The Beijing Swift(Apus apus pekinensis)is a typical cavity-nesting bird that often nests inside holes and crevices in old architectures.Direct observation of their breeding behaviour is challenging and their breeding ...The Beijing Swift(Apus apus pekinensis)is a typical cavity-nesting bird that often nests inside holes and crevices in old architectures.Direct observation of their breeding behaviour is challenging and their breeding ecology is thus poorly studied.In this study,we analysed light-level geolocation data collected from six Beijing Swifts for the first time.Our results showed that geolocators can make comprehensive inference of their incubation period and behaviour.As a cost-effective and non-invasive method,geolocators can not only facilitate discovering migration routes,but also can be widely applied in the study of avian reproductive behaviour,especially in cavity-nesting bird species.We further discussed the characteristics and merits of this method and compared with other conventional nest-monitoring methods in recording birds.展开更多
德国的APUS Zero Emission推出了i-2飞机,这是一款以氢燃料电池为动力的四座通用航空飞机。这款全新的双发飞机预计将在2024年底或2025年初进行首次飞行。APUS是2014年成立的航空设计公司,总部位于Strausberg,公司计划依据欧洲航空安全...德国的APUS Zero Emission推出了i-2飞机,这是一款以氢燃料电池为动力的四座通用航空飞机。这款全新的双发飞机预计将在2024年底或2025年初进行首次飞行。APUS是2014年成立的航空设计公司,总部位于Strausberg,公司计划依据欧洲航空安全局CS-23规定,在2027年将i-2飞机认证为正常类飞机,并预计在2028年将该飞机推向市场,预计售价约为110万美元。展开更多
Climate change can affect rainfall and temperature worldwide,and the ability of birds to react to these changes can be mirrored by studying population phenology and their breeding success.Some European species have ad...Climate change can affect rainfall and temperature worldwide,and the ability of birds to react to these changes can be mirrored by studying population phenology and their breeding success.Some European species have advanced arrival and breeding dates in response to local spring advancement,but conditions experienced during winter seasons may also affect arrival dates and subsequent breeding success.We utilized data collected from 1983 to 2020 in four colonies of Common Swift(Apus apus)in Northern Italy(5486 breeding attempts)to examine the variations of laying date and breeding success in relation to non-breeding conditions(previous winter in Africa)and local conditions in breeding period(spring).Climatic conditions were monitored using the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO)and El Nino Southern Oscillation(ENSO)indices to describe conditions experienced in winter quarters and the local temperature and rainfall conditions of the breeding area.Common Swifts laid their eggs earlier in warmer springs,and this in turn had a positive effect on breeding success.We did not find evidence for any effects of African winter conditions on laying date nor on breeding success.However,because studies made in the same area have demonstrated a relationship of winter conditions(NAO)on individual survival,our data highlight the importance of considering environmental variables across the annual life cycle to understand variation in Common Swift populations.展开更多
起动控制规律对于辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)至关重要。针对APU起动控制规律设计中的控制时序、供油规律、起动过程中的限制及保护等关键技术点进行深入研究,提出一种适应性较好的起动控制规律。经多型APU整机试验验证,提...起动控制规律对于辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)至关重要。针对APU起动控制规律设计中的控制时序、供油规律、起动过程中的限制及保护等关键技术点进行深入研究,提出一种适应性较好的起动控制规律。经多型APU整机试验验证,提出的起动控制规律可缩短整机调试时间,提高研制效率。展开更多
基金funded by SHAN SHUI Conservation Centre,Beijing。
文摘The Beijing Swift(Apus apus pekinensis)is a typical cavity-nesting bird that often nests inside holes and crevices in old architectures.Direct observation of their breeding behaviour is challenging and their breeding ecology is thus poorly studied.In this study,we analysed light-level geolocation data collected from six Beijing Swifts for the first time.Our results showed that geolocators can make comprehensive inference of their incubation period and behaviour.As a cost-effective and non-invasive method,geolocators can not only facilitate discovering migration routes,but also can be widely applied in the study of avian reproductive behaviour,especially in cavity-nesting bird species.We further discussed the characteristics and merits of this method and compared with other conventional nest-monitoring methods in recording birds.
文摘德国的APUS Zero Emission推出了i-2飞机,这是一款以氢燃料电池为动力的四座通用航空飞机。这款全新的双发飞机预计将在2024年底或2025年初进行首次飞行。APUS是2014年成立的航空设计公司,总部位于Strausberg,公司计划依据欧洲航空安全局CS-23规定,在2027年将i-2飞机认证为正常类飞机,并预计在2028年将该飞机推向市场,预计售价约为110万美元。
文摘Climate change can affect rainfall and temperature worldwide,and the ability of birds to react to these changes can be mirrored by studying population phenology and their breeding success.Some European species have advanced arrival and breeding dates in response to local spring advancement,but conditions experienced during winter seasons may also affect arrival dates and subsequent breeding success.We utilized data collected from 1983 to 2020 in four colonies of Common Swift(Apus apus)in Northern Italy(5486 breeding attempts)to examine the variations of laying date and breeding success in relation to non-breeding conditions(previous winter in Africa)and local conditions in breeding period(spring).Climatic conditions were monitored using the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO)and El Nino Southern Oscillation(ENSO)indices to describe conditions experienced in winter quarters and the local temperature and rainfall conditions of the breeding area.Common Swifts laid their eggs earlier in warmer springs,and this in turn had a positive effect on breeding success.We did not find evidence for any effects of African winter conditions on laying date nor on breeding success.However,because studies made in the same area have demonstrated a relationship of winter conditions(NAO)on individual survival,our data highlight the importance of considering environmental variables across the annual life cycle to understand variation in Common Swift populations.
文摘起动控制规律对于辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)至关重要。针对APU起动控制规律设计中的控制时序、供油规律、起动过程中的限制及保护等关键技术点进行深入研究,提出一种适应性较好的起动控制规律。经多型APU整机试验验证,提出的起动控制规律可缩短整机调试时间,提高研制效率。
