Reporter: We are delighted to be given an opportunity to interview Madam Huang when China Expo Forum for International Cooperation (CEFCO) is approaching. Mayor Huang, would you please offer an introduction to exhibit...Reporter: We are delighted to be given an opportunity to interview Madam Huang when China Expo Forum for International Cooperation (CEFCO) is approaching. Mayor Huang, would you please offer an introduction to exhibition development in Xia’men?展开更多
The concept of matching energy was proposed by Gutman and Wagner firstly in 2012. Let G be a simple graph of order n and λ1, λ2, . . . , λn be the zeros of its matching polynomial. The matching energy of a graph G ...The concept of matching energy was proposed by Gutman and Wagner firstly in 2012. Let G be a simple graph of order n and λ1, λ2, . . . , λn be the zeros of its matching polynomial. The matching energy of a graph G is defined as ME(G) = Pni=1 |λi|. By the famous Coulson’s formula, matching energies can also be calculated by an improper integral depending on a parameter. A k-claw attaching graph Gu(k) refers to the graph obtained by attaching k pendent edges to the graph G at the vertex u, where u is called the root of Gu(k). In this paper, we use some theories of mathematical analysis to obtain a new technique to compare the matching energies of two k-claw attaching graphs Gu(k) and Hv(k) with the same order, that is, limk→∞[ME(Gu(k)) − ME(Hv(k))] = ME(G − u) − ME(H − v). By the technique, we finally determine unicyclic graphs of order n with the 9th to 13th minimal matching energies for all n ≥ 58.展开更多
Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of a...Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.展开更多
Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and te...Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and teenagers.This study aimed to explore the latent profiles and longitudinal transition patterns of parent-child and peer attachments among adolescents.Methods:A cohort of 914 participants from China completed the measures with a twelve-month interval.There were 46.8%boys and 53.2%girls in this survey.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was adopted to explore the distinct profiles reflecting different parent-child and peer attachment response patterns at each time point.Latent transition analysis(LTA)was used to examine the membership of distinct latent profiles and how individuals move between profiles over time.Results:Three latent profiles were found:the poor parent-child communication profile,the moderate attachment profile,and the good attachment profile.It was shown that the transition probability from the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles to the moderate attachment profile was higher than the transition probability between the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles.Patterns of parent-child and peer attachments were associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion:This study demonstrates differences in adolescents’attachment to fathers,mothers,and peers and the need for targeted interventions for groups of adolescents with moderate levels of parent-child and peer attachment.展开更多
Jellyfish outbreaks are severely exacerbated by coastal eutrophication,overfishing,and aquaculture.Jellyfish proliferation has been shown closely connected with larval populations during the early stages of their life...Jellyfish outbreaks are severely exacerbated by coastal eutrophication,overfishing,and aquaculture.Jellyfish proliferation has been shown closely connected with larval populations during the early stages of their life cycle.However,the factors affecting larval populations have not been fully explored.The changes in metabolites during the transition from planula larvae to polyps were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer.In jellyfish planula larvae and polyps,lipids and lipid-like molecules are the most abundant metabolites,followed by organic acids and their derivatives,organic heterocyclic compounds,and organic oxygen compounds.In comparison with planula larvae,13 metabolites were significantly increased while 212 were significantly decreased.Most of these metabolites are involved in lipid metabolism,amino acids metabolism,and nucleotide metabolism.Furthermore,during the jellyfish planula larvae metamorphosis and settlement,five differentially expressed metabolites were identified as candidate metabolites that facilitate larvae attachment and metamorphosis,including glycerol lactate pyruvate,N-stearoyl asparagine,4-methyl-umbelliferyl-N-acetyl-chitobiose,levetiracetam,and 4-amino-1-[(2 R,5 R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-sulfanyloxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one.This study identified the metabolites and helped understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying the attachment and metamorphosis of jellyfish larvae,which expands our knowledge of jellyfish blooming at the early life stage.展开更多
BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabr...BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.展开更多
Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle H...Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle Harbor over a year,with monthly and quarterly sampling.Both species richness and bacterial numbers exhibited seasonal variations.Specifically,the abundance of attached bacteria and bacterioplankton peaked in June and July,corresponding to higher water temperatures in summer and autumn,while lower abundances were noted in January and December during cooler periods.Throughout the year,the species richness of attached bacteria consistently exceeded that of planktonic bacteria in both shallow and deep waters.Pseudoalteromonas emerged as the most prevalent genus among both planktonic and attached bacteria in surface and bottom seawater samples.Furthermore,the magnitude of changes in species richness and abundance for attached bacteria(0.66×10^(5)-15.85×10^(5)CFU/cm^(2))was greater than that observed for planktonic bacteria(0.58×10^(8)-5.33×10^(8)CFU/L).We propose that the attached bacterial populations,situated in limited microenvironments within the larger seawater ecosystem,exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations,resulting in more rapid shifts in population dynamics and lower ecological stability.The theoretical implications and potential applications of these findings warrant further investigation.展开更多
Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait....Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of insecure attachment and life history strategy(LHS)on the relationship between CEU and psychopathy by establishing a sequential mediation model based on evolutionary life history theory and cognitive-affective personality system.Methods:A group of 532 undergraduates completed the measurements for CEU,insecure attachment,LHS,and psychopathy,and Bootstrap mediation test through SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro tool was used to examine the relationship among these variables.Results:The results revealed positive relations between CEU and insecure attachment(β=0.87,p<0.001),CEU and LHS(β=0.11,p<0.001),and CEU and psychopathy(β=0.14,p<0.001).Insecure attachment was also positively associated with LHS(β=0.62,p<0.001)and psychopathy(β=0.04,p<0.001).In addition,LHS was significantly associated with psychopathy(β=0.08,p<0.001).The relationship between CEU and psychopathy is mediated independently and sequentially by insecure attachment and LHS.Conclusion:The current research shows the relationship between CEU and psychopathy,as well as the mechanism of insecure attachment and life history strategy as mediators.展开更多
Concrete is subject to the synergistic effects of physical,chemical and biological processes throughout its life cycle.Among them,the corrosion of concrete by physical and chemical effects has been studied in detail.W...Concrete is subject to the synergistic effects of physical,chemical and biological processes throughout its life cycle.Among them,the corrosion of concrete by physical and chemical effects has been studied in detail.With the advance of various basic engineering facilities to the ocean,the deterioration mechanism of concrete caused by Marine fouling organisms remains to be studied.In particular,the corrosion and damage of Marine concrete by algae have rarely been reported by scholars.Therefore,combined with the current research status,we will review the mechanism of algal corrosion,the damage effect of algal adhesion on concrete and its interior,the factors affecting algal adhesion behavior,and the protection technology of algal adhesion.展开更多
This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring sceni...This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic area in Dunhuang,China as a case study.Data were collected from 315 tourists using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through a structural equation model.Results show that perceived value and awe significantly influence ERB both directly and indirectly via place attachment.Specifically,perceived value has a stronger direct effect on ERB compared to awe,highlighting the importance of tourists'overall evaluation of the destination in promoting sustainable behaviors.The mediating role of place attachment underscores the significance of emotional connections to the environment in fostering ERB.These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable tourism management in fragile desert ecosystems.The study also highlights the importance of enhancing perceived value through high-quality services and leveraging awe-inspiring experiences to promote sustainable behaviors.展开更多
Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating ...Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.展开更多
Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment ...Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment style may have a role in shaping such associations.Aims This study aims to provide a unified model of the impact of ACEs on NSSI,exploring complex post-traumatic stress disorder(cPTSD)symptoms and dissociation as potential mediators and the role of the predominant attachment style in affecting such associations.Methods 1010 young individuals attending the last year of high school participated in this cross-sectional study.ACEs,cPTSD,dissociation and NSSI were evaluated using self-report questionnaires.We fitted a path model of NSSI,with ACEs as exogenous variables and cPTSD and dissociation as sequential mediators.Secure,fearful and preoccupied attachment styles were modelled as grouping variables.Results Our findings showed that dissociation mediated the impact of ACEs on NSSI in subjects with a fearful attachment style,as opposed to those with a preoccupied attachment for whom cPTSD symptoms mediated the ACEs-NSSI association.Conclusions Attachment styles moderate the relationship between ACEs and NSSI,with either dissociation or post-traumatic symptomatology mediating the impact of ACEs on NSSI,depending on the predominant attachment style.Our results highlight the importance of attachment as a pathway modifier in the relationships between different psychopathology dimensions,providing a useful framework to better conceptualise the ACEs-NSSI association.展开更多
In-pipe robots have been widely used in pipes-with smooth inner walls.However,current in-pipe robots face challenges in terms of moving past obstacles and climbing in marine-vessel pipeline systems,which are affected ...In-pipe robots have been widely used in pipes-with smooth inner walls.However,current in-pipe robots face challenges in terms of moving past obstacles and climbing in marine-vessel pipeline systems,which are affected by marine biofouling and electrochemical corrosion.This paper takes inspiration from the dual-hook structure of Trypoxylus dichotomus’s feet and gecko‑like dry adhesives,proposing an in-pipe robot that is capable of climbing on rough and smooth pipe inwalls.The combination of the bioinspired hook and dry adhesives allows the robot to stably attach to rough or smooth pipe inwalls,while the wheel-leg hybrid mechanism provides better conditions for obstacle traversal.The paper explores the attachment and obstacle-surmounting mechanisms of the robot.Moreover,motion strategies for the robot are devised based on different pipe structural features.The experiments showed that this robot can adapt to both smooth and rough pipe environments simultaneously,and its motion performance is superior to conventional driving mechanisms.The robot’s active turning actuators also enable it to navigate through horizontally or vertically oriented 90°bends.展开更多
Objectives:Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar(PMFM-DLR)has been frequently reported,which may complicate the treatment of periodontitis.This study aimed to assess the morphological features of P...Objectives:Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar(PMFM-DLR)has been frequently reported,which may complicate the treatment of periodontitis.This study aimed to assess the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and investigate the correlation between the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and periodontal status in patients with Eastern Chinese ethnic background.Materials and methods:A total of 836 cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images with 1497 mandibular first molars were analyzed to observe the prevalence of PMFM-DLR at the patients and tooth levels in Eastern China.Among them,complete periodontal charts were available for 69 Chinese patients with 103 teeth.Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the morphological features of DLR,bone loss,and periodontal clinical parameters,including clinical attachment loss(CAL),probing pocket depth(PPD),gingival recession(GR),and furcation involvement(FI).Results:The patient-level prevalence and tooth-level prevalence of DLR in mandibular first molars were 29.4%and 26.3%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that bone loss at the lingual site and CAL were negatively affected by the angle of separation between distolingual and mesial roots in the transverse section,while they were significantly influenced by age and the angle of separation between distobuccal and mesial roots in the coronal section.Conclusions:The prevalence of PMFM-DLR in Eastern China was relatively high in our cohort.The morphological features of DLR were correlated with the periodontal status of mandibular first molars.This study provides critical information on the morphological features of DLR for improved diagnosis and treatment options of mandibular molars with DLR.展开更多
The screening and identification of attachment genes is important to exploring the formation mechanism of biofilms at the gene level.It is helpful to the development of key culture technologies for aerobic granular sl...The screening and identification of attachment genes is important to exploring the formation mechanism of biofilms at the gene level.It is helpful to the development of key culture technologies for aerobic granular sludge(AGS).In this study,genome-wide sequencing and gene editing were employed for the first time to investigate the effects and functions of attachment genes in AGS.With the help of whole-genome analysis,ten attachment genes were screened from thirteen genes,and the efficiency of gene screening was greatly improved.Then,two attachment genes were selected as examples to further confirm the gene functions by constructing gene-knockout recombinant mutants of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia;when the two attachment genes were knocked out,the attachment potential was reduced by 50.67%and 43.93%,respectively.The results provide a new theoretical principle and efficient method for the development of AGS from the perspective of attachment genes.展开更多
Flexible attachment actuators are popular in a wide range of applications,owing to their flexibility and highly reliable attachment.However,their reversible adhesion performance depends on the actual effective contact...Flexible attachment actuators are popular in a wide range of applications,owing to their flexibility and highly reliable attachment.However,their reversible adhesion performance depends on the actual effective contact area and peel angle during operation.Therefore,a good actuator must ensure a uniform and reliable pre-pressure load on an adhesive surface,to increase the effective contact area of the attached surface,thereby maximizing adhesion.This study was inspired by fusion bionics for designing a hierarchical attachment structure with vacuum-adsorption and dry-adhesion mechanisms.The designed structure used the normal force under the negative pressure of a suction cup as a stable source of a pre-pressure load.By optimizing the rigid and flexible structural layers of the attachment structure,a load was applied uniformly to the adhesion area;thus,reliable attachment was achieved by self-preloading.The structure achieved detachment by exploiting the large deformation of a pneumatic structure under a positive pressure.The hierarchical attachment structure achieved up to 85%of the optimal performance of the adhesive surface.Owing to its self-preloading and reliable attachment characteristics,the designed structure can be used as an attachment unit in various complex scenarios,such as small,lightweight climbing platforms and the transport of objects in long,narrow pipelines.展开更多
To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstru...To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstructure of mortar surfaces. The results show that the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater is closely related to the corrosion suffered by the mortar, and the process of biofilm attachment and shedding is continuous and cyclical. It is found that the specimens in the absence of biofilm attachment are more severely eroded internally by the corrosive medium in simulated seawater than those in the presence of biofilm attachment. For the specimens without biofilm attachment, after 60 days, gypsum forms,and after 120 days, the number of pores in the mortar is reduced. In contrast, for the specimens in the presence of biofilm attachment, gypsum could only be detected after 90 days, and fewer pores are filled. Therefore, the formation of biofilm could delay the invasion of the corrosive medium into the interior of mortar during the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces, mitigating the corrosion of mortars in seawater.展开更多
In this work,a modified polyurethane adhesive(PUA)was prepared to realize a convenient encapsulation strategy for lead sedimentation and attachable perovskite solar cells(A-PSCs).The modified PUA can completely self-h...In this work,a modified polyurethane adhesive(PUA)was prepared to realize a convenient encapsulation strategy for lead sedimentation and attachable perovskite solar cells(A-PSCs).The modified PUA can completely self-heal within 45 min at room temperature with an efficient lead ion-blocking rate of 99.3%.The PUA film can be coated on a metal electrode with slight efficiency improvement from 23.96%to 24.15%.The thermal stability at 65℃and the humidity stability at 55%relative humidity(RH)are superior to the devices encapsulated with polyisobutylene.The PUA film has strong adhesion to the flexible substrate and the initial efficiency of the flexible perovskite module(17.2%)encapsulated by PUA remains 92.6%within 1825 h.These results suggest that PUA encapsulation is universal for rigid and flexible PSCs with enhanced stability and low lead hazards.Moreover,it was found that flexible PSCs can be well attached to various substrates with PUA,providing a facile route for the A-PSCs in various scenarios without additional encapsulation and installation.展开更多
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),defibrillation,or cardioversion,the use of self-adhesive pads instead of conventional paddles has gradually become common.In particular,it was recommended during the COVID-19 ...During cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),defibrillation,or cardioversion,the use of self-adhesive pads instead of conventional paddles has gradually become common.In particular,it was recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic,as it allows defibrillation or cardioversion to be performed without close contact between the rescuer and patient.[1,2]Self-adhesive pads can minimize the downtime of chest compressions before and after defibrillation and protect the patient from electric arc formation,skin burns,and fi re.Once the pads are attached,electrocardiographic rhythm analysis,defibrillation,synchronous cardioversion,and cardiovascular support are all possible.Unlike paddles,self-adhesive pads can save time because the application of conductive jelly,repeated positioning,and application of 10-12 kg of pressure on the chest are not needed.The European Resuscitation Council(ERC)Guidelines 2021 state that the use of self-adhesive pads is recommended in advanced cardiovascular life support(ACLS).[3]Nevertheless,some medical staff still tend to prefer the use of conventional paddles instead of self-adhesive pads in hospitals.展开更多
Hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)) based photoanodes have been extensively studied due to various intriguing features that make them viable candidates for a photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting photoanode.Herein,we propose...Hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)) based photoanodes have been extensively studied due to various intriguing features that make them viable candidates for a photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting photoanode.Herein,we propose a Zr-doped Fe_(2)O_(3) photoanode decorated with facilely spin-coated Au nanoparticles(NPs) and microwave-assisted attached Si co-doping in conjunction with a SiO_(x) overlayer that displayed a remarkable photocurrent density of 2.01 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 V vs.RHE.The kinetic dynamics at the photoelectrode/-electrolyte interface was examined by employing systematic electrochemical investigations.The Au NPs played a dual role in increasing PEC water splitting.First,the Schottky interface that was formed between Au NPs and Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) lectrode ensured the prevention of electron flow from the photoanode to the metal,increasing the number of available charges as well as suppressing surface charge recombination.Second,Au extracted photoholes from the bulk of the Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) and transported them to the outer SiO_(x) overlayer,while the SiO_(x) overlayer efficiently collected the photoholes and promoted the hole injection into the electrolyte.Further,Si co-doping enhanced bulk conductivity by reducing bulk charge transfer resistance and improving charge carrier density.This study outlines a technique to design a metallic charge transfer path with an overlayer for solar energy conversion.展开更多
文摘Reporter: We are delighted to be given an opportunity to interview Madam Huang when China Expo Forum for International Cooperation (CEFCO) is approaching. Mayor Huang, would you please offer an introduction to exhibition development in Xia’men?
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12271439,11871398)the National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.201910699173)。
文摘The concept of matching energy was proposed by Gutman and Wagner firstly in 2012. Let G be a simple graph of order n and λ1, λ2, . . . , λn be the zeros of its matching polynomial. The matching energy of a graph G is defined as ME(G) = Pni=1 |λi|. By the famous Coulson’s formula, matching energies can also be calculated by an improper integral depending on a parameter. A k-claw attaching graph Gu(k) refers to the graph obtained by attaching k pendent edges to the graph G at the vertex u, where u is called the root of Gu(k). In this paper, we use some theories of mathematical analysis to obtain a new technique to compare the matching energies of two k-claw attaching graphs Gu(k) and Hv(k) with the same order, that is, limk→∞[ME(Gu(k)) − ME(Hv(k))] = ME(G − u) − ME(H − v). By the technique, we finally determine unicyclic graphs of order n with the 9th to 13th minimal matching energies for all n ≥ 58.
基金supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project,Ministry of Education,to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Cheng Kung University(NCKU).
文摘Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.
基金funded by the Shihezi University Innovation and Development Special Project“Research and Application of Knowledge Graph Based Big Data Platform for the Development Trend of College Students’Mental Health”(CXFZSK202205)by the China Young Pioneers Research Topic General Topic(2022YB16).
文摘Objectives:Attachment is a profound and enduring connection to the emotion children progressively form with their parents as they mature.It significantly impacts the social and psychological development of kids and teenagers.This study aimed to explore the latent profiles and longitudinal transition patterns of parent-child and peer attachments among adolescents.Methods:A cohort of 914 participants from China completed the measures with a twelve-month interval.There were 46.8%boys and 53.2%girls in this survey.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was adopted to explore the distinct profiles reflecting different parent-child and peer attachment response patterns at each time point.Latent transition analysis(LTA)was used to examine the membership of distinct latent profiles and how individuals move between profiles over time.Results:Three latent profiles were found:the poor parent-child communication profile,the moderate attachment profile,and the good attachment profile.It was shown that the transition probability from the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles to the moderate attachment profile was higher than the transition probability between the poor parent-child communication and good attachment profiles.Patterns of parent-child and peer attachments were associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion:This study demonstrates differences in adolescents’attachment to fathers,mothers,and peers and the need for targeted interventions for groups of adolescents with moderate levels of parent-child and peer attachment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)-Shandong Joint Fund(No.U 2106208)the NSFC(No.41976147)the Doctoral Fund of Yantai University(No.2222017)。
文摘Jellyfish outbreaks are severely exacerbated by coastal eutrophication,overfishing,and aquaculture.Jellyfish proliferation has been shown closely connected with larval populations during the early stages of their life cycle.However,the factors affecting larval populations have not been fully explored.The changes in metabolites during the transition from planula larvae to polyps were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer.In jellyfish planula larvae and polyps,lipids and lipid-like molecules are the most abundant metabolites,followed by organic acids and their derivatives,organic heterocyclic compounds,and organic oxygen compounds.In comparison with planula larvae,13 metabolites were significantly increased while 212 were significantly decreased.Most of these metabolites are involved in lipid metabolism,amino acids metabolism,and nucleotide metabolism.Furthermore,during the jellyfish planula larvae metamorphosis and settlement,five differentially expressed metabolites were identified as candidate metabolites that facilitate larvae attachment and metamorphosis,including glycerol lactate pyruvate,N-stearoyl asparagine,4-methyl-umbelliferyl-N-acetyl-chitobiose,levetiracetam,and 4-amino-1-[(2 R,5 R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-sulfanyloxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one.This study identified the metabolites and helped understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying the attachment and metamorphosis of jellyfish larvae,which expands our knowledge of jellyfish blooming at the early life stage.
文摘BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42206126 and 42076044the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under contract No.ZR2021QD099.
文摘Plate culture counting and strain isolation methods were utilized to assess the species richness and abundance of planktonic and attached bacteria on glass plates in the surface and bottom seawater of Qingdao Middle Harbor over a year,with monthly and quarterly sampling.Both species richness and bacterial numbers exhibited seasonal variations.Specifically,the abundance of attached bacteria and bacterioplankton peaked in June and July,corresponding to higher water temperatures in summer and autumn,while lower abundances were noted in January and December during cooler periods.Throughout the year,the species richness of attached bacteria consistently exceeded that of planktonic bacteria in both shallow and deep waters.Pseudoalteromonas emerged as the most prevalent genus among both planktonic and attached bacteria in surface and bottom seawater samples.Furthermore,the magnitude of changes in species richness and abundance for attached bacteria(0.66×10^(5)-15.85×10^(5)CFU/cm^(2))was greater than that observed for planktonic bacteria(0.58×10^(8)-5.33×10^(8)CFU/L).We propose that the attached bacterial populations,situated in limited microenvironments within the larger seawater ecosystem,exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations,resulting in more rapid shifts in population dynamics and lower ecological stability.The theoretical implications and potential applications of these findings warrant further investigation.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515110608)Department of Education of Guangdong Province-Guangdong Province General University Youth Innovative Talent Project(2019KQNCX039).
文摘Background:Childhood environmental unpredictability(CEU)is crucial to personal development,profoundly influence physical and psychological growth particularly,and psychopathy is recognized as a dark personality trait.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of insecure attachment and life history strategy(LHS)on the relationship between CEU and psychopathy by establishing a sequential mediation model based on evolutionary life history theory and cognitive-affective personality system.Methods:A group of 532 undergraduates completed the measurements for CEU,insecure attachment,LHS,and psychopathy,and Bootstrap mediation test through SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS macro tool was used to examine the relationship among these variables.Results:The results revealed positive relations between CEU and insecure attachment(β=0.87,p<0.001),CEU and LHS(β=0.11,p<0.001),and CEU and psychopathy(β=0.14,p<0.001).Insecure attachment was also positively associated with LHS(β=0.62,p<0.001)and psychopathy(β=0.04,p<0.001).In addition,LHS was significantly associated with psychopathy(β=0.08,p<0.001).The relationship between CEU and psychopathy is mediated independently and sequentially by insecure attachment and LHS.Conclusion:The current research shows the relationship between CEU and psychopathy,as well as the mechanism of insecure attachment and life history strategy as mediators.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52278269,52278268,and 52178264)the Tianjin Outstanding Young Scholars Science Fund Project(No.22JCJQJC00020)+1 种基金the Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.23JCZDJC00430)the Joint Research Center of China and Foreign Countries Special Fund of Tianjin Innovation Platform(No.24PTLYHZ00240)。
文摘Concrete is subject to the synergistic effects of physical,chemical and biological processes throughout its life cycle.Among them,the corrosion of concrete by physical and chemical effects has been studied in detail.With the advance of various basic engineering facilities to the ocean,the deterioration mechanism of concrete caused by Marine fouling organisms remains to be studied.In particular,the corrosion and damage of Marine concrete by algae have rarely been reported by scholars.Therefore,combined with the current research status,we will review the mechanism of algal corrosion,the damage effect of algal adhesion on concrete and its interior,the factors affecting algal adhesion behavior,and the protection technology of algal adhesion.
基金financed by 2024 Gansu Province College Teachers'Innovation Fund Project(2024B-051)Northwest Normal University Young Teachers'Research Ability Enhancement Program Project(NWNU-LKQN2019-25)Grant number Gansu Provincial Social Science Planning Youth Project"Research on the Construction of Tourism Safety Guarantee System for Scenic Spots in Gansu Province"(2021QN008).
文摘This study explores the impact of perceived value,awe,and place attachment on tourists'environmentally responsible behavior(ERB)in desert tourism contexts,using the Singing Sands Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic area in Dunhuang,China as a case study.Data were collected from 315 tourists using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through a structural equation model.Results show that perceived value and awe significantly influence ERB both directly and indirectly via place attachment.Specifically,perceived value has a stronger direct effect on ERB compared to awe,highlighting the importance of tourists'overall evaluation of the destination in promoting sustainable behaviors.The mediating role of place attachment underscores the significance of emotional connections to the environment in fostering ERB.These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable tourism management in fragile desert ecosystems.The study also highlights the importance of enhancing perceived value through high-quality services and leveraging awe-inspiring experiences to promote sustainable behaviors.
基金the financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0470303)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB4600101)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175201)the Research Program of Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (24JRRA059, 24JRRA044, and 24YFFA014)the Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai (AMGM2024F12)the Major Program (ZYFZFX-2) of the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CASthe Special Research Assistant Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Oasis Scholar of Shihezi University
文摘Octopuses,due to their flexible arms,marvelous adaptability,and powerful suckers,are able to effortlessly grasp and disengage various objects in the marine surrounding without causing devastation.However,manipulating delicate objects such as soft and fragile foods underwater require gentle contact and stable adhesion,which poses a serious challenge to now available soft grippers.Inspired by the sucker infundibulum structure and flexible tentacles of octopus,herein we developed a hydraulically actuated hydrogel soft gripper with adaptive maneuverability by coupling multiple hydrogen bond-mediated supramolecular hydrogels and vat polymerization three-dimensional printing,in which hydrogel bionic sucker is composed of a tunable curvature membrane,a negative pressure cavity,and a pneumatic chamber.The design of the sucker structure with the alterable curvature membrane is conducive to realize the reliable and gentle switchable adhesion of the hydrogel soft gripper.As a proof-of-concept,the adaptive hydrogel soft gripper is capable of implement diversified underwater tasks,including gingerly grasping fragile foods like egg yolks and tofu,as well as underwater robots and vehicles that station-keeping and crawling based on switchable adhesion.This study therefore provides a transformative strategy for the design of novel soft grippers that will render promising utilities for underwater exploration soft robotics.
基金supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU(NGEU)and funded by the Ministry of University and Research(MUR),National Recovery and Resilience Plan(NRRP),project MNESYS(PE0000006)-(DN.155311.10.2022)supported by Sapienza Grant 2021(RM12117A60BDF685).
文摘Background Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is a significant health concern among adolescents and young adults,often resulting from adverse childhood experiences(ACEs).Dissociation,post-traumatic symptoms and attachment style may have a role in shaping such associations.Aims This study aims to provide a unified model of the impact of ACEs on NSSI,exploring complex post-traumatic stress disorder(cPTSD)symptoms and dissociation as potential mediators and the role of the predominant attachment style in affecting such associations.Methods 1010 young individuals attending the last year of high school participated in this cross-sectional study.ACEs,cPTSD,dissociation and NSSI were evaluated using self-report questionnaires.We fitted a path model of NSSI,with ACEs as exogenous variables and cPTSD and dissociation as sequential mediators.Secure,fearful and preoccupied attachment styles were modelled as grouping variables.Results Our findings showed that dissociation mediated the impact of ACEs on NSSI in subjects with a fearful attachment style,as opposed to those with a preoccupied attachment for whom cPTSD symptoms mediated the ACEs-NSSI association.Conclusions Attachment styles moderate the relationship between ACEs and NSSI,with either dissociation or post-traumatic symptomatology mediating the impact of ACEs on NSSI,depending on the predominant attachment style.Our results highlight the importance of attachment as a pathway modifier in the relationships between different psychopathology dimensions,providing a useful framework to better conceptualise the ACEs-NSSI association.
基金supported by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(1005-IZD23002-25)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant nos.52075248.
文摘In-pipe robots have been widely used in pipes-with smooth inner walls.However,current in-pipe robots face challenges in terms of moving past obstacles and climbing in marine-vessel pipeline systems,which are affected by marine biofouling and electrochemical corrosion.This paper takes inspiration from the dual-hook structure of Trypoxylus dichotomus’s feet and gecko‑like dry adhesives,proposing an in-pipe robot that is capable of climbing on rough and smooth pipe inwalls.The combination of the bioinspired hook and dry adhesives allows the robot to stably attach to rough or smooth pipe inwalls,while the wheel-leg hybrid mechanism provides better conditions for obstacle traversal.The paper explores the attachment and obstacle-surmounting mechanisms of the robot.Moreover,motion strategies for the robot are devised based on different pipe structural features.The experiments showed that this robot can adapt to both smooth and rough pipe environments simultaneously,and its motion performance is superior to conventional driving mechanisms.The robot’s active turning actuators also enable it to navigate through horizontally or vertically oriented 90°bends.
基金The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Stomatology Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine(No.2023-031)and registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(No.ChiCTR2300074445).
文摘Objectives:Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar(PMFM-DLR)has been frequently reported,which may complicate the treatment of periodontitis.This study aimed to assess the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and investigate the correlation between the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and periodontal status in patients with Eastern Chinese ethnic background.Materials and methods:A total of 836 cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images with 1497 mandibular first molars were analyzed to observe the prevalence of PMFM-DLR at the patients and tooth levels in Eastern China.Among them,complete periodontal charts were available for 69 Chinese patients with 103 teeth.Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the morphological features of DLR,bone loss,and periodontal clinical parameters,including clinical attachment loss(CAL),probing pocket depth(PPD),gingival recession(GR),and furcation involvement(FI).Results:The patient-level prevalence and tooth-level prevalence of DLR in mandibular first molars were 29.4%and 26.3%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that bone loss at the lingual site and CAL were negatively affected by the angle of separation between distolingual and mesial roots in the transverse section,while they were significantly influenced by age and the angle of separation between distobuccal and mesial roots in the coronal section.Conclusions:The prevalence of PMFM-DLR in Eastern China was relatively high in our cohort.The morphological features of DLR were correlated with the periodontal status of mandibular first molars.This study provides critical information on the morphological features of DLR for improved diagnosis and treatment options of mandibular molars with DLR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51578069)Beijing Science and Technology Commission Project(No.Z171100000717012)。
文摘The screening and identification of attachment genes is important to exploring the formation mechanism of biofilms at the gene level.It is helpful to the development of key culture technologies for aerobic granular sludge(AGS).In this study,genome-wide sequencing and gene editing were employed for the first time to investigate the effects and functions of attachment genes in AGS.With the help of whole-genome analysis,ten attachment genes were screened from thirteen genes,and the efficiency of gene screening was greatly improved.Then,two attachment genes were selected as examples to further confirm the gene functions by constructing gene-knockout recombinant mutants of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia;when the two attachment genes were knocked out,the attachment potential was reduced by 50.67%and 43.93%,respectively.The results provide a new theoretical principle and efficient method for the development of AGS from the perspective of attachment genes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D program of China(2023YFE0207000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975283 and U22B2040)the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(Grant No.1005-IZD2300225).
文摘Flexible attachment actuators are popular in a wide range of applications,owing to their flexibility and highly reliable attachment.However,their reversible adhesion performance depends on the actual effective contact area and peel angle during operation.Therefore,a good actuator must ensure a uniform and reliable pre-pressure load on an adhesive surface,to increase the effective contact area of the attached surface,thereby maximizing adhesion.This study was inspired by fusion bionics for designing a hierarchical attachment structure with vacuum-adsorption and dry-adhesion mechanisms.The designed structure used the normal force under the negative pressure of a suction cup as a stable source of a pre-pressure load.By optimizing the rigid and flexible structural layers of the attachment structure,a load was applied uniformly to the adhesion area;thus,reliable attachment was achieved by self-preloading.The structure achieved detachment by exploiting the large deformation of a pneumatic structure under a positive pressure.The hierarchical attachment structure achieved up to 85%of the optimal performance of the adhesive surface.Owing to its self-preloading and reliable attachment characteristics,the designed structure can be used as an attachment unit in various complex scenarios,such as small,lightweight climbing platforms and the transport of objects in long,narrow pipelines.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52278269, 52278268, 52178264, 52108238)Tianjin Outstanding Young Scholars Science Fund Project (No. 22JCJQJC00020)State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials Open Foundation (No. 2021GBM08)。
文摘To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstructure of mortar surfaces. The results show that the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater is closely related to the corrosion suffered by the mortar, and the process of biofilm attachment and shedding is continuous and cyclical. It is found that the specimens in the absence of biofilm attachment are more severely eroded internally by the corrosive medium in simulated seawater than those in the presence of biofilm attachment. For the specimens without biofilm attachment, after 60 days, gypsum forms,and after 120 days, the number of pores in the mortar is reduced. In contrast, for the specimens in the presence of biofilm attachment, gypsum could only be detected after 90 days, and fewer pores are filled. Therefore, the formation of biofilm could delay the invasion of the corrosive medium into the interior of mortar during the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces, mitigating the corrosion of mortars in seawater.
基金financially supported by the China National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2019YFE0107200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52072284)+1 种基金Joint Funds of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023cFD087)Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory(XHD2020-001)
文摘In this work,a modified polyurethane adhesive(PUA)was prepared to realize a convenient encapsulation strategy for lead sedimentation and attachable perovskite solar cells(A-PSCs).The modified PUA can completely self-heal within 45 min at room temperature with an efficient lead ion-blocking rate of 99.3%.The PUA film can be coated on a metal electrode with slight efficiency improvement from 23.96%to 24.15%.The thermal stability at 65℃and the humidity stability at 55%relative humidity(RH)are superior to the devices encapsulated with polyisobutylene.The PUA film has strong adhesion to the flexible substrate and the initial efficiency of the flexible perovskite module(17.2%)encapsulated by PUA remains 92.6%within 1825 h.These results suggest that PUA encapsulation is universal for rigid and flexible PSCs with enhanced stability and low lead hazards.Moreover,it was found that flexible PSCs can be well attached to various substrates with PUA,providing a facile route for the A-PSCs in various scenarios without additional encapsulation and installation.
基金supported by the 2023 Yeungnam University research grant to H Chung(223A580006).
文摘During cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),defibrillation,or cardioversion,the use of self-adhesive pads instead of conventional paddles has gradually become common.In particular,it was recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic,as it allows defibrillation or cardioversion to be performed without close contact between the rescuer and patient.[1,2]Self-adhesive pads can minimize the downtime of chest compressions before and after defibrillation and protect the patient from electric arc formation,skin burns,and fi re.Once the pads are attached,electrocardiographic rhythm analysis,defibrillation,synchronous cardioversion,and cardiovascular support are all possible.Unlike paddles,self-adhesive pads can save time because the application of conductive jelly,repeated positioning,and application of 10-12 kg of pressure on the chest are not needed.The European Resuscitation Council(ERC)Guidelines 2021 state that the use of self-adhesive pads is recommended in advanced cardiovascular life support(ACLS).[3]Nevertheless,some medical staff still tend to prefer the use of conventional paddles instead of self-adhesive pads in hospitals.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(NRF-2021R1A2C1095669,NRF-2021R1F1A1049366 and NRF2023R1A2C1003088)supported by the GRDC(Global Research Development Center)Cooperative Hub Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(RS-202300258911)。
文摘Hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)) based photoanodes have been extensively studied due to various intriguing features that make them viable candidates for a photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting photoanode.Herein,we propose a Zr-doped Fe_(2)O_(3) photoanode decorated with facilely spin-coated Au nanoparticles(NPs) and microwave-assisted attached Si co-doping in conjunction with a SiO_(x) overlayer that displayed a remarkable photocurrent density of 2.01 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 V vs.RHE.The kinetic dynamics at the photoelectrode/-electrolyte interface was examined by employing systematic electrochemical investigations.The Au NPs played a dual role in increasing PEC water splitting.First,the Schottky interface that was formed between Au NPs and Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) lectrode ensured the prevention of electron flow from the photoanode to the metal,increasing the number of available charges as well as suppressing surface charge recombination.Second,Au extracted photoholes from the bulk of the Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) and transported them to the outer SiO_(x) overlayer,while the SiO_(x) overlayer efficiently collected the photoholes and promoted the hole injection into the electrolyte.Further,Si co-doping enhanced bulk conductivity by reducing bulk charge transfer resistance and improving charge carrier density.This study outlines a technique to design a metallic charge transfer path with an overlayer for solar energy conversion.
