Well-spread meiotic pachytene bivalents were obtained by using the prolonged hypotonic treatment com-bined with high chloroform Carnory’s fixative solution from cells of the testes of domestic pigs. Comparison in the...Well-spread meiotic pachytene bivalents were obtained by using the prolonged hypotonic treatment com-bined with high chloroform Carnory’s fixative solution from cells of the testes of domestic pigs. Comparison in the division index and length of pachytene bivalents with metaphase chromosomes showed that those of the former are 5 times higher and 3.42(1.87-5.98) times longer than those of the latter. Comparative studies on chromomere maps of bivalents and mitotic chromosomal G-bands were conducted by using the chromo-some 12 as a example. Sex vesicle and various shapes of synaptic sex chromosomes have been observed.Two-color PRimed IN Situ (PRINS) labeling has been conducted successfully on pachytene bivalents of pigs.展开更多
IN our previous studies, we have used in situ nick translation techniques for analysis of DNaseⅠ sensitivity and restriction enzymes in situ cleavage on pachytene bivalents of rice-field eels(Monopterus albus Zuiew)....IN our previous studies, we have used in situ nick translation techniques for analysis of DNaseⅠ sensitivity and restriction enzymes in situ cleavage on pachytene bivalents of rice-field eels(Monopterus albus Zuiew). A characteristic construction of bivalents--"the lampbrush-likechromosome", which has not been reported yet, was detected in some pachytene bivalents.展开更多
Well spread pachytene bivalents with high-resolution multiple bands of zebrafish were obtained after the testes were treated with alkaline hypotonic solution and high chloroform fixative solution.This might be the pat...Well spread pachytene bivalents with high-resolution multiple bands of zebrafish were obtained after the testes were treated with alkaline hypotonic solution and high chloroform fixative solution.This might be the pattern with the largest number of multiple bands obtained from fish chromosomes so far published.Both the number and character of the bands in each bivalent were stable.According to the principles of ISCN(1978)and ISCN(1981),an idiogram of 599 bands was set up,and the detailed description of the landmark system and the band positions were given.展开更多
Well spread pachytene bivalents and high resolution G-handing patterns have been obtainedby using the prolonged hypotonic treatment combined with the trypsin-hot salt banding technique in the sper-maries of rice field...Well spread pachytene bivalents and high resolution G-handing patterns have been obtainedby using the prolonged hypotonic treatment combined with the trypsin-hot salt banding technique in the sper-maries of rice field eels(Monopterus albus Zuiew).Each bivalent has been idendified and a total of 310—450 bands on 12 bivalents observed.This might bethe largest number of multiple bands obtained from fish chromosomes so far published.An idiogram of 372G-bands has been set up and detailed descriptions of the landmark systems and the band positions have beengiven.展开更多
Heterodimerization in RTKs is of vital importance in the RTK signaling and cell functions.Heterodimerization between RTKs can result in diversity of downstream signals,increasing the ability of cells to respond to ext...Heterodimerization in RTKs is of vital importance in the RTK signaling and cell functions.Heterodimerization between RTKs can result in diversity of downstream signals,increasing the ability of cells to respond to external experiments.Traditional RTKs heterodimerization always occur in the same families and is lack of agonists to activate the heterodimeric RTKs signaling pathway.Herein,we developed the DNA agonist based on bivalent aptamers for the heterodimerized RTKs of different families,AF/AM-1,which could simultaneously activate FGFR1 and c-Met signaling.It is the first agonist that realizing the heterodimerization and activation of FGFR1 and c-Met,two different RTK families.The activation of FGFR1/c-Met heterodimer result in the down-stream signals transduction,such as the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk,inducing the cell migration and proliferation.The DNA agonist for RTK heterodimer of different families would have potential applications in the fields of biomedicine.展开更多
Artificially induced tetraploid Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, produces more aneuploid gametes than nor- mal diploid one, although they showed a comparable fecundity to diploidy. The meiotic chromosome co...Artificially induced tetraploid Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, produces more aneuploid gametes than nor- mal diploid one, although they showed a comparable fecundity to diploidy. The meiotic chromosome configuration of 3 tetraploid and 1 tetraploid/triploid mosaic males were analyzed through direct chromosome observation. A majority of metaphase I spermato- cytes contained both bivalents and quadrivalents. The chromosome configuration of these males was characterized by preferential formation of bivalents to quadrivalents. Bivalents appeared in all spermatocytes and consisted of 86% of all chromosome aggregates. In comparison, quadrivalents occurred in 91% spermatocytes and consisted of only 12.6% of all chromosome aggregates. The mean bivalent frequency per spermatocyte varied between 14.4 and 17.2; while that of quadrivalents varied between 2.2 and 2.7. Most quadrivalents were tandemly chained （58%） or circled （39%）. The total number of chromosome aggregates per spermatocyte ranged from 13 to 20 with an average of 17.6; while 18 （16 bivalents and 2 quadrivalents） was the most frequent. Univalents and trivalents appeared in very low frequency. Aneuploid （hypotetraploid） spermatocytes were observed in a low frequency. The chromosome con- figuration of in the mosaic individual was similar to that of tetraploid individuals. The percentage of triploid spermatocytes （2%） of the mosaic individual was significantly lower （2＂2 =30, P〈 0.01） than that of triploid cells （46%） in its somatic tissue.展开更多
Vibrio scophthalmi and Aeromonas salmonicida can cause high turbot mortality and huge economic losses.Presently,vaccination is the most promising method for preventing communicable diseases.In this study,we used forma...Vibrio scophthalmi and Aeromonas salmonicida can cause high turbot mortality and huge economic losses.Presently,vaccination is the most promising method for preventing communicable diseases.In this study,we used formalin to kill V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida cells,and mixed with the mineralized oil adjuvant(Montanide^(TM)ISA 763 AVG)to prepare the bivalent inactivated vaccine.The results showed that turbot inoculated with the bivalent inactivated vaccine exhibited strong tolerance to the infection of V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida,and no obvious clinical symptoms and pathological changes were observed.The activities of enzymes lysozyme,acid phosphatase and complement C3 had significantly increased after the vaccination.The antibody titer response of vaccinated turbot was greatly boosted,which was positively connected with the immunological impact according to ELISA results.Simultaneously,the expression levels of immune-related genes such as MHC-IIα,MHC-IIβ,CD4,CD8,TNF-αand IL^(-1)βwere up-regulated,demonstrating that it might stimulate humoral and cellular immunological response in turbot.These findings highlight the potential of the bivalent inactivated vaccine for controlling V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida infections in turbot.展开更多
The role of bivalent cations and choline in ATP induced apoptosis via P2Z purinoceptor was investigated in human leukemic lymphocytes. In vitro exposure of leukemic lymphocytes with P2Z rec...The role of bivalent cations and choline in ATP induced apoptosis via P2Z purinoceptor was investigated in human leukemic lymphocytes. In vitro exposure of leukemic lymphocytes with P2Z receptors to 1 mmol/L ATP or 0 1 mmol/L benzoylbenzoic ATP(BzATP) for 8 h in the presence of choline, 1 mmol/L Mg 2+ or other bivalent cations, and ATP induced DNA breaks, associated with apoptosis were quantified by TdT assay. We observed that (1) Extracellular Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ stimulated ATP induced DNA fragmentation in a dose dependent manner, and the compatible evidence was provided by the inhibition of ATP induced DNA fragmentation in the present of EGTA or EDTA; (2) ATP induced DNA fragmentation was completely inhibited by 1 mmol/L Zn 2+ ;(3)ATP induced DNA breaks were not affected by Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , Co 2+ when they were substituted for extracellular Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ ;(4)Choline, an inhibitor of phospholipase D(PLD) stimulated by ATP through P2Z receptor in human lymphocytes, was also a partial inhibitor of ATP induced DNA fragmentation, and the results were confirmed by flow cytometric analysis (FCA); (5)ATP induced DNA fragmentation was completely obliterated when the temperature was lower than 10℃. These results suggest that the endonuclease and PLD may be involved in ATP induced apoptosis in human lymphocytes via P2Z receptor.展开更多
Solid phase exchange radioiodination method was used to label the compound.Pharmacokinetics was studied in rats and the data were dealt with by computer. The results indicate that the compound would be a potential myo...Solid phase exchange radioiodination method was used to label the compound.Pharmacokinetics was studied in rats and the data were dealt with by computer. The results indicate that the compound would be a potential myocardial imaging agent.展开更多
A-form DNA is one of the biologically active double helical structure.The study of A-DNA structure has an extensive application for developing the field of DNA packaging in biotechnology.In aqueous solution,the A-DNA ...A-form DNA is one of the biologically active double helical structure.The study of A-DNA structure has an extensive application for developing the field of DNA packaging in biotechnology.In aqueous solution,the A-DNA structure will have a free transformation,the A-DNA structure will be translated into B-form structure with the evolution of time,and eventually stabilized in the B-DNA structure.To explore the stability function of the bivalent metal ions on the A-DNA structure,a series of molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on the A-DNA of sequence(CCCGGCCGGG).The results show that bivalent metal ions(Mg^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ca^(2+))generate a great effect on the structural stability of A-DNA in the environment of high concentration.As the interaction between metal ions and electronegative DNA chains,the stability of A-DNA in solution is gradually improved with the increasing solution concentration of ions.In metal salt solution with high concentration,metal ions can be easily distributed in the solvation shells around the phosphate groups and further lead to the formation of shorter and more compact DNA structure.Also,under the condition of the same concentration and valency of the metal ions,the stability of A-DNA structure is different.The calculations indicate that the structure of A-DNA in CaCl_(2)solution is less stable than in MgCl_(2)and ZnCl_(2)solution.展开更多
Huntington’s disease（HD）is a currently incurable,late onset,progressive,ultimately fatal neurological disorder（Bates et al.,2015）.We have recently published the results of comprehensive genetic interaction tests ...Huntington’s disease（HD）is a currently incurable,late onset,progressive,ultimately fatal neurological disorder（Bates et al.,2015）.We have recently published the results of comprehensive genetic interaction tests aimed at identification of histone methyltransferases and demethylases involved in HD pathogenesis in a Drosophila model of the disease（Song et al.,2018）.展开更多
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are threatening avian pathogens that can cause serious respiratory diseases in poultry worldwide. Vaccination, combined with strict biosecurity practices,...Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are threatening avian pathogens that can cause serious respiratory diseases in poultry worldwide. Vaccination, combined with strict biosecurity practices, has been the recommendation for controlling these diseases in the field. In the present study, we generated NDV LaSota vaccine strain-based recombinant viruses expressing the glycoprotein (G) of aMPV, subtype A or B, using reverse genetics technology. These recombinant viruses, rLS/aMPV-A G and rLS/aMPV-B G, were characterized in cell cultures and evaluated in turkeys as bivalent, next-generation vaccines. The results showed that these recombinant vaccine candi-dates were slightly attenuated in vivo, yet maintained similar growth dynamics, cytopathic effects, and virus titers in vitro when compared to the parental LaSota virus. The expression of the aMPV G protein in recombinant virus-infected cells was detected by immunofluorescence. Vaccination of turkeys with rLS/aMPV-A G or rLS/aMPV-B G conferred complete protection against velogenic NDV, CA02 strain challenge and partial protection against homologous patho-genic aMPV challenge. These results suggest that the LaSota recombinant virus is a safe and effective vaccine vector and expression of the G protein alone is not sufficient to provide full protection against aMPV-A or -B infections. Ex-pression of other aMPV-A or -B virus immunogenic protein(s) individually or in conjunction with the G protein may be necessary to induce stronger and more protective immunity against aMPV diseases.展开更多
The relations between catalytic activities and compositions of the systems Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xMg_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Cd_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4 and Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4·0.17Fe_2O_3 have been studied ...The relations between catalytic activities and compositions of the systems Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xMg_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Cd_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4 and Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4·0.17Fe_2O_3 have been studied by flow differential reactor, XRD, and derivative IR techniques. It has been found that the appropriate normal-inverse spinel combination substantially increases the activity for the title raction. The structure of the active site and the role of the bivalent cation in the title catalyst have been inferred.展开更多
Study of physisorbed and chemisorbed carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) species was carried out on the NaX zeolite modified by cationic exchanges with bivalent cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Ba<s...Study of physisorbed and chemisorbed carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) species was carried out on the NaX zeolite modified by cationic exchanges with bivalent cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Ba<sup>2+</sup>) by temperature-programmed desorption of CO<sub>2</sub> (CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD). Others results were obtained by infrared to complete the study. The results of this research showed, in the physisorption region (213 - 473 K), that the cationic exchanges on NaX zeolite with bivalent cations increase slightly the interactions of CO<sub>2</sub> molecule with adsorbents and/or cationic site. Indeed, the desorption energies of physisorbed CO<sub>2</sub> obtained on the reference zeolite NaX (13.5 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>) are lower than that of exchanged zeolites E-CaX and E-BaX (15.77 and 15.17 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup> respectively). In the chemisorbed CO<sub>2</sub> region (573 - 873 K), the desorption energies related to desorbed species (bidentate carbonates: CO<sub>3</sub>2-</sup>) on the exchanged zeolites E-CaX and E-BaX are about 81 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>, higher than the desorbed species (bicarbonates: HCO<sub>3</sub>2-</sup>) on the reference R-NaX (62 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, the exchanged E-BaX zeolite develops the secondary adsorption sites corresponding to bicarbonates species with desorption energies of 35 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup> lower to desorption energies of bicarbonates noted on the reference zeolite NaX.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome(HFRS) bivalent vaccine in field.Methods The articles on effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine were retrieved from Vip Database,China Jo...Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome(HFRS) bivalent vaccine in field.Methods The articles on effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine were retrieved from Vip Database,China Journal Full-text Database,Wanfang database,China Hospital Knowledge Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,MEDLINE and ProQuest.Two persons extracted data and evaluated the quality of data together for meta-analysis.Results Seven articles were included into the analysis,and two articles were random clinical trials,five were quasi-trials.Meta-analysis showed that the overall effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine was 85%(95%confidence interval:53%-95%) within one year after vaccination,and the effectiveness in two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients was 87%(95%confidence interval:54%-96%) and 60%,respectively;it was 96%(95%confidence interval:78%-99%) within 2-5 years after vaccination,and the effectiveness in two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients was 95%(95%confidence interval:19%-100%) and 96%(95%confidence interval:70%-99%),respectively;it was 100%(only one article included) within 6-9.6 years after vaccination.The effectiveness in two-dose recipients was 88%(95%confidence interval:62%-96%) during 1-2.5 years after vaccination,and that in three-dose recipients was 94%(95%confidence interval:70%-99%) during 1-5 years after vaccination.Conclusions HFRS bivalent vaccine is effective in field,and there is no difference between two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients.We should do some further studies on the long-term effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine and on the age of vaccine reception.展开更多
The Z 10 and Z 37 strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus and the Mongolian gerbil ( Merions unguiculatus ) kidney cells were used to prepare the inactivated bivalent vaccine. A phase Ⅱ clinical...The Z 10 and Z 37 strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus and the Mongolian gerbil ( Merions unguiculatus ) kidney cells were used to prepare the inactivated bivalent vaccine. A phase Ⅱ clinical trial use of this vaccine was made in 750 Chinese volunteers. The results showed that the side reaction rate was 2.5% and the sero-conversion rate of neutralizing antibodies against Hantaan and Seoul viruses in the inoculated volunteers were 87.6% and 96.3% respectively.展开更多
The maintenance of stem cells within the root meristem is the foundation for the continuous growth of the root system.The PLETHORA(PLT)transcription factors control root meristem patterning,but the underlying molecula...The maintenance of stem cells within the root meristem is the foundation for the continuous growth of the root system.The PLETHORA(PLT)transcription factors control root meristem patterning,but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we show that rice PLT3,PLT4,and PLT5 promote a repressive chromatin state to maintain stem cell fate in the root meristem.We demonstrated that PLT5 interacts with Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2),which deposits the repressive mark H3K27me3,and the histone demethylase JMJ703,which removes the active mark H3K4me3 in rice root meristem cells.In addition,JMJ703 itself associates with PRC2 proteins.We found that loss of PLT3,PLT4,and PLT5 function results in decreased PRC2 association H3K27me3,increased H3K4me3,and upregulated expression of genes decorated with the two marks in the root meristem.Further analyses revealed that PLT interactions with PRC2 and JMJ703 enhance the H3K27me3/H3K4me3 ratio at a set of bivalent genes,thereby maintaining their silent state.Taken together,these results uncover a chromatin mechanism by which PLTs control the stem cell fate in the rice root meristem.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disorder occurring with articular cartilage degradation.It includes a switch from an articularto a growth plate chondrocyte phenotype.Here,we investigated the histone modi...Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disorder occurring with articular cartilage degradation.It includes a switch from an articularto a growth plate chondrocyte phenotype.Here,we investigated the histone modification profiles and found significant H3K27me3 loss inOA,which led to disease-associated gene expression.Surprisingly,these genes were occupied by both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in normalchondrocytes,showing a poised bivalent state.Furthermore,we observed the derepression of similar bivalent genes in growth platechondrocytes.Finally,a KDM6B inhibitor GSK-J4 prevented the H3K27me3 loss and cartilage damage in the rat OA model.Our resultsreveal an inherited bivalent epigenetic signature on developmental genes that makes articular chondrocytes prone to hypertrophy andcontributes to a promising epigenetic therapy for OA.展开更多
Human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination administered before viral exposure(i.e.,prior to sexual debut)effectively prevents infection with vaccine-type HPV strains and associated diseases,including cervical cancer.To adva...Human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination administered before viral exposure(i.e.,prior to sexual debut)effectively prevents infection with vaccine-type HPV strains and associated diseases,including cervical cancer.To advance HPV vaccination efforts and cervical cancer prevention,China has incorporated the bivalent HPV vaccine(types 16/18)into its National Immunization Program(NIP)as a program vaccine.This Policy Note presents comprehensive technical and implementation guidelines for HPV vaccine deployment,encompassing guidance development methodology,target population definition,routine vaccination schedules,catch-up vaccination protocols,implementation strategies,vaccine coverage and adverse event monitoring plans,and anticipated implementation challenges with proposed mitigation measures.The Vaccine Technical Working Groups of the China CDC developed relevant technical recommendations and guidelines,which were officially issued in November 2025.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of National Basic Research and Developmental Plan(G2000016103)of Chinathe National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(39925027)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(39570519)the International Foundation for Science(IFS,B/2425-2F).
文摘Well-spread meiotic pachytene bivalents were obtained by using the prolonged hypotonic treatment com-bined with high chloroform Carnory’s fixative solution from cells of the testes of domestic pigs. Comparison in the division index and length of pachytene bivalents with metaphase chromosomes showed that those of the former are 5 times higher and 3.42(1.87-5.98) times longer than those of the latter. Comparative studies on chromomere maps of bivalents and mitotic chromosomal G-bands were conducted by using the chromo-some 12 as a example. Sex vesicle and various shapes of synaptic sex chromosomes have been observed.Two-color PRimed IN Situ (PRINS) labeling has been conducted successfully on pachytene bivalents of pigs.
文摘IN our previous studies, we have used in situ nick translation techniques for analysis of DNaseⅠ sensitivity and restriction enzymes in situ cleavage on pachytene bivalents of rice-field eels(Monopterus albus Zuiew). A characteristic construction of bivalents--"the lampbrush-likechromosome", which has not been reported yet, was detected in some pachytene bivalents.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30170508&39970406)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program Foundation of Higher Education(Grant No.98048628).
文摘Well spread pachytene bivalents with high-resolution multiple bands of zebrafish were obtained after the testes were treated with alkaline hypotonic solution and high chloroform fixative solution.This might be the pattern with the largest number of multiple bands obtained from fish chromosomes so far published.Both the number and character of the bands in each bivalent were stable.According to the principles of ISCN(1978)and ISCN(1981),an idiogram of 599 bands was set up,and the detailed description of the landmark system and the band positions were given.
基金the National Doctorate Research Foundation of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Well spread pachytene bivalents and high resolution G-handing patterns have been obtainedby using the prolonged hypotonic treatment combined with the trypsin-hot salt banding technique in the sper-maries of rice field eels(Monopterus albus Zuiew).Each bivalent has been idendified and a total of 310—450 bands on 12 bivalents observed.This might bethe largest number of multiple bands obtained from fish chromosomes so far published.An idiogram of 372G-bands has been set up and detailed descriptions of the landmark systems and the band positions have beengiven.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22104158,82174104,U1903211)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2021JJ40041)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515011346)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.SZBH202130)。
文摘Heterodimerization in RTKs is of vital importance in the RTK signaling and cell functions.Heterodimerization between RTKs can result in diversity of downstream signals,increasing the ability of cells to respond to external experiments.Traditional RTKs heterodimerization always occur in the same families and is lack of agonists to activate the heterodimeric RTKs signaling pathway.Herein,we developed the DNA agonist based on bivalent aptamers for the heterodimerized RTKs of different families,AF/AM-1,which could simultaneously activate FGFR1 and c-Met signaling.It is the first agonist that realizing the heterodimerization and activation of FGFR1 and c-Met,two different RTK families.The activation of FGFR1/c-Met heterodimer result in the down-stream signals transduction,such as the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk,inducing the cell migration and proliferation.The DNA agonist for RTK heterodimer of different families would have potential applications in the fields of biomedicine.
文摘Artificially induced tetraploid Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, produces more aneuploid gametes than nor- mal diploid one, although they showed a comparable fecundity to diploidy. The meiotic chromosome configuration of 3 tetraploid and 1 tetraploid/triploid mosaic males were analyzed through direct chromosome observation. A majority of metaphase I spermato- cytes contained both bivalents and quadrivalents. The chromosome configuration of these males was characterized by preferential formation of bivalents to quadrivalents. Bivalents appeared in all spermatocytes and consisted of 86% of all chromosome aggregates. In comparison, quadrivalents occurred in 91% spermatocytes and consisted of only 12.6% of all chromosome aggregates. The mean bivalent frequency per spermatocyte varied between 14.4 and 17.2; while that of quadrivalents varied between 2.2 and 2.7. Most quadrivalents were tandemly chained （58%） or circled （39%）. The total number of chromosome aggregates per spermatocyte ranged from 13 to 20 with an average of 17.6; while 18 （16 bivalents and 2 quadrivalents） was the most frequent. Univalents and trivalents appeared in very low frequency. Aneuploid （hypotetraploid） spermatocytes were observed in a low frequency. The chromosome con- figuration of in the mosaic individual was similar to that of tetraploid individuals. The percentage of triploid spermatocytes （2%） of the mosaic individual was significantly lower （2＂2 =30, P〈 0.01） than that of triploid cells （46%） in its somatic tissue.
基金supported by the Fish Innovation Team of Shandong Agriculture Research System (No. SDAIT-1206)the Aquatic Animal Immunologic Agents Engineering Research Center of Shandong Province, the Qingdao Agricultural University Doctoral Start-Up Fund (6631122030)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32002421)the Advanced Talents Foundation of QAU (No. 6651118016)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2019BC009)the ‘First-Class Fishery Discipline’ program of Shandong Province, the special top talent plan ‘One Thing One Decision (Yi Shi Yi Yi)’the Key Research and Development Program in Shandong Province (No. 2018YFJH0703)Breeding Plan of Shandong Provincial Qingchuang Research Team (2019)
文摘Vibrio scophthalmi and Aeromonas salmonicida can cause high turbot mortality and huge economic losses.Presently,vaccination is the most promising method for preventing communicable diseases.In this study,we used formalin to kill V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida cells,and mixed with the mineralized oil adjuvant(Montanide^(TM)ISA 763 AVG)to prepare the bivalent inactivated vaccine.The results showed that turbot inoculated with the bivalent inactivated vaccine exhibited strong tolerance to the infection of V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida,and no obvious clinical symptoms and pathological changes were observed.The activities of enzymes lysozyme,acid phosphatase and complement C3 had significantly increased after the vaccination.The antibody titer response of vaccinated turbot was greatly boosted,which was positively connected with the immunological impact according to ELISA results.Simultaneously,the expression levels of immune-related genes such as MHC-IIα,MHC-IIβ,CD4,CD8,TNF-αand IL^(-1)βwere up-regulated,demonstrating that it might stimulate humoral and cellular immunological response in turbot.These findings highlight the potential of the bivalent inactivated vaccine for controlling V.scophthalmi and A.salmonicida infections in turbot.
文摘The role of bivalent cations and choline in ATP induced apoptosis via P2Z purinoceptor was investigated in human leukemic lymphocytes. In vitro exposure of leukemic lymphocytes with P2Z receptors to 1 mmol/L ATP or 0 1 mmol/L benzoylbenzoic ATP(BzATP) for 8 h in the presence of choline, 1 mmol/L Mg 2+ or other bivalent cations, and ATP induced DNA breaks, associated with apoptosis were quantified by TdT assay. We observed that (1) Extracellular Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ stimulated ATP induced DNA fragmentation in a dose dependent manner, and the compatible evidence was provided by the inhibition of ATP induced DNA fragmentation in the present of EGTA or EDTA; (2) ATP induced DNA fragmentation was completely inhibited by 1 mmol/L Zn 2+ ;(3)ATP induced DNA breaks were not affected by Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , Co 2+ when they were substituted for extracellular Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ ;(4)Choline, an inhibitor of phospholipase D(PLD) stimulated by ATP through P2Z receptor in human lymphocytes, was also a partial inhibitor of ATP induced DNA fragmentation, and the results were confirmed by flow cytometric analysis (FCA); (5)ATP induced DNA fragmentation was completely obliterated when the temperature was lower than 10℃. These results suggest that the endonuclease and PLD may be involved in ATP induced apoptosis in human lymphocytes via P2Z receptor.
文摘Solid phase exchange radioiodination method was used to label the compound.Pharmacokinetics was studied in rats and the data were dealt with by computer. The results indicate that the compound would be a potential myocardial imaging agent.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11564015)the Foundation of Educational Committee of Jiangxi Province,China(Grant No.GJJ211112)the Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University(Grant No.2015QN-BJRC002)。
文摘A-form DNA is one of the biologically active double helical structure.The study of A-DNA structure has an extensive application for developing the field of DNA packaging in biotechnology.In aqueous solution,the A-DNA structure will have a free transformation,the A-DNA structure will be translated into B-form structure with the evolution of time,and eventually stabilized in the B-DNA structure.To explore the stability function of the bivalent metal ions on the A-DNA structure,a series of molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on the A-DNA of sequence(CCCGGCCGGG).The results show that bivalent metal ions(Mg^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ca^(2+))generate a great effect on the structural stability of A-DNA in the environment of high concentration.As the interaction between metal ions and electronegative DNA chains,the stability of A-DNA in solution is gradually improved with the increasing solution concentration of ions.In metal salt solution with high concentration,metal ions can be easily distributed in the solvation shells around the phosphate groups and further lead to the formation of shorter and more compact DNA structure.Also,under the condition of the same concentration and valency of the metal ions,the stability of A-DNA structure is different.The calculations indicate that the structure of A-DNA in CaCl_(2)solution is less stable than in MgCl_(2)and ZnCl_(2)solution.
基金supported by Hungarian National Research,Development and Innovation Office(NKFIH) grants K-112294GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00032 and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00034 to LB
文摘Huntington’s disease（HD）is a currently incurable,late onset,progressive,ultimately fatal neurological disorder（Bates et al.,2015）.We have recently published the results of comprehensive genetic interaction tests aimed at identification of histone methyltransferases and demethylases involved in HD pathogenesis in a Drosophila model of the disease（Song et al.,2018）.
文摘Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are threatening avian pathogens that can cause serious respiratory diseases in poultry worldwide. Vaccination, combined with strict biosecurity practices, has been the recommendation for controlling these diseases in the field. In the present study, we generated NDV LaSota vaccine strain-based recombinant viruses expressing the glycoprotein (G) of aMPV, subtype A or B, using reverse genetics technology. These recombinant viruses, rLS/aMPV-A G and rLS/aMPV-B G, were characterized in cell cultures and evaluated in turkeys as bivalent, next-generation vaccines. The results showed that these recombinant vaccine candi-dates were slightly attenuated in vivo, yet maintained similar growth dynamics, cytopathic effects, and virus titers in vitro when compared to the parental LaSota virus. The expression of the aMPV G protein in recombinant virus-infected cells was detected by immunofluorescence. Vaccination of turkeys with rLS/aMPV-A G or rLS/aMPV-B G conferred complete protection against velogenic NDV, CA02 strain challenge and partial protection against homologous patho-genic aMPV challenge. These results suggest that the LaSota recombinant virus is a safe and effective vaccine vector and expression of the G protein alone is not sufficient to provide full protection against aMPV-A or -B infections. Ex-pression of other aMPV-A or -B virus immunogenic protein(s) individually or in conjunction with the G protein may be necessary to induce stronger and more protective immunity against aMPV diseases.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China.
文摘The relations between catalytic activities and compositions of the systems Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Co_xMg_(1-x)Fe_2O_4, Cd_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4 and Mg_xZn_(1-x)Fe_2O_4·0.17Fe_2O_3 have been studied by flow differential reactor, XRD, and derivative IR techniques. It has been found that the appropriate normal-inverse spinel combination substantially increases the activity for the title raction. The structure of the active site and the role of the bivalent cation in the title catalyst have been inferred.
文摘Study of physisorbed and chemisorbed carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) species was carried out on the NaX zeolite modified by cationic exchanges with bivalent cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Ba<sup>2+</sup>) by temperature-programmed desorption of CO<sub>2</sub> (CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD). Others results were obtained by infrared to complete the study. The results of this research showed, in the physisorption region (213 - 473 K), that the cationic exchanges on NaX zeolite with bivalent cations increase slightly the interactions of CO<sub>2</sub> molecule with adsorbents and/or cationic site. Indeed, the desorption energies of physisorbed CO<sub>2</sub> obtained on the reference zeolite NaX (13.5 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>) are lower than that of exchanged zeolites E-CaX and E-BaX (15.77 and 15.17 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup> respectively). In the chemisorbed CO<sub>2</sub> region (573 - 873 K), the desorption energies related to desorbed species (bidentate carbonates: CO<sub>3</sub>2-</sup>) on the exchanged zeolites E-CaX and E-BaX are about 81 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>, higher than the desorbed species (bicarbonates: HCO<sub>3</sub>2-</sup>) on the reference R-NaX (62 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, the exchanged E-BaX zeolite develops the secondary adsorption sites corresponding to bicarbonates species with desorption energies of 35 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup> lower to desorption energies of bicarbonates noted on the reference zeolite NaX.
文摘Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome(HFRS) bivalent vaccine in field.Methods The articles on effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine were retrieved from Vip Database,China Journal Full-text Database,Wanfang database,China Hospital Knowledge Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,MEDLINE and ProQuest.Two persons extracted data and evaluated the quality of data together for meta-analysis.Results Seven articles were included into the analysis,and two articles were random clinical trials,five were quasi-trials.Meta-analysis showed that the overall effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine was 85%(95%confidence interval:53%-95%) within one year after vaccination,and the effectiveness in two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients was 87%(95%confidence interval:54%-96%) and 60%,respectively;it was 96%(95%confidence interval:78%-99%) within 2-5 years after vaccination,and the effectiveness in two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients was 95%(95%confidence interval:19%-100%) and 96%(95%confidence interval:70%-99%),respectively;it was 100%(only one article included) within 6-9.6 years after vaccination.The effectiveness in two-dose recipients was 88%(95%confidence interval:62%-96%) during 1-2.5 years after vaccination,and that in three-dose recipients was 94%(95%confidence interval:70%-99%) during 1-5 years after vaccination.Conclusions HFRS bivalent vaccine is effective in field,and there is no difference between two-dose recipients and three-dose recipients.We should do some further studies on the long-term effectiveness of HFRS bivalent vaccine and on the age of vaccine reception.
文摘The Z 10 and Z 37 strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus and the Mongolian gerbil ( Merions unguiculatus ) kidney cells were used to prepare the inactivated bivalent vaccine. A phase Ⅱ clinical trial use of this vaccine was made in 750 Chinese volunteers. The results showed that the side reaction rate was 2.5% and the sero-conversion rate of neutralizing antibodies against Hantaan and Seoul viruses in the inoculated volunteers were 87.6% and 96.3% respectively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(324700359 and 32470307)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(2016RC003,2662025SKPY002,and 2662015PY228)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Program of Hubei Province(2024AFE001)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-01)Fujian Provincial Middle-aged and Young Teachers Education Research Project(JAT241023).
文摘The maintenance of stem cells within the root meristem is the foundation for the continuous growth of the root system.The PLETHORA(PLT)transcription factors control root meristem patterning,but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we show that rice PLT3,PLT4,and PLT5 promote a repressive chromatin state to maintain stem cell fate in the root meristem.We demonstrated that PLT5 interacts with Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2),which deposits the repressive mark H3K27me3,and the histone demethylase JMJ703,which removes the active mark H3K4me3 in rice root meristem cells.In addition,JMJ703 itself associates with PRC2 proteins.We found that loss of PLT3,PLT4,and PLT5 function results in decreased PRC2 association H3K27me3,increased H3K4me3,and upregulated expression of genes decorated with the two marks in the root meristem.Further analyses revealed that PLT interactions with PRC2 and JMJ703 enhance the H3K27me3/H3K4me3 ratio at a set of bivalent genes,thereby maintaining their silent state.Taken together,these results uncover a chromatin mechanism by which PLTs control the stem cell fate in the rice root meristem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20280,81874027)Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1607,2021YFSY0003,2022YFS0051,2022NSFSC1312)+1 种基金Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions(312200102)Clinical Research Incubation project of West China Hospital of Sichuan University(2021HXFH036)。
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disorder occurring with articular cartilage degradation.It includes a switch from an articularto a growth plate chondrocyte phenotype.Here,we investigated the histone modification profiles and found significant H3K27me3 loss inOA,which led to disease-associated gene expression.Surprisingly,these genes were occupied by both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in normalchondrocytes,showing a poised bivalent state.Furthermore,we observed the derepression of similar bivalent genes in growth platechondrocytes.Finally,a KDM6B inhibitor GSK-J4 prevented the H3K27me3 loss and cartilage damage in the rat OA model.Our resultsreveal an inherited bivalent epigenetic signature on developmental genes that makes articular chondrocytes prone to hypertrophy andcontributes to a promising epigenetic therapy for OA.
文摘Human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination administered before viral exposure(i.e.,prior to sexual debut)effectively prevents infection with vaccine-type HPV strains and associated diseases,including cervical cancer.To advance HPV vaccination efforts and cervical cancer prevention,China has incorporated the bivalent HPV vaccine(types 16/18)into its National Immunization Program(NIP)as a program vaccine.This Policy Note presents comprehensive technical and implementation guidelines for HPV vaccine deployment,encompassing guidance development methodology,target population definition,routine vaccination schedules,catch-up vaccination protocols,implementation strategies,vaccine coverage and adverse event monitoring plans,and anticipated implementation challenges with proposed mitigation measures.The Vaccine Technical Working Groups of the China CDC developed relevant technical recommendations and guidelines,which were officially issued in November 2025.
