The structural phase transition of MnO_(2) nanorods was investigated using in situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). At pressures exceeding 10.9 GPa, a second-...The structural phase transition of MnO_(2) nanorods was investigated using in situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). At pressures exceeding 10.9 GPa, a second-order structural phase transition from tetragonal to orthogonal, which was accompanied by fine-scale crystal twinning phenomena, was observed in MnO_(2) nanorods. On account of the significant contribution of surface energy, the phase transition pressure exhibited appreciable hysteresis compared with the bulk counterparts, suggesting the enhanced structural stability of nanorod morphology. These findings reveal that the size and morphology exhibit a manifest correlation with the high pressure behavior of MnO_(2) nanomaterials, providing useful insights into the intricate interplay between structure and properties.展开更多
Elemental doping is an effective strategy to enhance photocatalytic activity and extend the light absorption range of single-component photocatalysts.In this work,a series of La-doped CeO_(2) nanorods(La-CeO_(2)-x) wi...Elemental doping is an effective strategy to enhance photocatalytic activity and extend the light absorption range of single-component photocatalysts.In this work,a series of La-doped CeO_(2) nanorods(La-CeO_(2)-x) with La content of 1 wt%-15 wt% are synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and further used as photocatalyst for sulfamerazine(SMR) degradation.The prepared La-CeO_(2)-x nanorods exhibit a great improvement in electron-hole pair migration and visible-light response due to the synergistic effect of abundant oxygen vacancies and heterogeneous elements(La).Consequently,La-CeO_(2)-x exhibited excellent visible-light photocatalytic performances and chemical stability for SMR degradation,the La-CeO_(2)-5 sample achieved the highest SMR degradation rate of 81%,which was 3.4 times higher than that of the original CeO_(2).Furthermore,three possible degradation pathways of SMR in La-CeO_(2) photocatalytic reactions were proposed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.Finally,density functional theory calculations were carried out to provide an in-depth understanding of the structure-performance relationships.Considering its excellent properties and better photocatalytic performance,this study demonstrates that La doping in CeO_(2) is an effective way to increase oxygen vacancy and improve the photochemical properties of photocatalysts.展开更多
The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLI...The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLIBs). Herein, uniform nanorod structured CeO_(2) fillers were controllably synthesized by electrospinning, which were subsequently filled into PEO polymer to prepare CeO_(2)/PEO solid composite electrolyte. The addition of CeO_(2) nanorods can reduce both the glass transition temperature and the melting point of PEO polymer, and also interact with PEO and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide(LITFSI) by Lewis acid—base reaction. Therefore, the solid composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 4.52 × 10^(-4)S/cm, a wide electrochemical stability window of about 4.8 V, and a good interfacial stability with Li at 55℃. Moreover, the LiFePO_4/Li ASSLIB divulges the discharging specific capacity of 165, 162, 156 and 146 mA,h/g at 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 C, respectively, and achieves the capacity retention of 90.3% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C. Consequently, one dimensional CeO_(2) nanorods can be considered as an alternative filler for polymeric solid electrolyte.展开更多
In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC...In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC activity of TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) composite sample was investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis,including Nyquist and Mott-Schottky(M-S)plots.It was demonstrated that vacuum annealing could crystallize Sb_(2)S_(3) component and change its color from red to black,leading to an increment of photocurrent density from 1.9 A/m^(2) to 4.25 A/m^(2) at 0 V versus saturated calomel electrode(VSCE).The enhanced PEC performance was mainly attributed to the improved visible light absorption.Moreover,annealing treatment facilitated retarding the electron-hole recombination occurred at the solid/liquid interfaces.Our work might provide a novel strategy for enhancing the PEC performance of a semiconductor electrode.展开更多
MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 nanorods were successfully synthesized by the thermal treatment of rod-like precursors that were fabricated by the co-precipitation of Mn2＋, Ni2＋, and Fe2＋ in the lye. The phase, morphology, an...MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 nanorods were successfully synthesized by the thermal treatment of rod-like precursors that were fabricated by the co-precipitation of Mn2＋, Ni2＋, and Fe2＋ in the lye. The phase, morphology, and particle diameter were examined by the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the samples were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer. nanorods with a diameter of 35 nm and an The results indicated that pure Ni0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 aspect ratio of 15 were prepared. It was found that the diametei of the MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4（0≤x≤0.5） samples increased, the length and the aspect .ratio decreased, with an increase in x value. When x=0.5, the diameter and the aspect ratio of the sample reached up to 50 nm and 7-8, respectively. The coercivity of the samples first increased and then decreased with the increase in the x value. The coercivity of the samples again increased when the x value was higher than 0.4. When x=0.5, the coercivity of the MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 sample reached the maximal value （134.3 Oe） at the calcination temperature of 600 ℃. The saturation magnetization of the samples first increased and then. decreased with the increase in the x value. When x=0.2, the saturation magnetizat：ion of the sample reached the maximal value （68.5 emu/g） at the calcination temperature of 800 ℃.展开更多
The Eu3＋-doped La2Zr207 phosphor with rod-like morphology was successfully synthesized by conventional solid state reaction and hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, and p...The Eu3＋-doped La2Zr207 phosphor with rod-like morphology was successfully synthesized by conventional solid state reaction and hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were employed to charac- terize its structure and morphology as well as luminescent properties. The results indicated that the red-emitting phosphor La2Zr207：Eu3＋ had well crystallized and belonged to the cubic structure with space group of Fd3m. The as-obtained product mainly appeared as straight nanorods with an average diameter of 47 nm and length of 50-700 nm. The pos- sible growth mechanism was also discussed. It was found that under blue excitation with a wavelength of 466 nm, the La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ phosphor exhibited a characteristic red emission at 616 nm that was attributed to the hypersensitive 5D0--＊TF2 electric dipole transition of Eu3＋ ions. Meanwhile, it was more interesting to note that the emission of 5D1--＊TFj （J=0, 1, 2） transitions and the splitting patterns of 5D0---＋TFJ （J--l, 2, 4） transitions of Eu3＋ ions can be observed in the luminescent spectra of La2Zr207：Eu3＋. It was demonstrated that Eu3＋ preferred to occupy a low symmetry site.展开更多
The hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystallineβ-MnO2 nanorods and their chemical conversion into single-crystalline LiMn2O4 nanorods by a simple solid-state reaction were reported.This method has the advantages of ...The hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystallineβ-MnO2 nanorods and their chemical conversion into single-crystalline LiMn2O4 nanorods by a simple solid-state reaction were reported.This method has the advantages of producing pure,single-phase and crystalline nanorods.The LiMn2O4 nanorods have an diameter of about 300 nm.The discharge capacity and cyclic performance of the batteries were investigated.The LiMn2O4 nanorods show better cyclic performance with a capacity retention ratio of 86.2% after 100 cycles.Battery cyclic studies reveal that the prepared LiMn2O4 nanorods have high capacity with a first discharge capacity of 128.7 mA·h/g.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries have become one of the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries owing to their high specific capacity,low cost,and environment-friendliness.Many efforts have been made to...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries have become one of the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries owing to their high specific capacity,low cost,and environment-friendliness.Many efforts have been made to mitigate the"shuttle effect"through physical adsorption and chemical bonding.MoS2 has been proposed as a cathode material to provide effective anchoring sites for lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),but is still limited by its layer structure.Herein,we designed novel MoS2 nanorods with inner caves based on our previous work,and performed synchronous encapsulation of sulfur during the synthesis process.The outer MoS2 tubular shells physically inhibit the outward diffusion of polysulfide species while the inner particles chemically anchor the polysulfides to prevent shuttling.As the cathode matrix in Li–S batteries,the electrochemical results deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 1213 mAhg^-1 for sulfur at 0.1 C.After cycling at 1 C for 300 cycles,the cells exhibit a capacity decay of only 0.076%per cycle and high average coulombic efficiency over 95%.The tubular MoS2 structure is an innovative and appealing design,which could be regarded as a prospective substrate for the improved performance of Li–S batteries.展开更多
A simple electrodeposition technique was used to prepare Ni-CeOnanorods composite coating(Ni-CeONRs) using Watt’s nickel plating bath containing CeOnanorods(NRs) as the reinforcement phase under optimized process con...A simple electrodeposition technique was used to prepare Ni-CeOnanorods composite coating(Ni-CeONRs) using Watt’s nickel plating bath containing CeOnanorods(NRs) as the reinforcement phase under optimized process conditions. The X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD) was used for the structural analysis of Ni-CeONRs composite coatings and their average crystalline size is ～22 nm for pure Ni and ～18 nm,respectively. The crystalline structure is fcc for the Ni-CeOnanocomposite coatings. The surface morphology of the electrodeposited Ni-CeONRs composite coatings was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Microhardness of pure Ni and Ni-CeONRs composite coatings are found to be 253 HV and 824 HV, respectively. The inclusion of CeONRs increases the microhardness of Ni-CeONRs composite coatings. The corrosion resistance behavior of Ni-CeONRs composite coating was evaluated by Tafel polarization and AC impedance methods. It is revealed that CeONRs reinforced Ni matrix shows higher microhardness and corrosion resistance than existing reported electrodeposited pure Ni and CeOnanoparticles reinforced Ni coatings.展开更多
Small Pt and Pt-Co nanoparticles（NPs） stabilized on La2 O2 CO3 nanorods（LOC） were prepared by wet impregnation method,and probed in liquid-phase chemoselective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde（CRAL） to crotyl alc...Small Pt and Pt-Co nanoparticles（NPs） stabilized on La2 O2 CO3 nanorods（LOC） were prepared by wet impregnation method,and probed in liquid-phase chemoselective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde（CRAL） to crotyl alcohol（CROL）.It is found that incorporation of Co atoms into Pt catalyst significantly improves the hydrogenation activity and desired selectivity to CROL as it destroys the Pt-lanthanum interfaces and results into the formation of Pt-Co particles.In addition,a close examination of catalyst surface and reactive performance suggests that the impregnation sequence of Pt and Co exerts great influence on the physicochemical property and the catalytic hydrogenation behavior of PtCo/LOC catalysts.As a result of the interaction between Pt and Co species,high alloying degree of Pt-Co NPs is obtained in the co-impregnated catalyst（Pt-Co/LOC）,thus achieving the highest hydrogenation activity.The selective deposit of Co atoms onto the low-coordinated Pt sites leads to the smallest metal particle size and high dispersion of Pt-Co NPs over the Pt/Co/LOC,giving rise to the highest selectivity and yield to CROL.展开更多
TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods t...TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods to enhance the visible and near-infrared(NIR)light absorption of TiO_(2)NBs,a typical UV light photocatalyst,thus the enhancement of its full solar spectrum(UV,visible and NIR)photocatalytic antibacterial properties is achieved.Preliminary surface plasmon resonance(SPR)enhancement photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism is suggested.On one hand,transverse and longitudinal SPR of Au NRs is beneficial for visible and NIR light utilization.On the other hand,Au NRs combined with TiO_(2)NBs to form the heterostructure,which can improve the photogenerated carrier separation and direct electron transfer increases the hot electron concentration while Au NRs as the electron channel can well restrain charge recombination.finally produces the high yield of radical oxygen species and exhibits a superior antibacterial efficiency.Furthermore,we design a sterilization file cabinet with Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructures as the photocatalytic coating plates.Our study reveals that Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructure is a potential candidate for sterilization of bacteria and archives protection.展开更多
Well-crystallized Nd2O3 nanorods were prepared in the aqueous solution containing neodymium nitrate, sodium hydroxide（dissolved in ethanol） and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）. One dimensional nanorods of n...Well-crystallized Nd2O3 nanorods were prepared in the aqueous solution containing neodymium nitrate, sodium hydroxide（dissolved in ethanol） and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）. One dimensional nanorods of neodymium hydroxide were synthesized first, which was then placed at different temperatures（600 and 800 ℃） in a calcar for 10 h to form Nd2O3 nanorods. The morphology and crystal structure of the products were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrometry. By using SDBS micelles as a template, this method manufactured uniform morphology of hexagonal one-dimensional neodymium oxide nanorods with a diameter ranging from 20 to 70 nm. The length of the nanorods increased with prolonged reaction time.展开更多
Zn2GeO4 nanorods were prepared by a surfactant-assisted solution phase route.The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission ...Zn2GeO4 nanorods were prepared by a surfactant-assisted solution phase route.The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES),UV-vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy.The possible formation mechanism of Zn2GeO4 nanorods was discussed.It was supposed that the CTA+ cations preferentially adsorb on the planes of Zn2GeO4 nanorods,leading to preferential growth along the c-axis to form the Zn2GeO4 rods with larger aspect ratio and higher surface area,which showed the improved photocatalytic activity for photoreduction of CO2.The photoluminescence(PL) property of Zn2GeO4 nanorods was investigated through the emission spectra.展开更多
Bismuth sulfide(Bi_(2)S_(3))is a promising anode material for high-performance potassium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity.However,the poor conductivity and substantial volume expansion hinder its pra...Bismuth sulfide(Bi_(2)S_(3))is a promising anode material for high-performance potassium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity.However,the poor conductivity and substantial volume expansion hinder its practical application.We proposed an iodine-doped graphene encapsulated Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods composite(Bi_(2)S_(3)/IG)as an efficient anode for PIBs.The uniform-sized Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods evenly in-situ encapsulated in iodine-doped graphene framework,facilitating the electron transportation and structural stability.The potassium storage performance was evaluated in three electrolytes,with the best option of 5 mol/L KFSI in DME.The reversible capacity of representative Bi_(2)S_(3)/IG reached 453.5 m Ah/g at 50 m A/g.Meanwhile,it could deliver an initial reversible capacity of 413.6 m Ah/g at 100 m A/g,which maintained 256.9 m Ah/g after 200 cycles.The proposed strategy contributes to improving potassium storage performance of metal sulfide anodes.展开更多
Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has been considered as one of most effective ways to solve the current energy crisis and environmental problems.However,the practical application of photocatal...Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has been considered as one of most effective ways to solve the current energy crisis and environmental problems.However,the practical application of photocatalytic CO_(2)RR is largely hindered by lock of efficient catalyst.Here,hierarchical titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nanostructures with a highly active{001}surface were successfully synthesized by a facile approach from metal Ti powders.The obtained hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures were composed of TiO_(2)nanorods,which have a diameter about 5–10 nm and a length of several micrometers.It is found that these nanorods have exposed{001}facets.On the other hand,these hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures have a good light-harvesting efficiency with the help of TiO_(2)nanorods component and large specific surface area.Therefore,these hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures exhibit a much better activity for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction than that of commercial TiO_(2)(P25).This high activity can be attributed to the synergistic effects of active surface,efficient charge transfer along nanorods and good light harvesting in the nanorod-hierarchical nanostructures.展开更多
Silver vanadate(Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5))nanorods were successfully synthesized by the pre-intercalation of Ag+into the interlayer of V_(2)O_(5)through a sol-gel method,which presented a favorable electrochemical performan...Silver vanadate(Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5))nanorods were successfully synthesized by the pre-intercalation of Ag+into the interlayer of V_(2)O_(5)through a sol-gel method,which presented a favorable electrochemical performance of high capacity,rate capacity,and cycle stability.Specific ally,Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5)electrode presented a high capacity of about 311 mAh·g^(-1)at the current density of0.1 A·g^(-1).It also delivered long-term cycling stability(144 mAh·g^(-1)after 500 cycles at 2 A·g^(-1)).The reasons for the superior electrochemical performance were the preintercalation Ag^+extended interlayer distance,and the introduction of elemental silver improved conductivity during charge/discharge.Additionally,the Zn^(2+)storage mechanism was revealed by various characteristic measurements.The prepared Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5)nanorods from the sol-gel method were demonstrated as a promising cathode material for aqueous Zn^(2+)batteries.展开更多
Single-crystalline anatase TiO2nanorods have been prepared by solvothermal method using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide（TBAH） as a morphology controlling agent.The obtained TiO2nanorods are dominated by a large percent...Single-crystalline anatase TiO2nanorods have been prepared by solvothermal method using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide（TBAH） as a morphology controlling agent.The obtained TiO2nanorods are dominated by a large percentage of {010} facets.The power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell（DSSC） based on anatase TiO2nanorods（8.66%） exhibits a significant improvement（35%） compared to that of P25 TiO2（5.66%）.The high performance of the anatase TiO2nanorods solar cell is ascribed to their large percent of exposed {010} facets as well as balancing their surface areas and sizes.展开更多
Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diet...Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diethylene glycol （DEG） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） polymers as well as the pH values on the size, crystalline structure and morphology of EuPO4·H2O nanorods were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） data of the prepared samples were elucidated. The nanorods were highly uniform and their mean length was reduced by using DEG and PEG as soft template agents. For all prepared samples, the rhabdophanetype hexagonal EuPO4·H2O was the dominated phase. The photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy measurements of EuPO4·H2O nanorods revealed that, under UV excitation, EuPO4·H2O nanorods exhibited strong luminescence with narrow bands corresponding to the intra-4f transitions of ^5D0→^7Fj （j=1, 2, 3, 4） of Eu^3＋ ions. The peaks were found at 594 nm （^5D0→^7F1）, 619 nm （^5D0→^7F2）, 652 nm （^5D0→^7F3）, and 697 nm （^5D0→^7F4）, with the strongest emission at 594 nm.展开更多
To enhance the photodegradation ability of CeO_(2) for organic dyes,an effective strategy is to introduce oxygen vacancies(Vo).In general,the introduced Vo are simultaneously present both on the surface and in the bul...To enhance the photodegradation ability of CeO_(2) for organic dyes,an effective strategy is to introduce oxygen vacancies(Vo).In general,the introduced Vo are simultaneously present both on the surface and in the bulk of CeO_(2).The surface oxygen vacancies(Vo-s) can decrease the band gap,thus enhancing light absorption to produce more photogenerated e-for photodegradation.However,the bulk oxygen vacancies(Vo-b) will inhibit photocatalytic activity by increasing the recombination of photogene rated e-and Vo-b.Therefore,regulating the concentrations of Vo-s to Vo-b is a breakthrough for achieving the best utilization of photogene rated e-during photodegradation.We used an easy hydrothermal method to achieve tunable concentrations of Vo-s to Vo-b in CeO_(2) nanorods.The optimized CeO_(2) presents a 70.2%removal of rhodamine B after 120 min of ultraviolet-visible light irradiation,and a superior photodegradation performance of multiple organics.This tuning strategy for Vo also provides guidance for developing other advanced metal-oxide semiconductor photocatalysts for the photodegradation of organic dyes.展开更多
基金Project supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2023M742049)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. 2023A1515110844)the Innovative Training Program for College Students (Grant No. 20249076)。
文摘The structural phase transition of MnO_(2) nanorods was investigated using in situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). At pressures exceeding 10.9 GPa, a second-order structural phase transition from tetragonal to orthogonal, which was accompanied by fine-scale crystal twinning phenomena, was observed in MnO_(2) nanorods. On account of the significant contribution of surface energy, the phase transition pressure exhibited appreciable hysteresis compared with the bulk counterparts, suggesting the enhanced structural stability of nanorod morphology. These findings reveal that the size and morphology exhibit a manifest correlation with the high pressure behavior of MnO_(2) nanomaterials, providing useful insights into the intricate interplay between structure and properties.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52300206)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20230705)+3 种基金the Industry-University Research Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province,China (No.BY20221227)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (No.22KJB610014)the Talent-Recruiting Program of Nanjing Institute of Technology (No.YKJ202124)the Open Fund of Advanced Industrial Technology Research Institute,Nanjing Institute of Technology (No. XJY202110)。
文摘Elemental doping is an effective strategy to enhance photocatalytic activity and extend the light absorption range of single-component photocatalysts.In this work,a series of La-doped CeO_(2) nanorods(La-CeO_(2)-x) with La content of 1 wt%-15 wt% are synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and further used as photocatalyst for sulfamerazine(SMR) degradation.The prepared La-CeO_(2)-x nanorods exhibit a great improvement in electron-hole pair migration and visible-light response due to the synergistic effect of abundant oxygen vacancies and heterogeneous elements(La).Consequently,La-CeO_(2)-x exhibited excellent visible-light photocatalytic performances and chemical stability for SMR degradation,the La-CeO_(2)-5 sample achieved the highest SMR degradation rate of 81%,which was 3.4 times higher than that of the original CeO_(2).Furthermore,three possible degradation pathways of SMR in La-CeO_(2) photocatalytic reactions were proposed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.Finally,density functional theory calculations were carried out to provide an in-depth understanding of the structure-performance relationships.Considering its excellent properties and better photocatalytic performance,this study demonstrates that La doping in CeO_(2) is an effective way to increase oxygen vacancy and improve the photochemical properties of photocatalysts.
基金Project supported by the Education Department of Henan Province(22A170017)the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(232102240011)+1 种基金Henan Institute of Science and Technology(2016034)National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202211071012)。
文摘The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLIBs). Herein, uniform nanorod structured CeO_(2) fillers were controllably synthesized by electrospinning, which were subsequently filled into PEO polymer to prepare CeO_(2)/PEO solid composite electrolyte. The addition of CeO_(2) nanorods can reduce both the glass transition temperature and the melting point of PEO polymer, and also interact with PEO and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide(LITFSI) by Lewis acid—base reaction. Therefore, the solid composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 4.52 × 10^(-4)S/cm, a wide electrochemical stability window of about 4.8 V, and a good interfacial stability with Li at 55℃. Moreover, the LiFePO_4/Li ASSLIB divulges the discharging specific capacity of 165, 162, 156 and 146 mA,h/g at 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 C, respectively, and achieves the capacity retention of 90.3% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C. Consequently, one dimensional CeO_(2) nanorods can be considered as an alternative filler for polymeric solid electrolyte.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019ZDPY04).
文摘In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC activity of TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) composite sample was investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis,including Nyquist and Mott-Schottky(M-S)plots.It was demonstrated that vacuum annealing could crystallize Sb_(2)S_(3) component and change its color from red to black,leading to an increment of photocurrent density from 1.9 A/m^(2) to 4.25 A/m^(2) at 0 V versus saturated calomel electrode(VSCE).The enhanced PEC performance was mainly attributed to the improved visible light absorption.Moreover,annealing treatment facilitated retarding the electron-hole recombination occurred at the solid/liquid interfaces.Our work might provide a novel strategy for enhancing the PEC performance of a semiconductor electrode.
文摘MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 nanorods were successfully synthesized by the thermal treatment of rod-like precursors that were fabricated by the co-precipitation of Mn2＋, Ni2＋, and Fe2＋ in the lye. The phase, morphology, and particle diameter were examined by the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the samples were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer. nanorods with a diameter of 35 nm and an The results indicated that pure Ni0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 aspect ratio of 15 were prepared. It was found that the diametei of the MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4（0≤x≤0.5） samples increased, the length and the aspect .ratio decreased, with an increase in x value. When x=0.5, the diameter and the aspect ratio of the sample reached up to 50 nm and 7-8, respectively. The coercivity of the samples first increased and then decreased with the increase in the x value. The coercivity of the samples again increased when the x value was higher than 0.4. When x=0.5, the coercivity of the MnxNi0.5-xZn0.5Fe2O4 sample reached the maximal value （134.3 Oe） at the calcination temperature of 600 ℃. The saturation magnetization of the samples first increased and then. decreased with the increase in the x value. When x=0.2, the saturation magnetizat：ion of the sample reached the maximal value （68.5 emu/g） at the calcination temperature of 800 ℃.
文摘The Eu3＋-doped La2Zr207 phosphor with rod-like morphology was successfully synthesized by conventional solid state reaction and hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were employed to charac- terize its structure and morphology as well as luminescent properties. The results indicated that the red-emitting phosphor La2Zr207：Eu3＋ had well crystallized and belonged to the cubic structure with space group of Fd3m. The as-obtained product mainly appeared as straight nanorods with an average diameter of 47 nm and length of 50-700 nm. The pos- sible growth mechanism was also discussed. It was found that under blue excitation with a wavelength of 466 nm, the La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ phosphor exhibited a characteristic red emission at 616 nm that was attributed to the hypersensitive 5D0--＊TF2 electric dipole transition of Eu3＋ ions. Meanwhile, it was more interesting to note that the emission of 5D1--＊TFj （J=0, 1, 2） transitions and the splitting patterns of 5D0---＋TFJ （J--l, 2, 4） transitions of Eu3＋ ions can be observed in the luminescent spectra of La2Zr207：Eu3＋. It was demonstrated that Eu3＋ preferred to occupy a low symmetry site.
基金Project(2008AA031205)supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘The hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystallineβ-MnO2 nanorods and their chemical conversion into single-crystalline LiMn2O4 nanorods by a simple solid-state reaction were reported.This method has the advantages of producing pure,single-phase and crystalline nanorods.The LiMn2O4 nanorods have an diameter of about 300 nm.The discharge capacity and cyclic performance of the batteries were investigated.The LiMn2O4 nanorods show better cyclic performance with a capacity retention ratio of 86.2% after 100 cycles.Battery cyclic studies reveal that the prepared LiMn2O4 nanorods have high capacity with a first discharge capacity of 128.7 mA·h/g.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21771143)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(grant no.2017ZDJC-30,2018JQ2027)+4 种基金Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2018ZDCXLGY-08-06)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant no.BK20170413)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.xjj2017084)Foshan Science and Technology Bureau Project(No.2017AG100443)supported by the Cyrus Tang Foundation through the Tang Scholar Program。
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries have become one of the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries owing to their high specific capacity,low cost,and environment-friendliness.Many efforts have been made to mitigate the"shuttle effect"through physical adsorption and chemical bonding.MoS2 has been proposed as a cathode material to provide effective anchoring sites for lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),but is still limited by its layer structure.Herein,we designed novel MoS2 nanorods with inner caves based on our previous work,and performed synchronous encapsulation of sulfur during the synthesis process.The outer MoS2 tubular shells physically inhibit the outward diffusion of polysulfide species while the inner particles chemically anchor the polysulfides to prevent shuttling.As the cathode matrix in Li–S batteries,the electrochemical results deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 1213 mAhg^-1 for sulfur at 0.1 C.After cycling at 1 C for 300 cycles,the cells exhibit a capacity decay of only 0.076%per cycle and high average coulombic efficiency over 95%.The tubular MoS2 structure is an innovative and appealing design,which could be regarded as a prospective substrate for the improved performance of Li–S batteries.
基金Project supported by UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research,Indore-452 017,India(CSR-KN/CRS-47/2013-14/647)
文摘A simple electrodeposition technique was used to prepare Ni-CeOnanorods composite coating(Ni-CeONRs) using Watt’s nickel plating bath containing CeOnanorods(NRs) as the reinforcement phase under optimized process conditions. The X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD) was used for the structural analysis of Ni-CeONRs composite coatings and their average crystalline size is ～22 nm for pure Ni and ～18 nm,respectively. The crystalline structure is fcc for the Ni-CeOnanocomposite coatings. The surface morphology of the electrodeposited Ni-CeONRs composite coatings was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Microhardness of pure Ni and Ni-CeONRs composite coatings are found to be 253 HV and 824 HV, respectively. The inclusion of CeONRs increases the microhardness of Ni-CeONRs composite coatings. The corrosion resistance behavior of Ni-CeONRs composite coating was evaluated by Tafel polarization and AC impedance methods. It is revealed that CeONRs reinforced Ni matrix shows higher microhardness and corrosion resistance than existing reported electrodeposited pure Ni and CeOnanoparticles reinforced Ni coatings.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21401204,21773272)Science and Technology Project of Suzhou City(SYG201627)+1 种基金Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2017460)the Western Light Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2015)
文摘Small Pt and Pt-Co nanoparticles（NPs） stabilized on La2 O2 CO3 nanorods（LOC） were prepared by wet impregnation method,and probed in liquid-phase chemoselective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde（CRAL） to crotyl alcohol（CROL）.It is found that incorporation of Co atoms into Pt catalyst significantly improves the hydrogenation activity and desired selectivity to CROL as it destroys the Pt-lanthanum interfaces and results into the formation of Pt-Co particles.In addition,a close examination of catalyst surface and reactive performance suggests that the impregnation sequence of Pt and Co exerts great influence on the physicochemical property and the catalytic hydrogenation behavior of PtCo/LOC catalysts.As a result of the interaction between Pt and Co species,high alloying degree of Pt-Co NPs is obtained in the co-impregnated catalyst（Pt-Co/LOC）,thus achieving the highest hydrogenation activity.The selective deposit of Co atoms onto the low-coordinated Pt sites leads to the smallest metal particle size and high dispersion of Pt-Co NPs over the Pt/Co/LOC,giving rise to the highest selectivity and yield to CROL.
基金fundings from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872173,51772176)TaishanScholars Program of Shandong Province(Nos.tsqn201812068,tspd20161006)+6 种基金Higher School Youth Innovation Team of Shandong Province(No.2019KJA013)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2018GGX102028)Science and Technology Special Project of Qingdao City(No.20-3-4-3-nsh)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(No.SKLOP202002006)Cooperative Education Project of the Ministry of Education(No.201902195026)Humanities and Social Sciences Program(GoMoruo Studies)of the Education Department of Sichuan Province(No.GY2020C01)Shandong Archives Science and Technology Project(No.2020-33)。
文摘TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods to enhance the visible and near-infrared(NIR)light absorption of TiO_(2)NBs,a typical UV light photocatalyst,thus the enhancement of its full solar spectrum(UV,visible and NIR)photocatalytic antibacterial properties is achieved.Preliminary surface plasmon resonance(SPR)enhancement photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism is suggested.On one hand,transverse and longitudinal SPR of Au NRs is beneficial for visible and NIR light utilization.On the other hand,Au NRs combined with TiO_(2)NBs to form the heterostructure,which can improve the photogenerated carrier separation and direct electron transfer increases the hot electron concentration while Au NRs as the electron channel can well restrain charge recombination.finally produces the high yield of radical oxygen species and exhibits a superior antibacterial efficiency.Furthermore,we design a sterilization file cabinet with Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructures as the photocatalytic coating plates.Our study reveals that Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructure is a potential candidate for sterilization of bacteria and archives protection.
基金Project supported by Laboratory of Environment Materials and Project in Jiangsu Province(017375003k11034)National Natural Science Foundation of China(20773106)
文摘Well-crystallized Nd2O3 nanorods were prepared in the aqueous solution containing neodymium nitrate, sodium hydroxide（dissolved in ethanol） and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）. One dimensional nanorods of neodymium hydroxide were synthesized first, which was then placed at different temperatures（600 and 800 ℃） in a calcar for 10 h to form Nd2O3 nanorods. The morphology and crystal structure of the products were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrometry. By using SDBS micelles as a template, this method manufactured uniform morphology of hexagonal one-dimensional neodymium oxide nanorods with a diameter ranging from 20 to 70 nm. The length of the nanorods increased with prolonged reaction time.
基金Project(51208102)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Zn2GeO4 nanorods were prepared by a surfactant-assisted solution phase route.The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES),UV-vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy.The possible formation mechanism of Zn2GeO4 nanorods was discussed.It was supposed that the CTA+ cations preferentially adsorb on the planes of Zn2GeO4 nanorods,leading to preferential growth along the c-axis to form the Zn2GeO4 rods with larger aspect ratio and higher surface area,which showed the improved photocatalytic activity for photoreduction of CO2.The photoluminescence(PL) property of Zn2GeO4 nanorods was investigated through the emission spectra.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072021)。
文摘Bismuth sulfide(Bi_(2)S_(3))is a promising anode material for high-performance potassium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity.However,the poor conductivity and substantial volume expansion hinder its practical application.We proposed an iodine-doped graphene encapsulated Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods composite(Bi_(2)S_(3)/IG)as an efficient anode for PIBs.The uniform-sized Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods evenly in-situ encapsulated in iodine-doped graphene framework,facilitating the electron transportation and structural stability.The potassium storage performance was evaluated in three electrolytes,with the best option of 5 mol/L KFSI in DME.The reversible capacity of representative Bi_(2)S_(3)/IG reached 453.5 m Ah/g at 50 m A/g.Meanwhile,it could deliver an initial reversible capacity of 413.6 m Ah/g at 100 m A/g,which maintained 256.9 m Ah/g after 200 cycles.The proposed strategy contributes to improving potassium storage performance of metal sulfide anodes.
基金Project(21872174)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2017CX003,20180018050001)supported by the Innovation-Driven Plan in Central South University,China+3 种基金Project supported by State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy in Central South University,ChinaProject(JCYJ20180307151313532)supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Project,ChinaProject supported by the Thousand Youth Talents Plan of ChinaProject supported by the Hundred Youth Talents Program of Hunan,China
文摘Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has been considered as one of most effective ways to solve the current energy crisis and environmental problems.However,the practical application of photocatalytic CO_(2)RR is largely hindered by lock of efficient catalyst.Here,hierarchical titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nanostructures with a highly active{001}surface were successfully synthesized by a facile approach from metal Ti powders.The obtained hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures were composed of TiO_(2)nanorods,which have a diameter about 5–10 nm and a length of several micrometers.It is found that these nanorods have exposed{001}facets.On the other hand,these hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures have a good light-harvesting efficiency with the help of TiO_(2)nanorods component and large specific surface area.Therefore,these hierarchical TiO_(2)nanostructures exhibit a much better activity for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction than that of commercial TiO_(2)(P25).This high activity can be attributed to the synergistic effects of active surface,efficient charge transfer along nanorods and good light harvesting in the nanorod-hierarchical nanostructures.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52101243)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2020A1515010886)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou (No.202102010373)
文摘Silver vanadate(Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5))nanorods were successfully synthesized by the pre-intercalation of Ag+into the interlayer of V_(2)O_(5)through a sol-gel method,which presented a favorable electrochemical performance of high capacity,rate capacity,and cycle stability.Specific ally,Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5)electrode presented a high capacity of about 311 mAh·g^(-1)at the current density of0.1 A·g^(-1).It also delivered long-term cycling stability(144 mAh·g^(-1)after 500 cycles at 2 A·g^(-1)).The reasons for the superior electrochemical performance were the preintercalation Ag^+extended interlayer distance,and the introduction of elemental silver improved conductivity during charge/discharge.Additionally,the Zn^(2+)storage mechanism was revealed by various characteristic measurements.The prepared Ag_(0.33)V_(2)O_(5)nanorods from the sol-gel method were demonstrated as a promising cathode material for aqueous Zn^(2+)batteries.
基金the financial support of the project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51202139)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher education(No.20123108120022)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Nos. 12ZR1443900 and 14ZR1416400)the Special Research Foundation for Training and Selecting Outstanding Young Teachers of Universities in Shanghai(No.ZZSD12041)the Innovation Foundation of Shanghai University
文摘Single-crystalline anatase TiO2nanorods have been prepared by solvothermal method using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide（TBAH） as a morphology controlling agent.The obtained TiO2nanorods are dominated by a large percentage of {010} facets.The power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell（DSSC） based on anatase TiO2nanorods（8.66%） exhibits a significant improvement（35%） compared to that of P25 TiO2（5.66%）.The high performance of the anatase TiO2nanorods solar cell is ascribed to their large percent of exposed {010} facets as well as balancing their surface areas and sizes.
基金Project supported by Vietnam's National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (103.06.46.09)
文摘Europium orthophosphate monohydrate （EuPO4·H2O） nanorods with typical dimensions of about 10-30 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length were prepared by using the soft template method. The effects of using diethylene glycol （DEG） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） polymers as well as the pH values on the size, crystalline structure and morphology of EuPO4·H2O nanorods were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） data of the prepared samples were elucidated. The nanorods were highly uniform and their mean length was reduced by using DEG and PEG as soft template agents. For all prepared samples, the rhabdophanetype hexagonal EuPO4·H2O was the dominated phase. The photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy measurements of EuPO4·H2O nanorods revealed that, under UV excitation, EuPO4·H2O nanorods exhibited strong luminescence with narrow bands corresponding to the intra-4f transitions of ^5D0→^7Fj （j=1, 2, 3, 4） of Eu^3＋ ions. The peaks were found at 594 nm （^5D0→^7F1）, 619 nm （^5D0→^7F2）, 652 nm （^5D0→^7F3）, and 697 nm （^5D0→^7F4）, with the strongest emission at 594 nm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21404054,21667019,22066017,52000163)the Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20171ACB20016)+6 种基金the Jiangxi Province Major Academic and Technical Leaders Cultivating Object Program (No.20172BCB22014)the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province (Nos.20181BCB18003,20181BAB216012,20181ACG70025,and 20192BAB206013)the Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,TIPC,CSA (No.PCOM201906)the Key Project of Science and Technology Research of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (Nos.DA201602063,GJJ13508,and GJJ191044)the Aviation Science Foundation of China (No.2017ZF56020)the Fujian Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control System for Shore Environment (No.S1-KF1703)the Program B for Outstanding Ph D Candidate of Nanjing University (No.202002B076)。
文摘To enhance the photodegradation ability of CeO_(2) for organic dyes,an effective strategy is to introduce oxygen vacancies(Vo).In general,the introduced Vo are simultaneously present both on the surface and in the bulk of CeO_(2).The surface oxygen vacancies(Vo-s) can decrease the band gap,thus enhancing light absorption to produce more photogenerated e-for photodegradation.However,the bulk oxygen vacancies(Vo-b) will inhibit photocatalytic activity by increasing the recombination of photogene rated e-and Vo-b.Therefore,regulating the concentrations of Vo-s to Vo-b is a breakthrough for achieving the best utilization of photogene rated e-during photodegradation.We used an easy hydrothermal method to achieve tunable concentrations of Vo-s to Vo-b in CeO_(2) nanorods.The optimized CeO_(2) presents a 70.2%removal of rhodamine B after 120 min of ultraviolet-visible light irradiation,and a superior photodegradation performance of multiple organics.This tuning strategy for Vo also provides guidance for developing other advanced metal-oxide semiconductor photocatalysts for the photodegradation of organic dyes.
