The new millennium has witnessed the stunning growth of Chinese textile industry, China has become the largest textile producer and textile exporter in the world. With exports of Chinese textile products outnumbered t...The new millennium has witnessed the stunning growth of Chinese textile industry, China has become the largest textile producer and textile exporter in the world. With exports of Chinese textile products outnumbered those of all the other nations, various forms of trade frictions against Chinese textile products have arisen.展开更多
An efficient cadre appraisal system guarantees cadres of the Communist Party of China will serve the people wholeheartedly According to the Progress in A China’s Human Rights in 2009 white paper,there were more than ...An efficient cadre appraisal system guarantees cadres of the Communist Party of China will serve the people wholeheartedly According to the Progress in A China’s Human Rights in 2009 white paper,there were more than 2.9 million ethnic-minority cadres in China,accounting for 7.4展开更多
The nonlinearity of hedonic datasets demands flexible automated valuation models to appraise housing prices accurately,and artificial intelligence models have been employed in mass appraisal to this end.However,they h...The nonlinearity of hedonic datasets demands flexible automated valuation models to appraise housing prices accurately,and artificial intelligence models have been employed in mass appraisal to this end.However,they have been referred to as“blackbox”models owing to difficulties associated with interpretation.In this study,we compared the results of traditional hedonic pricing models with those of machine learning algorithms,e.g.,random forest and deep neural network models.Commonly implemented measures,e.g.,Gini importance and permutation importance,provide only the magnitude of each explanatory variable’s importance,which results in ambiguous interpretability.To address this issue,we employed the SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)method and explored its effectiveness through comparisons with traditionally explainable measures in hedonic pricing models.The results demonstrated that(1)the random forest model with the SHAP method could be a reliable instrument for appraising housing prices with high accuracy and sufficient interpretability,(2)the interpretable results retrieved from the SHAP method can be consolidated by the support of statistical evidence,and(3)housing characteristics and local amenities are primary contributors in property valuation,which is consistent with the findings of previous studies.Thus,our novel methodological framework and robust findings provide informative insights into the use of machine learning methods in property valuation based on the comparative analysis.展开更多
Objective:Through retrospective analysis of a case of occupational noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)diagnosis and two-grade appraisal,this study explores the causes of inconsistency between diagnosis and appraisal conc...Objective:Through retrospective analysis of a case of occupational noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)diagnosis and two-grade appraisal,this study explores the causes of inconsistency between diagnosis and appraisal conclusions,aiming to improve occupational health management.Methods:Data including occupational history,workplace noise exposure levels,pure-tone audiometry(PTA),and objective audiological tests were collected and analyzed.Results:Both municipal and provincial appraisals contradicted the initial diagnostic conclusion of“moderate occupational NIHL”.Conclusion:The diagnosis of occupational NIHL requires multidisciplinary expertise and is influenced by subjective factors.Appraisal institutions should adopt evidence-based approaches,integrate objective tests with PTA results,and comprehensively evaluate occupational exposure history to ensure scientific and impartial conclusions.展开更多
In Dagang Oilfield in China,the utilization of the KCl polymer water-based drilling fluid(WBDF) in middeep exploration/appraisal wells presents a challenge in simultaneously optimizing resistivity logging accuracy and...In Dagang Oilfield in China,the utilization of the KCl polymer water-based drilling fluid(WBDF) in middeep exploration/appraisal wells presents a challenge in simultaneously optimizing resistivity logging accuracy and wellbore stability.To address this,it is necessary to conduct geology-engineering integration studies.Based on the formation resistivity,an analytical model was developed to assess the impact of KCl concentration in the WBDF on array induction logging response accuracy.The maximum permissible KCl concentration for the target formations was determined,and technical strategies were proposed to maintain wellbore stability at a reduced KCl concentration.After that,considering the inhibitory,encapsulating,and plugging effects,a low-KCl-concentration WBDF was optimized and applied.Model calculations demonstrate that increasing KCl concentration in the WBDF decreases resistivity,thereby reducing logging accuracy.To maintain a logging accu racy of ≥80%,the upper limits for KCl concentration in the WBDF are 4.8%,4.2%,and 3.6% for the 3rd Member of the Dongying Formation,the 1st and 2nd members of the Shahejie Formation,respectively.Cuttings recovery experiments revealed that a minimum KCl concentration of 3% is required to ensure basic shale inhibition.A combination of 3% KCl with 1% polyamine inhibitor yielded cuttings recovery and shale stability index comparable to those achieved with 7% KCl alone,and the shale inhibition performance was further enhanced with the addition of an encapsulator.The optimized WBDF has been successfully deployed in exploration/appraisal wells across multiple blocks within Dagang Oilfield,resulting in superior wellbore stability during ope rations.Furthermore,the electric logging interpre tation coincidence rate improved from 68.1% to 89.9%,providing robust te chnical support for high-quality drilling and accurate reservoir evaluation in exploration/appraisal wells.展开更多
Objective To develop a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)based on their characteristics.Methods An extensive literature search was conducted in Chinese Biomedical Literature D...Objective To develop a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)based on their characteristics.Methods An extensive literature search was conducted in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and China Science and Technology Journal Database(CSTJ),focusing on expert consensus statements and check-lists for TCM case reports.Relevant items were extracted,and a Delphi method involving 34 experts was used in two rounds to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale.Items were screened based on measures of central tendency and coordination(including total score,mean score,percentage of items rated as unimportant,and coefficient of variation).The weighted average method was used to determine item weights and construct the appraisal tool.Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’sαcoefficient.The finalized tool was pilot-tested by two reviewers independently appraising 20 case reports,with an additional four reviewers evaluating 5 of these cases to compare inter-rater consistency.Results A total of 9513 articles were retrieved,and 96 items from 25 articles were extracted.After two rounds of the Delphi method,27 items across 10 domains were retained.The Cron-bach’sαcoefficient was 0.72 in the first round(acceptable range),and 0.96 in the second round,indicating strong internal consistency.The tool was piloted by six reviewers,achieving a kappa value of 0.663 and a Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.845,demonstrating high consistency among reviewers.Conclusion The developed TCM case report quality appraisal tool,consisting of 27 items in 10 domains,offers a scientific and reliable means of assessing the quality of TCM case reports.The tool showed high consistency and practical utility,and its application is expected to en-hance the standardization,scientific rigor,and evidence quality of TCM case reports,facilitat-ing the integration of traditional medical knowledge with modern evidence-based standards.展开更多
Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital com...Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital component of internal administration within these institutions.The integration of performance appraisal is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of HR management and facilitating the smooth operation of all institutional functions.Based on this premise,this article first briefly outlines the value of applying performance appraisal in the HR management of public institutions.It then explores strategies for implementing performance appraisal within this context,aiming to provide insights for promoting the sustained and healthy development of public institutions.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study wheat salt resistance appraisal indicators under the condition of saline water irrigation.[Method] A trial was conducted with five varieties irrigated with saline water at 1,2,4,6,and ...[Objective] The aim was to study wheat salt resistance appraisal indicators under the condition of saline water irrigation.[Method] A trial was conducted with five varieties irrigated with saline water at 1,2,4,6,and 8 g/L during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 in the research station of Dry-land Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences.With standardized indicators for measuring treatment,the response relations among different salt stress levels and winter wheat growth index were analyzed in this study.[Result] Under the condition of different salinity of irrigation,relative plant height after jointing stage,relative leaf area index,relative dry matter weight,relative ear number per unit area showed significant differences among treatments and yield showed significant correlation,which can be taken as salt-resistance examination index of wheat.[Conclusion] The results showed that the relative height after jointing stage was recommended as the most practical salt-tolerance appraisal indices,because it was easy to be observed and sensitive to salt stress.展开更多
The basic theory of the fast charge and several charge methods are introduced. In order to heighten charge efficiency of valve-regulated lead-acid battery and shorten the charge time, five charge methods are investiga...The basic theory of the fast charge and several charge methods are introduced. In order to heighten charge efficiency of valve-regulated lead-acid battery and shorten the charge time, five charge methods are investigated with experiments done on the Digatron BNT 400-050 test bench. Battery current, terminal voltage, capacity, energy and terminal pole temperature during battery experiment were recorded, and corresponding curves were depicted. Battery capacity-time ratio, energy efficiency and energy-temperature ratio are put forward to be the appraising criteria of lead-acid battery on electric vehicle （EV）. According to the appraising criteria and the battery curves, multistage-current/negative-pulse charge method is recommended to charge lead-acid EV battery.展开更多
Interpersonal function is one of the three metafunctions of language. This paper investigates the interpersonal meanings in Chinese cosmetic advertising discourse from mood, modality and appraise the three aspects. Ba...Interpersonal function is one of the three metafunctions of language. This paper investigates the interpersonal meanings in Chinese cosmetic advertising discourse from mood, modality and appraise the three aspects. Based on an exploratory study of data of six typical Chinese cosmetic advertising discourses, the paper claims that the distribution of mood and modality has close link with the interpersonal meaning in advertising. The Functional Grammar and Appraisal System help to reveal the interpersonal meanings of the discourse concerned.展开更多
High effect flocculant compound bacteria were screened out with the product bacteria of flocculant in soil. Their system appraising study shows that two were actionomyces and the other was microzyme among the three ba...High effect flocculant compound bacteria were screened out with the product bacteria of flocculant in soil. Their system appraising study shows that two were actionomyces and the other was microzyme among the three bacteria. According to nSrDNA, the three bacteria were marked at a molecule level and the system growth tree was established, ensuring the position of compound bacteria at the molecule level. The purificant which was made of the compound bacteria has spreading value because of its excellent clearing effect for organic and inorganic polluted water.展开更多
The study was conducted to evaluate 12 traits of 15 hybrid maize culti- vars using multi-factor comprehensive appraisal. The results showed that Xianyu 335, ND8 and ND2 were better than other cultivars in these agrono...The study was conducted to evaluate 12 traits of 15 hybrid maize culti- vars using multi-factor comprehensive appraisal. The results showed that Xianyu 335, ND8 and ND2 were better than other cultivars in these agronomic traits. Multi- factor comprehensive appraisal with simple computing, comprehensive and reason- able results is suitable to be used for evaluating the performance of hybrid maize cultivars in field.展开更多
In many cases, seismic appraisal of existing structures is carried out by the two step method and seismic strengthening of R.C. frame structures is solved just based on rough calculation or experience of designers, wh...In many cases, seismic appraisal of existing structures is carried out by the two step method and seismic strengthening of R.C. frame structures is solved just based on rough calculation or experience of designers, which may lead to either lack of safety or too conservative in design. According to some related criteria and experts experience, a computer program is developed specially for seismic appraisal and seismic strengthening of R.C. frames (not more than 10 storeys) in this paper. Because the progra...展开更多
In the past several decades,the cognitive skills in language learning have been put more attention to than emo-tions.While it should be noted that language learning often involves strong positive or negative emotions....In the past several decades,the cognitive skills in language learning have been put more attention to than emo-tions.While it should be noted that language learning often involves strong positive or negative emotions.Lack of positive emotionin language learning will lead to severe discount of the cognitive competence.This article is intended to discuss the influence ofemotion,especially self-esteem,on motivation in language learning from Schumann’s neurobiological perspective,and the implica-tion of self-esteem for language teaching—how to enhance learners’self-esteem,to promote their motivation,hence to guidethem to step into their next zone of proximal development in both academic performance and social skills and become whole per-sons responsible for our society.展开更多
文摘The new millennium has witnessed the stunning growth of Chinese textile industry, China has become the largest textile producer and textile exporter in the world. With exports of Chinese textile products outnumbered those of all the other nations, various forms of trade frictions against Chinese textile products have arisen.
文摘An efficient cadre appraisal system guarantees cadres of the Communist Party of China will serve the people wholeheartedly According to the Progress in A China’s Human Rights in 2009 white paper,there were more than 2.9 million ethnic-minority cadres in China,accounting for 7.4
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2025-16067531:Kwangwon Ahn)Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Research Fund(0f 2025:Sihyun An).
文摘The nonlinearity of hedonic datasets demands flexible automated valuation models to appraise housing prices accurately,and artificial intelligence models have been employed in mass appraisal to this end.However,they have been referred to as“blackbox”models owing to difficulties associated with interpretation.In this study,we compared the results of traditional hedonic pricing models with those of machine learning algorithms,e.g.,random forest and deep neural network models.Commonly implemented measures,e.g.,Gini importance and permutation importance,provide only the magnitude of each explanatory variable’s importance,which results in ambiguous interpretability.To address this issue,we employed the SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)method and explored its effectiveness through comparisons with traditionally explainable measures in hedonic pricing models.The results demonstrated that(1)the random forest model with the SHAP method could be a reliable instrument for appraising housing prices with high accuracy and sufficient interpretability,(2)the interpretable results retrieved from the SHAP method can be consolidated by the support of statistical evidence,and(3)housing characteristics and local amenities are primary contributors in property valuation,which is consistent with the findings of previous studies.Thus,our novel methodological framework and robust findings provide informative insights into the use of machine learning methods in property valuation based on the comparative analysis.
文摘Objective:Through retrospective analysis of a case of occupational noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)diagnosis and two-grade appraisal,this study explores the causes of inconsistency between diagnosis and appraisal conclusions,aiming to improve occupational health management.Methods:Data including occupational history,workplace noise exposure levels,pure-tone audiometry(PTA),and objective audiological tests were collected and analyzed.Results:Both municipal and provincial appraisals contradicted the initial diagnostic conclusion of“moderate occupational NIHL”.Conclusion:The diagnosis of occupational NIHL requires multidisciplinary expertise and is influenced by subjective factors.Appraisal institutions should adopt evidence-based approaches,integrate objective tests with PTA results,and comprehensively evaluate occupational exposure history to ensure scientific and impartial conclusions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52474024)the National Oil&Gas Major Project of China (2025ZD1403200)the Program for Scientific Research Innovation Team of Young Scholars in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province"Innovation Team of Deepwater Wellbore Fluids"(2022KJ069)。
文摘In Dagang Oilfield in China,the utilization of the KCl polymer water-based drilling fluid(WBDF) in middeep exploration/appraisal wells presents a challenge in simultaneously optimizing resistivity logging accuracy and wellbore stability.To address this,it is necessary to conduct geology-engineering integration studies.Based on the formation resistivity,an analytical model was developed to assess the impact of KCl concentration in the WBDF on array induction logging response accuracy.The maximum permissible KCl concentration for the target formations was determined,and technical strategies were proposed to maintain wellbore stability at a reduced KCl concentration.After that,considering the inhibitory,encapsulating,and plugging effects,a low-KCl-concentration WBDF was optimized and applied.Model calculations demonstrate that increasing KCl concentration in the WBDF decreases resistivity,thereby reducing logging accuracy.To maintain a logging accu racy of ≥80%,the upper limits for KCl concentration in the WBDF are 4.8%,4.2%,and 3.6% for the 3rd Member of the Dongying Formation,the 1st and 2nd members of the Shahejie Formation,respectively.Cuttings recovery experiments revealed that a minimum KCl concentration of 3% is required to ensure basic shale inhibition.A combination of 3% KCl with 1% polyamine inhibitor yielded cuttings recovery and shale stability index comparable to those achieved with 7% KCl alone,and the shale inhibition performance was further enhanced with the addition of an encapsulator.The optimized WBDF has been successfully deployed in exploration/appraisal wells across multiple blocks within Dagang Oilfield,resulting in superior wellbore stability during ope rations.Furthermore,the electric logging interpre tation coincidence rate improved from 68.1% to 89.9%,providing robust te chnical support for high-quality drilling and accurate reservoir evaluation in exploration/appraisal wells.
基金General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (82274412)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2020JJ4062)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2020RC2061)。
文摘Objective To develop a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)based on their characteristics.Methods An extensive literature search was conducted in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and China Science and Technology Journal Database(CSTJ),focusing on expert consensus statements and check-lists for TCM case reports.Relevant items were extracted,and a Delphi method involving 34 experts was used in two rounds to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale.Items were screened based on measures of central tendency and coordination(including total score,mean score,percentage of items rated as unimportant,and coefficient of variation).The weighted average method was used to determine item weights and construct the appraisal tool.Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’sαcoefficient.The finalized tool was pilot-tested by two reviewers independently appraising 20 case reports,with an additional four reviewers evaluating 5 of these cases to compare inter-rater consistency.Results A total of 9513 articles were retrieved,and 96 items from 25 articles were extracted.After two rounds of the Delphi method,27 items across 10 domains were retained.The Cron-bach’sαcoefficient was 0.72 in the first round(acceptable range),and 0.96 in the second round,indicating strong internal consistency.The tool was piloted by six reviewers,achieving a kappa value of 0.663 and a Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.845,demonstrating high consistency among reviewers.Conclusion The developed TCM case report quality appraisal tool,consisting of 27 items in 10 domains,offers a scientific and reliable means of assessing the quality of TCM case reports.The tool showed high consistency and practical utility,and its application is expected to en-hance the standardization,scientific rigor,and evidence quality of TCM case reports,facilitat-ing the integration of traditional medical knowledge with modern evidence-based standards.
文摘Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital component of internal administration within these institutions.The integration of performance appraisal is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of HR management and facilitating the smooth operation of all institutional functions.Based on this premise,this article first briefly outlines the value of applying performance appraisal in the HR management of public institutions.It then explores strategies for implementing performance appraisal within this context,aiming to provide insights for promoting the sustained and healthy development of public institutions.
基金Bohai Granary Technology Demonstration Project (2013BAD05B0203)Medium and Low-yield Farmland Improvement Science and Technology Project (2012BAD05B0205)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study wheat salt resistance appraisal indicators under the condition of saline water irrigation.[Method] A trial was conducted with five varieties irrigated with saline water at 1,2,4,6,and 8 g/L during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 in the research station of Dry-land Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences.With standardized indicators for measuring treatment,the response relations among different salt stress levels and winter wheat growth index were analyzed in this study.[Result] Under the condition of different salinity of irrigation,relative plant height after jointing stage,relative leaf area index,relative dry matter weight,relative ear number per unit area showed significant differences among treatments and yield showed significant correlation,which can be taken as salt-resistance examination index of wheat.[Conclusion] The results showed that the relative height after jointing stage was recommended as the most practical salt-tolerance appraisal indices,because it was easy to be observed and sensitive to salt stress.
基金the National "863" Program Project (2004AA501970)
文摘The basic theory of the fast charge and several charge methods are introduced. In order to heighten charge efficiency of valve-regulated lead-acid battery and shorten the charge time, five charge methods are investigated with experiments done on the Digatron BNT 400-050 test bench. Battery current, terminal voltage, capacity, energy and terminal pole temperature during battery experiment were recorded, and corresponding curves were depicted. Battery capacity-time ratio, energy efficiency and energy-temperature ratio are put forward to be the appraising criteria of lead-acid battery on electric vehicle （EV）. According to the appraising criteria and the battery curves, multistage-current/negative-pulse charge method is recommended to charge lead-acid EV battery.
文摘Interpersonal function is one of the three metafunctions of language. This paper investigates the interpersonal meanings in Chinese cosmetic advertising discourse from mood, modality and appraise the three aspects. Based on an exploratory study of data of six typical Chinese cosmetic advertising discourses, the paper claims that the distribution of mood and modality has close link with the interpersonal meaning in advertising. The Functional Grammar and Appraisal System help to reveal the interpersonal meanings of the discourse concerned.
基金the "973" Project of China ( No 2004CB418505) Innovation Foundation of Jilin University ( No419070200045)
文摘High effect flocculant compound bacteria were screened out with the product bacteria of flocculant in soil. Their system appraising study shows that two were actionomyces and the other was microzyme among the three bacteria. According to nSrDNA, the three bacteria were marked at a molecule level and the system growth tree was established, ensuring the position of compound bacteria at the molecule level. The purificant which was made of the compound bacteria has spreading value because of its excellent clearing effect for organic and inorganic polluted water.
基金Supported by the Fund of Development and Industrialization of New Maize Cultivar 702(131100110100)~~
文摘The study was conducted to evaluate 12 traits of 15 hybrid maize culti- vars using multi-factor comprehensive appraisal. The results showed that Xianyu 335, ND8 and ND2 were better than other cultivars in these agronomic traits. Multi- factor comprehensive appraisal with simple computing, comprehensive and reason- able results is suitable to be used for evaluating the performance of hybrid maize cultivars in field.
文摘In many cases, seismic appraisal of existing structures is carried out by the two step method and seismic strengthening of R.C. frame structures is solved just based on rough calculation or experience of designers, which may lead to either lack of safety or too conservative in design. According to some related criteria and experts experience, a computer program is developed specially for seismic appraisal and seismic strengthening of R.C. frames (not more than 10 storeys) in this paper. Because the progra...
文摘In the past several decades,the cognitive skills in language learning have been put more attention to than emo-tions.While it should be noted that language learning often involves strong positive or negative emotions.Lack of positive emotionin language learning will lead to severe discount of the cognitive competence.This article is intended to discuss the influence ofemotion,especially self-esteem,on motivation in language learning from Schumann’s neurobiological perspective,and the implica-tion of self-esteem for language teaching—how to enhance learners’self-esteem,to promote their motivation,hence to guidethem to step into their next zone of proximal development in both academic performance and social skills and become whole per-sons responsible for our society.
