Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biologica...Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biological processes due to their capability of simple, accurate and real time quantification. The FPs-based molecular and visible quantification tools are giving more impact on bioprocess engineering, enabling the biomolecule-level dynamic information to be linked with the process-level events. In this review, different applications of FPs in biological engineering with emphasis on rapid molecular bioprocess quantification, such as quantification of the transcription efficiency, the protein production, the protein folding efficiency, the cell concentration, the intracellular microenvironments and so on, would be first introduced. The challenges of using FPs with respect to actual bioprocess applications for the precise quantification including the interaction of FPs and the fused partner proteins, the maturation of FPs, the inner filter effect and sensing technology were then discussed. Finally, the future development for the FPs used in molecular bioprocess quantification would be proposed.展开更多
This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of brown trout Salmo trutta fed one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.8 or 16.1 cm/s. Fishmeal was the primary pr...This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of brown trout Salmo trutta fed one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.8 or 16.1 cm/s. Fishmeal was the primary protein source for the reference diet, and bioprocessed soybean meal replaced approximately 67% of the fishmeal in the experimental diet. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion rates, or specific growth rates between the dietary treatments. There were also no significant differences in intestinal morphology, splenosomatic, hepatosomatic, and viscerosomatic indices related to diet composition. However, gain, percent gain, feed fed, and specific growth rate were all significantly greater in brown trout reared at the higher velocity. No significant differences in any of the other variables measured were observed between the velocity treatments. There were no significant interactions between diet and velocity in any of the variables. Based on the results of this study, bioprocessed soybean meal can replace at least 67% of the fishmeal in brown trout diets, regardless of the rearing velocities used in this study. However, higher rearing velocities are recommended to maximize juvenile brown trout growth rates.展开更多
This study determined the effect of orally fed polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran produced by culturing with shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushroom mycelium on CT-26 colon cancer cells in vivo i...This study determined the effect of orally fed polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran produced by culturing with shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushroom mycelium on CT-26 colon cancer cells in vivo in an intracutaneously transplanted mouse tumor alone and in combination with intraperitoneally administered anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. Analysis of the isolated tumor weights at the end of the study shows that the average tumor size in control mice is 3.78 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody is 2.16 grams. The average tumor size in mice treated with BRB-F alone is 2.25 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody BRB-F combination is 1.38 grams. Thus, BRB-F or anti-PD-1 antibody alone each reduce tumor size by 40.5% or 42.9%, whereas the combination of BRB-F and anti-PD-1 antibody reduces tumor size by 63.5%, with their cooperative effect being statistically significant. The observed anti-tumor effects were accompanied by a series of biomarkers associated with cancer formation and inhibition. These results indicate that the reported potentiation of cancer therapy using drug-based medical chemotherapies with added checkpoint inhibitors in human patients are mechanistically similar with the functional food evaluated in the present study. These beneficial effects in mice challenge clinicians to investigate if the black rice bran food product can also protect against human cancer.展开更多
Fault monitoring of bioprocess is important to ensure safety of a reactor and maintain high quality of products. It is difficult to build an accurate mechanistic model for a bioprocess, so fault monitoring based on ri...Fault monitoring of bioprocess is important to ensure safety of a reactor and maintain high quality of products. It is difficult to build an accurate mechanistic model for a bioprocess, so fault monitoring based on rich historical or online database is an effective way. A group of data based on bootstrap method could be resampling stochastically, improving generalization capability of model. In this paper, online fault monitoring of generalized additive models （GAMs） combining with bootstrap is proposed for glutamate fermentation process. GAMs and bootstrap are first used to decide confidence interval based on the online and off-line normal sampled data from glutamate fermentation experiments. Then GAMs are used to online fault monitoring for time, dissolved oxygen, oxygen uptake rate, and carbon dioxide evolution rate. The method can provide accurate fault alarm online and is helpful to provide useful information for removing fault and abnormal phenomena in the fermentation.展开更多
We evaluated the potential of orally fed new food formulations to inhibit biomarkers reported to be involved in the causes of allergic asthma in mice. Asthma, a serious non-communicable disease, affects both adults an...We evaluated the potential of orally fed new food formulations to inhibit biomarkers reported to be involved in the causes of allergic asthma in mice. Asthma, a serious non-communicable disease, affects both adults and children and can be undertreated. New functional foods could provide therapeutic approaches. Here, the anti-asthma mechanism of a new functional food and three isolated fractions produced by bioprocessing black rice bran with shiitake mushroom mycelia was evaluated in mast cells, B cells, and orally fed mice and compared with non-bioprocessed black rice bran. In vitro, the treatments inhibited RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. The in vitro anti-asthma effects were confirmed in orally fed mice following asthma induction by alumina and chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA). The suppression of asthma resulted from the inhibition of inflammation- and immune-related substances, including OVA-specific IgE, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, eotaxin, leukotriene C4, prostaglandin D2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. The treatment also reversed the thickening of the lung airway wall. The inflammation and asthma inhibition seems to be regulated by the balance of the T-helper cells’ Th1/Th2 immune response and the inhibition of multiple biomarkers associated with the cause of asthma. Future human clinical studies with adults and children should determine the potential therapeutic value of the anti-asthma effects of the new functional foods.展开更多
Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;&q...Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">americana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in Uganda. This study reviews the virgin potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. Avocado consists of flesh, seed, and peel. The review indicates that the waste seed and peel are vital for development of high-value products. Both the edible part and waste (peel and seed) can be used for biogas production through a solid-state fermentation process. Biodiesel can be developed using avocado seed oil through a process called transesterification. Avocado oil is a better alternative for biodiesel production compared to waste cooking oil as it requires no further conversions processes for transforming fatty acids to esters. The starch-rich avocado seed is a suitable substrate for bioethanol, pigment and starch production. The high starch content places the avocado fruit as a potential: 1) raw material for the production of bioplastics;2) substrate for bacterial culture media production as opposed to potatoes, cereals, and cassava that double as a staple food. Avocado seeds can also be used for the production of antioxidants relevant for preventing enzymatic browning, thereby increasing product shelf life. Despite the quick wins, there is a need for increased research, financing, personnel training and development of appropriate policies to spur the benefits and untapped potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. The circular economy of avocado waste alone into high-value products could increase gains in the environment and stimulate industrial development, especially the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries in Uganda.展开更多
This paper addresses the analysis, design, and application of observer-based nonlinear controls by combining feedback linearization (FBL) and backstepping (BS) techniques with Luenberger observers. Complete developmen...This paper addresses the analysis, design, and application of observer-based nonlinear controls by combining feedback linearization (FBL) and backstepping (BS) techniques with Luenberger observers. Complete development of observer-based controls is presented for a bioprocess. Controllers using input-output feedback linearization and backstepping techniques are designed first, assuming that all states are available for feedback. Next, the construction of observer in the transformed domain is presented based on input-output feedback linearization. This approach is then extended to observer design based on backstepping approach using the error equation resulted from the backstepping design procedure. Simulation results demonstrating the effectiveness of the techniques developed are presented and compared.展开更多
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable bioresource for the production of biofuels and biochem-ical products.The classical biorefinery process for lignocellulosic degradation and conversion comprises thre...Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable bioresource for the production of biofuels and biochem-ical products.The classical biorefinery process for lignocellulosic degradation and conversion comprises three stages,i.e.,pretreatment,enzymatic saccharification,and fermentation.However,the complicated pretreatment process,high cost of cellulase production,and insufficient production performance of fermentation strains have restricted the industrialization of biorefinery.Consolidated bioprocessing(CBP)technology combines the pro-cess of enzyme production,enzymatic saccharification,and fermentation in a single bioreactor using a specific microorganism or a consortium of microbes and represents another approach worth exploring for the production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass.The present review summarizes the progress made in research of CBP technology for lignocellulosic biomass conversion.In this review,different CBP strategies in lignocellulose biore-finery are reviewed,including CBP with natural lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms as the chassis,CBP with biosynthetic microorganisms as the chassis,and CBP with microbial co-culturing systems.This review provides new perspectives and insights on the utilization of low-cost feedstock lignocellulosic biomass for production of biochemicals.展开更多
The depletion of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment have led to efforts to develop alternative sustainable fuels.While biofuel derived from lignocellulose is considered a sustainable,renewable,and green ...The depletion of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment have led to efforts to develop alternative sustainable fuels.While biofuel derived from lignocellulose is considered a sustainable,renewable,and green energy source,enhancing biofuel production and achieving a cost-effective bioconversion of lignocellulose at existing bio-refineries remains a challenge.Consolidated bioprocessing(CBP)using thermophiles can simplify this operation by integrating multiple processes,such as hydrolytic enzyme production,lignocellulose degrada-tion,biofuel fermentation,and product distillation.This paper reviews recent developments in the conversion of lignocellulose to biofuel using thermophile-based CBP.First,advances in thermostable enzyme and thermophilic lignocellulolytic microorganism discovery and development for lignocellulosic biorefinery use are outlined.Then,several thermophilic CBP candidates and thermophilic microbes engineered to drive CBP of lignocellulose are reviewed.CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing tools developed for thermophiles are also highlighted.The poten-tial applications of the Design-Build-Test-Learn(DBTL)synthetic biology strategy for designing and constructing thermophilic CBP hosts are also discussed in detail.Overall,this review illustrates how to develop highly sophis-ticated thermophilic CBP hosts for use in lignocellulosic biorefinery applications.展开更多
Bioreactors are central equipment used in the majority of bioprocesses.Different models of bioreactors have been devel-oped for different processes,which can be applied either for submerged or for solid-state fermenta...Bioreactors are central equipment used in the majority of bioprocesses.Different models of bioreactors have been devel-oped for different processes,which can be applied either for submerged or for solid-state fermentation.Scale-up involves the development of bioprocess in bench,pilot,and industrial scales.Optimal conditions are first screened and determined in the bench scale and so that the process can be transferred to a larger scale.This transferring requires the proper reproduc-tion of conditions and performance,being a major challenge since important aspects,such as aeration and agitation,are critical for cells development.In this case,scale-up strategies are employed to maintain bioprocesses’performance.These strategies are based on geometric similarity aspects of bioreactors,agitation,and aeration conditions,which must follow the requirements of each bioprocess and the used microorganisms.Operational conditions significantly impact cell growth and,consequently,the biosynthesis of different biomolecules,which must then be reproduced at higher scales.For this purpose,one or more operating factors can be maintained constant during scale-up with the possibility to predict,for example,the power consumption of large-scale bioreactors or aeration conditions in an aerobic culture.This review presents the most employed bioreactors’scale-up strategies.In addition,the scale-up of other bioreactors models,such as pneumatic and solid-state fermentation bioreactor and even photobioreactors,will also be described with some examples.展开更多
Cell culture media is a significant contributor to the high cost of bioprocesses.This study explored the potential of algae to re-condition spent cell culture medium,which may reduce the costs of pharmaceutical and la...Cell culture media is a significant contributor to the high cost of bioprocesses.This study explored the potential of algae to re-condition spent cell culture medium,which may reduce the costs of pharmaceutical and lab-grown-meat manufacturing.Chlorella sorokiniana,a thermally resistant microalgal species,exhibited heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth in mammalian cell culture growth media(GM).Spent animal cell media,generated by culturing quail myoblast cells(QM7s)for 4 or 8d(4D-SGM and 8D-SGM,respectively),was harvested for algal culture.Increased algal growth was observed in 4D-SGM,when compared to fresh media after 3d(optical density of 1.39±0.22,0.47±0.17,p≤0.05).Within 72 h,ammonia and glucose were eliminated from 4D-SGM with algal treatment.After treating 4D-SGM with algae,the treated media was reintroduced into QM7 cell cultures.No cytotoxic effects were observed on QM7 cells grown in algal-treated growth media and QM7 cells exhibited better metabolic activity in algal-treated spent medium than in untreated spent medium(80.85±12.02%and 44.57±10.82%activity of fresh media group,respectively,p≤0.05).These results suggest that C.sorokiniana can be grown in spent media at 37℃,sequester ammonia,and potentially extend the lifespan of media,thereby enabling more affordable bioprocesses.展开更多
Accurate fault root cause diagnosis is essential for ensuring stable industrial production. Traditional methods, which typically rely on the entire time series and overlook critical local features, can lead to biased ...Accurate fault root cause diagnosis is essential for ensuring stable industrial production. Traditional methods, which typically rely on the entire time series and overlook critical local features, can lead to biased inferences about causal relationships, thus hindering the accurate identification of root cause variables. This study proposed a shapelet-based state evolution graph for fault root cause diagnosis (SEG-RCD), which enables causal inference through the analysis of the important local features. First, the regularized autoencoder and fault contribution plot are used to identify the fault onset time and candidate root cause variables, respectively. Then, the most representative shapelets were extracted to construct a state evolution graph. Finally, the propagation path was extracted based on fault unit shapelets to pinpoint the fault root cause variable. The SEG-RCD can reduce the interference of noncausal information, enhancing the accuracy and interpretability of fault root cause diagnosis. The superiority of the proposed SEG-RCD was verified through experiments on a simulated penicillin fermentation process and an actual one.展开更多
Fault diagnosis in industrial process is essential for ensuring production safety and efficiency.However,existing methods exhibit limited capability in recognizing hard samples and struggle to maintain consistency in ...Fault diagnosis in industrial process is essential for ensuring production safety and efficiency.However,existing methods exhibit limited capability in recognizing hard samples and struggle to maintain consistency in feature distributions across domains,resulting in suboptimal performance and robustness.Therefore,this paper proposes a fault diagnosis neural network for hard sample mining and domain adaptive(SmdaNet).First,the method uses deep belief networks(DBN)to build a diagnostic model.Hard samples are mined based on the loss values,dividing the data set into hard and easy samples.Second,elastic weight consolidation(EWC)is used to train the model on hard samples,effectively preventing information forgetting.Finally,the feature space domain adaptation is introduced to optimize the feature space by minimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the feature distributions.Experimental results show that the proposed SmdaNet method outperforms existing approaches in terms of classification accuracy,robustness and interpretability on the penicillin simulation and Tennessee Eastman process datasets.展开更多
Due to its high sensitivity and non-destructive nature,Raman spectroscopy has become an essential analytical tool in biopharmaceutical analysis and drug development.Despite of the computational demands,data requiremen...Due to its high sensitivity and non-destructive nature,Raman spectroscopy has become an essential analytical tool in biopharmaceutical analysis and drug development.Despite of the computational demands,data requirements,or ethical considerations,artificial intelligence(AI)and particularly deep learning algorithms has further advanced Raman spectroscopy by enhancing data processing,feature extraction,and model optimization,which not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of Raman spectroscopy detection,but also greatly expands its range of application.AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has numerous applications in biomedicine,including characterizing drug structures,analyzing drug forms,controlling drug quality,identifying components,and studying drug-biomolecule interactions.AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has also revolutionized biomedical research and clinical diagnostics,particularly in disease early diagnosis and treatment optimization.Therefore,AI methods are crucial to advancing Raman spectroscopy in biopharmaceutical research and clinical diagnostics,offering new perspectives and tools for disease treatment and pharmaceutical process control.In summary,integrating AI and Raman spectroscopy in biomedicine has significantly improved analytical capabilities,offering innovative approaches for research and clinical applications.展开更多
Xylonic acid is a versatile and valuable chemical with a range of industrial and potential health applications.The high demand for renewable energy and sustainable products has increased interest in xylonic acid as a ...Xylonic acid is a versatile and valuable chemical with a range of industrial and potential health applications.The high demand for renewable energy and sustainable products has increased interest in xylonic acid as a starting material for the production of variety of high value chemicals and biofuels.The production of xylonic acid from biomass have an added advantage that it provides an opportunity to utilize bio-waste materials that would otherwise be discarded,reducing environmental hazards and reducing waste disposal costs.The aim of this research was to establish a bioprocess for producing xylonic acid from acid pre-treated sawdust liquor via fermentation,utilizing metabolically engineered strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 31831.A maximum titre of 48.5±0.2 g/L xylonic acid from 60 g/L xylose derived from biomass was obtained with a yield of 0.89 g/g xylose which corresponds to a conversion of 62%.30.8±0.4 g/L of xylonic acid crystals of 95.5%purity were successfully recovered from 1L sawdust APL(Acid Pre-treated Liquor)via solvent precipitation and crystallization.Purified xylonic acid crystals were checked for its antibacterial effect on Salmonella enterica MTCC 3224,Escherichia coli MTCC 443 and Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96.展开更多
With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wid...With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wide implementation of relevant standards,and accelerate the globalization process of green product trade through high-level communication.Lyu Xuefeng,Director of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT),Chinese Academy of Sciences,emphasized in his address that the product carbon footprint management system is the important support for industrial green transformation.The geographic information system-life cycle assessment(GIS-LCA)technology has been originally proposed and adopted as the core content of the national standard GB/T 24067-2024,Greenhouse gases-Carbon footprint of products-Requirements and guidelines for quantification.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20836004 20806046） the Special Fund for Major State Basic Research Program of China （2009CB724702） the National High Technology Research and Development Program ofChina （2009AA062903）
文摘Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biological processes due to their capability of simple, accurate and real time quantification. The FPs-based molecular and visible quantification tools are giving more impact on bioprocess engineering, enabling the biomolecule-level dynamic information to be linked with the process-level events. In this review, different applications of FPs in biological engineering with emphasis on rapid molecular bioprocess quantification, such as quantification of the transcription efficiency, the protein production, the protein folding efficiency, the cell concentration, the intracellular microenvironments and so on, would be first introduced. The challenges of using FPs with respect to actual bioprocess applications for the precise quantification including the interaction of FPs and the fused partner proteins, the maturation of FPs, the inner filter effect and sensing technology were then discussed. Finally, the future development for the FPs used in molecular bioprocess quantification would be proposed.
文摘This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of brown trout Salmo trutta fed one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.8 or 16.1 cm/s. Fishmeal was the primary protein source for the reference diet, and bioprocessed soybean meal replaced approximately 67% of the fishmeal in the experimental diet. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion rates, or specific growth rates between the dietary treatments. There were also no significant differences in intestinal morphology, splenosomatic, hepatosomatic, and viscerosomatic indices related to diet composition. However, gain, percent gain, feed fed, and specific growth rate were all significantly greater in brown trout reared at the higher velocity. No significant differences in any of the other variables measured were observed between the velocity treatments. There were no significant interactions between diet and velocity in any of the variables. Based on the results of this study, bioprocessed soybean meal can replace at least 67% of the fishmeal in brown trout diets, regardless of the rearing velocities used in this study. However, higher rearing velocities are recommended to maximize juvenile brown trout growth rates.
文摘This study determined the effect of orally fed polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran produced by culturing with shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushroom mycelium on CT-26 colon cancer cells in vivo in an intracutaneously transplanted mouse tumor alone and in combination with intraperitoneally administered anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. Analysis of the isolated tumor weights at the end of the study shows that the average tumor size in control mice is 3.78 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody is 2.16 grams. The average tumor size in mice treated with BRB-F alone is 2.25 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody BRB-F combination is 1.38 grams. Thus, BRB-F or anti-PD-1 antibody alone each reduce tumor size by 40.5% or 42.9%, whereas the combination of BRB-F and anti-PD-1 antibody reduces tumor size by 63.5%, with their cooperative effect being statistically significant. The observed anti-tumor effects were accompanied by a series of biomarkers associated with cancer formation and inhibition. These results indicate that the reported potentiation of cancer therapy using drug-based medical chemotherapies with added checkpoint inhibitors in human patients are mechanistically similar with the functional food evaluated in the present study. These beneficial effects in mice challenge clinicians to investigate if the black rice bran food product can also protect against human cancer.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （61273131） 111 Project （B12018）+1 种基金 the Innovation Project of Graduate in Jiangsu Province （CXZZ12_0741） the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （JUDCF12034）
文摘Fault monitoring of bioprocess is important to ensure safety of a reactor and maintain high quality of products. It is difficult to build an accurate mechanistic model for a bioprocess, so fault monitoring based on rich historical or online database is an effective way. A group of data based on bootstrap method could be resampling stochastically, improving generalization capability of model. In this paper, online fault monitoring of generalized additive models （GAMs） combining with bootstrap is proposed for glutamate fermentation process. GAMs and bootstrap are first used to decide confidence interval based on the online and off-line normal sampled data from glutamate fermentation experiments. Then GAMs are used to online fault monitoring for time, dissolved oxygen, oxygen uptake rate, and carbon dioxide evolution rate. The method can provide accurate fault alarm online and is helpful to provide useful information for removing fault and abnormal phenomena in the fermentation.
文摘We evaluated the potential of orally fed new food formulations to inhibit biomarkers reported to be involved in the causes of allergic asthma in mice. Asthma, a serious non-communicable disease, affects both adults and children and can be undertreated. New functional foods could provide therapeutic approaches. Here, the anti-asthma mechanism of a new functional food and three isolated fractions produced by bioprocessing black rice bran with shiitake mushroom mycelia was evaluated in mast cells, B cells, and orally fed mice and compared with non-bioprocessed black rice bran. In vitro, the treatments inhibited RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. The in vitro anti-asthma effects were confirmed in orally fed mice following asthma induction by alumina and chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA). The suppression of asthma resulted from the inhibition of inflammation- and immune-related substances, including OVA-specific IgE, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, eotaxin, leukotriene C4, prostaglandin D2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. The treatment also reversed the thickening of the lung airway wall. The inflammation and asthma inhibition seems to be regulated by the balance of the T-helper cells’ Th1/Th2 immune response and the inhibition of multiple biomarkers associated with the cause of asthma. Future human clinical studies with adults and children should determine the potential therapeutic value of the anti-asthma effects of the new functional foods.
文摘Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">americana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in Uganda. This study reviews the virgin potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. Avocado consists of flesh, seed, and peel. The review indicates that the waste seed and peel are vital for development of high-value products. Both the edible part and waste (peel and seed) can be used for biogas production through a solid-state fermentation process. Biodiesel can be developed using avocado seed oil through a process called transesterification. Avocado oil is a better alternative for biodiesel production compared to waste cooking oil as it requires no further conversions processes for transforming fatty acids to esters. The starch-rich avocado seed is a suitable substrate for bioethanol, pigment and starch production. The high starch content places the avocado fruit as a potential: 1) raw material for the production of bioplastics;2) substrate for bacterial culture media production as opposed to potatoes, cereals, and cassava that double as a staple food. Avocado seeds can also be used for the production of antioxidants relevant for preventing enzymatic browning, thereby increasing product shelf life. Despite the quick wins, there is a need for increased research, financing, personnel training and development of appropriate policies to spur the benefits and untapped potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. The circular economy of avocado waste alone into high-value products could increase gains in the environment and stimulate industrial development, especially the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries in Uganda.
文摘This paper addresses the analysis, design, and application of observer-based nonlinear controls by combining feedback linearization (FBL) and backstepping (BS) techniques with Luenberger observers. Complete development of observer-based controls is presented for a bioprocess. Controllers using input-output feedback linearization and backstepping techniques are designed first, assuming that all states are available for feedback. Next, the construction of observer in the transformed domain is presented based on input-output feedback linearization. This approach is then extended to observer design based on backstepping approach using the error equation resulted from the backstepping design procedure. Simulation results demonstrating the effectiveness of the techniques developed are presented and compared.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFA0905700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970071)+1 种基金the Young Scholars Program of Shan-dong Universitythe Major Basic Research of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2019ZD19).
文摘Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable bioresource for the production of biofuels and biochem-ical products.The classical biorefinery process for lignocellulosic degradation and conversion comprises three stages,i.e.,pretreatment,enzymatic saccharification,and fermentation.However,the complicated pretreatment process,high cost of cellulase production,and insufficient production performance of fermentation strains have restricted the industrialization of biorefinery.Consolidated bioprocessing(CBP)technology combines the pro-cess of enzyme production,enzymatic saccharification,and fermentation in a single bioreactor using a specific microorganism or a consortium of microbes and represents another approach worth exploring for the production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass.The present review summarizes the progress made in research of CBP technology for lignocellulosic biomass conversion.In this review,different CBP strategies in lignocellulose biore-finery are reviewed,including CBP with natural lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms as the chassis,CBP with biosynthetic microorganisms as the chassis,and CBP with microbial co-culturing systems.This review provides new perspectives and insights on the utilization of low-cost feedstock lignocellulosic biomass for production of biochemicals.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant NO.BK20231326)National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0906800)State Key Laboratory of Micro-bial Technology Open Projects Fund(Project NO.M2022-10).
文摘The depletion of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment have led to efforts to develop alternative sustainable fuels.While biofuel derived from lignocellulose is considered a sustainable,renewable,and green energy source,enhancing biofuel production and achieving a cost-effective bioconversion of lignocellulose at existing bio-refineries remains a challenge.Consolidated bioprocessing(CBP)using thermophiles can simplify this operation by integrating multiple processes,such as hydrolytic enzyme production,lignocellulose degrada-tion,biofuel fermentation,and product distillation.This paper reviews recent developments in the conversion of lignocellulose to biofuel using thermophile-based CBP.First,advances in thermostable enzyme and thermophilic lignocellulolytic microorganism discovery and development for lignocellulosic biorefinery use are outlined.Then,several thermophilic CBP candidates and thermophilic microbes engineered to drive CBP of lignocellulose are reviewed.CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing tools developed for thermophiles are also highlighted.The poten-tial applications of the Design-Build-Test-Learn(DBTL)synthetic biology strategy for designing and constructing thermophilic CBP hosts are also discussed in detail.Overall,this review illustrates how to develop highly sophis-ticated thermophilic CBP hosts for use in lignocellulosic biorefinery applications.
基金Funding Projects funding and research scholarship are provided by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq).
文摘Bioreactors are central equipment used in the majority of bioprocesses.Different models of bioreactors have been devel-oped for different processes,which can be applied either for submerged or for solid-state fermentation.Scale-up involves the development of bioprocess in bench,pilot,and industrial scales.Optimal conditions are first screened and determined in the bench scale and so that the process can be transferred to a larger scale.This transferring requires the proper reproduc-tion of conditions and performance,being a major challenge since important aspects,such as aeration and agitation,are critical for cells development.In this case,scale-up strategies are employed to maintain bioprocesses’performance.These strategies are based on geometric similarity aspects of bioreactors,agitation,and aeration conditions,which must follow the requirements of each bioprocess and the used microorganisms.Operational conditions significantly impact cell growth and,consequently,the biosynthesis of different biomolecules,which must then be reproduced at higher scales.For this purpose,one or more operating factors can be maintained constant during scale-up with the possibility to predict,for example,the power consumption of large-scale bioreactors or aeration conditions in an aerobic culture.This review presents the most employed bioreactors’scale-up strategies.In addition,the scale-up of other bioreactors models,such as pneumatic and solid-state fermentation bioreactor and even photobioreactors,will also be described with some examples.
基金funded via laboratory startup funds to Glenn Gaudette from Boston Collegea New Harvest fellowship awarded to Richard Thyden。
文摘Cell culture media is a significant contributor to the high cost of bioprocesses.This study explored the potential of algae to re-condition spent cell culture medium,which may reduce the costs of pharmaceutical and lab-grown-meat manufacturing.Chlorella sorokiniana,a thermally resistant microalgal species,exhibited heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth in mammalian cell culture growth media(GM).Spent animal cell media,generated by culturing quail myoblast cells(QM7s)for 4 or 8d(4D-SGM and 8D-SGM,respectively),was harvested for algal culture.Increased algal growth was observed in 4D-SGM,when compared to fresh media after 3d(optical density of 1.39±0.22,0.47±0.17,p≤0.05).Within 72 h,ammonia and glucose were eliminated from 4D-SGM with algal treatment.After treating 4D-SGM with algae,the treated media was reintroduced into QM7 cell cultures.No cytotoxic effects were observed on QM7 cells grown in algal-treated growth media and QM7 cells exhibited better metabolic activity in algal-treated spent medium than in untreated spent medium(80.85±12.02%and 44.57±10.82%activity of fresh media group,respectively,p≤0.05).These results suggest that C.sorokiniana can be grown in spent media at 37℃,sequester ammonia,and potentially extend the lifespan of media,thereby enabling more affordable bioprocesses.
基金support from the following foundations:the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62322309,62433004)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(23S41900500)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-16).
文摘Accurate fault root cause diagnosis is essential for ensuring stable industrial production. Traditional methods, which typically rely on the entire time series and overlook critical local features, can lead to biased inferences about causal relationships, thus hindering the accurate identification of root cause variables. This study proposed a shapelet-based state evolution graph for fault root cause diagnosis (SEG-RCD), which enables causal inference through the analysis of the important local features. First, the regularized autoencoder and fault contribution plot are used to identify the fault onset time and candidate root cause variables, respectively. Then, the most representative shapelets were extracted to construct a state evolution graph. Finally, the propagation path was extracted based on fault unit shapelets to pinpoint the fault root cause variable. The SEG-RCD can reduce the interference of noncausal information, enhancing the accuracy and interpretability of fault root cause diagnosis. The superiority of the proposed SEG-RCD was verified through experiments on a simulated penicillin fermentation process and an actual one.
基金support from the following foundations:the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62322309,62433004)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(23S41900500)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-16).
文摘Fault diagnosis in industrial process is essential for ensuring production safety and efficiency.However,existing methods exhibit limited capability in recognizing hard samples and struggle to maintain consistency in feature distributions across domains,resulting in suboptimal performance and robustness.Therefore,this paper proposes a fault diagnosis neural network for hard sample mining and domain adaptive(SmdaNet).First,the method uses deep belief networks(DBN)to build a diagnostic model.Hard samples are mined based on the loss values,dividing the data set into hard and easy samples.Second,elastic weight consolidation(EWC)is used to train the model on hard samples,effectively preventing information forgetting.Finally,the feature space domain adaptation is introduced to optimize the feature space by minimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the feature distributions.Experimental results show that the proposed SmdaNet method outperforms existing approaches in terms of classification accuracy,robustness and interpretability on the penicillin simulation and Tennessee Eastman process datasets.
基金funded by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.:KZ202210017025)Science and Technology Projects of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.:BE2021756).
文摘Due to its high sensitivity and non-destructive nature,Raman spectroscopy has become an essential analytical tool in biopharmaceutical analysis and drug development.Despite of the computational demands,data requirements,or ethical considerations,artificial intelligence(AI)and particularly deep learning algorithms has further advanced Raman spectroscopy by enhancing data processing,feature extraction,and model optimization,which not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of Raman spectroscopy detection,but also greatly expands its range of application.AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has numerous applications in biomedicine,including characterizing drug structures,analyzing drug forms,controlling drug quality,identifying components,and studying drug-biomolecule interactions.AI-guided Raman spectroscopy has also revolutionized biomedical research and clinical diagnostics,particularly in disease early diagnosis and treatment optimization.Therefore,AI methods are crucial to advancing Raman spectroscopy in biopharmaceutical research and clinical diagnostics,offering new perspectives and tools for disease treatment and pharmaceutical process control.In summary,integrating AI and Raman spectroscopy in biomedicine has significantly improved analytical capabilities,offering innovative approaches for research and clinical applications.
基金The funding has been received from CSIR New Delhi.
文摘Xylonic acid is a versatile and valuable chemical with a range of industrial and potential health applications.The high demand for renewable energy and sustainable products has increased interest in xylonic acid as a starting material for the production of variety of high value chemicals and biofuels.The production of xylonic acid from biomass have an added advantage that it provides an opportunity to utilize bio-waste materials that would otherwise be discarded,reducing environmental hazards and reducing waste disposal costs.The aim of this research was to establish a bioprocess for producing xylonic acid from acid pre-treated sawdust liquor via fermentation,utilizing metabolically engineered strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 31831.A maximum titre of 48.5±0.2 g/L xylonic acid from 60 g/L xylose derived from biomass was obtained with a yield of 0.89 g/g xylose which corresponds to a conversion of 62%.30.8±0.4 g/L of xylonic acid crystals of 95.5%purity were successfully recovered from 1L sawdust APL(Acid Pre-treated Liquor)via solvent precipitation and crystallization.Purified xylonic acid crystals were checked for its antibacterial effect on Salmonella enterica MTCC 3224,Escherichia coli MTCC 443 and Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96.
文摘With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wide implementation of relevant standards,and accelerate the globalization process of green product trade through high-level communication.Lyu Xuefeng,Director of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT),Chinese Academy of Sciences,emphasized in his address that the product carbon footprint management system is the important support for industrial green transformation.The geographic information system-life cycle assessment(GIS-LCA)technology has been originally proposed and adopted as the core content of the national standard GB/T 24067-2024,Greenhouse gases-Carbon footprint of products-Requirements and guidelines for quantification.
