A Luttinger liquid is a theoretical model describing interacting electrons in one-dimensional(1D)conductors.While individual 1D conductors have shown interesting Luttinger-liquid behaviors such as spin-charge separati...A Luttinger liquid is a theoretical model describing interacting electrons in one-dimensional(1D)conductors.While individual 1D conductors have shown interesting Luttinger-liquid behaviors such as spin-charge separation and power-law spectral density,the more interesting phenomena predicted in coupled Luttinger liquids of neighboring 1D conductors have been rarely observed due to the difficulty in creating such structures.Recently,we have successfully grown close-packed carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays with uniform chirality,providing an ideal material system for studying the coupled Luttinger liquids.Here,we report on the observation of tunable hyperbolic plasmons in the coupled Luttinger liquids of CNT arrays using scanning near-field optical microscopy.These hyperbolic plasmons,resulting from the conductivity anisotropy in the CNT array,exhibit strong spatial confinement,in situ tunability,and a wide spectral range.Despite their hyperbolic wavefronts,the plasmon propagation in the axial direction still adheres to the Luttinger-liquid theory.Our work not only demonstrates a fascinating phenomenon in coupled Luttinger liquids for fundamental physics exploration,but also provides a highly confined and in situ tunable hyperbolic plasmon in close-packed CNT arrays for future nanophotonic devices and circuits.展开更多
In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC...In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC activity of TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) composite sample was investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis,including Nyquist and Mott-Schottky(M-S)plots.It was demonstrated that vacuum annealing could crystallize Sb_(2)S_(3) component and change its color from red to black,leading to an increment of photocurrent density from 1.9 A/m^(2) to 4.25 A/m^(2) at 0 V versus saturated calomel electrode(VSCE).The enhanced PEC performance was mainly attributed to the improved visible light absorption.Moreover,annealing treatment facilitated retarding the electron-hole recombination occurred at the solid/liquid interfaces.Our work might provide a novel strategy for enhancing the PEC performance of a semiconductor electrode.展开更多
As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal...As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal conversion ability have received extensive attention.Meeting the aforesaid requirements simultaneously remains a huge challenge.In this research,the melamine foam(MF)/polypyrrole(PPy)nanowire arrays(MF@PPy)were fabricated via one-step electrochemical polymerization.The hierarchical MF@PPy foam was composed of three-dimensional PPy micro-skeleton and ordered PPy nanowire arrays.Due to the upwardly grown PPy nanowire arrays,the MF@PPy foam possessed good hydrophobicity ability with a water contact angle of 142.00°and outstanding stability under various harsh environments.Meanwhile,the MF@PPy foam showed excellent thermal insulation property on account of the low thermal conductivity and elongated ligament characteristic of PPy nanowire arrays.Furthermore,taking advantage of the high conductivity(128.2 S m^(-1)),the MF@PPy foam exhibited rapid Joule heating under 3 V,resulting in dynamic infrared stealth and thermal camouflage effects.More importantly,the MF@PPy foam exhibited remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness values of 55.77 dB and 19,928.57 dB cm^(2)g^(-1).Strong EMI shielding was put down to the hierarchically porous PPy structure,which offered outstanding impedance matching,conduction loss,and multiple attenuations.This innovative approach provides significant insights to the development of advanced multifunctional EMI shielding foams by constructing PPy nanowire arrays,showing great applications in both military and civilian fields.展开更多
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and d...The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and data latency.In contrast,data-centric computing that integrates processing and storage has the potential of reducing latency and energy usage.Organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors have emerged as one type of promising devices to implement the data-centric com-puting paradigm owing to their superiority of flexibility,low cost,and large-area fabrication.However,sophisticated functions including vector-matrix multiplication that a single device can achieve are limited.Thus,the fabrication and utilization of organic optoelectronic synaptic transistor arrays(OOSTAs)are imperative.Here,we summarize the recent advances in OOSTAs.Various strategies for manufacturing OOSTAs are introduced,including coating and casting,physical vapor deposition,printing,and photolithography.Furthermore,innovative applications of the OOSTA system integration are discussed,including neuromor-phic visual systems and neuromorphic computing systems.At last,challenges and future perspectives of utilizing OOSTAs in real-world applications are discussed.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is ex...Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is expected to increase to over 152.8 million in the next 25years.This ever-increasing burden has resulted in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases rising to one of the top 10 causes of death globally (O'Connell et al.,2024).展开更多
With the sustainable and efficient development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs),the research on addressing the issues of the adaptability and durability of zinc anodes has been hot-topic and is still of great chal...With the sustainable and efficient development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs),the research on addressing the issues of the adaptability and durability of zinc anodes has been hot-topic and is still of great challenge.In this work,inspired by the sand treatment and afforestation of the Gobi Beach in Northwest China to ameliorate the problem of wind and sand encroachment,we propose a material with a morphology similar to that of a“shelter forest”,CuSiO_(3)nanoneedles arrays grown on both sides of reduced graphene oxide(rGO@CuSi),as a coating layer on the zinc metal surface to guide Zn gradient deposition.The presence of rGO improves the electrical conductivity of CuSiO_(3),and the finite element simulation of the electric field and Zn^(2+)concentration proves that the electric field distribution can be effectively homogenized and the local current density can be reduced for the rGO@CuSi-Zn electrode with the surface presenting the shape of a protective forest.This is due to the abundant pores between the nano-needle array structures on the surface of the electrode,which provide high electron and ion transport paths,and are conducive to achieving uniform Zn deposition,like the principle of wind-sand stabilization by protective forest.Both electrochemical experiments and density functional theory calculations show that the negatively charged surface of r GO@CuSi with good Zn affinity is more capable of guiding Zn^(2+)transport.Thanks to its inherent material and structural characteristics,the r GO@CuSi-Zn anode has a high specific capacity and good cycling stability.This study provides insight for interface engineering like protective forest to accelerate the commercialization of high-performance Zn-based batteries.展开更多
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production holds great promise for applications in energy production. A novel strategy characterized by simplicity, stability, and high efficiency is developed to significantly boos...Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production holds great promise for applications in energy production. A novel strategy characterized by simplicity, stability, and high efficiency is developed to significantly boost the PEC performance of TiO_(2) (anatase) nanotube arrays (TNTAs). This strategy entails a series of treatments, including a conventional anodic oxidation (etching) process, a primary annealing treatment, and a secondary annealing treatment via impregnation. As a result, nickel phosphide (Ni_(2)P) is composited onto well-ordered titanium dioxide (anatase) nanotube array photoanodes (Ni_(2)P/TNTAs), which exhibit hugely improved PEC H_(2) generation performance. A thorough and systematic investigation is conducted to comprehensively analyze the morphology, semiconductor band-gap structure, and PEC H_(2) production performance of the Ni_(2)P/TNTAs composites. The experimental results demonstrate that under identical experimental circumstances, the measured photocurrent density of the Ni_(2)P/TNTAs photoanode exhibits a 6.63-fold increase relative to that of TNTAs. The H_(2) production rate of Ni_(2)P/TNTAs reaches 182.96 μmol/cm^(2), 6.10 times higher than that of pure TNTAs. The excellent interfacial charge transfer pathway at the Ni_(2)P/TiO_(2) interface promotes photogenerated carrier separation and electron transfer from TiO_(2) to Ni_(2)P. This method offers a valuable reference for designing highly efficient PEC H_(2)-production catalysts.展开更多
Microseismic (MS) source location plays an important role in MS monitoring. This paper proposes a MS source location method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and multi-sensor arrays, where a free weight joint...Microseismic (MS) source location plays an important role in MS monitoring. This paper proposes a MS source location method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and multi-sensor arrays, where a free weight joints the P-wave first arrival data. This method adaptively adjusts the preference for “superior” arrays and leverages “inferior” arrays to escape local optima, thereby improving the location accuracy. The effectiveness and stability of this method were validated through synthetic tests, pencil-lead break (PLB) experiments, and mining engineering applications. Specifically, for synthetic tests with 1 μs Gaussian noise and 100 μs large noise in rock samples, the location error of the multi-sensor arrays jointed location method is only 0.30 cm, which improves location accuracy by 97.51% compared to that using a single sensor array. The average location error of PLB events on three surfaces of a rock sample is reduced by 48.95%, 26.40%, and 55.84%, respectively. For mine blast event tests, the average location error of the dual sensor arrays jointed method is 62.74 m, 54.32% and 14.29% lower than that using only sensor arrays 1 and 2, respectively. In summary, the proposed multi-sensor arrays jointed location method demonstrates good noise resistance, stability, and accuracy, providing a compelling new solution for MS location in relevant mining scenarios.展开更多
Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped ti...Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrates through a hydrothermal approach,with subsequent thermal annealing.These arrays were then used as photoanodes to con-struct a ultraviolet(UV)photodetector.In doping reduced the bandgap ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3),enhancing its absorption of UV light.Conse-quently,the In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibited excellent light detection performance.When irradiated by 255 nm deep ultraviolet light,they obtained a responsivity of 38.85 mA/W.Moreover,the detector's response and recovery times are 13 and 8 ms,respectively.The In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibit a responsivity that is about three-fold higher than the undoped one.Due to its superior responsivity,the In-doped device was used to develop a photoelectric imaging system.This study demonstrates that dopingα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire with indium is a potent approach for optimizing their photoelectrochemi-cal performance,which also has significant potential for optoelectronic applications.展开更多
Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for super...Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for supercapacitors.After conducting a series of time-variable controlled experiments,the structure,morphology,and electrochemical properties of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs were analyzed to find the most suitable growth time.Benefited from such unique array architectures,the designed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs electrode demonstrates significant electrochemical properties,showing a specific capacitance of 2418 F·g^(-1)at a charge-discharge current density of 1 A·g^(-1).Moreover,it demonstrates exceptional stability,maintaining a capacity retention of 81.5%after undergoing 2,000 cycles,even when subjected to a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).The reason of high stability is that the spacing between the nanowire arrays is large and the diffusion resistance of the electrolyte is significantly reduced,which facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte into the interior of the electrodes and establishes an effective contact with the surface of the nanowires.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire array grows directly on the Ni foam without binder,which establishes rapid electron transport pathways on the Ni foam substrate,resulting in excellent electrochemical properties.展开更多
Ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR)is important to address the environmental issues caused by the increased production of polyethylene terephthalate(PET).Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)with superior stability,high...Ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR)is important to address the environmental issues caused by the increased production of polyethylene terephthalate(PET).Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)with superior stability,high specific surface area and excellent catalytic performance can convert PET into valuable products through EGOR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a microbial template strategy was adopted to prepare carbon sphere-supported orthogonal nanosheet bimetallic MOF catalysts.The prepared catalyst needs only 1.42 V,307 mV,and 1.83 V at a current density of 100 mA cm^(-2) for EGOR,HER,and EGOR//HER,respectively.More importantly,it can stably perform for at least 160 h at a current density of 500 mA cm^(-2).The high specific surface area of bimetallic MOF and the synergistic effect of yeast carbon shell increase the contact area between the intrinsic active sites and*OH and EG,thus improving the EGOR and HER catalytic activity and stability.This work provides a novel strategy to construct bimetallic orthogonal electrocatalysts with efficient HER//EGOR performance,which is of great significance for achieving sustainable energy conversion and environmental purification.展开更多
Chemical sensor arrays can obtain more comprehensive analyte information through high-dimensional data.It is of great significance in the analysis of multi-component complex samples.This review summarizes the developm...Chemical sensor arrays can obtain more comprehensive analyte information through high-dimensional data.It is of great significance in the analysis of multi-component complex samples.This review summarizes the development and status of chemical sensor arrays.We focused on the design of chemical sensor arrays based on various sensing materials.In addition,several pattern recognition methods in chemometrics are introduced.And applications of chemical sensor arrays in food monitoring,medical diagnosis,and environmental monitoring are illustrated.Based on the analysis of the limitations of current sensor array technology,the direction of the array is also predicted.This review aims to help the broad readership understand the research state of chemical sensor arrays and their development prospects.展开更多
Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept ...Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept to construct Mo-doped Co_(9)S_(8) nanorod arrays aligned on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(abbreviated as Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC hereafter)as a high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst toward water electrolysis.It has experimentally and theoretically validated that the 4d-3d orbital coupling between Mo dopant and Co site can effectively optimize the H_(2)O activation energy and lower H^(*)adsorption energy barrier,thereby leading to enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activities.Thanks to the unique electronic and geometrical advantages,the optimized Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC with appropriate Mo content exhibits outstanding bifunctional performance in alkaline solution,with the overpotentials of 75 and 234 mV for the delivery of a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),small Tafel slopes of 53.8 and 39.9 mV dec~(-1)and long-term stabilities for at least 32 and 30 h for HER and OER,respectively.More impressively,a water splitting electrolylzer assembled by the self-supported Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC electrode requires a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm^(-2)and shows excellent stability and splendid reversibility,demonstrating a huge potential for affordable and scalable electrochemical H_(2) production.The innovational orbital hybridization strategy for electronic regulation herein provides an inspirable avenue for developing progressive electrocatalysts toward new energy systems.展开更多
The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel micr...The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can rapidly and precisely locate the STN,which is important for precise stimulation.In this paper,16-channel MEAs modified with multiwalled carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(MWCNT/PEDOT:PSS)nanocomposites were designed and fabricated,and the accurate and rapid identification of the STN in PD rats was performed using detection sites distributed at different brain depths.These results showed that nuclei in 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide(6-OHDA)-lesioned brains discharged more intensely than those in unlesioned brains.In addition,the MEA simultaneously acquired neural signals from both the STN and the upper or lower boundary nuclei of the STN.Moreover,higher values of spike firing rate,spike amplitude,local field potential(LFP)power,and beta oscillations were detected in the STN of the 6-OHDA-lesioned brain,and may therefore be biomarkers of STN localization.Compared with the STNs of unlesioned brains,the power spectral density of spikes and LFPs synchronously decreased in the delta band and increased in the beta band of 6-OHDA-lesioned brains.This may be a cause of sleep and motor disorders associated with PD.Overall,this work describes a new cellular-level localization and detection method and provides a tool for future studies of deep brain nuclei.展开更多
Silicon(Si)diffraction microlens arrays are usually used to integrating with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPAs)to improve their performance.The errors of lithography are unavoidable in the process of the Si diffrac-t...Silicon(Si)diffraction microlens arrays are usually used to integrating with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPAs)to improve their performance.The errors of lithography are unavoidable in the process of the Si diffrac-tion microlens arrays preparation in the conventional engraving method.It has a serious impact on its performance and subsequent applications.In response to the problem of errors of Si diffraction microlens arrays in the conven-tional method,a novel self-alignment method for high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays preparation is pro-posed.The accuracy of the Si diffractive microlens arrays preparation is determined by the accuracy of the first li-thography mask in the novel self-alignment method.In the subsequent etching,the etched area will be protected by the mask layer and the sacrifice layer or the protective layer.The unprotection area is carved to effectively block the non-etching areas,accurately etch the etching area required,and solve the problem of errors.The high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays are obtained by the novel self-alignment method and the diffraction effi-ciency could reach 92.6%.After integrating with IRFPAs,the average blackbody responsity increased by 8.3%,and the average blackbody detectivity increased by 10.3%.It indicates that the Si diffraction microlens arrays can improve the filling factor and reduce crosstalk of IRFPAs through convergence,thereby improving the perfor-mance of the IRFPAs.The results are of great reference significance for improving their performance through opti-mizing the preparation level of micro nano devices.展开更多
A memristor crossbar array (MCA) has emerged as a cutting-edge platform for advanced memory and neuromorphic computing hardware,offering unrivaled bit-level storage density.A diffusive memristor cell (DMC) is particul...A memristor crossbar array (MCA) has emerged as a cutting-edge platform for advanced memory and neuromorphic computing hardware,offering unrivaled bit-level storage density.A diffusive memristor cell (DMC) is particularly well-suited for MCA integration due to its inherent threshold switching characteristics as a selector,effectively addressing current sneak path issues.Although DMC's potential is acknowledged,it necessitates furtherexploration of their practical applicability.展开更多
Spinel MnCo_(2)O_(4) is a promising energy storage candidate as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries owing to synergistic effects of two intrinsic solid-state redox couples.However,low conductivity,poor rate capac...Spinel MnCo_(2)O_(4) is a promising energy storage candidate as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries owing to synergistic effects of two intrinsic solid-state redox couples.However,low conductivity,poor rate capacity and rapid capacity fading have seriously impaired its practical applications.To overcome the inferiorities,urchin-like MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C core–shell nanowire arrays have been fabricated directly within a porous copper current collector via a facile hydrothermal method followed by a chemical vapor deposition carbonization process.In a typical nanowire,the core is composed of interconnected MnCo_(2)O_(4)nanoparticles and the shell shows as a thin amorphous carbon layer.The integrated MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu structure could act as working anodes without using additives or polymer binders.While MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu possesses slightly longer Li-ion insertion/desertion pathway than that of MnCo_(2)O_(4)/Cu,the carbon shell could effectively prevent the pulverization of MnCo_(2)O_(4) and lower down charge transfer resistance and actively participate in Li-ion cycles.The rearrangement of carbon atoms during lithiation/delithiation cycling could inhibit the formation of passive solid electrolyte interphase films.As a result,the MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu electrode presents superior rate capacity(600 mAh·g^(−1) at 1 A·g^(−1)) and better stability(797 mAh·g^(−1) after 200 cycles at 100 mA·g^(−1)).The excellent reversible Li ion storage capacity,cycling stability and rate capacity endow MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu great potential as stable and high output integrated anode materials in Li-ion batteries.展开更多
ZnO nanorod arrays （NRs） were synthesized on the fluorine-doped SnO2 transparent conductive glass （FTO） by a simple chemical bath deposition （CBD） method combined with alkali-etched method in potassium hydroxide...ZnO nanorod arrays （NRs） were synthesized on the fluorine-doped SnO2 transparent conductive glass （FTO） by a simple chemical bath deposition （CBD） method combined with alkali-etched method in potassium hydroxide （KOH） solution. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and current-voltage （I-V） curve were used to characterize the structure, morphologies and optoelectronic properties. The results demonstrated that ZnO NRs had wurtzite structures, the morphologies and photovoltaic properties of ZnO NRs were closely related to the concentration of KOH and etching time, well-aligned and uniformly distributed ZnO NRs were obtained after etching with 0.1 mol/L KOH for 1 h. ZnO NRs treated by KOH had been proved to have superior photovoltaic properties compared with high density ZnO NRs. When using ZnO NRs etched with 0.1 mol/L KOH for 1 h as the anode of solar cell, the conversion efficiency, short circuit current and open circuit voltage, compared with the unetched ZnO NRs, increased by 0.71%, 2.79 mA and 0.03 V, respectively.展开更多
Here presented are the definitions of （c）-Riordan arrays and （c）-Bell polynomials which are extensions of the classical Riordan arrays and Bell polynomials. The characterization of （c）-Riordan arrays by means of...Here presented are the definitions of （c）-Riordan arrays and （c）-Bell polynomials which are extensions of the classical Riordan arrays and Bell polynomials. The characterization of （c）-Riordan arrays by means of the A- and Z-sequences is given, which corresponds to a horizontal construction of a （c）-Riordan array rather than its definition approach through column generating functions. There exists a one-to-one correspondence between GegenbauerHumbert-type polynomial sequences and the set of （c）-Riordan arrays, which generates the sequence characterization of Gegenbauer-Humbert-type polynomial sequences. The sequence characterization is applied to construct readily a （c）-Riordan array. In addition, subgrouping of （c）-Riordan arrays by using the characterizations is discussed. The （c）-Bell polynomials and its identities by means of convolution families are also studied. Finally, the characterization of （c）-Pdordan arrays in terms of the convolution families and （c）-Bell polynomials is presented.展开更多
The influence of DBR in resonant cavity on the characteristics of the reflectivity of InGaAs/GaAs MQW SEED arrays has been discussed. InGaAs/GaAs acting as the active region of MQW SEED to gain 980nm work wavele...The influence of DBR in resonant cavity on the characteristics of the reflectivity of InGaAs/GaAs MQW SEED arrays has been discussed. InGaAs/GaAs acting as the active region of MQW SEED to gain 980nm work wavelergth has been introduced. A new resonant cavity structure of the InGaAs/GaAs MQW SEED arrays has been designed and analyzed. The MQW materials grown by MOCVD system have also been measured and analyzed with micro optical spot reflection spectra, PL measurement and X ray measurement. The results of measurement prove the good quality of the wafer and the accuracy of our design and analysis of the structure of the device.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1202902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374292 and 12074244)B.L.acknowledges support from the Development Scholarship for Outstanding Ph.D.of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.J.K.acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(Grant No.NRF-RS-2024-00454528).
文摘A Luttinger liquid is a theoretical model describing interacting electrons in one-dimensional(1D)conductors.While individual 1D conductors have shown interesting Luttinger-liquid behaviors such as spin-charge separation and power-law spectral density,the more interesting phenomena predicted in coupled Luttinger liquids of neighboring 1D conductors have been rarely observed due to the difficulty in creating such structures.Recently,we have successfully grown close-packed carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays with uniform chirality,providing an ideal material system for studying the coupled Luttinger liquids.Here,we report on the observation of tunable hyperbolic plasmons in the coupled Luttinger liquids of CNT arrays using scanning near-field optical microscopy.These hyperbolic plasmons,resulting from the conductivity anisotropy in the CNT array,exhibit strong spatial confinement,in situ tunability,and a wide spectral range.Despite their hyperbolic wavefronts,the plasmon propagation in the axial direction still adheres to the Luttinger-liquid theory.Our work not only demonstrates a fascinating phenomenon in coupled Luttinger liquids for fundamental physics exploration,but also provides a highly confined and in situ tunable hyperbolic plasmon in close-packed CNT arrays for future nanophotonic devices and circuits.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019ZDPY04).
文摘In this work,the TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorod arrays(NRAs)were synthesized through a two-stage hydrothermal route for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.The effect of annealing treatment in Ar ambience on the PEC activity of TiO_(2)/Sb_(2)S_(3) composite sample was investigated by electrochemical impedance analysis,including Nyquist and Mott-Schottky(M-S)plots.It was demonstrated that vacuum annealing could crystallize Sb_(2)S_(3) component and change its color from red to black,leading to an increment of photocurrent density from 1.9 A/m^(2) to 4.25 A/m^(2) at 0 V versus saturated calomel electrode(VSCE).The enhanced PEC performance was mainly attributed to the improved visible light absorption.Moreover,annealing treatment facilitated retarding the electron-hole recombination occurred at the solid/liquid interfaces.Our work might provide a novel strategy for enhancing the PEC performance of a semiconductor electrode.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023ZHCG0050)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2682024QZ006 and 2682024ZTPY042)the Analytic and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University.
文摘As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal conversion ability have received extensive attention.Meeting the aforesaid requirements simultaneously remains a huge challenge.In this research,the melamine foam(MF)/polypyrrole(PPy)nanowire arrays(MF@PPy)were fabricated via one-step electrochemical polymerization.The hierarchical MF@PPy foam was composed of three-dimensional PPy micro-skeleton and ordered PPy nanowire arrays.Due to the upwardly grown PPy nanowire arrays,the MF@PPy foam possessed good hydrophobicity ability with a water contact angle of 142.00°and outstanding stability under various harsh environments.Meanwhile,the MF@PPy foam showed excellent thermal insulation property on account of the low thermal conductivity and elongated ligament characteristic of PPy nanowire arrays.Furthermore,taking advantage of the high conductivity(128.2 S m^(-1)),the MF@PPy foam exhibited rapid Joule heating under 3 V,resulting in dynamic infrared stealth and thermal camouflage effects.More importantly,the MF@PPy foam exhibited remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness values of 55.77 dB and 19,928.57 dB cm^(2)g^(-1).Strong EMI shielding was put down to the hierarchically porous PPy structure,which offered outstanding impedance matching,conduction loss,and multiple attenuations.This innovative approach provides significant insights to the development of advanced multifunctional EMI shielding foams by constructing PPy nanowire arrays,showing great applications in both military and civilian fields.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1101303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62374115)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2021-01-07-00-07-E00096).
文摘The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and data latency.In contrast,data-centric computing that integrates processing and storage has the potential of reducing latency and energy usage.Organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors have emerged as one type of promising devices to implement the data-centric com-puting paradigm owing to their superiority of flexibility,low cost,and large-area fabrication.However,sophisticated functions including vector-matrix multiplication that a single device can achieve are limited.Thus,the fabrication and utilization of organic optoelectronic synaptic transistor arrays(OOSTAs)are imperative.Here,we summarize the recent advances in OOSTAs.Various strategies for manufacturing OOSTAs are introduced,including coating and casting,physical vapor deposition,printing,and photolithography.Furthermore,innovative applications of the OOSTA system integration are discussed,including neuromor-phic visual systems and neuromorphic computing systems.At last,challenges and future perspectives of utilizing OOSTAs in real-world applications are discussed.
文摘Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most prominent cause of dementia.In 2019,over 57.4million people were living with AD and other dementia subtypes,a number which is expected to increase to over 152.8 million in the next 25years.This ever-increasing burden has resulted in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases rising to one of the top 10 causes of death globally (O'Connell et al.,2024).
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2023-MS-115)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173206)CNPC Innovation Found(2020D-5007-0406)。
文摘With the sustainable and efficient development of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs),the research on addressing the issues of the adaptability and durability of zinc anodes has been hot-topic and is still of great challenge.In this work,inspired by the sand treatment and afforestation of the Gobi Beach in Northwest China to ameliorate the problem of wind and sand encroachment,we propose a material with a morphology similar to that of a“shelter forest”,CuSiO_(3)nanoneedles arrays grown on both sides of reduced graphene oxide(rGO@CuSi),as a coating layer on the zinc metal surface to guide Zn gradient deposition.The presence of rGO improves the electrical conductivity of CuSiO_(3),and the finite element simulation of the electric field and Zn^(2+)concentration proves that the electric field distribution can be effectively homogenized and the local current density can be reduced for the rGO@CuSi-Zn electrode with the surface presenting the shape of a protective forest.This is due to the abundant pores between the nano-needle array structures on the surface of the electrode,which provide high electron and ion transport paths,and are conducive to achieving uniform Zn deposition,like the principle of wind-sand stabilization by protective forest.Both electrochemical experiments and density functional theory calculations show that the negatively charged surface of r GO@CuSi with good Zn affinity is more capable of guiding Zn^(2+)transport.Thanks to its inherent material and structural characteristics,the r GO@CuSi-Zn anode has a high specific capacity and good cycling stability.This study provides insight for interface engineering like protective forest to accelerate the commercialization of high-performance Zn-based batteries.
基金financial support of the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023H0046)the XMIREM autonomously deployment project(2023CX10,2023GG01)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative from Chinese Academy of Science(STS2024T3071)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22275185,22272069,22472074)the Major Research Project of Xiamen(3502Z20191015)the Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information。
文摘Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production holds great promise for applications in energy production. A novel strategy characterized by simplicity, stability, and high efficiency is developed to significantly boost the PEC performance of TiO_(2) (anatase) nanotube arrays (TNTAs). This strategy entails a series of treatments, including a conventional anodic oxidation (etching) process, a primary annealing treatment, and a secondary annealing treatment via impregnation. As a result, nickel phosphide (Ni_(2)P) is composited onto well-ordered titanium dioxide (anatase) nanotube array photoanodes (Ni_(2)P/TNTAs), which exhibit hugely improved PEC H_(2) generation performance. A thorough and systematic investigation is conducted to comprehensively analyze the morphology, semiconductor band-gap structure, and PEC H_(2) production performance of the Ni_(2)P/TNTAs composites. The experimental results demonstrate that under identical experimental circumstances, the measured photocurrent density of the Ni_(2)P/TNTAs photoanode exhibits a 6.63-fold increase relative to that of TNTAs. The H_(2) production rate of Ni_(2)P/TNTAs reaches 182.96 μmol/cm^(2), 6.10 times higher than that of pure TNTAs. The excellent interfacial charge transfer pathway at the Ni_(2)P/TiO_(2) interface promotes photogenerated carrier separation and electron transfer from TiO_(2) to Ni_(2)P. This method offers a valuable reference for designing highly efficient PEC H_(2)-production catalysts.
基金Project(SICGM2023301) supported by the State Key Laboratory of Strata Intelligent Control and Green Mining Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology,ChinaProject(SMDPC202202) supported by the Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control,ChinaProject(U21A2030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Microseismic (MS) source location plays an important role in MS monitoring. This paper proposes a MS source location method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and multi-sensor arrays, where a free weight joints the P-wave first arrival data. This method adaptively adjusts the preference for “superior” arrays and leverages “inferior” arrays to escape local optima, thereby improving the location accuracy. The effectiveness and stability of this method were validated through synthetic tests, pencil-lead break (PLB) experiments, and mining engineering applications. Specifically, for synthetic tests with 1 μs Gaussian noise and 100 μs large noise in rock samples, the location error of the multi-sensor arrays jointed location method is only 0.30 cm, which improves location accuracy by 97.51% compared to that using a single sensor array. The average location error of PLB events on three surfaces of a rock sample is reduced by 48.95%, 26.40%, and 55.84%, respectively. For mine blast event tests, the average location error of the dual sensor arrays jointed method is 62.74 m, 54.32% and 14.29% lower than that using only sensor arrays 1 and 2, respectively. In summary, the proposed multi-sensor arrays jointed location method demonstrates good noise resistance, stability, and accuracy, providing a compelling new solution for MS location in relevant mining scenarios.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3610500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62104110,62374094)+1 种基金the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023T160332)Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY224084,NY224131).
文摘Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrates through a hydrothermal approach,with subsequent thermal annealing.These arrays were then used as photoanodes to con-struct a ultraviolet(UV)photodetector.In doping reduced the bandgap ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3),enhancing its absorption of UV light.Conse-quently,the In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibited excellent light detection performance.When irradiated by 255 nm deep ultraviolet light,they obtained a responsivity of 38.85 mA/W.Moreover,the detector's response and recovery times are 13 and 8 ms,respectively.The In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibit a responsivity that is about three-fold higher than the undoped one.Due to its superior responsivity,the In-doped device was used to develop a photoelectric imaging system.This study demonstrates that dopingα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire with indium is a potent approach for optimizing their photoelectrochemi-cal performance,which also has significant potential for optoelectronic applications.
文摘Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for supercapacitors.After conducting a series of time-variable controlled experiments,the structure,morphology,and electrochemical properties of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs were analyzed to find the most suitable growth time.Benefited from such unique array architectures,the designed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs electrode demonstrates significant electrochemical properties,showing a specific capacitance of 2418 F·g^(-1)at a charge-discharge current density of 1 A·g^(-1).Moreover,it demonstrates exceptional stability,maintaining a capacity retention of 81.5%after undergoing 2,000 cycles,even when subjected to a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).The reason of high stability is that the spacing between the nanowire arrays is large and the diffusion resistance of the electrolyte is significantly reduced,which facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte into the interior of the electrodes and establishes an effective contact with the surface of the nanowires.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire array grows directly on the Ni foam without binder,which establishes rapid electron transport pathways on the Ni foam substrate,resulting in excellent electrochemical properties.
基金the financial support of the Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials(202440704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22102125)The financial support of the Open Research Fund(2024JYBKF06)of Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage,Ministry of Education is also acknowledged.
文摘Ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR)is important to address the environmental issues caused by the increased production of polyethylene terephthalate(PET).Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)with superior stability,high specific surface area and excellent catalytic performance can convert PET into valuable products through EGOR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a microbial template strategy was adopted to prepare carbon sphere-supported orthogonal nanosheet bimetallic MOF catalysts.The prepared catalyst needs only 1.42 V,307 mV,and 1.83 V at a current density of 100 mA cm^(-2) for EGOR,HER,and EGOR//HER,respectively.More importantly,it can stably perform for at least 160 h at a current density of 500 mA cm^(-2).The high specific surface area of bimetallic MOF and the synergistic effect of yeast carbon shell increase the contact area between the intrinsic active sites and*OH and EG,thus improving the EGOR and HER catalytic activity and stability.This work provides a novel strategy to construct bimetallic orthogonal electrocatalysts with efficient HER//EGOR performance,which is of great significance for achieving sustainable energy conversion and environmental purification.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2022B004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572022DJ01)+1 种基金111 Project(No.B20088)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team)。
文摘Chemical sensor arrays can obtain more comprehensive analyte information through high-dimensional data.It is of great significance in the analysis of multi-component complex samples.This review summarizes the development and status of chemical sensor arrays.We focused on the design of chemical sensor arrays based on various sensing materials.In addition,several pattern recognition methods in chemometrics are introduced.And applications of chemical sensor arrays in food monitoring,medical diagnosis,and environmental monitoring are illustrated.Based on the analysis of the limitations of current sensor array technology,the direction of the array is also predicted.This review aims to help the broad readership understand the research state of chemical sensor arrays and their development prospects.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972068,22072067,22232004)the High-level Talents Project of Jinling Institute of Technology(jit-b-202164)。
文摘Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept to construct Mo-doped Co_(9)S_(8) nanorod arrays aligned on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(abbreviated as Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC hereafter)as a high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst toward water electrolysis.It has experimentally and theoretically validated that the 4d-3d orbital coupling between Mo dopant and Co site can effectively optimize the H_(2)O activation energy and lower H^(*)adsorption energy barrier,thereby leading to enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activities.Thanks to the unique electronic and geometrical advantages,the optimized Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC with appropriate Mo content exhibits outstanding bifunctional performance in alkaline solution,with the overpotentials of 75 and 234 mV for the delivery of a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),small Tafel slopes of 53.8 and 39.9 mV dec~(-1)and long-term stabilities for at least 32 and 30 h for HER and OER,respectively.More impressively,a water splitting electrolylzer assembled by the self-supported Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC electrode requires a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm^(-2)and shows excellent stability and splendid reversibility,demonstrating a huge potential for affordable and scalable electrochemical H_(2) production.The innovational orbital hybridization strategy for electronic regulation herein provides an inspirable avenue for developing progressive electrocatalysts toward new energy systems.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.L2224042,T2293731,62121003,61960206012,61973292,62171434,61975206,and 61971400)the Frontier Interdisciplinary Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XK2022XXC003)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFC2402501 and 2022YFB3205602)the Major Program of Scientific and Technical Innovation 2030(No.2021ZD02016030)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of he Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.GJJSTD20210004).
文摘The subthalamic nucleus(STN)is considered the best target for deep brain stimulation treatments of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It is difficult to localize the STN due to its small size and deep location.Multichannel microelectrode arrays(MEAs)can rapidly and precisely locate the STN,which is important for precise stimulation.In this paper,16-channel MEAs modified with multiwalled carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(MWCNT/PEDOT:PSS)nanocomposites were designed and fabricated,and the accurate and rapid identification of the STN in PD rats was performed using detection sites distributed at different brain depths.These results showed that nuclei in 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide(6-OHDA)-lesioned brains discharged more intensely than those in unlesioned brains.In addition,the MEA simultaneously acquired neural signals from both the STN and the upper or lower boundary nuclei of the STN.Moreover,higher values of spike firing rate,spike amplitude,local field potential(LFP)power,and beta oscillations were detected in the STN of the 6-OHDA-lesioned brain,and may therefore be biomarkers of STN localization.Compared with the STNs of unlesioned brains,the power spectral density of spikes and LFPs synchronously decreased in the delta band and increased in the beta band of 6-OHDA-lesioned brains.This may be a cause of sleep and motor disorders associated with PD.Overall,this work describes a new cellular-level localization and detection method and provides a tool for future studies of deep brain nuclei.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 62105100)the National Key research and development program in the 14th five year plan(2021YFA1200700)。
文摘Silicon(Si)diffraction microlens arrays are usually used to integrating with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPAs)to improve their performance.The errors of lithography are unavoidable in the process of the Si diffrac-tion microlens arrays preparation in the conventional engraving method.It has a serious impact on its performance and subsequent applications.In response to the problem of errors of Si diffraction microlens arrays in the conven-tional method,a novel self-alignment method for high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays preparation is pro-posed.The accuracy of the Si diffractive microlens arrays preparation is determined by the accuracy of the first li-thography mask in the novel self-alignment method.In the subsequent etching,the etched area will be protected by the mask layer and the sacrifice layer or the protective layer.The unprotection area is carved to effectively block the non-etching areas,accurately etch the etching area required,and solve the problem of errors.The high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays are obtained by the novel self-alignment method and the diffraction effi-ciency could reach 92.6%.After integrating with IRFPAs,the average blackbody responsity increased by 8.3%,and the average blackbody detectivity increased by 10.3%.It indicates that the Si diffraction microlens arrays can improve the filling factor and reduce crosstalk of IRFPAs through convergence,thereby improving the perfor-mance of the IRFPAs.The results are of great reference significance for improving their performance through opti-mizing the preparation level of micro nano devices.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62074079)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.30923010603)。
文摘A memristor crossbar array (MCA) has emerged as a cutting-edge platform for advanced memory and neuromorphic computing hardware,offering unrivaled bit-level storage density.A diffusive memristor cell (DMC) is particularly well-suited for MCA integration due to its inherent threshold switching characteristics as a selector,effectively addressing current sneak path issues.Although DMC's potential is acknowledged,it necessitates furtherexploration of their practical applicability.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072106)the Science and Technology Major Project of Anhui Province(No.202003a05020007)+2 种基金111 Project“New Materials and Technology for Clean Energy”(No.B18018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Nos.JZ2019HGBZ0134 and PA2019GDZC0096)the Enterprise Entrusted Project(No.W2021JSKF0868).
文摘Spinel MnCo_(2)O_(4) is a promising energy storage candidate as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries owing to synergistic effects of two intrinsic solid-state redox couples.However,low conductivity,poor rate capacity and rapid capacity fading have seriously impaired its practical applications.To overcome the inferiorities,urchin-like MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C core–shell nanowire arrays have been fabricated directly within a porous copper current collector via a facile hydrothermal method followed by a chemical vapor deposition carbonization process.In a typical nanowire,the core is composed of interconnected MnCo_(2)O_(4)nanoparticles and the shell shows as a thin amorphous carbon layer.The integrated MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu structure could act as working anodes without using additives or polymer binders.While MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu possesses slightly longer Li-ion insertion/desertion pathway than that of MnCo_(2)O_(4)/Cu,the carbon shell could effectively prevent the pulverization of MnCo_(2)O_(4) and lower down charge transfer resistance and actively participate in Li-ion cycles.The rearrangement of carbon atoms during lithiation/delithiation cycling could inhibit the formation of passive solid electrolyte interphase films.As a result,the MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu electrode presents superior rate capacity(600 mAh·g^(−1) at 1 A·g^(−1)) and better stability(797 mAh·g^(−1) after 200 cycles at 100 mA·g^(−1)).The excellent reversible Li ion storage capacity,cycling stability and rate capacity endow MnCo_(2)O_(4)@C/Cu great potential as stable and high output integrated anode materials in Li-ion batteries.
基金Project (21171027) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (K1001020-11) supported by the Science and Technology Key Project of Changsha City, ChinaProject ([2010]70) supported by Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province, China
文摘ZnO nanorod arrays （NRs） were synthesized on the fluorine-doped SnO2 transparent conductive glass （FTO） by a simple chemical bath deposition （CBD） method combined with alkali-etched method in potassium hydroxide （KOH） solution. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and current-voltage （I-V） curve were used to characterize the structure, morphologies and optoelectronic properties. The results demonstrated that ZnO NRs had wurtzite structures, the morphologies and photovoltaic properties of ZnO NRs were closely related to the concentration of KOH and etching time, well-aligned and uniformly distributed ZnO NRs were obtained after etching with 0.1 mol/L KOH for 1 h. ZnO NRs treated by KOH had been proved to have superior photovoltaic properties compared with high density ZnO NRs. When using ZnO NRs etched with 0.1 mol/L KOH for 1 h as the anode of solar cell, the conversion efficiency, short circuit current and open circuit voltage, compared with the unetched ZnO NRs, increased by 0.71%, 2.79 mA and 0.03 V, respectively.
文摘Here presented are the definitions of （c）-Riordan arrays and （c）-Bell polynomials which are extensions of the classical Riordan arrays and Bell polynomials. The characterization of （c）-Riordan arrays by means of the A- and Z-sequences is given, which corresponds to a horizontal construction of a （c）-Riordan array rather than its definition approach through column generating functions. There exists a one-to-one correspondence between GegenbauerHumbert-type polynomial sequences and the set of （c）-Riordan arrays, which generates the sequence characterization of Gegenbauer-Humbert-type polynomial sequences. The sequence characterization is applied to construct readily a （c）-Riordan array. In addition, subgrouping of （c）-Riordan arrays by using the characterizations is discussed. The （c）-Bell polynomials and its identities by means of convolution families are also studied. Finally, the characterization of （c）-Pdordan arrays in terms of the convolution families and （c）-Bell polynomials is presented.
文摘The influence of DBR in resonant cavity on the characteristics of the reflectivity of InGaAs/GaAs MQW SEED arrays has been discussed. InGaAs/GaAs acting as the active region of MQW SEED to gain 980nm work wavelergth has been introduced. A new resonant cavity structure of the InGaAs/GaAs MQW SEED arrays has been designed and analyzed. The MQW materials grown by MOCVD system have also been measured and analyzed with micro optical spot reflection spectra, PL measurement and X ray measurement. The results of measurement prove the good quality of the wafer and the accuracy of our design and analysis of the structure of the device.
