Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medi...Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).展开更多
Objective:To understand the facilitators and barriers for frail kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)practicing Baduanjin,and to provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention strategies.Subjects and Methods:Sem...Objective:To understand the facilitators and barriers for frail kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)practicing Baduanjin,and to provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention strategies.Subjects and Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 frail KTRs who participated in a 3-month Baduanjin practice.The Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to analyze,summarize,and extract themes from the interview data.Results:Two themes were extracted:facilitators and barriers.Facilitators included intrinsic motivation and perceived benefits,while barriers included conflicts with practice time,worsening physical condition,lack of immediate benefits,and difficulty integrating into daily life.Conclusion:The practice of Baduanjin by frail KTRs is influenced by various factors.Healthcare professionals should develop personalized intervention plans that take into account these factors and the needs of the patients.展开更多
Objective:This review examined the co-morbidity of malaria and hypertension in Nigerian adults,with a focus on epidemiological trends,genetic and environmental risk factors,pathophysiological mechanisms,and systemic h...Objective:This review examined the co-morbidity of malaria and hypertension in Nigerian adults,with a focus on epidemiological trends,genetic and environmental risk factors,pathophysiological mechanisms,and systemic healthcare barriers.Methods:A qualitative synthesis of peer-reviewed literature,national health surveys,and institutional reports published between 2000 and 2025 was conducted using thematic analysis.While centered on Nigeria,the review incorporated comparative insights from global studies on renin angiotensin aldosterone system polymorphisms,co-infection dynamics,and health service inequalities.Results:The findings indicate overlapping risk factors including renin angiotensin aldosterone system gene polymorphisms,urbanization,and poverty.Angiotensin Ⅱ demonstrates dual functions,contributing both to malaria suppression and to hypertension pathogenesis.Clinical challenges include diagnostic overlap,adverse drug interactions,and disparities in service delivery between rural and urban populations.These challenges particularly affect older adults and highlight systemic gaps in access,workforce distribution,and policy alignment.Conclusion:The dual burden of malaria and hypertension in Nigeria requires integrated disease management strategies that address both communicable and non-communicable disease risks.Urgent priorities include multisectoral policy reforms,expanded rural health investments,and the adoption of precision medicine approaches guided by genetic profiling.The implications extend to clinical practice through co-screening and tailored treatment protocols and to public health policy,where integrated frameworks are essential to reducing inequities and improving long-term outcomes.展开更多
Liver transplantation is a vital intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease;however,the Arab world faces significant barriers that hinder access to this life-saving procedure in terms of both practice and ...Liver transplantation is a vital intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease;however,the Arab world faces significant barriers that hinder access to this life-saving procedure in terms of both practice and research.This narrative review explores the multifaceted challenges,including financial constraints,limited healthcare infrastructure,cultural factors,and the prevalence of infectious diseases.In the Arab countries,both culture and religion were found to play major roles in the acceptability of liver transplantation.High rates of misconceptions and financial strain on patients and healthcare systems necessitate more transplantation programs and improved financial coverage and insurance policies.Enhancing healthcare facilities and improving access to innovative technologies through research is essential for optimizing transplantation outcomes,considering that common diseases in the region decrease the donor pool and increase complication risks.Public health initiatives to prevent and control prevalent liver diseases,particularly hepatitis,and to manage infection risk are also critical.Stricter regulations should be enforced in less developed countries in the region along with early screening practices to address inherited blood disorders and infectious diseases.Additionally,targeted research on liver diseases specific to the Arab context is crucial,along with fostering dialogue about cultural,religious,economic,and health-related factors affecting donor and recipient eligibility.By tackling these complex barriers through targeted comprehensive strategies,the Arab world can advance to a more equitable and effective liver transplantation system,ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.展开更多
BACKGROUNDLimited research exists on attitudes and barriers to organ donation in the UnitedArab Emirates, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of public perceptionsand challenges.AIMTo assess the attitudes...BACKGROUNDLimited research exists on attitudes and barriers to organ donation in the UnitedArab Emirates, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of public perceptionsand challenges.AIMTo assess the attitudes and barriers toward organ donation.METHODSA cross-sectional study was adopted and included 607 samples consisting ofstudents, faculty, and staff who were selected from three universities in Ajmanand who had signed consent forms. A validated self-administered questionnairethat included 13 attitudes and 14 barrier items was used as a tool. The reliabilityof the tool was 0.89 (Cronbach's alpha). In the analysis of attitude scores, responseswere rated on a scale from 0 to 4, with 0 representing 'strongly disagree'and 4 representing 'strongly agree' for supportive attitudes towards organdonation. Participants with a total attitude score of 39 or higher indicated agreementor strong agreement with all items, reflecting a generally supportiveattitude toward organ donation. Lower scores suggested that the respondent wasneutral or disagreed with one or more items, indicating a less supportive attitudetoward organ donation. Knowledge about organ donation was assessed by selfadministeredquestionnaire that included 13 items. Analysis was done using SPSSversion 29. χ2 was used to assess associations between variables.RESULTSMost participants were young (≤ 30 years old, 83.7%), female (79.2%), from World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region countries (69.5%), Muslim (82.4%), students (80.6%), single(83.9%), and from a nursing college (33.1%). The majority had no personal or family history of organ donation(93.2% and 93.9%, respectively). Supportive attitudes toward organ donation were significantly associated withreligion (P = 0.003), working status (P = 0.009), university (P = 0.019), and knowledge (P < 0.001). Additionally,those with a personal or family history of organ donation were significantly more supportive (56.8% vs 33.3%, P =0.004). Lack of awareness was the most reported barrier for organ donation (64.1%) followed by being afraid oforgan donation due to medical procedures required (51.9%).CONCLUSIONThe findings suggest that supportive attitudes toward organ donation are influenced by demographic factors,personal experiences, and knowledge levels. Lack of awareness and fear of medical procedures were the mostreported barriers to organ donation. These results highlight the need for targeted educational programs to increaseawareness and promote positive attitudes toward organ donation.展开更多
Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress ...Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress and increasing psychological resilience;however,implementation is difficult due to unpredictability of the job,department culture,and generational preferences.The objective of this qualitative study was to identify and enhance understanding of the specific needs and potential barriers and facilitators for the implementation of mindfulness-based programming for community-based first responders.Methods:A phenomenological qualitative study design was used to gain insights into the lived experiences of first responders and elicit perceptions regarding barriers and facilitators for engaging in mindfulness activities.During virtual semi-structured interviews,eleven career firefighters and emergency medical service(EMS)providers offered feedback relative to worksite mindfulness practices,and the use of a stress reduction smartphone application.The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the analysis relative to barriers and facilitators of implementation success and sustainability.Results:First responders expressed openness to mindfulness-based interventions and a smartphone app that would provide stress reduction content,however,they were adamant that programming needed to be accessible and easily integrated into their workday.They also reinforced that organizational culture and leadership support for their health and well-being were overarching factors essential for implementation success.Conclusions:First responders were supportive of evidence-based mindfulness practices,optimally developed and/or facilitated by someone with intimate knowledge of their unique work environments and challenges.Organizational culture and leadership support were essential for implementation success and sustainability.展开更多
Born and raised in Japan,Tatsuya Amano started learning English in the 7th grade.But after finishing his doctorate at the University of Tokyo in 2006,he began traveling to international scientific conferences.To his d...Born and raised in Japan,Tatsuya Amano started learning English in the 7th grade.But after finishing his doctorate at the University of Tokyo in 2006,he began traveling to international scientific conferences.To his dismay,he discovered his English was not good enough to allow him to converse with many of the other participants.“I found so many barriers to communicating with other people in English,”recalled Amano,now an associate professor in the School of the Environment at the University of Queensland in Brisbane,Australia.展开更多
This review examines the critical risks,barriers,and success factors in achieving sustainable affordable housing(SAH)by addressing environmental,economic,social and technical dimensions of sustainability.The aim of th...This review examines the critical risks,barriers,and success factors in achieving sustainable affordable housing(SAH)by addressing environmental,economic,social and technical dimensions of sustainability.The aim of this study is to identify different critical risks and barriers to the development of the Sustainable Affordable Housing(SAH)CSF framework.The objectives of this research are to define SAH(Sustainable Affordable Housing)and important factors for achieving SAH and to develop SAH Critical Success Factors(CSFs)frameworks.To achieve these objectives,there are two methods for reviewing and analyzing documents,i.e.,systematic review and bibliographic review.The years of publication are limited to 2014 to 2023 in the English language and restricted to open access.A total of 63 articles were retrieved and screened for relevance identified as directly relevant to our topic using the PRISMA systematic review process.The growth pattern aligns strongly with an exponential growth model,as evidenced by a high R^(2) value of 0.9133 indicating a robust correlation and demonstrating the accelerating interest in the field over the past decade.This comprehensive analysis led to the development of the sustainable affordable housing(SAH)critical success framework,providing a structured approach to understanding and implementing critical factors for sustainable and affordable housing initiatives.The findings emphasize the need for integrated policy reforms,innovative construction technologies,and collaborative stakeholder engagement to advance the SAH agenda.Future research directions include conducting longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impacts of SAH policies,comparative analyses of international best practices,and explorations into emerging construction technologies.展开更多
Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are crystalline and porous materials formed from periodically organized organic molecules bonded covalently to create highly stable architectures.Their mechanical properties can be pre...Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are crystalline and porous materials formed from periodically organized organic molecules bonded covalently to create highly stable architectures.Their mechanical properties can be precisely adjusted through structural modifications,making COFs exceptionally suitable for applications in cancer treatment and drug delivery.This review summarizes strategies for controlling the mechanical properties of COFs,including adjustments in structural dimensions,pore sizes and host-vip interactions.The remarkable advancements in drug delivery,cancer therapy,photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy achieved through COFs with tunable mechanical properties are then discussed.By providing deeper insights into the biomedical applications of COF systems,this reviewaims to foster interdisciplinary research combining nanomedicine and COF materials.Additionally,the review explores recent studies and discoveries on COFs’potential as innovative drug carriers capable of biological overcoming barriers such as the blood-brain barrier,nasal mucosa,cutaneous layers and oral mucosa.Greater insight into both the limitations and potential of COFs could pave the way for developing more effective and targeted strategies within this challenging field.展开更多
1|Introduction The Federal Republic of Somalia,often perceived as linguistically homogeneous,is home to a rich tapestry of dialects and minority languages that reflect its diverse cultural heritage.While Somali is the...1|Introduction The Federal Republic of Somalia,often perceived as linguistically homogeneous,is home to a rich tapestry of dialects and minority languages that reflect its diverse cultural heritage.While Somali is the official medium of communication,it is divided into two major dialects:Maxaa Tiri(spoken by approximately 60%of the population)and Maay(spoken by approximately 20%of the population)[1].Minority languages such as Bravanese(also known as Chimwiini or Chimbalazi),Mushunguli,Benadiri Somali,and Kibajuni are spoken by smaller communities,particularly in the southern and coastal regions[1].展开更多
Dear Editor,Reproductive healthcare and autonomy are integral to overall health,well-being,and human fundamental rights[1].However,for individuals with disabilities,access to reproductive healthcare and their autonomy...Dear Editor,Reproductive healthcare and autonomy are integral to overall health,well-being,and human fundamental rights[1].However,for individuals with disabilities,access to reproductive healthcare and their autonomy is significantly jeopardized due to a combination of parameters[1].Disabled people have to deal with a wide range of social barriers while they decide to access healthcare facilities for reproductive health[2,3].展开更多
After 20 years of rapid development,China's photovoltaic industry has become a leading industry in the international market.In recent years,photovoltaic power,a renewable and clean energy,has attracted global atte...After 20 years of rapid development,China's photovoltaic industry has become a leading industry in the international market.In recent years,photovoltaic power,a renewable and clean energy,has attracted global attention.This paper sorts out the technical barriers to trade related to the photovoltaic industry in Europe and the United States,analyzes the short-term and long-term impact on China,and finally puts forward countermeasures.展开更多
Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for...Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research(CFIR).Methods The sample consisted of 17 nurses from three urology wards at a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,who had participated in the EBP.Guided by the CFIR,we identified constructs influencing the sustainability of implementation by conducting a directed content analysis of the 17 individual in-depth interviews.By rating,the valence and magnitude of each construct were determined.Results This study identified 19 factors across the five domains of the CFIR.Among these determinants,16 were identified as barriers,while three were recognized as facilitators.Common barriers across different contexts were identified,such as delayed evidence updating,the complexity of intervention components and steps,and incompatibility between the implementation process and clinical practices.In contrast,facilitators of intervention implementation were regular communication and feedback,support and drive from principals and a positive cultural atmosphere.In addition,we identified“regular evidence updating”as an independent construct outside of the CFIR,a finding that will provide key information for updating the CFIR framework.Conclusions Regular evidence updating is crucial for the sustainability of EBP implementation.Researchers should receive consistent feedback from practitioners and adjust or modify the EBP as necessary.Additionally,researchers must consider the compatibility or adaptability of the EBP’s content with clinical practice in formulating it rather than adding additional complexity to the original workflow.展开更多
Traffic-induced ground vibrations cause significant problems for residents and nearby structures.Reducing the effect of these vibrations on the neighboring environment is a key challenge,particularly in urban areas.Th...Traffic-induced ground vibrations cause significant problems for residents and nearby structures.Reducing the effect of these vibrations on the neighboring environment is a key challenge,particularly in urban areas.This study presents both numerical and experimental investigations of the performance of mass scatters for screening ground vibrations.A three-dimensional numerical model is validated and extended to conduct a comparative study on the efficiency of three geotechnical methods of isolation.These methods include trench barriers,waveimpeding blocks(WIBs),and mass scatters.The results showed that mass scatters represent an efficient way of scattering ground vibrations,and their efficiency is mainly related to the weights of mass scatters and their natural frequency,which control the dynamic soil response in the frequency domain.Rigid trench barriers are less effective than soft ones,and their efficiency is more pronounced regarding the WIB.Soft barriers with a depth of an order of half of the wavelength can decrease the vibration levels by up to 50%,which is comparable to the performance of enormous mass scatters.The dimensions of WIBs must be chosen according to the wavelength of incident waves and the cutoff frequency of the topsoil layer.Considering the significant wavelength of traffic-induced vibration,the use of trench barriers or WIBs becomes impractical and expensive;therefore,mass scatters appear to be an efficient and practical solution.展开更多
With the increasing use of technology in language education,understanding the benefits and barriers of mobile-assisted language learning(MALL)is crucial for effective integration.Qualitative data were collected throug...With the increasing use of technology in language education,understanding the benefits and barriers of mobile-assisted language learning(MALL)is crucial for effective integration.Qualitative data were collected through interviews among Chinese English teachers in universities.Thematic analysis was employed to identify themes.The findings reveal that Chinese English teachers perceive MALL to offer benefits like convenience,effectiveness,efficiency,engagement,personalization,and resource richness.However,several barriers were identified,including low teacher ability,student device misuse,lack of institutional support,technical limitations,health concerns,and time constraints.These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of MALL in Chinese universities and have implications for language teaching practice.展开更多
The anti-inflammatory properties of silkworm pupa peptide(SPP)have been recognized for their potential benefits in colitis treatment.However,the underlying mechanism of SPP in colitis animal models remains unclear.The...The anti-inflammatory properties of silkworm pupa peptide(SPP)have been recognized for their potential benefits in colitis treatment.However,the underlying mechanism of SPP in colitis animal models remains unclear.The objective of our work was to investigate the improving effect and the mechanism of action of SPP on a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis.The findings suggested that SPP effectively eased ulcerative colitis(UC)symptoms in mice by decreasing disease activity index,ameliorating histopathological injury,and decreasing serum and colonic markers of inflammation.In addition,our research findings demonstrated that SPP restored intestinal barrier function by increasing the production of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),claudin-1,claudin-3,occludin,and adherens junction protein E-cadherin1.Further,SPP supplementation enhanced the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and positively altered the makeup of the gut bacteria in the mice's gut.These findings underscore SPP's ability to slow the progression of colitis and point to its possible use as a functional component in dietary supplements for the prevention of early-stage colitis.展开更多
Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system;among them,glioblastoma multiforme stands out as the most aggressive and lethal subtype,characterized by high therapeutic resistance and frequen...Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system;among them,glioblastoma multiforme stands out as the most aggressive and lethal subtype,characterized by high therapeutic resistance and frequent recurrences.Glioblastoma’s complex pathology is driven by biological and molecular factors that compromise conventional therapies,including blood-brain and bloodtumor barriers,angiogenesis,immune evasion,and aberrant signaling pathways,along with genetic drivers of drug resistance.In cancer therapy,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)have shown promise as nanocarriers thanks to the unique attributes of their mesostructure,including large surfaces,uniform pore sizes,high loading efficiency,and flexibility of chemical modifications.Several studies have proposed MSNs to address a number of challenges facing drug delivery in gliomas,including limited penetration across the blood-brain barrier,non-specific biodistribution,and systemic adverse reactions.Moreover,MSNs can be functionalized with tumor-targeting ligands so that cancer cells are selectively taken up,while they can also release therapeutic agents in response to internal and external stimuli,enabling controlled drug delivery within tumor microenvironments.Herein,we review the integration of the MSN-based delivery approach with advances in molecular oncology to improve clinical outcomes for glioma therapeutics,while highlighting the concerns around their limited clinical translation and potential toxicity.展开更多
Global warming has led to the frequent occurrence of extreme climatic events(ECEs)in the ecologically frag ile Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Rural households face strong barriers in adaption,and food production is seriously ...Global warming has led to the frequent occurrence of extreme climatic events(ECEs)in the ecologically frag ile Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Rural households face strong barriers in adaption,and food production is seriously threatened.Current methods for increasing household adaptability take a holistic point of view,but do not ac curately identify groups experiencing different adaptive barriers.To better identify different barriers,this paper examines natural,economic,cognitive,and technical barriers.A total of 17 indicators were selected to com prehensively evaluate the degree of barriers to crops adaptation in response to ECEs.Key factors were further analyzed to identify paths to break down the barriers.The results showed the following.(1)Natural barriers were present at the highest degree,economic barriers appear to be smallest,and the overall barriers were bi ased towards the lower quartile.10.82%of the households with the highest barriers.(2)67.38%of households report taking adaptive measures in crops production.The increase of the barriers leads to an increase and then a decrease in the possibility of adaptive behavior.(3)Addressing technical barriers is key to rapidly increasing household adaptive behavior in response to ECEs.The study provides recommendations for local governments to improve household adaptation behavior from two perspectives:short-term and long-term optimization path ways.This study can help governments quickly locate households with different classes of barriers,and propose more targeted adaptation policies.The ultimate goal is to ensure the sustainability of crops production and the well-being of households in northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.展开更多
To date,the United States(U.S.)has been the most heavily impacted country by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).By November 30,2020,when this paper was written,13.5 million cases were reported in the U.S.with over...To date,the United States(U.S.)has been the most heavily impacted country by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).By November 30,2020,when this paper was written,13.5 million cases were reported in the U.S.with over 268000 deaths.Historically,vaccines have been one of the most effective and efficient technical tools for controlling a communicable disease.While the development of these vaccines has certainly been a challenge,it could be more challenging to achieve robust vaccine uptake because of many barriers.In this review,we focused on two types of barriers documented from long-term experience in the U.S.:structural and attitudinal.Structural barriers are systemic issues that impact one's ability to access a service,and they include time,transportation,cost,and clinic or outlet location;while attitudinal barriers are beliefs or perceptions that impact the willingness of at-risk individuals to seek out and/or accept a service.In the context of vaccination they include beliefs about the communicable disease,beliefs about vaccines,fear,and trust in healthcare and governmental agencies.Of the attitudinal barriers,public trust is a barrier that is of particular importance.In addition to affecting reception of vaccines,it may exacerbate disparities and reduce the likelihood of success of a vaccination program.Recommendations are made to overcome attitudinal barriers to help improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs for COVID-19 control in the U.S.,such as building public support through bipartisan endorsements and leveraging social media platforms to promote vaccination.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82222068,82070423,82270348,and 82173779)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Pro-gram of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No:ZYYCXTD-D-202206)+1 种基金Fujian Province Science and Technology Project,China(Grant Nos.:2021J01420479,2021J02058,2022J011374,and 2022J02057)Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities,China(Grant No.:20720230070).
文摘Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).
基金funded by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072553)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022-JYB-JBZR-026).
文摘Objective:To understand the facilitators and barriers for frail kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)practicing Baduanjin,and to provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention strategies.Subjects and Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 frail KTRs who participated in a 3-month Baduanjin practice.The Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to analyze,summarize,and extract themes from the interview data.Results:Two themes were extracted:facilitators and barriers.Facilitators included intrinsic motivation and perceived benefits,while barriers included conflicts with practice time,worsening physical condition,lack of immediate benefits,and difficulty integrating into daily life.Conclusion:The practice of Baduanjin by frail KTRs is influenced by various factors.Healthcare professionals should develop personalized intervention plans that take into account these factors and the needs of the patients.
文摘Objective:This review examined the co-morbidity of malaria and hypertension in Nigerian adults,with a focus on epidemiological trends,genetic and environmental risk factors,pathophysiological mechanisms,and systemic healthcare barriers.Methods:A qualitative synthesis of peer-reviewed literature,national health surveys,and institutional reports published between 2000 and 2025 was conducted using thematic analysis.While centered on Nigeria,the review incorporated comparative insights from global studies on renin angiotensin aldosterone system polymorphisms,co-infection dynamics,and health service inequalities.Results:The findings indicate overlapping risk factors including renin angiotensin aldosterone system gene polymorphisms,urbanization,and poverty.Angiotensin Ⅱ demonstrates dual functions,contributing both to malaria suppression and to hypertension pathogenesis.Clinical challenges include diagnostic overlap,adverse drug interactions,and disparities in service delivery between rural and urban populations.These challenges particularly affect older adults and highlight systemic gaps in access,workforce distribution,and policy alignment.Conclusion:The dual burden of malaria and hypertension in Nigeria requires integrated disease management strategies that address both communicable and non-communicable disease risks.Urgent priorities include multisectoral policy reforms,expanded rural health investments,and the adoption of precision medicine approaches guided by genetic profiling.The implications extend to clinical practice through co-screening and tailored treatment protocols and to public health policy,where integrated frameworks are essential to reducing inequities and improving long-term outcomes.
文摘Liver transplantation is a vital intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease;however,the Arab world faces significant barriers that hinder access to this life-saving procedure in terms of both practice and research.This narrative review explores the multifaceted challenges,including financial constraints,limited healthcare infrastructure,cultural factors,and the prevalence of infectious diseases.In the Arab countries,both culture and religion were found to play major roles in the acceptability of liver transplantation.High rates of misconceptions and financial strain on patients and healthcare systems necessitate more transplantation programs and improved financial coverage and insurance policies.Enhancing healthcare facilities and improving access to innovative technologies through research is essential for optimizing transplantation outcomes,considering that common diseases in the region decrease the donor pool and increase complication risks.Public health initiatives to prevent and control prevalent liver diseases,particularly hepatitis,and to manage infection risk are also critical.Stricter regulations should be enforced in less developed countries in the region along with early screening practices to address inherited blood disorders and infectious diseases.Additionally,targeted research on liver diseases specific to the Arab context is crucial,along with fostering dialogue about cultural,religious,economic,and health-related factors affecting donor and recipient eligibility.By tackling these complex barriers through targeted comprehensive strategies,the Arab world can advance to a more equitable and effective liver transplantation system,ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
文摘BACKGROUNDLimited research exists on attitudes and barriers to organ donation in the UnitedArab Emirates, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of public perceptionsand challenges.AIMTo assess the attitudes and barriers toward organ donation.METHODSA cross-sectional study was adopted and included 607 samples consisting ofstudents, faculty, and staff who were selected from three universities in Ajmanand who had signed consent forms. A validated self-administered questionnairethat included 13 attitudes and 14 barrier items was used as a tool. The reliabilityof the tool was 0.89 (Cronbach's alpha). In the analysis of attitude scores, responseswere rated on a scale from 0 to 4, with 0 representing 'strongly disagree'and 4 representing 'strongly agree' for supportive attitudes towards organdonation. Participants with a total attitude score of 39 or higher indicated agreementor strong agreement with all items, reflecting a generally supportiveattitude toward organ donation. Lower scores suggested that the respondent wasneutral or disagreed with one or more items, indicating a less supportive attitudetoward organ donation. Knowledge about organ donation was assessed by selfadministeredquestionnaire that included 13 items. Analysis was done using SPSSversion 29. χ2 was used to assess associations between variables.RESULTSMost participants were young (≤ 30 years old, 83.7%), female (79.2%), from World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region countries (69.5%), Muslim (82.4%), students (80.6%), single(83.9%), and from a nursing college (33.1%). The majority had no personal or family history of organ donation(93.2% and 93.9%, respectively). Supportive attitudes toward organ donation were significantly associated withreligion (P = 0.003), working status (P = 0.009), university (P = 0.019), and knowledge (P < 0.001). Additionally,those with a personal or family history of organ donation were significantly more supportive (56.8% vs 33.3%, P =0.004). Lack of awareness was the most reported barrier for organ donation (64.1%) followed by being afraid oforgan donation due to medical procedures required (51.9%).CONCLUSIONThe findings suggest that supportive attitudes toward organ donation are influenced by demographic factors,personal experiences, and knowledge levels. Lack of awareness and fear of medical procedures were the mostreported barriers to organ donation. These results highlight the need for targeted educational programs to increaseawareness and promote positive attitudes toward organ donation.
文摘Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress and increasing psychological resilience;however,implementation is difficult due to unpredictability of the job,department culture,and generational preferences.The objective of this qualitative study was to identify and enhance understanding of the specific needs and potential barriers and facilitators for the implementation of mindfulness-based programming for community-based first responders.Methods:A phenomenological qualitative study design was used to gain insights into the lived experiences of first responders and elicit perceptions regarding barriers and facilitators for engaging in mindfulness activities.During virtual semi-structured interviews,eleven career firefighters and emergency medical service(EMS)providers offered feedback relative to worksite mindfulness practices,and the use of a stress reduction smartphone application.The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the analysis relative to barriers and facilitators of implementation success and sustainability.Results:First responders expressed openness to mindfulness-based interventions and a smartphone app that would provide stress reduction content,however,they were adamant that programming needed to be accessible and easily integrated into their workday.They also reinforced that organizational culture and leadership support for their health and well-being were overarching factors essential for implementation success.Conclusions:First responders were supportive of evidence-based mindfulness practices,optimally developed and/or facilitated by someone with intimate knowledge of their unique work environments and challenges.Organizational culture and leadership support were essential for implementation success and sustainability.
文摘Born and raised in Japan,Tatsuya Amano started learning English in the 7th grade.But after finishing his doctorate at the University of Tokyo in 2006,he began traveling to international scientific conferences.To his dismay,he discovered his English was not good enough to allow him to converse with many of the other participants.“I found so many barriers to communicating with other people in English,”recalled Amano,now an associate professor in the School of the Environment at the University of Queensland in Brisbane,Australia.
文摘This review examines the critical risks,barriers,and success factors in achieving sustainable affordable housing(SAH)by addressing environmental,economic,social and technical dimensions of sustainability.The aim of this study is to identify different critical risks and barriers to the development of the Sustainable Affordable Housing(SAH)CSF framework.The objectives of this research are to define SAH(Sustainable Affordable Housing)and important factors for achieving SAH and to develop SAH Critical Success Factors(CSFs)frameworks.To achieve these objectives,there are two methods for reviewing and analyzing documents,i.e.,systematic review and bibliographic review.The years of publication are limited to 2014 to 2023 in the English language and restricted to open access.A total of 63 articles were retrieved and screened for relevance identified as directly relevant to our topic using the PRISMA systematic review process.The growth pattern aligns strongly with an exponential growth model,as evidenced by a high R^(2) value of 0.9133 indicating a robust correlation and demonstrating the accelerating interest in the field over the past decade.This comprehensive analysis led to the development of the sustainable affordable housing(SAH)critical success framework,providing a structured approach to understanding and implementing critical factors for sustainable and affordable housing initiatives.The findings emphasize the need for integrated policy reforms,innovative construction technologies,and collaborative stakeholder engagement to advance the SAH agenda.Future research directions include conducting longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impacts of SAH policies,comparative analyses of international best practices,and explorations into emerging construction technologies.
文摘Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are crystalline and porous materials formed from periodically organized organic molecules bonded covalently to create highly stable architectures.Their mechanical properties can be precisely adjusted through structural modifications,making COFs exceptionally suitable for applications in cancer treatment and drug delivery.This review summarizes strategies for controlling the mechanical properties of COFs,including adjustments in structural dimensions,pore sizes and host-vip interactions.The remarkable advancements in drug delivery,cancer therapy,photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy achieved through COFs with tunable mechanical properties are then discussed.By providing deeper insights into the biomedical applications of COF systems,this reviewaims to foster interdisciplinary research combining nanomedicine and COF materials.Additionally,the review explores recent studies and discoveries on COFs’potential as innovative drug carriers capable of biological overcoming barriers such as the blood-brain barrier,nasal mucosa,cutaneous layers and oral mucosa.Greater insight into both the limitations and potential of COFs could pave the way for developing more effective and targeted strategies within this challenging field.
文摘1|Introduction The Federal Republic of Somalia,often perceived as linguistically homogeneous,is home to a rich tapestry of dialects and minority languages that reflect its diverse cultural heritage.While Somali is the official medium of communication,it is divided into two major dialects:Maxaa Tiri(spoken by approximately 60%of the population)and Maay(spoken by approximately 20%of the population)[1].Minority languages such as Bravanese(also known as Chimwiini or Chimbalazi),Mushunguli,Benadiri Somali,and Kibajuni are spoken by smaller communities,particularly in the southern and coastal regions[1].
文摘Dear Editor,Reproductive healthcare and autonomy are integral to overall health,well-being,and human fundamental rights[1].However,for individuals with disabilities,access to reproductive healthcare and their autonomy is significantly jeopardized due to a combination of parameters[1].Disabled people have to deal with a wide range of social barriers while they decide to access healthcare facilities for reproductive health[2,3].
文摘After 20 years of rapid development,China's photovoltaic industry has become a leading industry in the international market.In recent years,photovoltaic power,a renewable and clean energy,has attracted global attention.This paper sorts out the technical barriers to trade related to the photovoltaic industry in Europe and the United States,analyzes the short-term and long-term impact on China,and finally puts forward countermeasures.
基金supported by the Peking University Nursing Discipline Research Development Fund(No.TYZH2023001)。
文摘Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research(CFIR).Methods The sample consisted of 17 nurses from three urology wards at a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,who had participated in the EBP.Guided by the CFIR,we identified constructs influencing the sustainability of implementation by conducting a directed content analysis of the 17 individual in-depth interviews.By rating,the valence and magnitude of each construct were determined.Results This study identified 19 factors across the five domains of the CFIR.Among these determinants,16 were identified as barriers,while three were recognized as facilitators.Common barriers across different contexts were identified,such as delayed evidence updating,the complexity of intervention components and steps,and incompatibility between the implementation process and clinical practices.In contrast,facilitators of intervention implementation were regular communication and feedback,support and drive from principals and a positive cultural atmosphere.In addition,we identified“regular evidence updating”as an independent construct outside of the CFIR,a finding that will provide key information for updating the CFIR framework.Conclusions Regular evidence updating is crucial for the sustainability of EBP implementation.Researchers should receive consistent feedback from practitioners and adjust or modify the EBP as necessary.Additionally,researchers must consider the compatibility or adaptability of the EBP’s content with clinical practice in formulating it rather than adding additional complexity to the original workflow.
文摘Traffic-induced ground vibrations cause significant problems for residents and nearby structures.Reducing the effect of these vibrations on the neighboring environment is a key challenge,particularly in urban areas.This study presents both numerical and experimental investigations of the performance of mass scatters for screening ground vibrations.A three-dimensional numerical model is validated and extended to conduct a comparative study on the efficiency of three geotechnical methods of isolation.These methods include trench barriers,waveimpeding blocks(WIBs),and mass scatters.The results showed that mass scatters represent an efficient way of scattering ground vibrations,and their efficiency is mainly related to the weights of mass scatters and their natural frequency,which control the dynamic soil response in the frequency domain.Rigid trench barriers are less effective than soft ones,and their efficiency is more pronounced regarding the WIB.Soft barriers with a depth of an order of half of the wavelength can decrease the vibration levels by up to 50%,which is comparable to the performance of enormous mass scatters.The dimensions of WIBs must be chosen according to the wavelength of incident waves and the cutoff frequency of the topsoil layer.Considering the significant wavelength of traffic-induced vibration,the use of trench barriers or WIBs becomes impractical and expensive;therefore,mass scatters appear to be an efficient and practical solution.
文摘With the increasing use of technology in language education,understanding the benefits and barriers of mobile-assisted language learning(MALL)is crucial for effective integration.Qualitative data were collected through interviews among Chinese English teachers in universities.Thematic analysis was employed to identify themes.The findings reveal that Chinese English teachers perceive MALL to offer benefits like convenience,effectiveness,efficiency,engagement,personalization,and resource richness.However,several barriers were identified,including low teacher ability,student device misuse,lack of institutional support,technical limitations,health concerns,and time constraints.These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of MALL in Chinese universities and have implications for language teaching practice.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1103802)。
文摘The anti-inflammatory properties of silkworm pupa peptide(SPP)have been recognized for their potential benefits in colitis treatment.However,the underlying mechanism of SPP in colitis animal models remains unclear.The objective of our work was to investigate the improving effect and the mechanism of action of SPP on a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis.The findings suggested that SPP effectively eased ulcerative colitis(UC)symptoms in mice by decreasing disease activity index,ameliorating histopathological injury,and decreasing serum and colonic markers of inflammation.In addition,our research findings demonstrated that SPP restored intestinal barrier function by increasing the production of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),claudin-1,claudin-3,occludin,and adherens junction protein E-cadherin1.Further,SPP supplementation enhanced the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and positively altered the makeup of the gut bacteria in the mice's gut.These findings underscore SPP's ability to slow the progression of colitis and point to its possible use as a functional component in dietary supplements for the prevention of early-stage colitis.
文摘Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system;among them,glioblastoma multiforme stands out as the most aggressive and lethal subtype,characterized by high therapeutic resistance and frequent recurrences.Glioblastoma’s complex pathology is driven by biological and molecular factors that compromise conventional therapies,including blood-brain and bloodtumor barriers,angiogenesis,immune evasion,and aberrant signaling pathways,along with genetic drivers of drug resistance.In cancer therapy,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)have shown promise as nanocarriers thanks to the unique attributes of their mesostructure,including large surfaces,uniform pore sizes,high loading efficiency,and flexibility of chemical modifications.Several studies have proposed MSNs to address a number of challenges facing drug delivery in gliomas,including limited penetration across the blood-brain barrier,non-specific biodistribution,and systemic adverse reactions.Moreover,MSNs can be functionalized with tumor-targeting ligands so that cancer cells are selectively taken up,while they can also release therapeutic agents in response to internal and external stimuli,enabling controlled drug delivery within tumor microenvironments.Herein,we review the integration of the MSN-based delivery approach with advances in molecular oncology to improve clinical outcomes for glioma therapeutics,while highlighting the concerns around their limited clinical translation and potential toxicity.
基金supported by the Second Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai‒Xizang Plateau(Grant No.2019QZKK0405-05)method-ological support from the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72033005)is also appreciated greatly.
文摘Global warming has led to the frequent occurrence of extreme climatic events(ECEs)in the ecologically frag ile Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Rural households face strong barriers in adaption,and food production is seriously threatened.Current methods for increasing household adaptability take a holistic point of view,but do not ac curately identify groups experiencing different adaptive barriers.To better identify different barriers,this paper examines natural,economic,cognitive,and technical barriers.A total of 17 indicators were selected to com prehensively evaluate the degree of barriers to crops adaptation in response to ECEs.Key factors were further analyzed to identify paths to break down the barriers.The results showed the following.(1)Natural barriers were present at the highest degree,economic barriers appear to be smallest,and the overall barriers were bi ased towards the lower quartile.10.82%of the households with the highest barriers.(2)67.38%of households report taking adaptive measures in crops production.The increase of the barriers leads to an increase and then a decrease in the possibility of adaptive behavior.(3)Addressing technical barriers is key to rapidly increasing household adaptive behavior in response to ECEs.The study provides recommendations for local governments to improve household adaptation behavior from two perspectives:short-term and long-term optimization path ways.This study can help governments quickly locate households with different classes of barriers,and propose more targeted adaptation policies.The ultimate goal is to ensure the sustainability of crops production and the well-being of households in northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
基金This article was supported by U.S.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Grant T32AA025877.
文摘To date,the United States(U.S.)has been the most heavily impacted country by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).By November 30,2020,when this paper was written,13.5 million cases were reported in the U.S.with over 268000 deaths.Historically,vaccines have been one of the most effective and efficient technical tools for controlling a communicable disease.While the development of these vaccines has certainly been a challenge,it could be more challenging to achieve robust vaccine uptake because of many barriers.In this review,we focused on two types of barriers documented from long-term experience in the U.S.:structural and attitudinal.Structural barriers are systemic issues that impact one's ability to access a service,and they include time,transportation,cost,and clinic or outlet location;while attitudinal barriers are beliefs or perceptions that impact the willingness of at-risk individuals to seek out and/or accept a service.In the context of vaccination they include beliefs about the communicable disease,beliefs about vaccines,fear,and trust in healthcare and governmental agencies.Of the attitudinal barriers,public trust is a barrier that is of particular importance.In addition to affecting reception of vaccines,it may exacerbate disparities and reduce the likelihood of success of a vaccination program.Recommendations are made to overcome attitudinal barriers to help improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs for COVID-19 control in the U.S.,such as building public support through bipartisan endorsements and leveraging social media platforms to promote vaccination.
