Cockayne syndrome(CS)group B(CSB),which results from mutations in the excision repair cross-complementation group 6(ERCC6)genes,which produce CSB protein,is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple pro...Cockayne syndrome(CS)group B(CSB),which results from mutations in the excision repair cross-complementation group 6(ERCC6)genes,which produce CSB protein,is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple progressive disorders including growth failure,microcephaly,skin photosensitivity,and premature aging.Clinical data show that brain atrophy,demyelination,and calcification are the main neurological manifestations of CS,which progress with time.Neuronal loss and calcification occur in various brain areas,particularly the cerebellum and basal ganglia,resulting in dyskinesia,ataxia,and limb tremors in CSB patients.However,the understanding of neurodevelopmental defects in CS has been constrained by the lack of significant neurodevelopmental and functional abnormalities observed in CSB-deficient mice.In this review,we focus on elucidating the protein structure and distribution of CSB and delve into the impact of CSB mutations on the development and function of the nervous system.In addition,we provide an overview of research models that have been instrumental in exploring CS disorders,with a forward-looking perspective on the substantial contributions that brain organoids are poised to further advance this field.展开更多
目的:从猪肺组织(去除气管)中提取分离糖胺聚糖并确定其种类和结构特点。方法:采用胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶联合酶解提取糖胺聚糖,利用Q-Sepharose Fast Flow强阴离子交换柱层析进行分离纯化。采用醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳分析多糖的种类,高效...目的:从猪肺组织(去除气管)中提取分离糖胺聚糖并确定其种类和结构特点。方法:采用胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶联合酶解提取糖胺聚糖,利用Q-Sepharose Fast Flow强阴离子交换柱层析进行分离纯化。采用醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳分析多糖的种类,高效凝胶渗透色谱与十八角激光散射仪联用法测定其绝对分子质量,采用SAX-HPLC法对酶解二糖进行细微结构分析。结果:从猪肺组织中获得透明质酸(HA)、硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)、硫酸软骨素B(CSB)和硫酸软骨素A(CSA)4种糖胺聚糖,其含量分别为690、490、480和370 mg·kg-1,绝对分子质量分别为40.7、64.3、28.6和26.5 k Da。其中,CSA组分与标准品CSA(牛气管来源)相比,4-硫酸化二糖和6-硫酸化二糖的摩尔比更大,电荷密度更高;而HS中含有结构新颖的△己糖醛酸-氨基葡萄糖(IV-H,△UA-Glc N)二糖,且其绝对分子质量(64.3 k Da)远高于标准品HS(17.3 k Da)。结论:猪肺组织中糖胺聚糖主要含有HA、HS、CSA和CSB,是糖胺聚糖开发的良好资源;其中HS含有高含量的自由氨基葡萄糖(Glc NH2),结构较为新颖,有可能开发成为一种新的药物。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32000692 and 32200816).
文摘Cockayne syndrome(CS)group B(CSB),which results from mutations in the excision repair cross-complementation group 6(ERCC6)genes,which produce CSB protein,is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple progressive disorders including growth failure,microcephaly,skin photosensitivity,and premature aging.Clinical data show that brain atrophy,demyelination,and calcification are the main neurological manifestations of CS,which progress with time.Neuronal loss and calcification occur in various brain areas,particularly the cerebellum and basal ganglia,resulting in dyskinesia,ataxia,and limb tremors in CSB patients.However,the understanding of neurodevelopmental defects in CS has been constrained by the lack of significant neurodevelopmental and functional abnormalities observed in CSB-deficient mice.In this review,we focus on elucidating the protein structure and distribution of CSB and delve into the impact of CSB mutations on the development and function of the nervous system.In addition,we provide an overview of research models that have been instrumental in exploring CS disorders,with a forward-looking perspective on the substantial contributions that brain organoids are poised to further advance this field.
文摘目的:从猪肺组织(去除气管)中提取分离糖胺聚糖并确定其种类和结构特点。方法:采用胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶联合酶解提取糖胺聚糖,利用Q-Sepharose Fast Flow强阴离子交换柱层析进行分离纯化。采用醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳分析多糖的种类,高效凝胶渗透色谱与十八角激光散射仪联用法测定其绝对分子质量,采用SAX-HPLC法对酶解二糖进行细微结构分析。结果:从猪肺组织中获得透明质酸(HA)、硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)、硫酸软骨素B(CSB)和硫酸软骨素A(CSA)4种糖胺聚糖,其含量分别为690、490、480和370 mg·kg-1,绝对分子质量分别为40.7、64.3、28.6和26.5 k Da。其中,CSA组分与标准品CSA(牛气管来源)相比,4-硫酸化二糖和6-硫酸化二糖的摩尔比更大,电荷密度更高;而HS中含有结构新颖的△己糖醛酸-氨基葡萄糖(IV-H,△UA-Glc N)二糖,且其绝对分子质量(64.3 k Da)远高于标准品HS(17.3 k Da)。结论:猪肺组织中糖胺聚糖主要含有HA、HS、CSA和CSB,是糖胺聚糖开发的良好资源;其中HS含有高含量的自由氨基葡萄糖(Glc NH2),结构较为新颖,有可能开发成为一种新的药物。
