Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical back...Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical backdrop[1].These challenges threatenglobal health,environmental stability,and national security,demanding robust biological risk governance[1,2].Central to this effort are the intertwined concepts of biosafety and biosecurity.Although these concepts have traditionally been distinguished-biosafety addressing unintentional risks and biosecurity targeting deliberate misuse-they share the fundamental goal of mitigating biological risks[3,4].展开更多
Emerging viruses are viruses whose occurrence has risen within the past twenty years,or whose presence is likely to increase in the near future.Diseases caused by emerging viruses are a major threat to global public h...Emerging viruses are viruses whose occurrence has risen within the past twenty years,or whose presence is likely to increase in the near future.Diseases caused by emerging viruses are a major threat to global public health.In spite of greater awareness of safety and containment procedures,the handling of pathogenic viruses remains a likely source of infection,and mortality,among laboratory workers.There is a steady increase in both the number of laboratories and scientist handling emerging viruses for diagnostics and research.The potential for harm associated to work with these infectious agents can be minimized through the application of sound biosafety concepts and practices.The main factors to the prevention of laboratory-acquired infection are well-trained personnel who are knowledgable and biohazard aware,who are perceptive of the various ways of transmission,and who are professional in safe laboratory practice management.In addition,we should emphasize that appropriate facilities,practices and procedures are to be used by the laboratory workers for the handling of emerging viruses in a safe and secure manner.This review is aimed at providing researchers and laboratory personnel with basic biosafety principles to protect themselves from exposure to emerging viruses while working in the laboratory.This paper focuses on what emerging viruses are,why emerging viruses can cause laboratory-acquired infection,how to assess the risk of working with emerging viruses,and how laboratory-acquired infection can be prevented.Control measures used in the laboratory designed as such that they protect workers from emerging viruses and safeguard the public through the safe disposal of infectious wastes are also addressed.展开更多
High-purity magnesium(HP Mg)and Mg-1Ca,as representations of Mg-matrix implants produced by purifying and alloying,are employed in biomedical applications primarily because of their bioactivity and degradability.The s...High-purity magnesium(HP Mg)and Mg-1Ca,as representations of Mg-matrix implants produced by purifying and alloying,are employed in biomedical applications primarily because of their bioactivity and degradability.The superiority of both degradation properties,the match between degradation and osteo-genesis in vivo,and biosafety are critical problems that will decide future purifying or alloying to construct Mg-based implants and promote clinical translation.The present study investigated the benefits and limitations of degradation behavior and biosafety of HP Mg and Mg-1Ca according to the electro-chemical experiment,hydrogen evolution test,immersion test,and in vivo bone implantation assay.The results indicated that due to its Mg 2 Ca phase,Mg-1Ca exhibited a considerably higher corrosion current density and hydrogen production than HP Mg in vitro.Furthermore,HP Mg and Mg-1Ca display a favorable match between their degradation and the surrounding osteogenesis,resulting in no significant variation in degradation in vivo during 26 weeks.Additionally,the implantation and degradation of HP Mg and Mg-1Ca do not result in major organ dysfunction or pathological abnormalities.This work is expected to lay the foundation for future clinical translation of Mg and Mg alloy orthopedic implants.展开更多
AIM:To assess the biosafety of a poly(acrylamide-cosodium acrylate)hydrogel(PAH)as a 3D-printed intraocular lens(IOL)material.METHODS:The biosafety of PAH was first evaluated in vitro using human lens epithelial cells...AIM:To assess the biosafety of a poly(acrylamide-cosodium acrylate)hydrogel(PAH)as a 3D-printed intraocular lens(IOL)material.METHODS:The biosafety of PAH was first evaluated in vitro using human lens epithelial cells(LECs)and the ARPE19 cell line,and a cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was performed to investigate alterations in cell proliferation.A thin film of PAH and a conventional IOL were intraocularly implanted into the eyes of New Zealand white rabbits respectively,and a sham surgery served as control group.The anterior segment photographs,intraocular pressure(IOP),blood parameters and electroretinograms(ERG)were recorded.Inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor,such as TNFαand IL-8,were examined by ELISA.Cell apoptosis of the retina was investigated by TUNEL assay,and macro PAHge activation was detected by immunostaining.RESULTS:PAH did not slow cell proliferation when cocultured with human LECs or ARPE19 cells.The implantation of a thin film of a 3 D-printed IOL composed of PAH did not affect the IOP,blood parameters,ERG or optical structure in any of the three experimental groups(n=3 for each).Both TNFαand IL-8 in the aqueous humor of PAH group were transiently elevated 1 wk post-operation and recovered to normal levels at 1 and 3 mo post-operation.Iba1+macroPAHges in the anterior chamber angle in PAH group were increased markedly compared to those of the control group;however,there was no significant difference compared to those in the IOL group.CONCLUSION:PAH is a safe material for 3D printing of personal IOLs that hold great potential for future clinical applications.展开更多
At the end of 2019,the novel coronavirus infection outbroke in Wuhan,Hubei Province.On Feb.2,2020,Wuhan,as the worst-hit region,began to build“shelter hospital”rapidly to treat patients with mild ilness.The shelter ...At the end of 2019,the novel coronavirus infection outbroke in Wuhan,Hubei Province.On Feb.2,2020,Wuhan,as the worst-hit region,began to build“shelter hospital”rapidly to treat patients with mild ilness.The shelter hospital has multiple functions such as emergency treatment,surgical treatment and clinical test,which can adapt to emergency medical rescue tasks.Based on the characteristics that shelter hospital only treats patients with mild ilness,tests of shelter laboratory,including coronavirus nucleic acid detection,IgM/IgG antibody serology detection,monitoring and auxiliary diagnosis and/or a required blood routine,urine routine,C-reactive protein,calcitonin original,biochemical indicators(liver enzymes,myocardial enzymes,renal function,etc.)and blood coagulation function test etc,were used to provide important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.In order to ensure laboratory biosafety,it is necessary to first evaluate the harm level of various specimens.In the laboratory biosafety management,the harm level assessment of microorganisms is the core work of biosafety,which is of great significance to guarantee biosafety.As an emergency deployment afcted by the environment,shelter laboratory must possess strong mobility.This paper will explore how to combine the biosafety model of traditional laboratory with the particularity of shelter laboratory to carry out effective work in response to the current epidemic.展开更多
On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ru...On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain;and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.展开更多
Ebola virus disease reemerged in Western Africa in 2014.Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention dispatched the first Ebola virus（EBOV）detection team to run newly established Sierra Leone-China Friendship B...Ebola virus disease reemerged in Western Africa in 2014.Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention dispatched the first Ebola virus（EBOV）detection team to run newly established Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory.The aims of study were to understand epidemiology,clinical manifestations and survival time of EBOV in patient＇s blood.A total of 913specimens were tested between March 11 and April20, 2015. EBOV positivity occurred in 7.37% of the blood and 0.53% in throat swabs.展开更多
Concern about the biological hazards involved in microbiological research, especially research involving laboratory animals, has increased in recent years. Working in an animal biosafety level 2 facility （ABSL-2）, c...Concern about the biological hazards involved in microbiological research, especially research involving laboratory animals, has increased in recent years. Working in an animal biosafety level 2 facility （ABSL-2）, commonly used for research on infectious diseases, poses various biological hazards. Here, the regulations and standards related to laboratory biosafety in China are introduced, the potential biological hazards present in ABSL-2 facilities are analyzed, and a series of strategies to control the hazards are presented.展开更多
To stndy the fundamental characteristics and biosafety of the compound bone morphogenetic protein （ BMP ） and rhBMP- 2/CPC , and to provide a theoretical basis for the compound biologically active artificial bone ma...To stndy the fundamental characteristics and biosafety of the compound bone morphogenetic protein （ BMP ） and rhBMP- 2/CPC , and to provide a theoretical basis for the compound biologically active artificial bone made of calcium phosphate cement （CPC） and bone morphogenetic protein, simplex CPC was taken as the control group, and the compound with the blending ratio of 1g CPC to 5mg rhBMP-2 was taken as the experimentation group to determine the setting time, compressive, strength, acute toxicological and sub acute toxicological properties. The osteogenic characteristic of compound rhBMP- 2/CPC was measured by making animal model of radio discontinuous defect. The setting time of the two groups meets the clinical requirements, and the compressive strength of the solidified body of bone cement increases along with increasing the immersion time. Compound rhBMP- 2/ CPC has a favorable ostengenic characteristic for animal model of radio discontinuous deject. The fundamental characteristics of the compound rhBMP- 2 phosphate bone cement are basically the same as that of CPC, and also have a favorable biosafety and osteogenesis.展开更多
In a previous study, we used natural butterfly wings as a cell growth matrix for tissue engineering materials and found that the surface of different butterfly wings had different ultramicrostructures, which can affec...In a previous study, we used natural butterfly wings as a cell growth matrix for tissue engineering materials and found that the surface of different butterfly wings had different ultramicrostructures, which can affect the qualitative growth of cells and regulate cell growth, metabolism, and gene expression. However, the biocompatibility and biosafety of butterfly wings must be studied. In this study, we found that Sprague-Dawley rat dorsal root ganglion neurons could grow along the structural stripes of butterfly wings, and Schwann cells could normally attach to and proliferate on different species of butterfly wings. The biocompatibility and biosafety of butterfly wings were further examined through subcutaneous implantation in Sprague-Dawley rats, intraperitoneal injection in Institute of Cancer Research mice, intradermal injection in rabbits, and external application to guinea pigs. Our results showed that butterfly wings did not induce toxicity, and all examined animals exhibited normal behaviors and no symptoms, such as erythema or edema. These findings suggested that butterfly wings possess excellent biocompatibility and biosafety and can be used as a type of tissue engineering material. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province of China(approval No. 20190303-18) on March 3, 2019.展开更多
IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically mo...IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically modified organisms(GMOs),such as,genetically modified crops,genetically modified food,regulation of the release of展开更多
IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically mo...IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically modified organisms(GMOs),such as,genetically modified crops,genetically modified food,展开更多
Background: Several related accidents occur in the laboratories due to insufficient regulation, inappropriate implementation of safety measures or unawareness attitude and practice toward safety precaution. Biosafety ...Background: Several related accidents occur in the laboratories due to insufficient regulation, inappropriate implementation of safety measures or unawareness attitude and practice toward safety precaution. Biosafety is a tool through which we are managing safety and security related to any kinds of hazards that may be either to the human, animals, plants and environment as well. We can implement good laboratory practice to minimize the risk while performing any kind of test procedures, either handling to the samples like blood and other body fluids which is playing important role for infections and transmissible diseases. If we will provide facilities and training to the lab personnel, then we can protect public, agriculture, and the environment from which is leading cause of infections as well as hazards such as biological, chemical, electrical and glassware. For achieving effective and necessary biosafety and security, it should make sure that any unauthorized person is not able to handle, process, transport to minimize loss and misuse of the any kind of hazards especially biohazards. Therefore, it’s highly recommended to make an international system to avoid any kind of biosafety related issues. Objective: Because biosafety is an important element in quality management system (QMS) and it is a fundamental tool for compliance with accreditation and certification standards, the aim of this study was to assess the practices of lab personnel towards biosafety measures in their laboratories. Method: The study was cross-sectional study that conducted among 70 laboratories by use of structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by using statistical package for social science (SPSS). Result: Among 70 laboratories, 2 (3%) were appointing a biosafety officer, 16 (23%) have fire detection system and fire alarm system, and 20 (29%) of all laboratories were provided by fire extinguisher. Among provision of personnel protection, 56 (80%) always wearied lab coat and gloves, 35 (79%) wearied masks (surgical mask) with low availability of safety goggles and eye shield. Vaccination for hepatitis B virus identified in 40 (57%) of the laboratories. In 41 (59%) of laboratories, the cleaning personnel were not aware about optimal handlers of biohazard in the laboratory. 20 (29%) of all laboratories have exit door and 43 (61%) were used biological safety cabinet. Availability of sharp container and color-coded biohazard bags were found in about 60% (86%), 55 (79%);safe disposal policies were found in 49 (70%) of laboratories. Discussion: Biosafety measures and practices in Sudan need to be restructured if we target to achieve good laboratory practices as well as safe environmental testing for clinical human samples. Recommendation: There are a great need to establish and implement biosafety precaution program included in government and private clinical laboratory in Sudan.展开更多
With detailed analysis and research on biosafety,it is found that biosafety has an important role and occupies a key position in relation to universitiesJ laboratories.It is also one of the most important components o...With detailed analysis and research on biosafety,it is found that biosafety has an important role and occupies a key position in relation to universitiesJ laboratories.It is also one of the most important components of the safe construction and management of laboratories.At the same time,biosafety and life safety of teachers and students enable orderly and smooth teaching in which they are closely linked.If the biosafety of a university's laboratory has problems,inevitably there would be huge threats to the university itself,teachers,and students.Hence,in order to ensure that laboratories are biologically safe,it is necessary to find out the existing problems,develop flawless solutions and strategies,establish reasonable laboratory safety systems,and strengthen the laboratory protection facilities.Hence,problems pertaining this issue would be properly solved.This article analyzes and studies the construction of a biosafety system in school laboratories for future references.展开更多
Diagnostic laboratories play a crucial role in surveillance and epidemic preparedness.However,gaps in adherence to biosecurity and biosafety protocols in managing,isolating,storing,and disposing of infec-tious pathoge...Diagnostic laboratories play a crucial role in surveillance and epidemic preparedness.However,gaps in adherence to biosecurity and biosafety protocols in managing,isolating,storing,and disposing of infec-tious pathogens in these facilities pose a serious risk to the laboratory,local populations,and the sur-rounding environment.In this study,we evaluated adherence to biosecurity and biosafety protocols in 96 public and private biomedical and veterinary laboratories in Benin to identify and address such gaps.We followed a cross-sectional study design.We used the Biosafety and Biosecurity in Laboratory Tool to assess biomedical laboratories and the Laboratory Mapping Tool to assess veterinary laboratories.Data were collected using KoBoCollect and analyzed with R software version 4.0.5.Descriptive analysis,the chi-squared test,and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The findings revealed that most laboratories did not comply with established guidelines.Of all laboratories surveyed,42%presented a very high risk,38%a high risk,15%moderate risk,and 5%were low risk.Overall,80%of biomedical lab-oratories and 100%of veterinary laboratories were rated high risk.To improve effective biosecurity prac-tices in laboratories in Benin to an acceptable standard,it is essential to implement robust biosecurity and biosafety policies.Additionally,capacity-building sessions should be conducted for laboratory staff and managers to educate them on the latest biosecurity protocols.展开更多
Dear Editor,The evolving situation of the dairy cow H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)outbreaks(clade 2.3.4.4b)first identified in the USA in early 2024 has stimulated consideration of avian influ-enza pande...Dear Editor,The evolving situation of the dairy cow H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)outbreaks(clade 2.3.4.4b)first identified in the USA in early 2024 has stimulated consideration of avian influ-enza pandemic preparedness.1 Recent experience during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic demonstrated that early mobilisation of labora-tory resources for rapid diagnostic testing is crucial for an effective response.Assessment of laboratory bio-risk in dealing with sam-ples containing viruses with pandemic potential,is a key but fre-quently overlooked consideration,which has often been performed cursorily either due to lack of resources,understanding or time.The capability to conduct a thorough laboratory biosafety risk assessment is a critical component of avian influenza preparedness.展开更多
The high-level biosafety laboratory is not only the basic support for infectious disease prevention and control,but also interrelated with key areas such as environmental security and social security,which has attract...The high-level biosafety laboratory is not only the basic support for infectious disease prevention and control,but also interrelated with key areas such as environmental security and social security,which has attracted increasing attention.A good indoor environment is the premise to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment and biological risk prevention and control.In order to better understand the indoor environment of high-level biosafety laboratories,19 high-level biosafety laboratories in China(with a total of 65 main rooms)were carefully selected as the test objects from December 2020 to December 2022.According to the test methods specified in the Chinese standard GB 50346,the air change,cleanliness,static pressure difference,temperature,relative humidity,and illumination were tested and analyzed.The results showed that all the measured parameters met the requirements of the Chinese standard GB 50346,and the bio-safety performance was completely satisfactory.However,individual parameters showed some overlarge values:the proportion of main rooms with cleanliness levels of 7 and 8 exceeding 50%of the lower limit for air changes was 54.5%and 69.8%,respectively;the proportion of main rooms in BSL-3-b1 laboratories with atmospheric pressure differentials exceeding 50%of the standard lower limit was 94.7%;and the atmospheric pressure differential in the main rooms of BSL-3-b2 laboratories reached a maximum of nearly-160 Pa.On the premise of ensuring the cleanliness and pressure gradient of the main room,it may be possible to reduce the air change.This study,for the first time,reveals the environmental parameters of various types and levels of biosafety laboratories,which can provide reference for the design and operation of such facilities.展开更多
Vaccination has saved millions of lives and is regarded as one of modern medicine’s most important suc-cesses.Effective vaccination programs should be based on risk assessment that considers demographic and occupatio...Vaccination has saved millions of lives and is regarded as one of modern medicine’s most important suc-cesses.Effective vaccination programs should be based on risk assessment that considers demographic and occupational factors.When developing a vaccination program,it is essential to identify the target groups,including travelers,infants,high-risk workers,and those in critical roles such as farming and agri-culture.In biosafety and biosecurity,vaccines are a key component of measures designed to protect lab-oratory personnel,the community,and the environment.Guidelines from global health organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are tailored to specific pathogens and depend on the type of work performed and the associated risk.These guidelines are continuously revised and updated to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination programs.Vaccines also play a role in One Health approaches that are focused on the interconnectedness of animals,humans,and the environment.Targeted vaccination strategies for both domestic animals and wildlife are necessary to maintain animal health,improve livestock productivity,and prevent the spread of zoonotic and foodborne diseases to humans.In this paper,we aimed to provide an overview regarding the crucial roles of vaccines in biosaf-ety,biosecurity,and One Health approaches,as well as to highlight the importance of targeted and per-sonalized strategies to improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs.Herein,we also discuss various vaccines aimed at specific target groups as recommended by global health organizations,with a partic-ular emphasis on laboratory workers and the vaccines necessary to reduce laboratory-acquired infec-tions.Finally,we discuss animal vaccines and targeted strategies for vaccinating domestic and wildlife populations.展开更多
In this study,biodegradable Zn-Cu-Mn alloy stents were implanted into porcine coronary artery for 18 months,and the in vivo biosafety and efficacy as well as the degradation behavior were systematically studied.Result...In this study,biodegradable Zn-Cu-Mn alloy stents were implanted into porcine coronary artery for 18 months,and the in vivo biosafety and efficacy as well as the degradation behavior were systematically studied.Results showed a rapid endothelialization of the target vessel was achieved at 1 month post-implantation.Although the lumen diameter loss and local inflammation were observed at the early stage,the stented blood vessel could gradually recover with time.The lumen diameter was already close to normal range at 12 months,indicating good bioefficacy of the stent.No adverse effect on blood indexes or local accumulation of Zn,Cu or Mn elements were found after implantation,neither the malapposition and thrombosis were observed,which exhibited good biosafety of the stents.The stent could maintain the basic structure and mechanical integrity at 6 months,and remained only approximately 26%of the stent volume at 18 months,suggesting a desirable degradation rate.In general,the Zn-Cu-Mn alloy stent showed great advantages and prospects in clinical application.展开更多
Our study investigates the dynamic variation of bacterial populations within the Bioregenerative Life Support System(BLSS),a critical component for sustainable habitats in extraterrestrial environments supporting huma...Our study investigates the dynamic variation of bacterial populations within the Bioregenerative Life Support System(BLSS),a critical component for sustainable habitats in extraterrestrial environments supporting human survival.We utilized the ground-based BLSS test platform,referred to as “Lunar Palace 1”(LP1),to examine bacterial dynamics in an ecosystem integrating plant production,human cultivation,and equipment maintenance.Our findings reveal distinct bacterial compositions among crew members and functional areas within the LP1 system while preserving temporal stability across the 370-day experiment.Importantly,we observed a low abundance of potential pathogens,minimal antibiotic resistance,and negligible impact of the isolated bacterial strains on equipment materials,suggesting favorable biosafety attributed to plant integration.Our work enhances the understanding of microbial communities in BLSS and underscores the importance of incorporating green plants to bolster environmental biosafety and sustainability in long-term space exploration missions.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,China(Nos.CIFMS2022-I2M-CoV19-003 and CIFMS2021-I2M-1-044)the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Key Project,"A Study of the Coordination Mechanism in the Policy-making of Major Emergency"(No.72134003).
文摘Introduction.As the 21st century advances,the world faces unprecedented challenges,from novel infectious diseases to rapid developments in dual-use biotechnologies,set against an increasingly complex geopolitical backdrop[1].These challenges threatenglobal health,environmental stability,and national security,demanding robust biological risk governance[1,2].Central to this effort are the intertwined concepts of biosafety and biosecurity.Although these concepts have traditionally been distinguished-biosafety addressing unintentional risks and biosecurity targeting deliberate misuse-they share the fundamental goal of mitigating biological risks[3,4].
文摘Emerging viruses are viruses whose occurrence has risen within the past twenty years,or whose presence is likely to increase in the near future.Diseases caused by emerging viruses are a major threat to global public health.In spite of greater awareness of safety and containment procedures,the handling of pathogenic viruses remains a likely source of infection,and mortality,among laboratory workers.There is a steady increase in both the number of laboratories and scientist handling emerging viruses for diagnostics and research.The potential for harm associated to work with these infectious agents can be minimized through the application of sound biosafety concepts and practices.The main factors to the prevention of laboratory-acquired infection are well-trained personnel who are knowledgable and biohazard aware,who are perceptive of the various ways of transmission,and who are professional in safe laboratory practice management.In addition,we should emphasize that appropriate facilities,practices and procedures are to be used by the laboratory workers for the handling of emerging viruses in a safe and secure manner.This review is aimed at providing researchers and laboratory personnel with basic biosafety principles to protect themselves from exposure to emerging viruses while working in the laboratory.This paper focuses on what emerging viruses are,why emerging viruses can cause laboratory-acquired infection,how to assess the risk of working with emerging viruses,and how laboratory-acquired infection can be prevented.Control measures used in the laboratory designed as such that they protect workers from emerging viruses and safeguard the public through the safe disposal of infectious wastes are also addressed.
基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(18DZ2201500,19DZ2203900)Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZLCX20212400)Research Disci-pline Fund(KQXJXK2021)from Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
文摘High-purity magnesium(HP Mg)and Mg-1Ca,as representations of Mg-matrix implants produced by purifying and alloying,are employed in biomedical applications primarily because of their bioactivity and degradability.The superiority of both degradation properties,the match between degradation and osteo-genesis in vivo,and biosafety are critical problems that will decide future purifying or alloying to construct Mg-based implants and promote clinical translation.The present study investigated the benefits and limitations of degradation behavior and biosafety of HP Mg and Mg-1Ca according to the electro-chemical experiment,hydrogen evolution test,immersion test,and in vivo bone implantation assay.The results indicated that due to its Mg 2 Ca phase,Mg-1Ca exhibited a considerably higher corrosion current density and hydrogen production than HP Mg in vitro.Furthermore,HP Mg and Mg-1Ca display a favorable match between their degradation and the surrounding osteogenesis,resulting in no significant variation in degradation in vivo during 26 weeks.Additionally,the implantation and degradation of HP Mg and Mg-1Ca do not result in major organ dysfunction or pathological abnormalities.This work is expected to lay the foundation for future clinical translation of Mg and Mg alloy orthopedic implants.
基金Supported by the Military Medical Science and Technology Innovation Plan(No.SWH2016LHYS-07)Cultivation Plan of Military Medical Youth Sci-tech(No.18QNP001)。
文摘AIM:To assess the biosafety of a poly(acrylamide-cosodium acrylate)hydrogel(PAH)as a 3D-printed intraocular lens(IOL)material.METHODS:The biosafety of PAH was first evaluated in vitro using human lens epithelial cells(LECs)and the ARPE19 cell line,and a cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was performed to investigate alterations in cell proliferation.A thin film of PAH and a conventional IOL were intraocularly implanted into the eyes of New Zealand white rabbits respectively,and a sham surgery served as control group.The anterior segment photographs,intraocular pressure(IOP),blood parameters and electroretinograms(ERG)were recorded.Inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor,such as TNFαand IL-8,were examined by ELISA.Cell apoptosis of the retina was investigated by TUNEL assay,and macro PAHge activation was detected by immunostaining.RESULTS:PAH did not slow cell proliferation when cocultured with human LECs or ARPE19 cells.The implantation of a thin film of a 3 D-printed IOL composed of PAH did not affect the IOP,blood parameters,ERG or optical structure in any of the three experimental groups(n=3 for each).Both TNFαand IL-8 in the aqueous humor of PAH group were transiently elevated 1 wk post-operation and recovered to normal levels at 1 and 3 mo post-operation.Iba1+macroPAHges in the anterior chamber angle in PAH group were increased markedly compared to those of the control group;however,there was no significant difference compared to those in the IOL group.CONCLUSION:PAH is a safe material for 3D printing of personal IOLs that hold great potential for future clinical applications.
基金This project was supported by Major Research Projects of Sichuan Health Commission(No.16ZD026).
文摘At the end of 2019,the novel coronavirus infection outbroke in Wuhan,Hubei Province.On Feb.2,2020,Wuhan,as the worst-hit region,began to build“shelter hospital”rapidly to treat patients with mild ilness.The shelter hospital has multiple functions such as emergency treatment,surgical treatment and clinical test,which can adapt to emergency medical rescue tasks.Based on the characteristics that shelter hospital only treats patients with mild ilness,tests of shelter laboratory,including coronavirus nucleic acid detection,IgM/IgG antibody serology detection,monitoring and auxiliary diagnosis and/or a required blood routine,urine routine,C-reactive protein,calcitonin original,biochemical indicators(liver enzymes,myocardial enzymes,renal function,etc.)and blood coagulation function test etc,were used to provide important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.In order to ensure laboratory biosafety,it is necessary to first evaluate the harm level of various specimens.In the laboratory biosafety management,the harm level assessment of microorganisms is the core work of biosafety,which is of great significance to guarantee biosafety.As an emergency deployment afcted by the environment,shelter laboratory must possess strong mobility.This paper will explore how to combine the biosafety model of traditional laboratory with the particularity of shelter laboratory to carry out effective work in response to the current epidemic.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project on Important Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control [2018ZX10734-404]Key technology research for standardized identification of important pathogens and establishment of relevant reference librariesthe National Health and Family Planning Commission [201302006]
文摘On December 14, 2017, a faculty member of a university in Hunan Province reported that an anthrax vaccine strain might have recovered virulence during an undergraduate experiment and potential exposure could not be ruled out for the students involved. Upon receiving the case report, the CDC, health bureaus, and local governments at the county, prefectural, and provincial levels promptly organized experts in different fields (including epidemiologists, biosafety experts, and laboratory testing experts) for case investigation, evaluation, and response. As the investigation results showed, no virulence recovery was identified in the involved anthrax vaccine strain;and no contamination of Bacillus anthracis was detected at the involved areas. Thus, the university returned to normal functioning.
基金supported by a China Mega-Project for Infectious Disease(2011ZX10004-101,2012ZX10004215)Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81590763)a SKLID Development Grant(2012SKLID102)
文摘Ebola virus disease reemerged in Western Africa in 2014.Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention dispatched the first Ebola virus（EBOV）detection team to run newly established Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory.The aims of study were to understand epidemiology,clinical manifestations and survival time of EBOV in patient＇s blood.A total of 913specimens were tested between March 11 and April20, 2015. EBOV positivity occurred in 7.37% of the blood and 0.53% in throat swabs.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects of Infectious Disease(2012ZX10004-404)
文摘Concern about the biological hazards involved in microbiological research, especially research involving laboratory animals, has increased in recent years. Working in an animal biosafety level 2 facility （ABSL-2）, commonly used for research on infectious diseases, poses various biological hazards. Here, the regulations and standards related to laboratory biosafety in China are introduced, the potential biological hazards present in ABSL-2 facilities are analyzed, and a series of strategies to control the hazards are presented.
文摘To stndy the fundamental characteristics and biosafety of the compound bone morphogenetic protein （ BMP ） and rhBMP- 2/CPC , and to provide a theoretical basis for the compound biologically active artificial bone made of calcium phosphate cement （CPC） and bone morphogenetic protein, simplex CPC was taken as the control group, and the compound with the blending ratio of 1g CPC to 5mg rhBMP-2 was taken as the experimentation group to determine the setting time, compressive, strength, acute toxicological and sub acute toxicological properties. The osteogenic characteristic of compound rhBMP- 2/CPC was measured by making animal model of radio discontinuous defect. The setting time of the two groups meets the clinical requirements, and the compressive strength of the solidified body of bone cement increases along with increasing the immersion time. Compound rhBMP- 2/ CPC has a favorable ostengenic characteristic for animal model of radio discontinuous deject. The fundamental characteristics of the compound rhBMP- 2 phosphate bone cement are basically the same as that of CPC, and also have a favorable biosafety and osteogenesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 31971276the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Major Program),No. 19KJA320005 (both to JHH)。
文摘In a previous study, we used natural butterfly wings as a cell growth matrix for tissue engineering materials and found that the surface of different butterfly wings had different ultramicrostructures, which can affect the qualitative growth of cells and regulate cell growth, metabolism, and gene expression. However, the biocompatibility and biosafety of butterfly wings must be studied. In this study, we found that Sprague-Dawley rat dorsal root ganglion neurons could grow along the structural stripes of butterfly wings, and Schwann cells could normally attach to and proliferate on different species of butterfly wings. The biocompatibility and biosafety of butterfly wings were further examined through subcutaneous implantation in Sprague-Dawley rats, intraperitoneal injection in Institute of Cancer Research mice, intradermal injection in rabbits, and external application to guinea pigs. Our results showed that butterfly wings did not induce toxicity, and all examined animals exhibited normal behaviors and no symptoms, such as erythema or edema. These findings suggested that butterfly wings possess excellent biocompatibility and biosafety and can be used as a type of tissue engineering material. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province of China(approval No. 20190303-18) on March 3, 2019.
文摘IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically modified organisms(GMOs),such as,genetically modified crops,genetically modified food,regulation of the release of
文摘IGMO Biosafety Research(ISSN 1925-1955)is an open access,full peer reviewed online journal,which has been indexed by international database Pro Quest.It provides the coverage in involving the release of genetically modified organisms(GMOs),such as,genetically modified crops,genetically modified food,
文摘Background: Several related accidents occur in the laboratories due to insufficient regulation, inappropriate implementation of safety measures or unawareness attitude and practice toward safety precaution. Biosafety is a tool through which we are managing safety and security related to any kinds of hazards that may be either to the human, animals, plants and environment as well. We can implement good laboratory practice to minimize the risk while performing any kind of test procedures, either handling to the samples like blood and other body fluids which is playing important role for infections and transmissible diseases. If we will provide facilities and training to the lab personnel, then we can protect public, agriculture, and the environment from which is leading cause of infections as well as hazards such as biological, chemical, electrical and glassware. For achieving effective and necessary biosafety and security, it should make sure that any unauthorized person is not able to handle, process, transport to minimize loss and misuse of the any kind of hazards especially biohazards. Therefore, it’s highly recommended to make an international system to avoid any kind of biosafety related issues. Objective: Because biosafety is an important element in quality management system (QMS) and it is a fundamental tool for compliance with accreditation and certification standards, the aim of this study was to assess the practices of lab personnel towards biosafety measures in their laboratories. Method: The study was cross-sectional study that conducted among 70 laboratories by use of structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by using statistical package for social science (SPSS). Result: Among 70 laboratories, 2 (3%) were appointing a biosafety officer, 16 (23%) have fire detection system and fire alarm system, and 20 (29%) of all laboratories were provided by fire extinguisher. Among provision of personnel protection, 56 (80%) always wearied lab coat and gloves, 35 (79%) wearied masks (surgical mask) with low availability of safety goggles and eye shield. Vaccination for hepatitis B virus identified in 40 (57%) of the laboratories. In 41 (59%) of laboratories, the cleaning personnel were not aware about optimal handlers of biohazard in the laboratory. 20 (29%) of all laboratories have exit door and 43 (61%) were used biological safety cabinet. Availability of sharp container and color-coded biohazard bags were found in about 60% (86%), 55 (79%);safe disposal policies were found in 49 (70%) of laboratories. Discussion: Biosafety measures and practices in Sudan need to be restructured if we target to achieve good laboratory practices as well as safe environmental testing for clinical human samples. Recommendation: There are a great need to establish and implement biosafety precaution program included in government and private clinical laboratory in Sudan.
文摘With detailed analysis and research on biosafety,it is found that biosafety has an important role and occupies a key position in relation to universitiesJ laboratories.It is also one of the most important components of the safe construction and management of laboratories.At the same time,biosafety and life safety of teachers and students enable orderly and smooth teaching in which they are closely linked.If the biosafety of a university's laboratory has problems,inevitably there would be huge threats to the university itself,teachers,and students.Hence,in order to ensure that laboratories are biologically safe,it is necessary to find out the existing problems,develop flawless solutions and strategies,establish reasonable laboratory safety systems,and strengthen the laboratory protection facilities.Hence,problems pertaining this issue would be properly solved.This article analyzes and studies the construction of a biosafety system in school laboratories for future references.
基金supported by the Elizabeth R.Griffin Pro-gram through funding provided by the U.S.Department of State,Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund(grant number SISNDF22GR0010)The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Diagnostic laboratories play a crucial role in surveillance and epidemic preparedness.However,gaps in adherence to biosecurity and biosafety protocols in managing,isolating,storing,and disposing of infec-tious pathogens in these facilities pose a serious risk to the laboratory,local populations,and the sur-rounding environment.In this study,we evaluated adherence to biosecurity and biosafety protocols in 96 public and private biomedical and veterinary laboratories in Benin to identify and address such gaps.We followed a cross-sectional study design.We used the Biosafety and Biosecurity in Laboratory Tool to assess biomedical laboratories and the Laboratory Mapping Tool to assess veterinary laboratories.Data were collected using KoBoCollect and analyzed with R software version 4.0.5.Descriptive analysis,the chi-squared test,and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The findings revealed that most laboratories did not comply with established guidelines.Of all laboratories surveyed,42%presented a very high risk,38%a high risk,15%moderate risk,and 5%were low risk.Overall,80%of biomedical lab-oratories and 100%of veterinary laboratories were rated high risk.To improve effective biosecurity prac-tices in laboratories in Benin to an acceptable standard,it is essential to implement robust biosecurity and biosafety policies.Additionally,capacity-building sessions should be conducted for laboratory staff and managers to educate them on the latest biosecurity protocols.
文摘Dear Editor,The evolving situation of the dairy cow H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)outbreaks(clade 2.3.4.4b)first identified in the USA in early 2024 has stimulated consideration of avian influ-enza pandemic preparedness.1 Recent experience during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic demonstrated that early mobilisation of labora-tory resources for rapid diagnostic testing is crucial for an effective response.Assessment of laboratory bio-risk in dealing with sam-ples containing viruses with pandemic potential,is a key but fre-quently overlooked consideration,which has often been performed cursorily either due to lack of resources,understanding or time.The capability to conduct a thorough laboratory biosafety risk assessment is a critical component of avian influenza preparedness.
基金supported by special fund of“Research and Demon-stration of Green and Low Carbon Design Methods and Key Tech-nologies for Hospitals and Biosafety Laboratories”by CABR(No.20220106330730007)supported by Youth Fund Project of“Research on Key technologies of Low carbon design in Arthropod Biosafety Laboratory”by China Academy of Building Research.
文摘The high-level biosafety laboratory is not only the basic support for infectious disease prevention and control,but also interrelated with key areas such as environmental security and social security,which has attracted increasing attention.A good indoor environment is the premise to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment and biological risk prevention and control.In order to better understand the indoor environment of high-level biosafety laboratories,19 high-level biosafety laboratories in China(with a total of 65 main rooms)were carefully selected as the test objects from December 2020 to December 2022.According to the test methods specified in the Chinese standard GB 50346,the air change,cleanliness,static pressure difference,temperature,relative humidity,and illumination were tested and analyzed.The results showed that all the measured parameters met the requirements of the Chinese standard GB 50346,and the bio-safety performance was completely satisfactory.However,individual parameters showed some overlarge values:the proportion of main rooms with cleanliness levels of 7 and 8 exceeding 50%of the lower limit for air changes was 54.5%and 69.8%,respectively;the proportion of main rooms in BSL-3-b1 laboratories with atmospheric pressure differentials exceeding 50%of the standard lower limit was 94.7%;and the atmospheric pressure differential in the main rooms of BSL-3-b2 laboratories reached a maximum of nearly-160 Pa.On the premise of ensuring the cleanliness and pressure gradient of the main room,it may be possible to reduce the air change.This study,for the first time,reveals the environmental parameters of various types and levels of biosafety laboratories,which can provide reference for the design and operation of such facilities.
基金no specific grant from funding agencies in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.
文摘Vaccination has saved millions of lives and is regarded as one of modern medicine’s most important suc-cesses.Effective vaccination programs should be based on risk assessment that considers demographic and occupational factors.When developing a vaccination program,it is essential to identify the target groups,including travelers,infants,high-risk workers,and those in critical roles such as farming and agri-culture.In biosafety and biosecurity,vaccines are a key component of measures designed to protect lab-oratory personnel,the community,and the environment.Guidelines from global health organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are tailored to specific pathogens and depend on the type of work performed and the associated risk.These guidelines are continuously revised and updated to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination programs.Vaccines also play a role in One Health approaches that are focused on the interconnectedness of animals,humans,and the environment.Targeted vaccination strategies for both domestic animals and wildlife are necessary to maintain animal health,improve livestock productivity,and prevent the spread of zoonotic and foodborne diseases to humans.In this paper,we aimed to provide an overview regarding the crucial roles of vaccines in biosaf-ety,biosecurity,and One Health approaches,as well as to highlight the importance of targeted and per-sonalized strategies to improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs.Herein,we also discuss various vaccines aimed at specific target groups as recommended by global health organizations,with a partic-ular emphasis on laboratory workers and the vaccines necessary to reduce laboratory-acquired infec-tions.Finally,we discuss animal vaccines and targeted strategies for vaccinating domestic and wildlife populations.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3812902,No.2018YFE0115400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52101290 and 52371249)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Mu-nicipality(No.22S31904400)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medial-Engineering Cross Fund(YG2024QNB20 and YG2023QNA32).
文摘In this study,biodegradable Zn-Cu-Mn alloy stents were implanted into porcine coronary artery for 18 months,and the in vivo biosafety and efficacy as well as the degradation behavior were systematically studied.Results showed a rapid endothelialization of the target vessel was achieved at 1 month post-implantation.Although the lumen diameter loss and local inflammation were observed at the early stage,the stented blood vessel could gradually recover with time.The lumen diameter was already close to normal range at 12 months,indicating good bioefficacy of the stent.No adverse effect on blood indexes or local accumulation of Zn,Cu or Mn elements were found after implantation,neither the malapposition and thrombosis were observed,which exhibited good biosafety of the stents.The stent could maintain the basic structure and mechanical integrity at 6 months,and remained only approximately 26%of the stent volume at 18 months,suggesting a desirable degradation rate.In general,the Zn-Cu-Mn alloy stent showed great advantages and prospects in clinical application.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA0716100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32261133528,82271921,32471289)。
文摘Our study investigates the dynamic variation of bacterial populations within the Bioregenerative Life Support System(BLSS),a critical component for sustainable habitats in extraterrestrial environments supporting human survival.We utilized the ground-based BLSS test platform,referred to as “Lunar Palace 1”(LP1),to examine bacterial dynamics in an ecosystem integrating plant production,human cultivation,and equipment maintenance.Our findings reveal distinct bacterial compositions among crew members and functional areas within the LP1 system while preserving temporal stability across the 370-day experiment.Importantly,we observed a low abundance of potential pathogens,minimal antibiotic resistance,and negligible impact of the isolated bacterial strains on equipment materials,suggesting favorable biosafety attributed to plant integration.Our work enhances the understanding of microbial communities in BLSS and underscores the importance of incorporating green plants to bolster environmental biosafety and sustainability in long-term space exploration missions.
