saline),DHT(model group,1 mg/d DHT),DHT+low-dose taurine(1 mg/d DHT+2 mg/d taurine),DHT+high-dose taurine(1 mg/d DHT+10 mg/d taurine),and DHT+minoxidil(positive control,1 mg/d DHT+topical 2%minoxidil).One day before treatment initiation,dorsal hair was shaved with scissors,and residual hair was removed using a depilatory cream.DHT and taurine were administered via daily intraperitoneal injection.Hair regrowth was assessed by photographing the depilated area at regular intervals and quantified using a four-point grading system(0-3).Dorsal skin samples were collected on day 14 for histological analysis(H&E staining),immunofluorescence staining(Ki67 for proliferation,TUNEL for apoptosis),ELISA(DHT quantification),RT-qPCR,and Western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of key genes and proteins(androgen receptor(AR),transforming growth factor(TGF)‑β1,TGF‑β2,Dickkopf-1(DKK1)).Results In female mice,taurine supplementation significantly accelerated hair growth,with effects comparable to minoxidil.This was evidenced by an earlier transition from pink(telogen)to black(anagen)skin and increased hair growth scores.Histological analysis showed that taurine increased hair follicle count and dermal thickness.Immunofluorescence confirmed enhanced keratinocyte proliferation in the hair matrix.In the DHTinduced AGA model,DHT significantly extended the telogen phase,inhibited hair growth,increased skin DHT content,and induced hair follicle miniaturization.Taurine treatment,particularly at the high dose,effectively counteracted these effects:it promoted the telogen-to-anagen transition and improved hair growth scores.Histomorphometric analysis showed that taurine significantly restored DHT-induced reductions in dermal thickness,hair follicle count,hair bulb depth,and follicle size.Taurine treatment also reduced apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of hair follicle cells,as demonstrated by Ki67 and TUNEL assays.Crucially,RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses revealed that DHT significantly up-regulated the expression of AR,TGF‑β1,TGF‑β2,and DKK1 at both mRNA and protein levels in dorsal skin.Taurine administration markedly down-regulated the expression of these pathogenic factors,bringing them closer to the levels observed in the control group.Conclusion Taurine demonstrates significant efficacy in alleviating DHT-induced AGA in male C57BL/6 mice.Its protective effects are mediated through multi-faceted mechanisms.(1)Promoting hair follicle cycle progression:it accelerates the transition from telogen to anagen,counteracting DHT-induced prolongation of the telogen phase.(2)Modulating cellular dynamics:it stimulates the proliferation of hair matrix keratinocytes and reduces DHT-induced apoptosis within hair follicle cells.(3)Suppressing androgen-driven pathogenic pathways:it downregulates the expression of critical molecules in the AGA pathway,including AR,the cytokines TGF-β1 and TGF-β2,and the Wnt pathway inhibitor DKK1.Given its favorable safety profile and multi-targeted action,taurine emerges as a promising novel therapeutic candidate or adjunct for treating AGA.Further investigation into its clinical potential and precise molecular mechanisms is warranted.This study provides a robust preclinical foundation for considering taurine supplementation or topical application in hair loss management strategies.
