Hydrogels have drawn considerable attention in the past two decades due to their excellent biocompatibility and multi-stimuli responsiveness. They have a wide range of applications in the fields related to tissue engi...Hydrogels have drawn considerable attention in the past two decades due to their excellent biocompatibility and multi-stimuli responsiveness. They have a wide range of applications in the fields related to tissue engineering, sensors and biomedicine. Their applications are strongly influenced by the surface properties of hydrogels and the interfacial interactions between hydrogels and other substrates. In particular, the surface wettability and adhesion of hydrogels decide their applications as drug carriers and wound dressing materials. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematic discussion on the surface functionalization strategies of hydrogels. Therefore, this review aims at summarizing the strategies of functionalizing the surfaces of hydrogels and bonding hydrogels with other solid substrates. It also explores the challenges and future perspectives of interfacial engineering of hydrogels.展开更多
4-（4,6-Dimethoxyl-pyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea carboxylic acid ethyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxyl pyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single ...4-（4,6-Dimethoxyl-pyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea carboxylic acid ethyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxyl pyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single crystals suitable for X-ray measurement were obtained by recrystallization with the solvent of dimethyl formamide at room temperature. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystallographic data： C10H14N4O4S, M, = 286.31, monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 2.5309（3）, b = 0.67682（6）, c = 1.74237（19） nm, β = 114.744（3）°, V= 2.7106（5） nm3, Dc = 1.403 g/cm3, p = 0.225 mm-1, F（000） = 1200, Z= 8, R= 0.0514 and wR= 0.1529.展开更多
The polymeric solid, [Cu（bpy）（tp）（H2O）]n 1 （tp = terephthalate, bpy = 2,2＇-bipyridine）, has been obtained from the hydrothermal approach and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra ...The polymeric solid, [Cu（bpy）（tp）（H2O）]n 1 （tp = terephthalate, bpy = 2,2＇-bipyridine）, has been obtained from the hydrothermal approach and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.360（2）, b = 9.872（2）, c = 10.774（2）A, α = 106.281（5）, β = 112.471（5）, γ = 96.697（3）°, V = 854.5（3）A^3, Z = 2, GOF = 1.09, R = 0.0318 and wR = 0.0845. X-ray single-crystal analysis reveals that 1 is an interesting 3D staggered brickwall-like supramolecular array assembled through aromatic π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions of 1D infinite zigzag polymeric chains.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes ...CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes the essential role of noncovalent interactions,particularly in peptide-based materials.Key forces,such as aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding,are crucial for promoting molecular aggregation and stabilizing supramolecular structures.Numerous studies demonstrate how these interactions influence the phase transitions and the morphology of self-assembled structures.Recent advances in computational methodologies,including molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning,have significantly enhanced our understanding of self-assembly processes.These tools enable researchers to predict how molecular properties,such as hydrophobicity,charge distribution,and aromaticity,affect assembly behavior.Simulations uncover the energetic landscapes governing peptide aggregation,providing insights into the kinetic pathways and thermodynamic stabilities.Meanwhile,machine learning facilitates the rapid screening of peptide libraries,identifying sequences with optimal self-assembly characteristics,and accelerating material design with tailored functionalities.Beyond their structural and physicochemical properties,self-assembled peptide nanostructures hold immense potential in biological applications due to their versatility and biocompatibility.By manipulating molecular interactions,researchers have engineered responsive systems that interact with cellular environments to elicit specific biological responses.These peptide nanostructures can mimic extracellular matrices,facilitating cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.They also show promise in modulating immune responses,recruiting immune cells,and regulating signaling pathways,making them valuable tools in immunotherapy and regenerative medicine.Moreover,their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes positions them as innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics,addressing the urgent need for solutions to antimicrobial resistance.Despite its promise,peptide self-assembly faces several challenges.The assembly process is highly sensitive to environmental conditions,such as pH,temperature,and ionic strength,leading to variability in the morphology and properties.Furthermore,peptide aggregation can result in heterogeneous and poorly defined assemblies,complicating the reproducibility and scalability.Designing peptides with predictable self-assembly behavior remains a significant hurdle.Looking ahead,integrating computational predictions with experimental validations will be crucial in discovering novel peptide sequences with tailored self-assembly properties.Machine learning,combined with high-throughput screening techniques,will enable the rapid identification of optimal peptide sequences.In situ characterization tools,such as cryoelectron microscopy and advanced spectroscopy,will provide deeper insights into assembly mechanisms,aiding the rational design of peptide materials.As research progresses,the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions can be leveraged to create adaptive responsive to environmental stimuli.Self-assembled peptide nanostructures are poised for impactful applications in biomedicine including targeted drug delivery,tissue repair,and advanced therapeutic strategies.Ultimately,these nanostructures represent a powerful platform for addressing complex challenges in biomedicine and beyond,paving the way for transformative breakthroughs in science and technology.展开更多
A series of aromatic oligoamide foldamers based on 8-fluoro amino-quinoline carboxyl acid have been synthe- sized and characterized. Studies show that these foldamers self-assemble to form well-defined twisted helical...A series of aromatic oligoamide foldamers based on 8-fluoro amino-quinoline carboxyl acid have been synthe- sized and characterized. Studies show that these foldamers self-assemble to form well-defined twisted helical mi- crofibers in chloroform-methanol （1 ： 1, V/V） binary solvent due to the intermolecular π-π stacking and van der Waals forces of aliphatic chains, which are supported by SEM, TEM and XRD. It is also revealed that the assembly morphologies show strong dependence on the length of alkyl chains.展开更多
Amphiphilic molecules have long been regarded as an important class of supramolecular building blocks for the fabrication of nanomaterials. While most previous researches have mainly focused on amphiphlies with flexib...Amphiphilic molecules have long been regarded as an important class of supramolecular building blocks for the fabrication of nanomaterials. While most previous researches have mainly focused on amphiphlies with flexible structures, in this work, four novel amphiphiles possessing wholly-rigid skeletons have been designed and synthe- sized. These molecules were built by using 4,4＇-bipyridin-l-ium or viologen as hydrophilic moieties and phenyl or biphenyl as hydrophobic segments, bridged by a pyridazine unit. Their self-assembly behavior has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, which revealed they could self-assemble into well-ordered nanoarchitectures with various morphologies such as vesicles, micro/nanorods and nanotubes in water or methanol, depending on their hydrophilic/hydrophobic fraction ratios.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21574004)Xiamen Southern Oceanographic Center(No.14GQT61HJ31)+3 种基金the 111 project(No.B14009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National ‘Young Thousand Talents Program’the Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA for PHD Students
文摘Hydrogels have drawn considerable attention in the past two decades due to their excellent biocompatibility and multi-stimuli responsiveness. They have a wide range of applications in the fields related to tissue engineering, sensors and biomedicine. Their applications are strongly influenced by the surface properties of hydrogels and the interfacial interactions between hydrogels and other substrates. In particular, the surface wettability and adhesion of hydrogels decide their applications as drug carriers and wound dressing materials. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematic discussion on the surface functionalization strategies of hydrogels. Therefore, this review aims at summarizing the strategies of functionalizing the surfaces of hydrogels and bonding hydrogels with other solid substrates. It also explores the challenges and future perspectives of interfacial engineering of hydrogels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20571060)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2007B08)Education Committee of Shaanxi Province (05JK294)
文摘4-（4,6-Dimethoxyl-pyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea carboxylic acid ethyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxyl pyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single crystals suitable for X-ray measurement were obtained by recrystallization with the solvent of dimethyl formamide at room temperature. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystallographic data： C10H14N4O4S, M, = 286.31, monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 2.5309（3）, b = 0.67682（6）, c = 1.74237（19） nm, β = 114.744（3）°, V= 2.7106（5） nm3, Dc = 1.403 g/cm3, p = 0.225 mm-1, F（000） = 1200, Z= 8, R= 0.0514 and wR= 0.1529.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50971063)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2003F006)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China
文摘The polymeric solid, [Cu（bpy）（tp）（H2O）]n 1 （tp = terephthalate, bpy = 2,2＇-bipyridine）, has been obtained from the hydrothermal approach and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.360（2）, b = 9.872（2）, c = 10.774（2）A, α = 106.281（5）, β = 112.471（5）, γ = 96.697（3）°, V = 854.5（3）A^3, Z = 2, GOF = 1.09, R = 0.0318 and wR = 0.0845. X-ray single-crystal analysis reveals that 1 is an interesting 3D staggered brickwall-like supramolecular array assembled through aromatic π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions of 1D infinite zigzag polymeric chains.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272145)and the Foundation of Westlake University.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Controlling self-assembled peptide nanostructures has emerged as a significant area of research,offering versatile tools for developing functional materials for various applications.This Account emphasizes the essential role of noncovalent interactions,particularly in peptide-based materials.Key forces,such as aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding,are crucial for promoting molecular aggregation and stabilizing supramolecular structures.Numerous studies demonstrate how these interactions influence the phase transitions and the morphology of self-assembled structures.Recent advances in computational methodologies,including molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning,have significantly enhanced our understanding of self-assembly processes.These tools enable researchers to predict how molecular properties,such as hydrophobicity,charge distribution,and aromaticity,affect assembly behavior.Simulations uncover the energetic landscapes governing peptide aggregation,providing insights into the kinetic pathways and thermodynamic stabilities.Meanwhile,machine learning facilitates the rapid screening of peptide libraries,identifying sequences with optimal self-assembly characteristics,and accelerating material design with tailored functionalities.Beyond their structural and physicochemical properties,self-assembled peptide nanostructures hold immense potential in biological applications due to their versatility and biocompatibility.By manipulating molecular interactions,researchers have engineered responsive systems that interact with cellular environments to elicit specific biological responses.These peptide nanostructures can mimic extracellular matrices,facilitating cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.They also show promise in modulating immune responses,recruiting immune cells,and regulating signaling pathways,making them valuable tools in immunotherapy and regenerative medicine.Moreover,their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes positions them as innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics,addressing the urgent need for solutions to antimicrobial resistance.Despite its promise,peptide self-assembly faces several challenges.The assembly process is highly sensitive to environmental conditions,such as pH,temperature,and ionic strength,leading to variability in the morphology and properties.Furthermore,peptide aggregation can result in heterogeneous and poorly defined assemblies,complicating the reproducibility and scalability.Designing peptides with predictable self-assembly behavior remains a significant hurdle.Looking ahead,integrating computational predictions with experimental validations will be crucial in discovering novel peptide sequences with tailored self-assembly properties.Machine learning,combined with high-throughput screening techniques,will enable the rapid identification of optimal peptide sequences.In situ characterization tools,such as cryoelectron microscopy and advanced spectroscopy,will provide deeper insights into assembly mechanisms,aiding the rational design of peptide materials.As research progresses,the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions can be leveraged to create adaptive responsive to environmental stimuli.Self-assembled peptide nanostructures are poised for impactful applications in biomedicine including targeted drug delivery,tissue repair,and advanced therapeutic strategies.Ultimately,these nanostructures represent a powerful platform for addressing complex challenges in biomedicine and beyond,paving the way for transformative breakthroughs in science and technology.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2009CB930802)for financial support
文摘A series of aromatic oligoamide foldamers based on 8-fluoro amino-quinoline carboxyl acid have been synthe- sized and characterized. Studies show that these foldamers self-assemble to form well-defined twisted helical mi- crofibers in chloroform-methanol （1 ： 1, V/V） binary solvent due to the intermolecular π-π stacking and van der Waals forces of aliphatic chains, which are supported by SEM, TEM and XRD. It is also revealed that the assembly morphologies show strong dependence on the length of alkyl chains.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21502216） and the Technology Commis- sion of Shanghai Municipality （No. 15ZR1449500） for the financial support.
文摘Amphiphilic molecules have long been regarded as an important class of supramolecular building blocks for the fabrication of nanomaterials. While most previous researches have mainly focused on amphiphlies with flexible structures, in this work, four novel amphiphiles possessing wholly-rigid skeletons have been designed and synthe- sized. These molecules were built by using 4,4＇-bipyridin-l-ium or viologen as hydrophilic moieties and phenyl or biphenyl as hydrophobic segments, bridged by a pyridazine unit. Their self-assembly behavior has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, which revealed they could self-assemble into well-ordered nanoarchitectures with various morphologies such as vesicles, micro/nanorods and nanotubes in water or methanol, depending on their hydrophilic/hydrophobic fraction ratios.
