This paper presents a cost-effective driving system for automotive applications based on a double rotor electrically excited flux switching machine(FSM).Benefiting from a double rotor topology,this FSM can realize a d...This paper presents a cost-effective driving system for automotive applications based on a double rotor electrically excited flux switching machine(FSM).Benefiting from a double rotor topology,this FSM can realize a drum winding design and thus winding ends are effectively shorten and the copper loss is mitigated.The machine structure,operation principle and design consideration are studied and further verified by time-stepping finite element method.Moreover,three topologies of drive circuit for the proposed FSM are introduced.By using electromagnetic-circuit coupling simulation,a comparison between three different three drive systems are performed,with focus on the system cost and overall electromagnetic performance,especially the effect of current control and torque ripple.A prototype is established and tested.Relevant experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed new FSM drive system.展开更多
In recent years,the utilization of manure resources for livestock and poultry farming has attracted a widespread attention,and manure resources utilization models suitable for different regional characteristics have f...In recent years,the utilization of manure resources for livestock and poultry farming has attracted a widespread attention,and manure resources utilization models suitable for different regional characteristics have formed gradually.Among them,the production of organic fertilizer from animal manure is a vital utilization method.However,there are still some problems such as high production costs,difficult sales,and the unwillingness of farmers to use organic fertilizers which have affected the breeding cycle and the sustainability of manure treatment in livestock and poultry breeding.This article selected 371 organic fertilizer plants,related farms and farmers in China,focusing on the main links of the entire process of livestock manure-organic fertilizer-farm application,and studied the mode of animal manure collection by organic fertilizer plants.The costs of organic fertilizer production and farmland application were discussed.Moreover,suggestions were made for the promotion and implementation of large-scale organic fertilizers to make good utilization of manure resources in livestock and poultry farming.展开更多
Costly College Application Consultations Reflect Social Anxieties China Newsweek June 13,2025 Splashing out at least 10,000 yuan(US$1,393)on consultations for college applications for their children,parents,anxieties ...Costly College Application Consultations Reflect Social Anxieties China Newsweek June 13,2025 Splashing out at least 10,000 yuan(US$1,393)on consultations for college applications for their children,parents,anxieties are a reflection of prevalent social worries about education and employment.Since 2014,college applicants have been urged to prioritize their preferred major.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Government under Project PolyU 152509/16E,1ZE5P,and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51707171.
文摘This paper presents a cost-effective driving system for automotive applications based on a double rotor electrically excited flux switching machine(FSM).Benefiting from a double rotor topology,this FSM can realize a drum winding design and thus winding ends are effectively shorten and the copper loss is mitigated.The machine structure,operation principle and design consideration are studied and further verified by time-stepping finite element method.Moreover,three topologies of drive circuit for the proposed FSM are introduced.By using electromagnetic-circuit coupling simulation,a comparison between three different three drive systems are performed,with focus on the system cost and overall electromagnetic performance,especially the effect of current control and torque ripple.A prototype is established and tested.Relevant experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed new FSM drive system.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0800800).
文摘In recent years,the utilization of manure resources for livestock and poultry farming has attracted a widespread attention,and manure resources utilization models suitable for different regional characteristics have formed gradually.Among them,the production of organic fertilizer from animal manure is a vital utilization method.However,there are still some problems such as high production costs,difficult sales,and the unwillingness of farmers to use organic fertilizers which have affected the breeding cycle and the sustainability of manure treatment in livestock and poultry breeding.This article selected 371 organic fertilizer plants,related farms and farmers in China,focusing on the main links of the entire process of livestock manure-organic fertilizer-farm application,and studied the mode of animal manure collection by organic fertilizer plants.The costs of organic fertilizer production and farmland application were discussed.Moreover,suggestions were made for the promotion and implementation of large-scale organic fertilizers to make good utilization of manure resources in livestock and poultry farming.
文摘Costly College Application Consultations Reflect Social Anxieties China Newsweek June 13,2025 Splashing out at least 10,000 yuan(US$1,393)on consultations for college applications for their children,parents,anxieties are a reflection of prevalent social worries about education and employment.Since 2014,college applicants have been urged to prioritize their preferred major.
