The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed patho...The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and therapy.The induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease therapies.The current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells.The benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are highlighted.Various dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are compared.The emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are evaluated.Finally,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.展开更多
With the rapid development of information technology and the advancement of educational modernization,the teaching mode of vocal music in colleges and universities is undergoing a new transformation,which complies wit...With the rapid development of information technology and the advancement of educational modernization,the teaching mode of vocal music in colleges and universities is undergoing a new transformation,which complies with the trend of digital age and brings new challenges.This paper explores the specific implementation path of artificial intelligence technology,virtual reality technology,big data technology and intelligent interaction technology in vocal music teaching in colleges and universities,aiming to inject new vitality into the traditional teaching mode and improve teaching quality and efficiency.展开更多
Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF),characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM)that causes oral mucosal tissue sclerosis,and even cancer transformation,is a chronic,progressive fibrosis disease.However...Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF),characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM)that causes oral mucosal tissue sclerosis,and even cancer transformation,is a chronic,progressive fibrosis disease.However,despite some advancements in recent years,no targeted antifibrotic strategies for OSF have been approved;likely because the complicated mechanisms that initiate and drive fibrosis remain to be determined.In this review,we briefly introduce the epidemiology and etiology of OSF.Then,we highlight how cell-intrinsic changes in significant structural cells can drive fibrotic response by regulating biological behaviors,secretion function,and activation of ECM-producing myofibroblasts.In addition,we also discuss the role of innate and adaptive immune cells and how they contribute to the pathogenesis of OSF.Finally,we summarize strategies to interrupt key mechanisms that cause OSF,including modulation of the ECM,inhibition of inflammation,improvement of vascular disturbance.This review will provide potential routes for developing novel anti-OSF therapeutics.展开更多
The theory of new quality productive forces provides a foundational framework for cultivating pre-service English teachers.There is a high degree of consistency between the development of new quality productive forces...The theory of new quality productive forces provides a foundational framework for cultivating pre-service English teachers.There is a high degree of consistency between the development of new quality productive forces and the cultivation of pre-service English teachers.The development of new quality productive forces has put forward new requirements for the cultivation of pre-service English teachers,while the cultivation of pre-service English teachers will also promote the development of new quality productive forces and provide talent support for it.Currently,the cultivation of pre-service English teachers faces numerous challenges,which requires strengthening top-level program design,reconstructing the curriculum system,expanding cultivation fields for pre-service English teachers,improving the digital literacy of pre-service English teachers,deepening international exchanges and cooperation,and building an evidence-based evaluation system as a guarantee to achieve new breakthroughs in the cultivation of pre-service English teachers and promote the development of new quality productive forces.展开更多
Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensem...Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensemble learning have been used to recognize underlying structures and patterns from high-level features to make predictions/decisions.With the growth in popularity of deep learning and ensemble learning algorithms,they have received significant attention from both scientists and the industrial community due to their superior ability to learn features from big data.Ensemble deep learning has exhibited significant performance in enhancing learning generalization through the use of multiple deep learning algorithms.Although ensemble deep learning has large quantities of training parameters,which results in time and space overheads,it performs much better than traditional ensemble learning.Ensemble deep learning has been successfully used in several areas,such as bioinformatics,finance,and health care.In this paper,we review and investigate recent ensemble deep learning algorithms and techniques in health care domains,medical imaging,health care data analytics,genomics,diagnosis,disease prevention,and drug discovery.We cover several widely used deep learning algorithms along with their architectures,including deep neural networks(DNNs),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),recurrent neural networks(RNNs),and generative adversarial networks(GANs).Common healthcare tasks,such as medical imaging,electronic health records,and genomics,are also demonstrated.Furthermore,in this review,the challenges inherent in reducing the burden on the healthcare system are discussed and explored.Finally,future directions and opportunities for enhancing healthcare model performance are discussed.展开更多
In May 2025,the Fuding White Tea Culture System in southeast China’s Fujian Province was officially recognized by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAH...In May 2025,the Fuding White Tea Culture System in southeast China’s Fujian Province was officially recognized by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS).It mainly includes national-level superior varieties-Fuding Dabai Tea,Fuding Dahao Tea,and Fuding Cai Tea(group variety)which retains tradition and uses tea seeds for sexual reproduction-providing abundant germplasm resources for cultivating new tea varieties.展开更多
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal disease...This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.展开更多
Pelvic fractures are rare but severe injuries that severely affect patients’quality of life.Treatment of these fractures often involves invasive approaches with high risk of injuries to nervous structures,particularl...Pelvic fractures are rare but severe injuries that severely affect patients’quality of life.Treatment of these fractures often involves invasive approaches with high risk of injuries to nervous structures,particularly lumbosacral plexus.The introduction of minimally invasive surgical approaches,such as the lateral rectus approach,not only contributes to preserving lumbar plexus integrity in operated patients but also positively impacts their psychological well-being.Patients treated by surgical reduction of pelvic fractures with lumbosacral plexus injury often experience states of anxiety and depression.The lateral rectus approach is associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to more invasive surgical techniques used for similar fractures.展开更多
The rising prevalence of chronic multimorbidity poses substantial challenges to healthcare systems,necessitating the development of innovative management strategies to optimize patient care and system efficiency.The s...The rising prevalence of chronic multimorbidity poses substantial challenges to healthcare systems,necessitating the development of innovative management strategies to optimize patient care and system efficiency.The study by Fontalba-Navas et al investigates the implementation of a novel high complexity unit(HCU)specifically designed to improve the management of patients with chronic complex conditions.By adopting a multidisciplinary approach,the HCU aims to provide comprehensive,patient-centered care that enhances health outcomes and alleviates the strain on traditional hospital services.Utilizing a longitudinal analysis of data from the Basic Minimum Data Set,this study compares hospitalization metrics among the HCU,Internal Medicine,and other departments within a regional hospital throughout 2022.The findings reveal that the HCU's integrated care model significantly reduces readmission rates and boosts patient satisfaction compared to conventional care practices.The study highlights the HCU's potential as a replicable model for managing chronic multimorbidity,emphasizing its effectiveness in minimizing unnecessary hospitalizations and enhancing the overall quality of patient care.This innovative approach not only addresses the complexities associated with chronic multimorbid conditions but also offers a sustainable framework for healthcare systems confronting similar challenges.展开更多
One Health is an integrative approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of human,animal,and environmental health,advocating for collaborative,multidisciplinary efforts to address health challenges,particularly am...One Health is an integrative approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of human,animal,and environmental health,advocating for collaborative,multidisciplinary efforts to address health challenges,particularly amid globalization and emerging threats.This paper examines the integration of One Health principles into global health education,highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative pedagogical approaches.It evaluates various teaching methods,including problem-based learning(PBL),team-based learning(TBL),simulation-based education(SBE),case-based learning(CBL),interdisciplinary workshops and seminars(IWS),and service-learning(SL),analyzing their strengths and weaknesses in fostering interdisciplinary understanding and practical application of One Health concepts.While these methods enhance learning by promoting critical thinking,collaboration,and real-world application,they also face challenges such as resource constraints,variability in group dynamics,and the complexity of assessing long-term learning outcomes.The paper also discusses the role of global partnerships,such as the Global One Health Research Partnership(GOHRP),in advancing One Health education through collaborative research and educational initiatives.Addressing challenges in curriculum integration and interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for the effective implementation of One Health education,ensuring that future health professionals are equipped to tackle complex global health challenges.展开更多
Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)constitutes crucial elements within bacterial biofilms,facili-tating accelerated antimicrobial resistance and conferring defense against the host's immune cells.Developing pr...Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)constitutes crucial elements within bacterial biofilms,facili-tating accelerated antimicrobial resistance and conferring defense against the host's immune cells.Developing precise and effective antibiofilm approaches and strategies,tailored to the specific charac-teristics of EPS composition,can offer valuable insights for the creation of novel antimicrobial drugs.This,in turn,holds the potential to mitigate the alarming issue of bacterial drug resistance.Current analysis of EPS compositions relies heavily on colorimetric approaches with a significant bias,which is likely due to the selection of a standard compound and the cross-interference of various EPS compounds.Considering the pivotal role of EPS in biofilm functionality,it is imperative for EPS research to delve deeper into the analysis of intricate compositions,moving beyond the current focus on polymeric materials.This ne-cessitates a shift from heavy reliance on colorimetric analytic methods to more comprehensive and nuanced analytical approaches.In this study,we have provided a comprehensive summary of existing analytical methods utilized in the characterization of EPS compositions.Additionally,novel strategies aimed at targeting EPS to enhance biofilm penetration were explored,with a specific focus on high-lighting the limitations associated with colorimetric methods.Furthermore,we have outlined the challenges faced in identifying additional components of EPS and propose a prospective research plan to address these challenges.This review has the potential to guide future researchers in the search for novel compounds capable of suppressing EPS,thereby inhibiting biofilm formation.This insight opens up a new avenue for exploration within this research domain.展开更多
There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims ...There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims to summarize current knowledge about their formation mechanisms,detection approaches,and toxicology impacts.Oxidative derivatives of triglycerides are generated through the oxidation,cyclization,polymerization,and hydrolysis of triglycerides under high-temperature and abundant oxygen.The analytical techniques,including GC,HPSEC,MS,^(1)H-NMR were discussed in analyzing these components.In addition,their toxic effects on human health,including effects on the liver,intestines,cardiovascular system,immune system,and metabolism were elucidated.Information in this review could be used to improve the understanding of oxidative derivatives of triglycerides and ultimately improve academic and industrial strategies for eliminating these compounds in thermal processing food systems.展开更多
Background: Cutaneous oncology encompasses a broad range of skin malignancies, including melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), all of which pose significant global health c...Background: Cutaneous oncology encompasses a broad range of skin malignancies, including melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), all of which pose significant global health challenges. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that melanoma incidence has increased by approximately 50% over the past three decades. While SCC and BCC are generally less aggressive than melanoma, they contribute significantly to the overall burden of skin cancer due to their high prevalence. Traditional treatment modalities for these malignancies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, have shown limitations in achieving durable responses and minimizing systemic toxicity. As a result, there is an increasing need for more effective and less toxic treatment options. Immunotherapeutic strategies have emerged as a promising avenue in oncology, with the potential to revolutionize treatment approaches for cutaneous malignancies. Objectives: This literature review aims to undertake an in-depth examination of immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma, SCC, and BCC. Specifically, the review focuses on the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies, and emerging immunotherapies, assessing their impact on treatment outcomes, survival rates, and patient quality of life. Methods: A literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The search terms included “cutaneous oncology”, “immunotherapy”, “immune checkpoint inhibitors”, “adoptive cell therapy”, “melanoma”, “cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma”, and “basal cell carcinoma”. Peer-reviewed articles published in the last 10 years that reported clinical outcomes from immunotherapy-based treatments for cutaneous malignancies were included. The studies were reviewed and analyzed based on their reported clinical outcomes, including survival rates, adverse events, and quality of life metrics. Results: Our review identified significant advancements in immunotherapeutic strategies for cutaneous oncology. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab, demonstrated improved overall survival rates, particularly in melanoma patients. In addition, adoptive cell therapies, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies, showed promise in managing both cutaneous SCC and BCC, with reported reductions in tumor burden and durable responses. Emerging immunotherapies, such as cancer vaccines and oncolytic viruses, are in early clinical trials but exhibit potential in enhancing antitumor immunity and expanding treatment options. Conclusions: Immunotherapeutic strategies represent a critical advancement in the management of cutaneous malignancies, offering improved outcomes compared to traditional therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies are already reshaping clinical practice, while emerging immunotherapies provide exciting avenues for future research. These therapies not only enhance survival rates but also reduce systemic toxicities, representing a transformative approach to treating skin cancer. Further research and clinical trials are needed to refine these strategies and expand their applicability to a broader patient population.展开更多
The review provides an overview of the approaches, applications, and methods for ester prodrugs. Ester prodrugs are pharmacologically inactive compounds in their original form but become active drugs on biotransformat...The review provides an overview of the approaches, applications, and methods for ester prodrugs. Ester prodrugs are pharmacologically inactive compounds in their original form but become active drugs on biotransformation within the body, which offers advantages concerning the solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of the active drug. Several approaches of ester prodrugs have been reviewed in this review, including simple ester prodrugs, amino acid ester prodrugs, sugar ester prodrugs, lipid ester prodrugs, and polymeric ester prodrugs. This review incorporates in vitro and in vivo methods as well as the characterization of physical and chemical properties for ester prodrugs, cell culture systems, enzymatic assays, and animal models—all of these having a very important bearing on the evaluation of stability, bioavailability, and efficacy for ester prodrugs. While the benefits of using ester prodrugs are significant, there are also disadvantages like instability, poor or variable enzymatic hydrolysis, and toxicity from released promoieties or by-products. This review discusses solutions to the various limitations that include enhancing stability with ionizable promoieties and using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. The review also highlights the application of ester prodrugs in neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, and the ongoing efforts to address the critical limitations in treatment efficacy. Future prodrug strategies are poised to advance significantly by harnessing diverse transport mechanisms across the blood-brain barrier and integrating nanotechnology.展开更多
Natural products derived from bacterial sources have long been pivotal in the discovery of drug leads.However,the cultivation of only about 1%of bacteria in laboratory settings has left a significant portion of biosyn...Natural products derived from bacterial sources have long been pivotal in the discovery of drug leads.However,the cultivation of only about 1%of bacteria in laboratory settings has left a significant portion of biosynthetic diversity hidden within the genomes of uncultured bacteria.Advances in sequencing technologies now enable the exploration of genetic material from these metagenomes through culture-independent methods.This approach involves extracting genetic sequences from environmental DNA and applying a hybrid methodology that combines functional screening,sequence tag-based homology screening,and bioinformatic-assisted chemical synthesis.Through this process,numerous valuable natural products have been identified and synthesized from previously uncharted metagenomic territories.This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in the utilization of culture-independent techniques for the discovery of novel biosynthetic gene clusters and bioactive small molecules within metagenomic libraries.展开更多
A case report entitled“Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction”recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases presented a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction and ...A case report entitled“Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction”recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases presented a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction and highlighted the atypical manner in which gastrointestinal tuberculosis(TB)can present.The literature with regards to this rare pathology is limited to case reports and case series with the largest being published using data from between 2003 and 2013.However,since then the diagnostic tools available have significantly changed with more modern and increasingly accurate tests now available.This editorial reviews the current state of the art with regards to diagnosis in gastrointestinal TB.展开更多
It has become a trend of the city development in the world to build up the ecological city with an ecological system that is balanced in structure,high-efficient in service function.Taking Suzhou as a case,the authors...It has become a trend of the city development in the world to build up the ecological city with an ecological system that is balanced in structure,high-efficient in service function.Taking Suzhou as a case,the authors believe that the construction of an ecological city is a process of the progressive and well-organized systematic development and of the ecological function consummation,which will require five stages to complete,including ecological hygiene,ecological security,ecological industry,ecological landscape,and ecological culture.The problems presently encountered in the construction of ecological city in Suzhou can be solved through the following approaches:(1) To rebuild the relationship between man and nature when the planning is worked out;(2) To observe the principle of ecology in city design;(3) To choose the local plant species in city afforestation;(4) To choose those plantlets with vigorous growth,good shape,and high survival rate,observing the growth rule of plant and paying much attention to forest landscape,ecological system and biological diversity,rationally allocating the plant species resources;(5) To aim at the implementation of the less-labor management even the zero-labor management.展开更多
The large-scale optimization problem requires some optimization techniques, and the Metaheuristics approach is highly useful for solving difficult optimization problems in practice. The purpose of the research is to o...The large-scale optimization problem requires some optimization techniques, and the Metaheuristics approach is highly useful for solving difficult optimization problems in practice. The purpose of the research is to optimize the transportation system with the help of this approach. We selected forest vehicle routing data as the case study to minimize the total cost and the distance of the forest transportation system. Matlab software helps us find the best solution for this case by applying three algorithms of Metaheuristics: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Extended Great Deluge (EGD). The results show that GA, compared to ACO and EGD, provides the best solution for the cost and the length of our case study. EGD is the second preferred approach, and ACO offers the last solution.展开更多
After analysis of characteristics of Bama rural health-caring tourism,it had highlighted monopolisticness of longevity culture,diversity of tourist resources,and harmony between human and nature.The paper pointed out ...After analysis of characteristics of Bama rural health-caring tourism,it had highlighted monopolisticness of longevity culture,diversity of tourist resources,and harmony between human and nature.The paper pointed out that,to accelerate new countryside construction of Bama rural health-caring tourism,it should realize nearby employment and increase farmers' income;complete construction of rural basic facilities;ameliorate rural sanitary condition and transform villagers' thought;promote adjustment of rural industrial structure;and establish protection mechanism of longevous people.After survey on development of Bama rural tourism,it concluded bottlenecks restricting Bama rural tourism development,which were that environment at longevity area had suffered pollution;that the development was disordered and lacked of management;and that basic facilities waited for improvement.On this basis,approaches for improvement of competitiveness of Bama health-caring tourism had been proposed.It emphasized that it should enhance protection of longevity tourist resources,build farmhouse inn demonstration base,implement admittance system,establish community health-care system,beneficial to realizing economic,social and ecological benefits,and further manifesting its exuberant vitality.展开更多
After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been...After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been discussed.They relate to,interact on and are the precondition of each other.Reasonable landscape environment has carried people's expectation for nature,and different landscapes give people different feelings and present to be of different behavior features.Finally,the paper has proposed constructing low-carbon landscape in the perspective of landscape design idea,design methods,construction process and later management,providing a theoretical basis for advocating energy saving and environmental protection,and creating green ecology.展开更多
基金supported by Singapore National Medical Research Council(NMRC)grants,including CS-IRG,HLCA2022(to ZDZ),STaR,OF LCG 000207(to EKT)a Clinical Translational Research Programme in Parkinson's DiseaseDuke-Duke-NUS collaboration pilot grant(to ZDZ)。
文摘The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and therapy.The induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease therapies.The current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells.The benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are highlighted.Various dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are compared.The emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are evaluated.Finally,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.
基金Education Department of Hainan Province(Project No.:Hnjg2024-112&Hnjg2025ZC-80)。
文摘With the rapid development of information technology and the advancement of educational modernization,the teaching mode of vocal music in colleges and universities is undergoing a new transformation,which complies with the trend of digital age and brings new challenges.This paper explores the specific implementation path of artificial intelligence technology,virtual reality technology,big data technology and intelligent interaction technology in vocal music teaching in colleges and universities,aiming to inject new vitality into the traditional teaching mode and improve teaching quality and efficiency.
基金study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2402900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82470989,52103327)+3 种基金The Joint Funds of the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ60509)The Science and Technology Talent Support Project of the Hunan Provincial Science Popularization Special Project(2023TJ-Z08)Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(2023ZZTS0218)The Postgraduate Inde-pendent Exploration Innovation Fund of the Central South University(2023ZZTS0987)。
文摘Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF),characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM)that causes oral mucosal tissue sclerosis,and even cancer transformation,is a chronic,progressive fibrosis disease.However,despite some advancements in recent years,no targeted antifibrotic strategies for OSF have been approved;likely because the complicated mechanisms that initiate and drive fibrosis remain to be determined.In this review,we briefly introduce the epidemiology and etiology of OSF.Then,we highlight how cell-intrinsic changes in significant structural cells can drive fibrotic response by regulating biological behaviors,secretion function,and activation of ECM-producing myofibroblasts.In addition,we also discuss the role of innate and adaptive immune cells and how they contribute to the pathogenesis of OSF.Finally,we summarize strategies to interrupt key mechanisms that cause OSF,including modulation of the ECM,inhibition of inflammation,improvement of vascular disturbance.This review will provide potential routes for developing novel anti-OSF therapeutics.
基金supported by the National Education Sciences Planning Program of China through the National Office for Education Sciences Planning(Grant No.DIA220376).
文摘The theory of new quality productive forces provides a foundational framework for cultivating pre-service English teachers.There is a high degree of consistency between the development of new quality productive forces and the cultivation of pre-service English teachers.The development of new quality productive forces has put forward new requirements for the cultivation of pre-service English teachers,while the cultivation of pre-service English teachers will also promote the development of new quality productive forces and provide talent support for it.Currently,the cultivation of pre-service English teachers faces numerous challenges,which requires strengthening top-level program design,reconstructing the curriculum system,expanding cultivation fields for pre-service English teachers,improving the digital literacy of pre-service English teachers,deepening international exchanges and cooperation,and building an evidence-based evaluation system as a guarantee to achieve new breakthroughs in the cultivation of pre-service English teachers and promote the development of new quality productive forces.
基金funded by Taif University,Saudi Arabia,project No.(TU-DSPP-2024-263).
文摘Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensemble learning have been used to recognize underlying structures and patterns from high-level features to make predictions/decisions.With the growth in popularity of deep learning and ensemble learning algorithms,they have received significant attention from both scientists and the industrial community due to their superior ability to learn features from big data.Ensemble deep learning has exhibited significant performance in enhancing learning generalization through the use of multiple deep learning algorithms.Although ensemble deep learning has large quantities of training parameters,which results in time and space overheads,it performs much better than traditional ensemble learning.Ensemble deep learning has been successfully used in several areas,such as bioinformatics,finance,and health care.In this paper,we review and investigate recent ensemble deep learning algorithms and techniques in health care domains,medical imaging,health care data analytics,genomics,diagnosis,disease prevention,and drug discovery.We cover several widely used deep learning algorithms along with their architectures,including deep neural networks(DNNs),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),recurrent neural networks(RNNs),and generative adversarial networks(GANs).Common healthcare tasks,such as medical imaging,electronic health records,and genomics,are also demonstrated.Furthermore,in this review,the challenges inherent in reducing the burden on the healthcare system are discussed and explored.Finally,future directions and opportunities for enhancing healthcare model performance are discussed.
文摘In May 2025,the Fuding White Tea Culture System in southeast China’s Fujian Province was officially recognized by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS).It mainly includes national-level superior varieties-Fuding Dabai Tea,Fuding Dahao Tea,and Fuding Cai Tea(group variety)which retains tradition and uses tea seeds for sexual reproduction-providing abundant germplasm resources for cultivating new tea varieties.
基金Supported by National Research Foundation of Korea,No.NRF-2021S1A5A8062526.
文摘This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.
文摘Pelvic fractures are rare but severe injuries that severely affect patients’quality of life.Treatment of these fractures often involves invasive approaches with high risk of injuries to nervous structures,particularly lumbosacral plexus.The introduction of minimally invasive surgical approaches,such as the lateral rectus approach,not only contributes to preserving lumbar plexus integrity in operated patients but also positively impacts their psychological well-being.Patients treated by surgical reduction of pelvic fractures with lumbosacral plexus injury often experience states of anxiety and depression.The lateral rectus approach is associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to more invasive surgical techniques used for similar fractures.
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-RS-2023-00237287.
文摘The rising prevalence of chronic multimorbidity poses substantial challenges to healthcare systems,necessitating the development of innovative management strategies to optimize patient care and system efficiency.The study by Fontalba-Navas et al investigates the implementation of a novel high complexity unit(HCU)specifically designed to improve the management of patients with chronic complex conditions.By adopting a multidisciplinary approach,the HCU aims to provide comprehensive,patient-centered care that enhances health outcomes and alleviates the strain on traditional hospital services.Utilizing a longitudinal analysis of data from the Basic Minimum Data Set,this study compares hospitalization metrics among the HCU,Internal Medicine,and other departments within a regional hospital throughout 2022.The findings reveal that the HCU's integrated care model significantly reduces readmission rates and boosts patient satisfaction compared to conventional care practices.The study highlights the HCU's potential as a replicable model for managing chronic multimorbidity,emphasizing its effectiveness in minimizing unnecessary hospitalizations and enhancing the overall quality of patient care.This innovative approach not only addresses the complexities associated with chronic multimorbid conditions but also offers a sustainable framework for healthcare systems confronting similar challenges.
文摘One Health is an integrative approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of human,animal,and environmental health,advocating for collaborative,multidisciplinary efforts to address health challenges,particularly amid globalization and emerging threats.This paper examines the integration of One Health principles into global health education,highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative pedagogical approaches.It evaluates various teaching methods,including problem-based learning(PBL),team-based learning(TBL),simulation-based education(SBE),case-based learning(CBL),interdisciplinary workshops and seminars(IWS),and service-learning(SL),analyzing their strengths and weaknesses in fostering interdisciplinary understanding and practical application of One Health concepts.While these methods enhance learning by promoting critical thinking,collaboration,and real-world application,they also face challenges such as resource constraints,variability in group dynamics,and the complexity of assessing long-term learning outcomes.The paper also discusses the role of global partnerships,such as the Global One Health Research Partnership(GOHRP),in advancing One Health education through collaborative research and educational initiatives.Addressing challenges in curriculum integration and interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for the effective implementation of One Health education,ensuring that future health professionals are equipped to tackle complex global health challenges.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:81803812,81803237).
文摘Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)constitutes crucial elements within bacterial biofilms,facili-tating accelerated antimicrobial resistance and conferring defense against the host's immune cells.Developing precise and effective antibiofilm approaches and strategies,tailored to the specific charac-teristics of EPS composition,can offer valuable insights for the creation of novel antimicrobial drugs.This,in turn,holds the potential to mitigate the alarming issue of bacterial drug resistance.Current analysis of EPS compositions relies heavily on colorimetric approaches with a significant bias,which is likely due to the selection of a standard compound and the cross-interference of various EPS compounds.Considering the pivotal role of EPS in biofilm functionality,it is imperative for EPS research to delve deeper into the analysis of intricate compositions,moving beyond the current focus on polymeric materials.This ne-cessitates a shift from heavy reliance on colorimetric analytic methods to more comprehensive and nuanced analytical approaches.In this study,we have provided a comprehensive summary of existing analytical methods utilized in the characterization of EPS compositions.Additionally,novel strategies aimed at targeting EPS to enhance biofilm penetration were explored,with a specific focus on high-lighting the limitations associated with colorimetric methods.Furthermore,we have outlined the challenges faced in identifying additional components of EPS and propose a prospective research plan to address these challenges.This review has the potential to guide future researchers in the search for novel compounds capable of suppressing EPS,thereby inhibiting biofilm formation.This insight opens up a new avenue for exploration within this research domain.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.32272426).
文摘There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims to summarize current knowledge about their formation mechanisms,detection approaches,and toxicology impacts.Oxidative derivatives of triglycerides are generated through the oxidation,cyclization,polymerization,and hydrolysis of triglycerides under high-temperature and abundant oxygen.The analytical techniques,including GC,HPSEC,MS,^(1)H-NMR were discussed in analyzing these components.In addition,their toxic effects on human health,including effects on the liver,intestines,cardiovascular system,immune system,and metabolism were elucidated.Information in this review could be used to improve the understanding of oxidative derivatives of triglycerides and ultimately improve academic and industrial strategies for eliminating these compounds in thermal processing food systems.
文摘Background: Cutaneous oncology encompasses a broad range of skin malignancies, including melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), all of which pose significant global health challenges. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that melanoma incidence has increased by approximately 50% over the past three decades. While SCC and BCC are generally less aggressive than melanoma, they contribute significantly to the overall burden of skin cancer due to their high prevalence. Traditional treatment modalities for these malignancies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, have shown limitations in achieving durable responses and minimizing systemic toxicity. As a result, there is an increasing need for more effective and less toxic treatment options. Immunotherapeutic strategies have emerged as a promising avenue in oncology, with the potential to revolutionize treatment approaches for cutaneous malignancies. Objectives: This literature review aims to undertake an in-depth examination of immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma, SCC, and BCC. Specifically, the review focuses on the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies, and emerging immunotherapies, assessing their impact on treatment outcomes, survival rates, and patient quality of life. Methods: A literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The search terms included “cutaneous oncology”, “immunotherapy”, “immune checkpoint inhibitors”, “adoptive cell therapy”, “melanoma”, “cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma”, and “basal cell carcinoma”. Peer-reviewed articles published in the last 10 years that reported clinical outcomes from immunotherapy-based treatments for cutaneous malignancies were included. The studies were reviewed and analyzed based on their reported clinical outcomes, including survival rates, adverse events, and quality of life metrics. Results: Our review identified significant advancements in immunotherapeutic strategies for cutaneous oncology. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab, demonstrated improved overall survival rates, particularly in melanoma patients. In addition, adoptive cell therapies, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies, showed promise in managing both cutaneous SCC and BCC, with reported reductions in tumor burden and durable responses. Emerging immunotherapies, such as cancer vaccines and oncolytic viruses, are in early clinical trials but exhibit potential in enhancing antitumor immunity and expanding treatment options. Conclusions: Immunotherapeutic strategies represent a critical advancement in the management of cutaneous malignancies, offering improved outcomes compared to traditional therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies are already reshaping clinical practice, while emerging immunotherapies provide exciting avenues for future research. These therapies not only enhance survival rates but also reduce systemic toxicities, representing a transformative approach to treating skin cancer. Further research and clinical trials are needed to refine these strategies and expand their applicability to a broader patient population.
文摘The review provides an overview of the approaches, applications, and methods for ester prodrugs. Ester prodrugs are pharmacologically inactive compounds in their original form but become active drugs on biotransformation within the body, which offers advantages concerning the solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of the active drug. Several approaches of ester prodrugs have been reviewed in this review, including simple ester prodrugs, amino acid ester prodrugs, sugar ester prodrugs, lipid ester prodrugs, and polymeric ester prodrugs. This review incorporates in vitro and in vivo methods as well as the characterization of physical and chemical properties for ester prodrugs, cell culture systems, enzymatic assays, and animal models—all of these having a very important bearing on the evaluation of stability, bioavailability, and efficacy for ester prodrugs. While the benefits of using ester prodrugs are significant, there are also disadvantages like instability, poor or variable enzymatic hydrolysis, and toxicity from released promoieties or by-products. This review discusses solutions to the various limitations that include enhancing stability with ionizable promoieties and using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. The review also highlights the application of ester prodrugs in neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, and the ongoing efforts to address the critical limitations in treatment efficacy. Future prodrug strategies are poised to advance significantly by harnessing diverse transport mechanisms across the blood-brain barrier and integrating nanotechnology.
基金supported by the Start-Up Grant from China Pharmaceutical University(No.3154070046).
文摘Natural products derived from bacterial sources have long been pivotal in the discovery of drug leads.However,the cultivation of only about 1%of bacteria in laboratory settings has left a significant portion of biosynthetic diversity hidden within the genomes of uncultured bacteria.Advances in sequencing technologies now enable the exploration of genetic material from these metagenomes through culture-independent methods.This approach involves extracting genetic sequences from environmental DNA and applying a hybrid methodology that combines functional screening,sequence tag-based homology screening,and bioinformatic-assisted chemical synthesis.Through this process,numerous valuable natural products have been identified and synthesized from previously uncharted metagenomic territories.This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in the utilization of culture-independent techniques for the discovery of novel biosynthetic gene clusters and bioactive small molecules within metagenomic libraries.
文摘A case report entitled“Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction”recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases presented a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction and highlighted the atypical manner in which gastrointestinal tuberculosis(TB)can present.The literature with regards to this rare pathology is limited to case reports and case series with the largest being published using data from between 2003 and 2013.However,since then the diagnostic tools available have significantly changed with more modern and increasingly accurate tests now available.This editorial reviews the current state of the art with regards to diagnosis in gastrointestinal TB.
文摘It has become a trend of the city development in the world to build up the ecological city with an ecological system that is balanced in structure,high-efficient in service function.Taking Suzhou as a case,the authors believe that the construction of an ecological city is a process of the progressive and well-organized systematic development and of the ecological function consummation,which will require five stages to complete,including ecological hygiene,ecological security,ecological industry,ecological landscape,and ecological culture.The problems presently encountered in the construction of ecological city in Suzhou can be solved through the following approaches:(1) To rebuild the relationship between man and nature when the planning is worked out;(2) To observe the principle of ecology in city design;(3) To choose the local plant species in city afforestation;(4) To choose those plantlets with vigorous growth,good shape,and high survival rate,observing the growth rule of plant and paying much attention to forest landscape,ecological system and biological diversity,rationally allocating the plant species resources;(5) To aim at the implementation of the less-labor management even the zero-labor management.
文摘The large-scale optimization problem requires some optimization techniques, and the Metaheuristics approach is highly useful for solving difficult optimization problems in practice. The purpose of the research is to optimize the transportation system with the help of this approach. We selected forest vehicle routing data as the case study to minimize the total cost and the distance of the forest transportation system. Matlab software helps us find the best solution for this case by applying three algorithms of Metaheuristics: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Extended Great Deluge (EGD). The results show that GA, compared to ACO and EGD, provides the best solution for the cost and the length of our case study. EGD is the second preferred approach, and ACO offers the last solution.
文摘After analysis of characteristics of Bama rural health-caring tourism,it had highlighted monopolisticness of longevity culture,diversity of tourist resources,and harmony between human and nature.The paper pointed out that,to accelerate new countryside construction of Bama rural health-caring tourism,it should realize nearby employment and increase farmers' income;complete construction of rural basic facilities;ameliorate rural sanitary condition and transform villagers' thought;promote adjustment of rural industrial structure;and establish protection mechanism of longevous people.After survey on development of Bama rural tourism,it concluded bottlenecks restricting Bama rural tourism development,which were that environment at longevity area had suffered pollution;that the development was disordered and lacked of management;and that basic facilities waited for improvement.On this basis,approaches for improvement of competitiveness of Bama health-caring tourism had been proposed.It emphasized that it should enhance protection of longevity tourist resources,build farmhouse inn demonstration base,implement admittance system,establish community health-care system,beneficial to realizing economic,social and ecological benefits,and further manifesting its exuberant vitality.
基金Supported by "Eleventh Five Year" Planning Project of Jiangxi Social Science (10YJ92)"Eleventh Five Year" Planning Project of Jiangxi Social Science (10YJ55)~~
文摘After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been discussed.They relate to,interact on and are the precondition of each other.Reasonable landscape environment has carried people's expectation for nature,and different landscapes give people different feelings and present to be of different behavior features.Finally,the paper has proposed constructing low-carbon landscape in the perspective of landscape design idea,design methods,construction process and later management,providing a theoretical basis for advocating energy saving and environmental protection,and creating green ecology.
