Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is an early and significant cardiac structural characteristic that contributes to the onset and progression of heart failure(HF).Its mainly structural feature is the abnormally enlarge...Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is an early and significant cardiac structural characteristic that contributes to the onset and progression of heart failure(HF).Its mainly structural feature is the abnormally enlarged cardiomyocyte.Effective intervention targets for abnormally enlarged cardiomyocyte remain to be identified.Previous studies have shown that the cellular shape and size can be regulated by the actin related protein 2/3(Arp2/3)complex,which is an actin-binding protein complex involved in the actin nucleation and assembly.However,the roles of the Arp2/3 complex in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remain unknown.Here our study identifies its novel roles in the occurrence and development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.We found that mRNA levels of all subunits from the Arp2/3 complex are significantly upregulated(P<0.05)in the angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced neonatal rat primary and H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Further studies showed that siRNA-directed ARPC 2 silencing inhibits the reactivation of fetal genes and enlargement of cardiomyocyte area induced by Ang Ⅱ in neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes(NRCMs)and H9c2 cells(P<0.05).In addition,the upstream activators of the Arp2/3 complex including SH3 protein interacting with Nck,90 kD(SPIN90)and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1(Rac1)/WASp family Verprolin-homologous protein-2(WAVE-2)are upregulated(P<0.05)in Ang Ⅱ-induced neonatal rat primary and H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,indicating the excessive activation of the Arp2/3 complex.We further show that CK666,a specific Arp2/3 complex inhibitor,prevents the reactivation of fetal genes and the enlargement of cardiomyocyte area induced by Ang Ⅱ in NRCMs and H9c2 cells(P<0.05).Our results reveal that the Arp2/3 complex plays a crucial role in Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,which is beneficial to further studies about the molecular mechanisms by which the Arp2/3 complex regulates pathological cardiac hypertrophy.展开更多
钙信号动态变化在植物适应非生物胁迫中起着重要作用。为了理解热胁迫下1个微丝结合相关蛋白(Actin-Related Protein 2,ARP2)参与调控钙信号的机制,采用生理、分子和遗传手段对ARP2相关遗传材料进行了分析。实验结果发现,和野生型相比,...钙信号动态变化在植物适应非生物胁迫中起着重要作用。为了理解热胁迫下1个微丝结合相关蛋白(Actin-Related Protein 2,ARP2)参与调控钙信号的机制,采用生理、分子和遗传手段对ARP2相关遗传材料进行了分析。实验结果发现,和野生型相比,热胁迫下arp2突变体细胞质的钙离子浓度升高,arp2突变体幼苗表现出热敏感表型。ARP2基因的表达受热胁迫的诱导,arp2突变体中热诱导响应的转录因子HSF-A7A、HSF-B2A的表达较野生型低。当外源添加线粒体渗透性转换孔道抑制剂cyclosporin A(CsA)抑制arp2突变体中钙升高时,可以恢复其热敏感的表型。以上研究结果表明,ARP2通过调控线粒体来源的钙信号响应热胁迫。展开更多
脊椎动物胚胎发育过程中,经卵裂和囊胚期积累了一定数量的细胞后,在原肠期开始出现明显的细胞运动,囊胚表层的细胞通过一个称为组织者(Spemann and Mongald’sorganizer)的结构进入胚胎的内部,经过内陷、内卷、汇聚、延伸等一系列细胞运...脊椎动物胚胎发育过程中,经卵裂和囊胚期积累了一定数量的细胞后,在原肠期开始出现明显的细胞运动,囊胚表层的细胞通过一个称为组织者(Spemann and Mongald’sorganizer)的结构进入胚胎的内部,经过内陷、内卷、汇聚、延伸等一系列细胞运动,按照既定的方向迁移到达目的地,参与构建各个胚层,这一过程称为形态发生运动。形态发生运动是脊椎动物胚胎发育必不可少的重要步骤,在这一过程中,特定的单个细胞或成群细胞的定向迁移,对于三个胚层(外胚层、中胚层、内胚层),以及由这些胚层所产生的特定组织器官的发育与分化,具有决定性影响。展开更多
Filopodia, a finger-like structure and actin-rich plasma-membrane protrusion at the leading edge of the cell, has important roles in cell motility. However, the mechanisms of filopodia generation are not well-understo...Filopodia, a finger-like structure and actin-rich plasma-membrane protrusion at the leading edge of the cell, has important roles in cell motility. However, the mechanisms of filopodia generation are not well-understood via the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells. We previously have demonstrated that PRR11 associates with the ARP2/3 complex to regulate cytoskeleton-nucleoskeleton assembly and chromatin remodeling. In this study, we further demonstrate that PRR11 involves in filopodia formation, focal adhesion turnover and cell motility through ARP2/3 complex. Cell phenotype assays revealed that the silencing of PRR11 increased cellular size and inhibited cell motility in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, PRR11 recruited and co-localized with Arp2 at the membrane protrusion to promote filopodia formation but not lamellipodia formation. Notably, PRR11 mutant deletion of the proline-rich region 2 (amino acid residues 185–200) abrogated the effect of filopodia formation. In addition, PRR11-depletion inhibited filopodial actin filaments assembly and increased the level of active integrin β1 in the cell surface, whereas reduced the phosphorylation level of focal adhesion kinase (FAKY397) to repress focal adhesion turnover and cell motility in NSCLC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that PRR11 has critical roles in controlling filopodia formation, focal adhesion turnover and cell motility by recruiting ARP2/3 complex, thus dysregualted expression of PRR11 potentially facilitates tumor metastasis in NSCLC cells.展开更多
目的分析和预测亚洲带绦虫肌动相关蛋白2/3复合体亚单位4(Actin related protein2/3complexsubunit4,Arp2/3)基因及其编码蛋白的结构和特性。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)和瑞士生物信息学研...目的分析和预测亚洲带绦虫肌动相关蛋白2/3复合体亚单位4(Actin related protein2/3complexsubunit4,Arp2/3)基因及其编码蛋白的结构和特性。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)和瑞士生物信息学研究所的蛋白分析专家系统(ExPASY,http://ca.expasy.org/)中有关基因和蛋白的序列和结构信息分析的各种工具,结合其它生物信息学分析软件包,如Pcgene和Vector NTIsuite,从亚洲带绦虫全长cDNA质粒文库中识别Arp2/3基因及其编码区,分析、预测该基因编码蛋白质的理化特性、翻译后的修饰位点、功能域、亚细胞定位、拓扑结构、二级结构、三维空间构象等。结果该基因全长718bp,编码区为30-530,编码167个氨基酸,为全长基因。GenBank中与日本血吸虫Arp2/3氨基酸序列一致性达78%,相似性达90%。理论分子量为19533.9。没有跨膜区和各种亚细胞序列。预测3个主要的抗原表位为53～58,74～82,138～143均在Arp2/3空间结构的分子表面。结论应用生物信息方法从亚洲带绦虫成虫cDNA文库中筛选出Arp2/3基因。展开更多
文摘Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is an early and significant cardiac structural characteristic that contributes to the onset and progression of heart failure(HF).Its mainly structural feature is the abnormally enlarged cardiomyocyte.Effective intervention targets for abnormally enlarged cardiomyocyte remain to be identified.Previous studies have shown that the cellular shape and size can be regulated by the actin related protein 2/3(Arp2/3)complex,which is an actin-binding protein complex involved in the actin nucleation and assembly.However,the roles of the Arp2/3 complex in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remain unknown.Here our study identifies its novel roles in the occurrence and development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.We found that mRNA levels of all subunits from the Arp2/3 complex are significantly upregulated(P<0.05)in the angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced neonatal rat primary and H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Further studies showed that siRNA-directed ARPC 2 silencing inhibits the reactivation of fetal genes and enlargement of cardiomyocyte area induced by Ang Ⅱ in neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes(NRCMs)and H9c2 cells(P<0.05).In addition,the upstream activators of the Arp2/3 complex including SH3 protein interacting with Nck,90 kD(SPIN90)and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1(Rac1)/WASp family Verprolin-homologous protein-2(WAVE-2)are upregulated(P<0.05)in Ang Ⅱ-induced neonatal rat primary and H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,indicating the excessive activation of the Arp2/3 complex.We further show that CK666,a specific Arp2/3 complex inhibitor,prevents the reactivation of fetal genes and the enlargement of cardiomyocyte area induced by Ang Ⅱ in NRCMs and H9c2 cells(P<0.05).Our results reveal that the Arp2/3 complex plays a crucial role in Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,which is beneficial to further studies about the molecular mechanisms by which the Arp2/3 complex regulates pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
文摘钙信号动态变化在植物适应非生物胁迫中起着重要作用。为了理解热胁迫下1个微丝结合相关蛋白(Actin-Related Protein 2,ARP2)参与调控钙信号的机制,采用生理、分子和遗传手段对ARP2相关遗传材料进行了分析。实验结果发现,和野生型相比,热胁迫下arp2突变体细胞质的钙离子浓度升高,arp2突变体幼苗表现出热敏感表型。ARP2基因的表达受热胁迫的诱导,arp2突变体中热诱导响应的转录因子HSF-A7A、HSF-B2A的表达较野生型低。当外源添加线粒体渗透性转换孔道抑制剂cyclosporin A(CsA)抑制arp2突变体中钙升高时,可以恢复其热敏感的表型。以上研究结果表明,ARP2通过调控线粒体来源的钙信号响应热胁迫。
文摘脊椎动物胚胎发育过程中,经卵裂和囊胚期积累了一定数量的细胞后,在原肠期开始出现明显的细胞运动,囊胚表层的细胞通过一个称为组织者(Spemann and Mongald’sorganizer)的结构进入胚胎的内部,经过内陷、内卷、汇聚、延伸等一系列细胞运动,按照既定的方向迁移到达目的地,参与构建各个胚层,这一过程称为形态发生运动。形态发生运动是脊椎动物胚胎发育必不可少的重要步骤,在这一过程中,特定的单个细胞或成群细胞的定向迁移,对于三个胚层(外胚层、中胚层、内胚层),以及由这些胚层所产生的特定组织器官的发育与分化,具有决定性影响。
文摘Filopodia, a finger-like structure and actin-rich plasma-membrane protrusion at the leading edge of the cell, has important roles in cell motility. However, the mechanisms of filopodia generation are not well-understood via the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells. We previously have demonstrated that PRR11 associates with the ARP2/3 complex to regulate cytoskeleton-nucleoskeleton assembly and chromatin remodeling. In this study, we further demonstrate that PRR11 involves in filopodia formation, focal adhesion turnover and cell motility through ARP2/3 complex. Cell phenotype assays revealed that the silencing of PRR11 increased cellular size and inhibited cell motility in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, PRR11 recruited and co-localized with Arp2 at the membrane protrusion to promote filopodia formation but not lamellipodia formation. Notably, PRR11 mutant deletion of the proline-rich region 2 (amino acid residues 185–200) abrogated the effect of filopodia formation. In addition, PRR11-depletion inhibited filopodial actin filaments assembly and increased the level of active integrin β1 in the cell surface, whereas reduced the phosphorylation level of focal adhesion kinase (FAKY397) to repress focal adhesion turnover and cell motility in NSCLC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that PRR11 has critical roles in controlling filopodia formation, focal adhesion turnover and cell motility by recruiting ARP2/3 complex, thus dysregualted expression of PRR11 potentially facilitates tumor metastasis in NSCLC cells.
文摘目的分析和预测亚洲带绦虫肌动相关蛋白2/3复合体亚单位4(Actin related protein2/3complexsubunit4,Arp2/3)基因及其编码蛋白的结构和特性。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)和瑞士生物信息学研究所的蛋白分析专家系统(ExPASY,http://ca.expasy.org/)中有关基因和蛋白的序列和结构信息分析的各种工具,结合其它生物信息学分析软件包,如Pcgene和Vector NTIsuite,从亚洲带绦虫全长cDNA质粒文库中识别Arp2/3基因及其编码区,分析、预测该基因编码蛋白质的理化特性、翻译后的修饰位点、功能域、亚细胞定位、拓扑结构、二级结构、三维空间构象等。结果该基因全长718bp,编码区为30-530,编码167个氨基酸,为全长基因。GenBank中与日本血吸虫Arp2/3氨基酸序列一致性达78%,相似性达90%。理论分子量为19533.9。没有跨膜区和各种亚细胞序列。预测3个主要的抗原表位为53～58,74～82,138～143均在Arp2/3空间结构的分子表面。结论应用生物信息方法从亚洲带绦虫成虫cDNA文库中筛选出Arp2/3基因。
