In this work, gravity anomalies from the XGM2016 global gravity model are used to study the basement of the Yaounde, Yoko area. The aim is to locate the characteristic tectonic faults and to characterize the geometry ...In this work, gravity anomalies from the XGM2016 global gravity model are used to study the basement of the Yaounde, Yoko area. The aim is to locate the characteristic tectonic faults and to characterize the geometry of the basement of these localities in order to improve the knowledge of the structural and tectonic basement of the study area. Numerical filters (vertical gradient, horizontal gradient, upward continuation) and Euler deconvolution were applied to the gravity anomalies respectively for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the qualitative analysis allowed us to establish the lineament map of the study area;ranging from 0 to 35 km depth. For the quantitative analysis, the work is done in two parts: 1) highlighting the distribution of depths of geological structures in the basement of the study area;2) 2D1/2 modeling of geological structures to highlight the geometry of the basement of Yaounde, Yoko area. Thus, from five suitably selected profiles, the established models reveal the presence of eight blocks of geological structures of different densities and analyze their implications on the Sanaga Fault. Moreover, the models show that the positive anomalies characteristics for the Sanaga Fault reflect the anomalous character due to the strong dominance of the shale intrusion in the basement.展开更多
In order to predict the bottom backscattering strength more accurately, the stratified structure of the seafloor is considered. The seafloor is viewed as an elastic half-space basement covered by a fluid sediment laye...In order to predict the bottom backscattering strength more accurately, the stratified structure of the seafloor is considered. The seafloor is viewed as an elastic half-space basement covered by a fluid sediment layer with finite thickness. On the basis of calculating acoustic field in the water, the sediment layer, and the basement, four kinds of scattering mechanisms are taken into account, including roughness scattering from the water-sediment interface, volume scattering from the sediment layer, roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface,and volume scattering from the basement. Then a backscattering model for a stratified seafloor applying to low frequency（0.1-10 kHz） is established. The simulation results show that the roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface and the volume scattering from the basement are more prominent at relative low frequency（below 1.0 kHz）. While with the increase of the frequency, the contribution of them to total bottom scattering gradually becomes weak. And the results ultimately approach to the predictions of the high-frequency（10-100 kHz） bottom scattering model. When the sound speed and attenuation of the shear wave in the basement gradually decrease, the prediction of the model tends to that of the full fluid model, which validates the backscattering model for the stratified seafloor in another aspect.展开更多
The precise seismic substructural interpretation of the Turkwal oil field in the Central Potwar region of district Chakwal of Pakistan has been carried out. The research work was confined to the large fore-thrust that...The precise seismic substructural interpretation of the Turkwal oil field in the Central Potwar region of district Chakwal of Pakistan has been carried out. The research work was confined to the large fore-thrust that serves as an anticlinal structural trap through ten 2 D seismic lines. A precise seismic substructural model of the Eocene Chorgali Limestone with precise orientation of thrust and oblique slip faults shows the presence of a huge fracture, which made this deposit a good reservoir. The abrupt surface changes in dip azimuth for the Eocene Chorgali Limestone verifies the structural trends and also the presence of structural traps in the Turkwal field. The logs of three wells(Turkwal deep X-2, Turkwal-01 and Fimkassar-01) were analyzed for petrophysical studies, well synthetic results and generation of an Amplitude Versus Offset(AVO) model for the area. The AVO model of Turkwal deep X-2 shows abrupt changes in amplitude, which depicts the presence of hydrocarbon content. Well correlation technique was used to define the overall stratigraphic setting and the thickness of the reservoir formation in two wells, Turkwal-01 and Turkwal deep X-2. The Eocene Chorgali Limestone in Turkwal-01 is an upward thrusted anticlinal structure and because of the close position of both wells to the faulted anticlinal structure, its lesser thickness differs compared to Turkwal deep X-2. The overall results confirm that the Turkwal field is comparable to several similar thrust-bound oil-bearing structures in the Potwar basin.展开更多
目的探讨基底膜相关基因(basement membrane related genes,BMRGs)在结肠癌的临床预后和免疫特征。方法从文献中收集了222个BMRGs,在TCGA队列应用LASSO-Cox回归方法建立风险评分模型,并使用GSE87211队列验证。此外,构建包含BMRGs风险评...目的探讨基底膜相关基因(basement membrane related genes,BMRGs)在结肠癌的临床预后和免疫特征。方法从文献中收集了222个BMRGs,在TCGA队列应用LASSO-Cox回归方法建立风险评分模型,并使用GSE87211队列验证。此外,构建包含BMRGs风险评分和临床因素的列线图预测结肠癌患者的生存预后。最后,评估风险评分亚组的蛋白功能富集状态、免疫浸润水平、药物敏感性分析和单细胞表达情况。结果9个BMRGs构建的风险亚组与结肠癌患者的预后高度相关(P<0.001)。其中ADAMTS4、GPC2、UNC5A、ITGA7、LAMA2、PODN是预后不佳因素,ADAMTS8、UNC5D、MMP1是预后保护因素。整合BMRGs风险评分、TNM肿瘤分期和患者年龄的列线图有助于提高预后不良患者的识别效率。蛋白功能分析显示高风险组的上调基因富集于Hedgehog信号通路并参与上皮-间充质转化;相较于高风险组,低风险组免疫细胞浸润程度更高;药物敏感性分析显示,高风险组患者对AZD7762、Wee1激酶抑制剂的敏感性较高;低风险组患者对SB505124的敏感性较高;单细胞分析显示:GPC2、ADAMTS4、PODN、LAMA2、ITGA7基因在结肠癌的肿瘤细胞中均存在高表达。结论本研究建立并验证了基于BMRGs的风险评分模型,为预测结肠癌患者的预后状态提供了一项有效的临床参考指标。展开更多
文摘In this work, gravity anomalies from the XGM2016 global gravity model are used to study the basement of the Yaounde, Yoko area. The aim is to locate the characteristic tectonic faults and to characterize the geometry of the basement of these localities in order to improve the knowledge of the structural and tectonic basement of the study area. Numerical filters (vertical gradient, horizontal gradient, upward continuation) and Euler deconvolution were applied to the gravity anomalies respectively for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the qualitative analysis allowed us to establish the lineament map of the study area;ranging from 0 to 35 km depth. For the quantitative analysis, the work is done in two parts: 1) highlighting the distribution of depths of geological structures in the basement of the study area;2) 2D1/2 modeling of geological structures to highlight the geometry of the basement of Yaounde, Yoko area. Thus, from five suitably selected profiles, the established models reveal the presence of eight blocks of geological structures of different densities and analyze their implications on the Sanaga Fault. Moreover, the models show that the positive anomalies characteristics for the Sanaga Fault reflect the anomalous character due to the strong dominance of the shale intrusion in the basement.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41606081,41330965 and 41527809the Taishan Scholar Project Funding under contract No.tspd20161007
文摘In order to predict the bottom backscattering strength more accurately, the stratified structure of the seafloor is considered. The seafloor is viewed as an elastic half-space basement covered by a fluid sediment layer with finite thickness. On the basis of calculating acoustic field in the water, the sediment layer, and the basement, four kinds of scattering mechanisms are taken into account, including roughness scattering from the water-sediment interface, volume scattering from the sediment layer, roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface,and volume scattering from the basement. Then a backscattering model for a stratified seafloor applying to low frequency（0.1-10 kHz） is established. The simulation results show that the roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface and the volume scattering from the basement are more prominent at relative low frequency（below 1.0 kHz）. While with the increase of the frequency, the contribution of them to total bottom scattering gradually becomes weak. And the results ultimately approach to the predictions of the high-frequency（10-100 kHz） bottom scattering model. When the sound speed and attenuation of the shear wave in the basement gradually decrease, the prediction of the model tends to that of the full fluid model, which validates the backscattering model for the stratified seafloor in another aspect.
文摘The precise seismic substructural interpretation of the Turkwal oil field in the Central Potwar region of district Chakwal of Pakistan has been carried out. The research work was confined to the large fore-thrust that serves as an anticlinal structural trap through ten 2 D seismic lines. A precise seismic substructural model of the Eocene Chorgali Limestone with precise orientation of thrust and oblique slip faults shows the presence of a huge fracture, which made this deposit a good reservoir. The abrupt surface changes in dip azimuth for the Eocene Chorgali Limestone verifies the structural trends and also the presence of structural traps in the Turkwal field. The logs of three wells(Turkwal deep X-2, Turkwal-01 and Fimkassar-01) were analyzed for petrophysical studies, well synthetic results and generation of an Amplitude Versus Offset(AVO) model for the area. The AVO model of Turkwal deep X-2 shows abrupt changes in amplitude, which depicts the presence of hydrocarbon content. Well correlation technique was used to define the overall stratigraphic setting and the thickness of the reservoir formation in two wells, Turkwal-01 and Turkwal deep X-2. The Eocene Chorgali Limestone in Turkwal-01 is an upward thrusted anticlinal structure and because of the close position of both wells to the faulted anticlinal structure, its lesser thickness differs compared to Turkwal deep X-2. The overall results confirm that the Turkwal field is comparable to several similar thrust-bound oil-bearing structures in the Potwar basin.
文摘目的探讨基底膜相关基因(basement membrane related genes,BMRGs)在结肠癌的临床预后和免疫特征。方法从文献中收集了222个BMRGs,在TCGA队列应用LASSO-Cox回归方法建立风险评分模型,并使用GSE87211队列验证。此外,构建包含BMRGs风险评分和临床因素的列线图预测结肠癌患者的生存预后。最后,评估风险评分亚组的蛋白功能富集状态、免疫浸润水平、药物敏感性分析和单细胞表达情况。结果9个BMRGs构建的风险亚组与结肠癌患者的预后高度相关(P<0.001)。其中ADAMTS4、GPC2、UNC5A、ITGA7、LAMA2、PODN是预后不佳因素,ADAMTS8、UNC5D、MMP1是预后保护因素。整合BMRGs风险评分、TNM肿瘤分期和患者年龄的列线图有助于提高预后不良患者的识别效率。蛋白功能分析显示高风险组的上调基因富集于Hedgehog信号通路并参与上皮-间充质转化;相较于高风险组,低风险组免疫细胞浸润程度更高;药物敏感性分析显示,高风险组患者对AZD7762、Wee1激酶抑制剂的敏感性较高;低风险组患者对SB505124的敏感性较高;单细胞分析显示:GPC2、ADAMTS4、PODN、LAMA2、ITGA7基因在结肠癌的肿瘤细胞中均存在高表达。结论本研究建立并验证了基于BMRGs的风险评分模型,为预测结肠癌患者的预后状态提供了一项有效的临床参考指标。
