On 19 June 2023,the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction(BBNJ Agreement)was a...On 19 June 2023,the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction(BBNJ Agreement)was adopted.The BBNJ Agreement aims to regulate the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction,including the high seas and the international seabed area.The BBNJ Agreement enters into an already crowded institutional landscape as a global authority with broad objectives,inevitably interacting with existing institutions,frameworks,and bodies(IFBs).Existing research has primarily focused on two areas:the first examines the impact of the institutions established by the BBNJ Agreement on existing marine governance IFBs;the second explores its influence on issues currently lacking institutional arrangements.However,comparatively little attention has been given to the Agreement’s potential impact on governance gaps within established systems.This paper takes the case of marine genetic resource(MGRs)management in the Antarctic Treaty Area to explore how the BBNJ Agreement may address regulatory gaps in a competent governance framework.Due to shortcomings in addressing core issues,concerning the legal status of MGRs access regulations,benefit-sharing mechanisms,and disclosure of origin,the Agreement is unlikely to have a significant impact on the governance of MGRs in the Antarctic Treaty System(ATS)in the short term.On the other hand,the ATS,as an effective governance framework for the Antarctic Treaty Area,has mature regulations and practical experience in Antarctic governance.Over the years,the ATS has focused on regulating bioprospecting activities as scientific research ones and strict environmental impact assessment procedures.However,there has not been an effective consensus on the regulation of commercial biological prospecting.This paper further explores the coordination issue between the BBNJ Agreement and the ATS,suggesting that in the future,MGRs governance in the Antarctic Treaty Area may evolve into a polycentric governance system.展开更多
全球治理是人类合理开发、利用和保护海洋的必然趋势,而国家管辖范围以外区域海洋生物多样性(Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond International Jurisdiction,BBNJ)养护与可持续利用是其热点问题。在国际法基本范畴的视域下,BBNJ事...全球治理是人类合理开发、利用和保护海洋的必然趋势,而国家管辖范围以外区域海洋生物多样性(Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond International Jurisdiction,BBNJ)养护与可持续利用是其热点问题。在国际法基本范畴的视域下,BBNJ事务主体责任感的缺失将削弱国际合作的政治基础,并造成本体构建的现实困境。在关联论的路径下,国际社会就BBNJ协定的部分规则达成一定共识,但多元化主体有关海洋法基本原则的不同认识导致了新的冲突。作为海洋大国,中国综合实力的日益增强必然要求其积极参与和引领BBNJ法律制度的创设。人类命运共同体理念为全球海洋治理提供了价值基础。基于其人类主体观和可持续发展观的价值导向,具有灵活性和自治性的国际软法成为BBNJ问题规制的有效路径。通过外交软实力和国际软法的互动,复合型海洋法治人才的培养将增强中国BBNJ协定谈判的议题设置能力和规则创设能力。这不仅有益于促进BBNJ协定的谈判,也有利于树立中国在全球海洋治理中负责任大国的国际形象。展开更多
基金funded by China Arctic and Antarctic Administration(Contract no.JDB2024060701014).
文摘On 19 June 2023,the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction(BBNJ Agreement)was adopted.The BBNJ Agreement aims to regulate the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction,including the high seas and the international seabed area.The BBNJ Agreement enters into an already crowded institutional landscape as a global authority with broad objectives,inevitably interacting with existing institutions,frameworks,and bodies(IFBs).Existing research has primarily focused on two areas:the first examines the impact of the institutions established by the BBNJ Agreement on existing marine governance IFBs;the second explores its influence on issues currently lacking institutional arrangements.However,comparatively little attention has been given to the Agreement’s potential impact on governance gaps within established systems.This paper takes the case of marine genetic resource(MGRs)management in the Antarctic Treaty Area to explore how the BBNJ Agreement may address regulatory gaps in a competent governance framework.Due to shortcomings in addressing core issues,concerning the legal status of MGRs access regulations,benefit-sharing mechanisms,and disclosure of origin,the Agreement is unlikely to have a significant impact on the governance of MGRs in the Antarctic Treaty System(ATS)in the short term.On the other hand,the ATS,as an effective governance framework for the Antarctic Treaty Area,has mature regulations and practical experience in Antarctic governance.Over the years,the ATS has focused on regulating bioprospecting activities as scientific research ones and strict environmental impact assessment procedures.However,there has not been an effective consensus on the regulation of commercial biological prospecting.This paper further explores the coordination issue between the BBNJ Agreement and the ATS,suggesting that in the future,MGRs governance in the Antarctic Treaty Area may evolve into a polycentric governance system.
文摘全球治理是人类合理开发、利用和保护海洋的必然趋势,而国家管辖范围以外区域海洋生物多样性(Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond International Jurisdiction,BBNJ)养护与可持续利用是其热点问题。在国际法基本范畴的视域下,BBNJ事务主体责任感的缺失将削弱国际合作的政治基础,并造成本体构建的现实困境。在关联论的路径下,国际社会就BBNJ协定的部分规则达成一定共识,但多元化主体有关海洋法基本原则的不同认识导致了新的冲突。作为海洋大国,中国综合实力的日益增强必然要求其积极参与和引领BBNJ法律制度的创设。人类命运共同体理念为全球海洋治理提供了价值基础。基于其人类主体观和可持续发展观的价值导向,具有灵活性和自治性的国际软法成为BBNJ问题规制的有效路径。通过外交软实力和国际软法的互动,复合型海洋法治人才的培养将增强中国BBNJ协定谈判的议题设置能力和规则创设能力。这不仅有益于促进BBNJ协定的谈判,也有利于树立中国在全球海洋治理中负责任大国的国际形象。
