BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophreni...BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophrenia who have normal hearing ability.AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia require treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old deaf woman with schizophrenia had experienced AVHs for 3 months.Her psychotic symptoms were not alleviated by antipsychotic medication alone.Modified electroconvulsive therapy in combination with antipsychotic drugs effectively alleviated her AVHs and disorganized behavior.During outpatient follow-up for 6 months,her condition have remained stable,and she has been able to take care of herself.CONCLUSION Treatment with modified electroconvulsive therapy was found to be safe and might be indicated for deaf patients whose symptoms are not well managed with antipsychotic medication alone.Deaf people might be unable to communicate through spoken language;therefore,to make proper diagnoses and provide appropriate treatment for these patients,psychiatrists must have patience and seek to understand patients’mental state.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive tr...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.展开更多
BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes o...BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of AVHs and construct the risk nomogram prediction model of patients with different types of AVHs.METHODS Patients with different types of verbal hallucinations who visited Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital were retrospectively selected from March 2021 to March 2023,and these patients were classified into 117 cases of schizophrenia(SCZ)with AVHs,108 cases of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)with AVHs,and 105 cases of recurrent depressive disorder with AVHs according to type.Transcranial doppler was performed to measure the hemodynamic parameters of the anterior cerebral artery(ACA),middle cerebral artery(MCA),posterior cerebral artery(PCA),basilar artery(BA)and vertebral artery(VA).Logistic regression modelling was used to explore the factors affecting patients with different types of AVHs and odds ratio,95%confidence interval(CI).A clinical prediction model was constructed,and the efficacy of the clinical prediction model was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic,Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test,calibration curves and decision curve analysis.RESULTS The differences between the three groups of patients in mean velocity(Vm)-MCA,end-diastolic velocity(Vd)-MCA,Vm-ACA,pulsatility index(PI)-ACA,Vm-PCA,peak systolic velocity(Vs)-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,Vs-BA,Vd-BA,PI-BA,resistance index(RI)-BA,Vm-VA,Vs-VA,Vd-VA,PI-VA,and RI-VA indexes were statistically significant.Rising Vm-ACA is an independent risk factor for SCZ with AVHs,and falling Vm-VA,Vd-MCA,and Vd-VA are independent risk factors for SCZ with AVHs.Rising Vm-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,and Vs-BA are independent risk factors for PTSD with AVHs,and Vm-MCA,Vs-MCA,Vd-MCA,PI-PCA,and RIBA are independent protective factors for PTSD with AVHs.Elevated Vm-MCA,Vd-MCA,RI-BA,Vm-VA,and Vd-VA were independent risk factors,and elevated Vm-ACA,Vs-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,and Vd-PCA were independent protective factors.The areas under the curve of the three models were 0.82(95%CI:0.76-0.87),0.88(95%CI:0.83-0.92),and 0.81(95%CI:0.77-0.86),respectively;the Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test of the calibration curves of the three models suggests that P>0.05.CONCLUSION Monitoring the cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with AVHs is of practical significance in determining the type of mental disorder,which helps clinicians identify the type of AVHs and adopt more efficient treatment strategies to help patients recover.展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (m...Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.展开更多
An electroencephalographic(EEG)signature of auditory hallucinations(AHs)is important for facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of AHs in schizophrenia.We recorded EEG from 25 schizophrenia patients with recurrent A...An electroencephalographic(EEG)signature of auditory hallucinations(AHs)is important for facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of AHs in schizophrenia.We recorded EEG from 25 schizophrenia patients with recurrent AHs.During the period of AHs,EEG recordings exhibited significantly elevated beta2-band power in the temporal region,as compared to those recorded in the absence of AHs or during stimulation with verbal sounds.We further generated methamphetamine-treated rhesus monkeys exhibiting psychosis-like behaviors,including repetitive sudden searching actions in the absence of external intrusion,suggesting the occurrence of AHs.Epidural EEG beta2-band power in the temporal region of these monkeys was enhanced immediately after methamphetamine treatment and positively correlated with the frequency of sudden searching actions.Thus,the enhancement of temporal beta2-band oscillations represents a signature for AHs in both patients and a monkey model of psychosis,and this monkey model can be used for developing closed-loop neuromodulation approaches for the treatment of refractory AHs in schizophrenia.展开更多
Hearing loss and deafness,as a worldwide disability disease,have been troubling human beings.However,the auditory organ of the inner ear is highly heterogeneous and has a very limited number of cells,which are largely...Hearing loss and deafness,as a worldwide disability disease,have been troubling human beings.However,the auditory organ of the inner ear is highly heterogeneous and has a very limited number of cells,which are largely uncharacterized in depth.Recently,with the development and utilization of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),researchers have been able to unveil the complex and sophisticated biological mechanisms of various types of cells in the auditory organ at the single-cell level and address the challenges of cellular heterogeneity that are not resolved through by conventional bulk RNA sequencing(bulk RNAseq).Herein,we reviewed the application of scRNA-seq technology in auditory research,with the aim of providing a reference for the development of auditory organs,the pathogenesis of hearing loss,and regenerative therapy.Prospects about spatial transcriptomic scRNA-seq,single-cell based genome,and Live-seq technology will also be discussed.展开更多
Atypical sensory responsivity is widely reported in autistic individuals and is related to elevated functional difficulties.Dynamically,altered initial responses and/or habituation rates could underlie their atypical ...Atypical sensory responsivity is widely reported in autistic individuals and is related to elevated functional difficulties.Dynamically,altered initial responses and/or habituation rates could underlie their atypical averaged responses to repeated sensory stimuli.In this study we aimed to measure the arousal level in response to different types of auditory stimuli and the dynamic change of atypical arousal level using pupillometry in autistic children.In Experiment 1,43 autistic children and 49 neurotypical(NT)children were asked to passively listen to a mild sound and an aversive sound repeatedly.In Experiment 2,39 autistic children and 44 NT children who went through Experiment 1 listened to a gradually emerging non-startling sound and a suddenly emerging startling sound in a random order.We found that the autistic group showed hyper-arousal in response to the aversive sound and the startling sound as reflected by their larger change in pupil area.In comparison,these autistic children demonstrated normal arousal in response to the mild sound and the non-startling sound.Dynamically,the autistic group had a larger peak pupil area change than the NT group in the first trial and a normal habituation rate to the aversive sound.In summary,our results suggest hyper-arousal to aversive and startling stimuli and the role of larger initial responses in hyper-arousal in autism.Minimizing aversive and startling sensory stimuli or gradually increasing the volume of aversive auditory stimuli to allow autistic children to adapt using the principle of habituation is recommended to reduce the arousal level and problematic behaviors of autistic children.展开更多
The FitzHugh–Nagumo neuron circuit integrates a piezoelectric ceramic to form a piezoelectric sensing neuron,which can capture external sound signals and simulate the auditory neuron system.Two piezoelectric sensing ...The FitzHugh–Nagumo neuron circuit integrates a piezoelectric ceramic to form a piezoelectric sensing neuron,which can capture external sound signals and simulate the auditory neuron system.Two piezoelectric sensing neurons are coupled by a parallel circuit consisting of a Josephson junction and a linear resistor,and a binaural auditory system is established.Considering the non-singleness of external sound sources,the high–low frequency signal is used as the input signal to study the firing mode transition and synchronization of this system.It is found that the angular frequency of the high–low frequency signal is a key factor in determining whether the dynamic behaviors of two coupled neurons are synchronous.When they are in synchronization at a specific angular frequency,the changes in physical parameters of the input signal and the coupling strength between them will not destroy their synchronization.In addition,the firing mode of two coupled auditory neurons in synchronization is affected by the characteristic parameters of the high–low frequency signal rather than the coupling strength.The asynchronous dynamic behavior and variations in firing modes will harm the auditory system.These findings could help determine the causes of hearing loss and devise functional assistive devices for patients.展开更多
Otosclerosis is a well-known disease which mainly affects middle-aged female patients,causing conductive or mixed hearing loss.Diagnosis is essentially made through a complete audiometric battery testing,while treatme...Otosclerosis is a well-known disease which mainly affects middle-aged female patients,causing conductive or mixed hearing loss.Diagnosis is essentially made through a complete audiometric battery testing,while treatment substantially relies on stapes surgery.In this study,we analyzed audiometric and Quality-of-Life data from 33 patients in order to refine the surgical indications(unilateral versus bilateral stapes surgery)and assess the best technique(stapedotomy versus partial stapedectomy)and timing of treatment.The original questionnaire OTOS,in the Italian language,was administered to all patients.In this study,most of the patients were female(18/33),with a mean age of 53 years old.Both surgical techniques appear to be effective with no significant difference in post-operative Air Bone Gap.OTOS questionnaire appeared to be effective in assessing quality of life in patients treated by stapes surgery.Post-operative QoL appeared to be similar in bilaterally and unilaterally operated patients,suggesting that a contralateral intervention after effective surgery should be undertaken only if expressly requested by the patient.展开更多
1.Introduction Permanent sensorineural hearing loss in infants and children presents a significant challenge as it can negatively impact speech,language development,and education.Hearing loss occurs in about 1–3 out ...1.Introduction Permanent sensorineural hearing loss in infants and children presents a significant challenge as it can negatively impact speech,language development,and education.Hearing loss occurs in about 1–3 out of every 1000 live births in healthy infants and in 2–4 out of 100 infants who receive care in a neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)(Ohl et al.,2009).Premature birth is the major cause for prolonged NICU stays or hospitalizations in newborns(Schindler et al.,2017).Newborn hearing screening is gaining momentum in developing countries such as India,in spite of a shortage of audiologists and limited infrastructure(Ramkuamar,2019;Galhotra and Sahu,2019).Newborn hearing screening programs are implemented in a few tertiary care hospitals,and ABR screening is recommended for preterm infants and infants who have been in the NICU for more than 5 days.展开更多
When designing and optimizing the hull of vehicles,their sound quality needs to be considered,which greatly depends on the psychoacoustic parameters.However,the traditional psychoacoustic calculation method does not c...When designing and optimizing the hull of vehicles,their sound quality needs to be considered,which greatly depends on the psychoacoustic parameters.However,the traditional psychoacoustic calculation method does not consider the influence of the real human ear anatomic structure,even the loudness which is most related to the auditory periphery.In order to introduce the real physiological structure of the human ear into the evaluation of vehicle sound quality,this paper first carried out the vehicle internal noise test to obtain the experimental samples.Then,the physiological loudness was predicted based on an established human ear physiological model,and the noise evaluation vector was constructed by combining the remaining four psychoacoustic parameters.Finally,the evaluation vector was fitted into the subjective evaluation results of vehicle interior noise by a deep neural network.The results show that our proposed method can estimate the human subjective perception of vehicle interior noise well.展开更多
Objectives:The objective of the study was to explore the impact of auditory stimulation protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke(CVS)patients.Materials and Methods:A pre-posttest nonequivalent control g...Objectives:The objective of the study was to explore the impact of auditory stimulation protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke(CVS)patients.Materials and Methods:A pre-posttest nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study was conducted at Al Mainal Hospital at Al Kars Einy Hospital,Cairo University,among 60 CVS patients,and the sample was randomly assigned through a coin to allocate subjects to study or control group(30 for each group).Auditory stimulation techniques were applied three times per week for the study group for two consecutive weeks.Patients in the control group received only routine hospital care during the study period.The Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score for assessing the neurological function and level of arousal and the auditory subscale score of Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile(WNSSP)for assessing auditory response were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:There were statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group regarding third reading of GCS score(11.5±0.3 vs.10.6±0.9,t=4.676,P=0.000).The scores of all auditory subscales of WNSSP in the study groups increased after implementing the auditory stimulation protocol(P<0.05).Conclusion:Utilizing the auditory stimulation protocol by nurse proves to be an effective method for enhancing hearing responses in individuals with CVS.展开更多
Radio sound is a key signal sound in Toni Morrison’s 2003 novel Love.The intertwining of memories and radio music constitutes an intriguing window on how radio sound serves as a vehicle for exploring the cultural and...Radio sound is a key signal sound in Toni Morrison’s 2003 novel Love.The intertwining of memories and radio music constitutes an intriguing window on how radio sound serves as a vehicle for exploring the cultural and historical implications of African American women’s listening experiences with home radio,as is presented by Toni Morrison in her first new millennium novel Love.Far from a simple sonic link with the larger external world,radio sound in is a primary means for individual nostalgia,collective memory,and expression of auditory aesthetics.It is a mechanical sound which conveys a particular“black restorative nostalgia.”展开更多
Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventr...Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventral ＂what＂ pathway for object identification and the dorsal ＂where＂ pathway for spatial localization. This review summarizes evidence from human neuroimaging studies supporting the dual-pathway model for auditory cortical processing in humans.展开更多
In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly cor...In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly correlated circadian patterns;of which, the circadian rhythm remains unknown. In this study,the circadian rhythm and intersexual differences of auditory sensitivity were tested in the Emei music frog(Nidirana daunchina). This was achieved by comparing thresholds and latencies of auditory brainstem responses(ABRs) evoked by tones and clicks stimuli between male and female frogs during the day and at night,respectively. Our results revealed that both auditory thresholds and latencies had no differences between day and night except the la tencies in 3.5–4.0 kHz frequencies. However, the thresholds of tone pip evoked ABRs differed significantly between male and female frogs from 2.5 to 5.0 kHz. This demonstrated that the auditory sensitivity of Emei music frogs exhibits sexual dimorphism at high frequencies, with female frogs exhibiting greater auditory sensitivity than that of male frogs. Simultaneously, the power spectra of male advertisement calls are matched well with the frequency range of auditory sensitivity in male and female frogs,which supports the matched filter hypothesis. Our study enhances the understanding of circadian plasticity and sexual dimorphism of auditory sensitivity in frogs.展开更多
Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has b...Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has become a valuable tool for the study of human behavior and cognitive neurophysiological processes.As a brain stimulation technology with broad development prospects,it is not mature enough in the field of human auditory research.However,the research on tES has obtained preliminary results in regulating motor ability.This article mainly introduces the effects of tES and auditory steady state response on auditory,and the applications of tES in auditory diseases.By summarizing and discussing tES during auditory processing as comprehensively as possible,the potential application value of tES in the treatment of auditory diseases could be illustrated.展开更多
It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory...It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory systems, which may improve the effects of mechanical signal analysis and enrich the methods of mechanical faults features extraction. However the existing methods are all based on explicit senses of mathematics or physics, and have some shortages on distinguishing different faults, stability, and suppressing the disturbance noise, etc. For the purpose of improving the performances of the work of feature extraction, an auditory model, early auditory（EA） model, is introduced for the first time. This auditory model transforms time domain signal into auditory spectrum via bandpass filtering, nonlinear compressing, and lateral inhibiting by simulating the principle of the human auditory system. The EA model is developed with the Gammatone filterbank as the basilar membrane. According to the characteristics of vibration signals, a method is proposed for determining the parameter of inner hair cells model of EA model. The performance of EA model is evaluated through experiments on four rotor faults, including misalignment, rotor-to-stator rubbing, oil film whirl, and pedestal looseness. The results show that the auditory spectrum, output of EA model, can effectively distinguish different faults with satisfactory stability and has the ability to suppress the disturbance noise. Then, it is feasible to apply auditory model, as a new method, to the feature extraction for mechanical faults diagnosis with effect.展开更多
Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty he...Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty healthy guinea pigs were selected, with computer randomization, 20 were randomly divided into a normal control group （group A）, while the rest were randomly and equally divided into a model group （group B） and an acupuncture group （group C） when turned deaf after gentamycin sulfate and furosemide were administered. No treatment was administered for either the group A or the group B, while acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ was given for the group C for 30 days. The ABR thresholds of each group were observed and recorded separately after the treatment for 15 days and 30 days. Results The ABR threshold in the group C was lower than that in the group B after the treatment of 15 days （P〈O.05）. After the treatment of 30 days, the ABR threshold in the group C was obviously lower than that in the group B （P〈0.01）, and was obviously lower than that before acupuncture （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ has definite effect on improving the hearing of deaf guinea pigs.展开更多
Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracell...Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis,and has a protective function against noise exposure.Here,we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory pathway.In mammals,spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal processing.During this critical developmental period,inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits,thereby establishing a precise tonotopic organization.Endogenous ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers,spiral ganglion neurons,and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem,through the activation of diverse P2 receptors.We review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory pathway.Further,we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.展开更多
Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-...Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-term auditory deprivation and stimulability of auditory cortex in non habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents and adults using CAEPs.Methods and Results:A total of 27 non-habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents/adults with age and gender matched normal hearing adolescents/adults participated in the study.The congenitally deaf group was fitted with high gain hearing aids(first fit).Further,the CAEPs were recorded.The obtained CAEP components were assessed for group effect,source and topographical differences.The between group analysis for CAEP responses showed a significant difference only for P2 latency and amplitude.The source analysis revealed that,in the normal hearing group for CAEPs,the sources were within the temporal regions.However,in the congenitally deaf group,along with the temporal cortex,the bilateral prefrontal cortex also was activated.Conclusion:The findings revealed that it is possible to stimulate and evoke a matured CAEP response from a long deprived auditory system with adequate acoustic stimulation.The presence of CAEP responses is indicative of the functionality of the innate auditory pathway and the crossmodal plasticity in long auditory deprived individuals.展开更多
基金the Doctoral Startup Fund of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
文摘BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophrenia who have normal hearing ability.AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia require treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old deaf woman with schizophrenia had experienced AVHs for 3 months.Her psychotic symptoms were not alleviated by antipsychotic medication alone.Modified electroconvulsive therapy in combination with antipsychotic drugs effectively alleviated her AVHs and disorganized behavior.During outpatient follow-up for 6 months,her condition have remained stable,and she has been able to take care of herself.CONCLUSION Treatment with modified electroconvulsive therapy was found to be safe and might be indicated for deaf patients whose symptoms are not well managed with antipsychotic medication alone.Deaf people might be unable to communicate through spoken language;therefore,to make proper diagnoses and provide appropriate treatment for these patients,psychiatrists must have patience and seek to understand patients’mental state.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.
文摘BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of AVHs and construct the risk nomogram prediction model of patients with different types of AVHs.METHODS Patients with different types of verbal hallucinations who visited Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital were retrospectively selected from March 2021 to March 2023,and these patients were classified into 117 cases of schizophrenia(SCZ)with AVHs,108 cases of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)with AVHs,and 105 cases of recurrent depressive disorder with AVHs according to type.Transcranial doppler was performed to measure the hemodynamic parameters of the anterior cerebral artery(ACA),middle cerebral artery(MCA),posterior cerebral artery(PCA),basilar artery(BA)and vertebral artery(VA).Logistic regression modelling was used to explore the factors affecting patients with different types of AVHs and odds ratio,95%confidence interval(CI).A clinical prediction model was constructed,and the efficacy of the clinical prediction model was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic,Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test,calibration curves and decision curve analysis.RESULTS The differences between the three groups of patients in mean velocity(Vm)-MCA,end-diastolic velocity(Vd)-MCA,Vm-ACA,pulsatility index(PI)-ACA,Vm-PCA,peak systolic velocity(Vs)-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,Vs-BA,Vd-BA,PI-BA,resistance index(RI)-BA,Vm-VA,Vs-VA,Vd-VA,PI-VA,and RI-VA indexes were statistically significant.Rising Vm-ACA is an independent risk factor for SCZ with AVHs,and falling Vm-VA,Vd-MCA,and Vd-VA are independent risk factors for SCZ with AVHs.Rising Vm-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,and Vs-BA are independent risk factors for PTSD with AVHs,and Vm-MCA,Vs-MCA,Vd-MCA,PI-PCA,and RIBA are independent protective factors for PTSD with AVHs.Elevated Vm-MCA,Vd-MCA,RI-BA,Vm-VA,and Vd-VA were independent risk factors,and elevated Vm-ACA,Vs-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,and Vd-PCA were independent protective factors.The areas under the curve of the three models were 0.82(95%CI:0.76-0.87),0.88(95%CI:0.83-0.92),and 0.81(95%CI:0.77-0.86),respectively;the Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test of the calibration curves of the three models suggests that P>0.05.CONCLUSION Monitoring the cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with AVHs is of practical significance in determining the type of mental disorder,which helps clinicians identify the type of AVHs and adopt more efficient treatment strategies to help patients recover.
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.
基金supported by a Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2021SHZDZX,E154N41011)the Lingang Lab Program(LG2021050202 and LG2021060301)+1 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation(82130041)the Shanghai Rising-star Cultivation Program(22YF1439200).
文摘An electroencephalographic(EEG)signature of auditory hallucinations(AHs)is important for facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of AHs in schizophrenia.We recorded EEG from 25 schizophrenia patients with recurrent AHs.During the period of AHs,EEG recordings exhibited significantly elevated beta2-band power in the temporal region,as compared to those recorded in the absence of AHs or during stimulation with verbal sounds.We further generated methamphetamine-treated rhesus monkeys exhibiting psychosis-like behaviors,including repetitive sudden searching actions in the absence of external intrusion,suggesting the occurrence of AHs.Epidural EEG beta2-band power in the temporal region of these monkeys was enhanced immediately after methamphetamine treatment and positively correlated with the frequency of sudden searching actions.Thus,the enhancement of temporal beta2-band oscillations represents a signature for AHs in both patients and a monkey model of psychosis,and this monkey model can be used for developing closed-loop neuromodulation approaches for the treatment of refractory AHs in schizophrenia.
基金supported by grants from National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1101300,2021YFA1101800,2020YFA0112503)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDA16010303)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030029,81970882,and 92149304)Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021YFS0371)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20190814093401920,JCYJ20210324125608022)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering,Fudan University(SKLGE-2104).
文摘Hearing loss and deafness,as a worldwide disability disease,have been troubling human beings.However,the auditory organ of the inner ear is highly heterogeneous and has a very limited number of cells,which are largely uncharacterized in depth.Recently,with the development and utilization of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),researchers have been able to unveil the complex and sophisticated biological mechanisms of various types of cells in the auditory organ at the single-cell level and address the challenges of cellular heterogeneity that are not resolved through by conventional bulk RNA sequencing(bulk RNAseq).Herein,we reviewed the application of scRNA-seq technology in auditory research,with the aim of providing a reference for the development of auditory organs,the pathogenesis of hearing loss,and regenerative therapy.Prospects about spatial transcriptomic scRNA-seq,single-cell based genome,and Live-seq technology will also be discussed.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B030335001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271116)。
文摘Atypical sensory responsivity is widely reported in autistic individuals and is related to elevated functional difficulties.Dynamically,altered initial responses and/or habituation rates could underlie their atypical averaged responses to repeated sensory stimuli.In this study we aimed to measure the arousal level in response to different types of auditory stimuli and the dynamic change of atypical arousal level using pupillometry in autistic children.In Experiment 1,43 autistic children and 49 neurotypical(NT)children were asked to passively listen to a mild sound and an aversive sound repeatedly.In Experiment 2,39 autistic children and 44 NT children who went through Experiment 1 listened to a gradually emerging non-startling sound and a suddenly emerging startling sound in a random order.We found that the autistic group showed hyper-arousal in response to the aversive sound and the startling sound as reflected by their larger change in pupil area.In comparison,these autistic children demonstrated normal arousal in response to the mild sound and the non-startling sound.Dynamically,the autistic group had a larger peak pupil area change than the NT group in the first trial and a normal habituation rate to the aversive sound.In summary,our results suggest hyper-arousal to aversive and startling stimuli and the role of larger initial responses in hyper-arousal in autism.Minimizing aversive and startling sensory stimuli or gradually increasing the volume of aversive auditory stimuli to allow autistic children to adapt using the principle of habituation is recommended to reduce the arousal level and problematic behaviors of autistic children.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11605014)。
文摘The FitzHugh–Nagumo neuron circuit integrates a piezoelectric ceramic to form a piezoelectric sensing neuron,which can capture external sound signals and simulate the auditory neuron system.Two piezoelectric sensing neurons are coupled by a parallel circuit consisting of a Josephson junction and a linear resistor,and a binaural auditory system is established.Considering the non-singleness of external sound sources,the high–low frequency signal is used as the input signal to study the firing mode transition and synchronization of this system.It is found that the angular frequency of the high–low frequency signal is a key factor in determining whether the dynamic behaviors of two coupled neurons are synchronous.When they are in synchronization at a specific angular frequency,the changes in physical parameters of the input signal and the coupling strength between them will not destroy their synchronization.In addition,the firing mode of two coupled auditory neurons in synchronization is affected by the characteristic parameters of the high–low frequency signal rather than the coupling strength.The asynchronous dynamic behavior and variations in firing modes will harm the auditory system.These findings could help determine the causes of hearing loss and devise functional assistive devices for patients.
文摘Otosclerosis is a well-known disease which mainly affects middle-aged female patients,causing conductive or mixed hearing loss.Diagnosis is essentially made through a complete audiometric battery testing,while treatment substantially relies on stapes surgery.In this study,we analyzed audiometric and Quality-of-Life data from 33 patients in order to refine the surgical indications(unilateral versus bilateral stapes surgery)and assess the best technique(stapedotomy versus partial stapedectomy)and timing of treatment.The original questionnaire OTOS,in the Italian language,was administered to all patients.In this study,most of the patients were female(18/33),with a mean age of 53 years old.Both surgical techniques appear to be effective with no significant difference in post-operative Air Bone Gap.OTOS questionnaire appeared to be effective in assessing quality of life in patients treated by stapes surgery.Post-operative QoL appeared to be similar in bilaterally and unilaterally operated patients,suggesting that a contralateral intervention after effective surgery should be undertaken only if expressly requested by the patient.
文摘1.Introduction Permanent sensorineural hearing loss in infants and children presents a significant challenge as it can negatively impact speech,language development,and education.Hearing loss occurs in about 1–3 out of every 1000 live births in healthy infants and in 2–4 out of 100 infants who receive care in a neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)(Ohl et al.,2009).Premature birth is the major cause for prolonged NICU stays or hospitalizations in newborns(Schindler et al.,2017).Newborn hearing screening is gaining momentum in developing countries such as India,in spite of a shortage of audiologists and limited infrastructure(Ramkuamar,2019;Galhotra and Sahu,2019).Newborn hearing screening programs are implemented in a few tertiary care hospitals,and ABR screening is recommended for preterm infants and infants who have been in the NICU for more than 5 days.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275296,52172371,and 52274162)the Top-Notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,and Jiangsu Provincial Postgraduate Practice Innovation Plan(No.SJCX23_1283).
文摘When designing and optimizing the hull of vehicles,their sound quality needs to be considered,which greatly depends on the psychoacoustic parameters.However,the traditional psychoacoustic calculation method does not consider the influence of the real human ear anatomic structure,even the loudness which is most related to the auditory periphery.In order to introduce the real physiological structure of the human ear into the evaluation of vehicle sound quality,this paper first carried out the vehicle internal noise test to obtain the experimental samples.Then,the physiological loudness was predicted based on an established human ear physiological model,and the noise evaluation vector was constructed by combining the remaining four psychoacoustic parameters.Finally,the evaluation vector was fitted into the subjective evaluation results of vehicle interior noise by a deep neural network.The results show that our proposed method can estimate the human subjective perception of vehicle interior noise well.
文摘Objectives:The objective of the study was to explore the impact of auditory stimulation protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke(CVS)patients.Materials and Methods:A pre-posttest nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study was conducted at Al Mainal Hospital at Al Kars Einy Hospital,Cairo University,among 60 CVS patients,and the sample was randomly assigned through a coin to allocate subjects to study or control group(30 for each group).Auditory stimulation techniques were applied three times per week for the study group for two consecutive weeks.Patients in the control group received only routine hospital care during the study period.The Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score for assessing the neurological function and level of arousal and the auditory subscale score of Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile(WNSSP)for assessing auditory response were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:There were statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group regarding third reading of GCS score(11.5±0.3 vs.10.6±0.9,t=4.676,P=0.000).The scores of all auditory subscales of WNSSP in the study groups increased after implementing the auditory stimulation protocol(P<0.05).Conclusion:Utilizing the auditory stimulation protocol by nurse proves to be an effective method for enhancing hearing responses in individuals with CVS.
文摘Radio sound is a key signal sound in Toni Morrison’s 2003 novel Love.The intertwining of memories and radio music constitutes an intriguing window on how radio sound serves as a vehicle for exploring the cultural and historical implications of African American women’s listening experiences with home radio,as is presented by Toni Morrison in her first new millennium novel Love.Far from a simple sonic link with the larger external world,radio sound in is a primary means for individual nostalgia,collective memory,and expression of auditory aesthetics.It is a mechanical sound which conveys a particular“black restorative nostalgia.”
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China （No. 30711120563, No. 30670704, and No. 60535030）.
文摘Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventral ＂what＂ pathway for object identification and the dorsal ＂where＂ pathway for spatial localization. This review summarizes evidence from human neuroimaging studies supporting the dual-pathway model for auditory cortical processing in humans.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772464)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2012274)。
文摘In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly correlated circadian patterns;of which, the circadian rhythm remains unknown. In this study,the circadian rhythm and intersexual differences of auditory sensitivity were tested in the Emei music frog(Nidirana daunchina). This was achieved by comparing thresholds and latencies of auditory brainstem responses(ABRs) evoked by tones and clicks stimuli between male and female frogs during the day and at night,respectively. Our results revealed that both auditory thresholds and latencies had no differences between day and night except the la tencies in 3.5–4.0 kHz frequencies. However, the thresholds of tone pip evoked ABRs differed significantly between male and female frogs from 2.5 to 5.0 kHz. This demonstrated that the auditory sensitivity of Emei music frogs exhibits sexual dimorphism at high frequencies, with female frogs exhibiting greater auditory sensitivity than that of male frogs. Simultaneously, the power spectra of male advertisement calls are matched well with the frequency range of auditory sensitivity in male and female frogs,which supports the matched filter hypothesis. Our study enhances the understanding of circadian plasticity and sexual dimorphism of auditory sensitivity in frogs.
文摘Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has become a valuable tool for the study of human behavior and cognitive neurophysiological processes.As a brain stimulation technology with broad development prospects,it is not mature enough in the field of human auditory research.However,the research on tES has obtained preliminary results in regulating motor ability.This article mainly introduces the effects of tES and auditory steady state response on auditory,and the applications of tES in auditory diseases.By summarizing and discussing tES during auditory processing as comprehensively as possible,the potential application value of tES in the treatment of auditory diseases could be illustrated.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50805021)
文摘It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory systems, which may improve the effects of mechanical signal analysis and enrich the methods of mechanical faults features extraction. However the existing methods are all based on explicit senses of mathematics or physics, and have some shortages on distinguishing different faults, stability, and suppressing the disturbance noise, etc. For the purpose of improving the performances of the work of feature extraction, an auditory model, early auditory（EA） model, is introduced for the first time. This auditory model transforms time domain signal into auditory spectrum via bandpass filtering, nonlinear compressing, and lateral inhibiting by simulating the principle of the human auditory system. The EA model is developed with the Gammatone filterbank as the basilar membrane. According to the characteristics of vibration signals, a method is proposed for determining the parameter of inner hair cells model of EA model. The performance of EA model is evaluated through experiments on four rotor faults, including misalignment, rotor-to-stator rubbing, oil film whirl, and pedestal looseness. The results show that the auditory spectrum, output of EA model, can effectively distinguish different faults with satisfactory stability and has the ability to suppress the disturbance noise. Then, it is feasible to apply auditory model, as a new method, to the feature extraction for mechanical faults diagnosis with effect.
基金Supported by Yanbian University on Scientific Development and Application:No.36,yanda kehe zi[2013]
文摘Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty healthy guinea pigs were selected, with computer randomization, 20 were randomly divided into a normal control group （group A）, while the rest were randomly and equally divided into a model group （group B） and an acupuncture group （group C） when turned deaf after gentamycin sulfate and furosemide were administered. No treatment was administered for either the group A or the group B, while acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ was given for the group C for 30 days. The ABR thresholds of each group were observed and recorded separately after the treatment for 15 days and 30 days. Results The ABR threshold in the group C was lower than that in the group B after the treatment of 15 days （P〈O.05）. After the treatment of 30 days, the ABR threshold in the group C was obviously lower than that in the group B （P〈0.01）, and was obviously lower than that before acupuncture （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ has definite effect on improving the hearing of deaf guinea pigs.
基金the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG Grant 954/3-1)as a part of the priority program 1608“Ultrafast and temporally precise information processing:normal and dysfunctional hearing”。
文摘Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis,and has a protective function against noise exposure.Here,we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory pathway.In mammals,spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal processing.During this critical developmental period,inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits,thereby establishing a precise tonotopic organization.Endogenous ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers,spiral ganglion neurons,and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem,through the activation of diverse P2 receptors.We review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory pathway.Further,we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.
文摘Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-term auditory deprivation and stimulability of auditory cortex in non habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents and adults using CAEPs.Methods and Results:A total of 27 non-habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents/adults with age and gender matched normal hearing adolescents/adults participated in the study.The congenitally deaf group was fitted with high gain hearing aids(first fit).Further,the CAEPs were recorded.The obtained CAEP components were assessed for group effect,source and topographical differences.The between group analysis for CAEP responses showed a significant difference only for P2 latency and amplitude.The source analysis revealed that,in the normal hearing group for CAEPs,the sources were within the temporal regions.However,in the congenitally deaf group,along with the temporal cortex,the bilateral prefrontal cortex also was activated.Conclusion:The findings revealed that it is possible to stimulate and evoke a matured CAEP response from a long deprived auditory system with adequate acoustic stimulation.The presence of CAEP responses is indicative of the functionality of the innate auditory pathway and the crossmodal plasticity in long auditory deprived individuals.
