Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,an...Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies alway...Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies always focused on the Eucommia gum,a potential alternative to natural rubber because of its“rubber plastic duality”.In recent years,Eucommia has increasingly attracted more attention and interest for its excellent nutritional and economic value,with the deepening of research and the development of products involving in the application of bioactive ingredients.However,the dietary health effects and future application prospects of the bioactive components of E.ulmoides have not been systematically summarized.Therefore,we firstly reviewed the main bioactive ingredients category,structural characteristics,extraction methods and nutritive value.Furthermore,we also summarized the wide application of bioactive ingredients in food and medicine fields.Finally,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the safety and future development of products derived from E.ulmoides,as well as exploring potential applications for its bioactive constituents,aiming to facilitate further extensive investigation into its utilization.展开更多
The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This rev...The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.展开更多
ABSTRACT Melt electrowriting(MEW)enables the precise deposition of polymeric fibers at micro-/nanoscale,allowing for the fabrication of 3D biomimetic scaffolds.By incorporating stimuli-responsive polymers and/or funct...ABSTRACT Melt electrowriting(MEW)enables the precise deposition of polymeric fibers at micro-/nanoscale,allowing for the fabrication of 3D biomimetic scaffolds.By incorporating stimuli-responsive polymers and/or functional fillers,MEW-based 4D printing creates scaffolds capable of undergoing controlled,reversible shape transformations in response to external stimuli over time.These dynamic 4D scaffolds can be tailored for minimally invasive delivery,remote actuation,and real-time responsiveness to physiological environments,making them highly relevant for biomedical applications.This review systematically elucidates the principles of MEW-based 4D printing,including material considerations,actuation methods,and structure design strategies,along with shape programming and morphing mechanisms.The versatility of MEW for rational fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds is firstly introduced.Subsequently,the critical elements underpinning MEW-based 4D printing process are overviewed,including an analysis of stimuli-responsive materials compatible with MEW,an evaluation of applicable external stimuli,and a discussion on the advancements in design strategies for 4D scaffolds.Recent progress of MEW 4D scaffolds for applications in tissue engineering,biomedical implants,and drug delivery systems are highlighted.Finally,key challenges and perspectives toward material innovation,fabrication optimization,and actuation control are discussed.This review aims to provide valuable insights for design and creation of multifunctional biomimetic dynamic scaffolds by MEW-based 4D printing.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinic...This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
Radiance field-based 3D reconstruction has emerged as a transformative research direction due to its remarkable efficiency and quality.This paper presents a systematic analysis of representation models,reconstruction ...Radiance field-based 3D reconstruction has emerged as a transformative research direction due to its remarkable efficiency and quality.This paper presents a systematic analysis of representation models,reconstruction methodologies,and future applications in this field.We start from an overview of multi-view 3D reconstruction tasks,then focus on the key issue:how to represent 3D content effectively.Radiance fields are highlighted for their flexibility and representational completeness.Distinguished from the existing review literature,we adopt a multi-dimensional comparison between neural radiance fields(Ne RF)and 3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)to develop a unified and in-depth understanding of the radiance field-based approach.Beyond the initial goal of novel view synthesis(NVS),recent breakthroughs in geometry extraction are summarized.Finally,we explore potential applications across areas such as robot localization and mapping,virtual reality,physical simulation,and stereo display.Empowered by the flexible 3D representation within the radiance field-based paradigm,the latest advancements strive to push the boundaries and overcome long-standing bottlenecks in related domains.展开更多
Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their ...Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their biodegradability.In comparison,the researches on the latter ones are currently receiving more and more interests.This paper explores recent research advancements in Mg-based materials in these fields especially within recent 4 years in Germany.展开更多
This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which w...This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BC...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as fre...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.展开更多
Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based ...Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based LMs exhibit minimal cytotoxicity,low viscosity,high thermal and electrical conductivities,and excellent wettability.Therefore,Ga-based LM composites(LMCs)have emerged as a recent research focus.Recent advancements have focused on novel fabrication techniques and applications spanning energy storage,flexible electronics,and biomedical devices.Particularly noteworthy are the developments in wearable sensors and electronic skins,which hold promise for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interfaces.Despite their potential,challenges,such as oxidative susceptibil-ity and biocompatibility,remain.Creating bio-based LMC materials is a promising approach to address these issues while exploring new avenues to optimize LMC performance and broaden its application domains.This review provides a concise overview of the recent trends in LMC research,highlights their transformative impacts,and outlines key directions for future investigation and development.展开更多
Today,energy is essential for every aspect of human life,including clothing,food,housing and transportation.However,traditional energy resources are insufficient to meet our modern needs.Self-powered sensing devices e...Today,energy is essential for every aspect of human life,including clothing,food,housing and transportation.However,traditional energy resources are insufficient to meet our modern needs.Self-powered sensing devices emerge as promising alternatives,offering sustained operation without relying on external power sources.Leveraging advancements in materials and manufacturing research,these devices can autonomously harvest energy from various sources.In this review,we focus on the current landscape of self-powered wearable sensors,providing a concise overview of energy harvesting technologies,conversion mechanisms,structural or material innovations,and energy storage platforms.Then,we present experimental advances in different energy sources,showing their underlying mechanisms,and the potential for energy acquisition.Furthermore,we discuss the applications of self-powered flexible sensors in diverse fields such as medicine,sports,and food.Despite significant progress in this field,widespread commercialization will necessitate enhanced sensor detection abilities,improved design factors for adaptable devices,and a balance between sensitivity and standardization.展开更多
Flexible photodetectors have garnered significant attention by virtue of their potential applications in environmental monitoring,wearable healthcare,imaging sensing,and portable optical communications.Perovskites sta...Flexible photodetectors have garnered significant attention by virtue of their potential applications in environmental monitoring,wearable healthcare,imaging sensing,and portable optical communications.Perovskites stand out as particularly promising materials for photodetectors,offering exceptional optoelectronic properties,tunable band gaps,low-temperature solution processing,and notable mechanical flexibility.In this review,we explore the latest progress in flexible perovskite photodetectors,emphasizing the strategies developed for photoactive materials and device structures to enhance optoelectronic performance and stability.Additionally,we discuss typical applications of these devices and offer insights into future directions and potential applications.展开更多
Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptabilit...Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptability and safety.Various materials and actuation strategies have been developed for creating soft robots,among which,ferromagnetic soft materials that self-actuate in response to external magnetic fields have attracted worldwide attention due to their remote controllability and excellent compatibil-ity with biological tissues.This review presents comprehensive and systematic research advancements in the design,fabrication,and applications of ferromagnetic soft materials for miniature robots,providing in-sights into their potential use in biomedical fields and beyond.The programming strategies of ferromag-netic soft materials are summarized and classified,including mold-assisted programming,3D printing-assisted programming,microassembly-assisted programming,and magnetization reprogramming.Each approach possesses unique advantages in manipulating the magnetic responsiveness of ferromagnetic soft materials to achieve outstanding actuation and deformation performances.We then discuss the biomedi-cal applications of ferromagnetic soft material-based soft robots(e.g.,minimally invasive surgery,targeted delivery,and tissue engineering),highlighting their potentials in revolutionizing biomedical technologies.This review also points out the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions,which we hope can serve as a useful reference for the development of next-generation adaptive miniature robots.展开更多
Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a...Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a review of its recent developments and applications,but also provides arguments for its efficacy in resolving optimization problems in comparison with other algorithms.Covering six strategic areas,which include Data Mining,Machine Learning,Engineering Design,Energy Systems,Healthcare,and Robotics,the study demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of the PSO.Experimental results are,however,used to show the strong and weak parts of PSO,and performance results are included in tables for ease of comparison.The results stress PSO’s efficiency in providing optimal solutions but also show that there are aspects that need to be improved through combination with algorithms or tuning to the parameters of the method.The review of the advantages and limitations of PSO is intended to provide academics and practitioners with a well-rounded view of the methods of employing such a tool most effectively and to encourage optimized designs of PSO in solving theoretical and practical problems in the future.展开更多
Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for ...Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A2079,22272003,22301013)the Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KZ20231000506)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3810800)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M770117,GZC20250088)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs),as emerging zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials,demonstrate immense potential across optical displays,bioimaging,chemical sensing,information anti-counterfeiting,and optoelectronic devices.This promise stems from their exceptional tunable photoluminescence,low toxicity,biocompatibility,and abundant raw material sources.Since their discovery,research has centered on resolving controversies regarding classification,formation mechanism,microstructure,and luminescence principles while achieving controllable optoelectronic properties.Applications have evolved from basic fluorescent labeling to advanced domains including multimodal theranostics,high-sensitivity(bio/chemical)sensing,stable optoelectronic devices,intelligent anticounterfeiting systems,and environmental/energy catalysis.Future challenges demand breakthroughs in structural homogeneity/scalable eco-fabrication,universal structure-opto/electronic-property models,stability/efficiency in complex environments,and multifunctional synergy(e.g.,photo-electro-catalysis).This comprehensive review systematically examines milestone advances in CDs research over the past decade—spanning synthesis methodologies,photo/electronic property modulation mechanisms,and innovative applications—while dissecting key challenges and envisioning future pathways as versatile intelligent nanoplatforms.
文摘Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201586 and 32301760)Key Specialized Research and Development Program in Henan Province(232102110218)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Research Start-Up Fund of Henan Province(HN2022112)Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University(30501318).
文摘Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies always focused on the Eucommia gum,a potential alternative to natural rubber because of its“rubber plastic duality”.In recent years,Eucommia has increasingly attracted more attention and interest for its excellent nutritional and economic value,with the deepening of research and the development of products involving in the application of bioactive ingredients.However,the dietary health effects and future application prospects of the bioactive components of E.ulmoides have not been systematically summarized.Therefore,we firstly reviewed the main bioactive ingredients category,structural characteristics,extraction methods and nutritive value.Furthermore,we also summarized the wide application of bioactive ingredients in food and medicine fields.Finally,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the safety and future development of products derived from E.ulmoides,as well as exploring potential applications for its bioactive constituents,aiming to facilitate further extensive investigation into its utilization.
文摘The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12302422,12572342)Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement ENSIGN(101086226),NanoRam(101120146)and L4DNANO(101086227).
文摘ABSTRACT Melt electrowriting(MEW)enables the precise deposition of polymeric fibers at micro-/nanoscale,allowing for the fabrication of 3D biomimetic scaffolds.By incorporating stimuli-responsive polymers and/or functional fillers,MEW-based 4D printing creates scaffolds capable of undergoing controlled,reversible shape transformations in response to external stimuli over time.These dynamic 4D scaffolds can be tailored for minimally invasive delivery,remote actuation,and real-time responsiveness to physiological environments,making them highly relevant for biomedical applications.This review systematically elucidates the principles of MEW-based 4D printing,including material considerations,actuation methods,and structure design strategies,along with shape programming and morphing mechanisms.The versatility of MEW for rational fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds is firstly introduced.Subsequently,the critical elements underpinning MEW-based 4D printing process are overviewed,including an analysis of stimuli-responsive materials compatible with MEW,an evaluation of applicable external stimuli,and a discussion on the advancements in design strategies for 4D scaffolds.Recent progress of MEW 4D scaffolds for applications in tissue engineering,biomedical implants,and drug delivery systems are highlighted.Finally,key challenges and perspectives toward material innovation,fabrication optimization,and actuation control are discussed.This review aims to provide valuable insights for design and creation of multifunctional biomimetic dynamic scaffolds by MEW-based 4D printing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374346)Double Hundred Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Medical and Health Talents of Wuxi City(BJ2023071)Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202358).
文摘This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62573019)。
文摘Radiance field-based 3D reconstruction has emerged as a transformative research direction due to its remarkable efficiency and quality.This paper presents a systematic analysis of representation models,reconstruction methodologies,and future applications in this field.We start from an overview of multi-view 3D reconstruction tasks,then focus on the key issue:how to represent 3D content effectively.Radiance fields are highlighted for their flexibility and representational completeness.Distinguished from the existing review literature,we adopt a multi-dimensional comparison between neural radiance fields(Ne RF)and 3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)to develop a unified and in-depth understanding of the radiance field-based approach.Beyond the initial goal of novel view synthesis(NVS),recent breakthroughs in geometry extraction are summarized.Finally,we explore potential applications across areas such as robot localization and mapping,virtual reality,physical simulation,and stereo display.Empowered by the flexible 3D representation within the radiance field-based paradigm,the latest advancements strive to push the boundaries and overcome long-standing bottlenecks in related domains.
文摘Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their biodegradability.In comparison,the researches on the latter ones are currently receiving more and more interests.This paper explores recent research advancements in Mg-based materials in these fields especially within recent 4 years in Germany.
文摘This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF1200602)the National Science Fund for Excellent Overseas Scholars(0401260011)+3 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences(c02022088)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(20JCZDJC00810)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202798)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1404200).
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.
基金Xiamen Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22279107,22288102。
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.
基金supported by the GRDC(Global Research Development Center)Cooperative Hub Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(No.RS-2023-00257595).
文摘Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based LMs exhibit minimal cytotoxicity,low viscosity,high thermal and electrical conductivities,and excellent wettability.Therefore,Ga-based LM composites(LMCs)have emerged as a recent research focus.Recent advancements have focused on novel fabrication techniques and applications spanning energy storage,flexible electronics,and biomedical devices.Particularly noteworthy are the developments in wearable sensors and electronic skins,which hold promise for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interfaces.Despite their potential,challenges,such as oxidative susceptibil-ity and biocompatibility,remain.Creating bio-based LMC materials is a promising approach to address these issues while exploring new avenues to optimize LMC performance and broaden its application domains.This review provides a concise overview of the recent trends in LMC research,highlights their transformative impacts,and outlines key directions for future investigation and development.
基金supported by the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Tumour Energy Therapy Technology and Equipment。
文摘Today,energy is essential for every aspect of human life,including clothing,food,housing and transportation.However,traditional energy resources are insufficient to meet our modern needs.Self-powered sensing devices emerge as promising alternatives,offering sustained operation without relying on external power sources.Leveraging advancements in materials and manufacturing research,these devices can autonomously harvest energy from various sources.In this review,we focus on the current landscape of self-powered wearable sensors,providing a concise overview of energy harvesting technologies,conversion mechanisms,structural or material innovations,and energy storage platforms.Then,we present experimental advances in different energy sources,showing their underlying mechanisms,and the potential for energy acquisition.Furthermore,we discuss the applications of self-powered flexible sensors in diverse fields such as medicine,sports,and food.Despite significant progress in this field,widespread commercialization will necessitate enhanced sensor detection abilities,improved design factors for adaptable devices,and a balance between sensitivity and standardization.
基金supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC2505900support from State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology 202401030303.
文摘Flexible photodetectors have garnered significant attention by virtue of their potential applications in environmental monitoring,wearable healthcare,imaging sensing,and portable optical communications.Perovskites stand out as particularly promising materials for photodetectors,offering exceptional optoelectronic properties,tunable band gaps,low-temperature solution processing,and notable mechanical flexibility.In this review,we explore the latest progress in flexible perovskite photodetectors,emphasizing the strategies developed for photoactive materials and device structures to enhance optoelectronic performance and stability.Additionally,we discuss typical applications of these devices and offer insights into future directions and potential applications.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFE0208700)National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.92163109 and 52072095)+7 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.RCJC20231211090000001,GXWD20231129101105001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205590)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220834)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(No.RF1028623098)the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems(HIT)(No.SKLRS-2024-KF-11)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202348)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515011491)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Nos.GXWD20220818224716001,KJZD20231023100302006).
文摘Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptability and safety.Various materials and actuation strategies have been developed for creating soft robots,among which,ferromagnetic soft materials that self-actuate in response to external magnetic fields have attracted worldwide attention due to their remote controllability and excellent compatibil-ity with biological tissues.This review presents comprehensive and systematic research advancements in the design,fabrication,and applications of ferromagnetic soft materials for miniature robots,providing in-sights into their potential use in biomedical fields and beyond.The programming strategies of ferromag-netic soft materials are summarized and classified,including mold-assisted programming,3D printing-assisted programming,microassembly-assisted programming,and magnetization reprogramming.Each approach possesses unique advantages in manipulating the magnetic responsiveness of ferromagnetic soft materials to achieve outstanding actuation and deformation performances.We then discuss the biomedi-cal applications of ferromagnetic soft material-based soft robots(e.g.,minimally invasive surgery,targeted delivery,and tissue engineering),highlighting their potentials in revolutionizing biomedical technologies.This review also points out the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions,which we hope can serve as a useful reference for the development of next-generation adaptive miniature robots.
文摘Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a review of its recent developments and applications,but also provides arguments for its efficacy in resolving optimization problems in comparison with other algorithms.Covering six strategic areas,which include Data Mining,Machine Learning,Engineering Design,Energy Systems,Healthcare,and Robotics,the study demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of the PSO.Experimental results are,however,used to show the strong and weak parts of PSO,and performance results are included in tables for ease of comparison.The results stress PSO’s efficiency in providing optimal solutions but also show that there are aspects that need to be improved through combination with algorithms or tuning to the parameters of the method.The review of the advantages and limitations of PSO is intended to provide academics and practitioners with a well-rounded view of the methods of employing such a tool most effectively and to encourage optimized designs of PSO in solving theoretical and practical problems in the future.
基金supported by the POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center program funded by POSCOthe National Research Foundation(NRF)grants(RS-2022-NR067559,RS-2023-00302586)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)of the Korean government.
文摘Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.
