Lichenicolous fungi belonging to the anamorphtypified genus Phaeosporobolus and to the teleomorph-typified genus Lichenostigma were isolated in pure culture or sequenced directly,with nuLSU and mtSSU sequences obtaine...Lichenicolous fungi belonging to the anamorphtypified genus Phaeosporobolus and to the teleomorph-typified genus Lichenostigma were isolated in pure culture or sequenced directly,with nuLSU and mtSSU sequences obtained.Phylogenetic analyses place the species of Phaeosporobolusin a strongly supported clade with the generic type of Lichenostigma(L.maureri),the genus Phaeococcomyces and several melanized rock-inhabiting isolates.This strongly supported nonlichenized lineage is sister to the primarily lichenized Arthoniales in the Arthoniomycetes and is here described as the Lichenostigmatales.The new order is characterized by cells multiplying by budding,either representing black yeasts,or species in which conidiomata and ascomata are entirely made of an organised agglomeration of spherical yeast-like cells.This way of life is not only very different from all other Arthoniomycetes that exist only in the mycelial stage,but ascomata and conidiomata representing a dense and organised agglomeration of yeast cells might be unique amongst fungi.A further difference with the Arthoniales is the absence of paraphysoids.Phylogenetic results suggest that Phaeosporobolus usneae is the asexual stage of Lichenostigma maureri.Most species of Phaeosporobolus are transferred to the genus Lichenostigma except P.trypethelii,for which the new genus Etayoa is described.The genus Diederimyces is reduced into synonymy with Lichenostigma.Several other members of Lichenostigma are placed in the Dothideomycetes and are intermixed with Lichenothelia species.展开更多
A two-locus phylogenetic hypothesis of the family Roccellaceae is presented based on data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(nucLSU)and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(RPB2).This analysis include...A two-locus phylogenetic hypothesis of the family Roccellaceae is presented based on data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(nucLSU)and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(RPB2).This analysis includes 341 sequences(166 newly generated)and 180 specimens representing about 114 species.The genera Lecanactis,Roccellina,Schismatomma and Sigridea were found to be paraphyletic/polyphyletic.In order to make these groups monophyletic,the new genera Crocellina,Diromma,Gyrographa,Gyronactis,Ocellomma,Pseudoschismatomma,Psoronactis and Vigneronia are described.The genus Sagenidium is placed in synonymy with Lecanactis.The new species Enterographa incognita,Gyronactis asiatica and Lecanactis submollis are described.Several species of Opegrapha are transferred to the Roccellaceae.Sorediate morphs are recorded for the first time in the genus Syncesia.展开更多
基金Finally,the first author acknowledges financial support from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique(FNRS)from Belgium(F.R.F.C.#2.4567.08).
文摘Lichenicolous fungi belonging to the anamorphtypified genus Phaeosporobolus and to the teleomorph-typified genus Lichenostigma were isolated in pure culture or sequenced directly,with nuLSU and mtSSU sequences obtained.Phylogenetic analyses place the species of Phaeosporobolusin a strongly supported clade with the generic type of Lichenostigma(L.maureri),the genus Phaeococcomyces and several melanized rock-inhabiting isolates.This strongly supported nonlichenized lineage is sister to the primarily lichenized Arthoniales in the Arthoniomycetes and is here described as the Lichenostigmatales.The new order is characterized by cells multiplying by budding,either representing black yeasts,or species in which conidiomata and ascomata are entirely made of an organised agglomeration of spherical yeast-like cells.This way of life is not only very different from all other Arthoniomycetes that exist only in the mycelial stage,but ascomata and conidiomata representing a dense and organised agglomeration of yeast cells might be unique amongst fungi.A further difference with the Arthoniales is the absence of paraphysoids.Phylogenetic results suggest that Phaeosporobolus usneae is the asexual stage of Lichenostigma maureri.Most species of Phaeosporobolus are transferred to the genus Lichenostigma except P.trypethelii,for which the new genus Etayoa is described.The genus Diederimyces is reduced into synonymy with Lichenostigma.Several other members of Lichenostigma are placed in the Dothideomycetes and are intermixed with Lichenothelia species.
文摘A two-locus phylogenetic hypothesis of the family Roccellaceae is presented based on data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(nucLSU)and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(RPB2).This analysis includes 341 sequences(166 newly generated)and 180 specimens representing about 114 species.The genera Lecanactis,Roccellina,Schismatomma and Sigridea were found to be paraphyletic/polyphyletic.In order to make these groups monophyletic,the new genera Crocellina,Diromma,Gyrographa,Gyronactis,Ocellomma,Pseudoschismatomma,Psoronactis and Vigneronia are described.The genus Sagenidium is placed in synonymy with Lecanactis.The new species Enterographa incognita,Gyronactis asiatica and Lecanactis submollis are described.Several species of Opegrapha are transferred to the Roccellaceae.Sorediate morphs are recorded for the first time in the genus Syncesia.
