Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women in the United States,with poor response to current standard of care,short progression-free and overall survival.Immunotherapies th...Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women in the United States,with poor response to current standard of care,short progression-free and overall survival.Immunotherapies that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4,programmed cell death protein-1,and programmed death-ligand 1 checkpoints have shown remarkable activities in several cancers such as melanoma,renal cell carcinoma,and nonsmall cell lung cancer due to high numbers of somatic mutations,combined with cytotoxic T-cell responses.However,single checkpoint blockade was ineffective in pancreatic cancer,highlighting the challenges including the poor antigenicity,a dense desmoplastic stroma,and a largely immunosuppressive microenvironment.In this review,we will summarize available clinical results and ongoing efforts of combining immune checkpoint therapies with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and targeted therapy.These combination therapies hold promise in unleashing the potential of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer to achieve better and more durable clinical responses by enhancing cytotoxic T-cell responses.展开更多
In recent years,studies have explored different combinations of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.The rationale behind these is the improved survival outcomes of new immunologic therapies used in first-line-treatment of ...In recent years,studies have explored different combinations of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.The rationale behind these is the improved survival outcomes of new immunologic therapies used in first-line-treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Moreover,for the most-studied combinations of anti-programed death-1(PD-1)/programed death ligand-1(PD-L1)with the addition of platinumbased chemotherapy,recent research is investigating whether combining different immunologic antitumoral mechanisms of action,such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4,or anti-PD-L1 and anti-TIGIT,with or without chemotherapy,can improve efficacy outcomes compared with more classical combinations,or compared with standard chemotherapy alone.Here,we present the data of the main randomized studies that have evaluated these combinations,focusing on the basic rationale behind the different combinations,and the efficacy and tolerability data available to date.展开更多
文摘Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women in the United States,with poor response to current standard of care,short progression-free and overall survival.Immunotherapies that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4,programmed cell death protein-1,and programmed death-ligand 1 checkpoints have shown remarkable activities in several cancers such as melanoma,renal cell carcinoma,and nonsmall cell lung cancer due to high numbers of somatic mutations,combined with cytotoxic T-cell responses.However,single checkpoint blockade was ineffective in pancreatic cancer,highlighting the challenges including the poor antigenicity,a dense desmoplastic stroma,and a largely immunosuppressive microenvironment.In this review,we will summarize available clinical results and ongoing efforts of combining immune checkpoint therapies with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and targeted therapy.These combination therapies hold promise in unleashing the potential of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer to achieve better and more durable clinical responses by enhancing cytotoxic T-cell responses.
文摘In recent years,studies have explored different combinations of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.The rationale behind these is the improved survival outcomes of new immunologic therapies used in first-line-treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Moreover,for the most-studied combinations of anti-programed death-1(PD-1)/programed death ligand-1(PD-L1)with the addition of platinumbased chemotherapy,recent research is investigating whether combining different immunologic antitumoral mechanisms of action,such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4,or anti-PD-L1 and anti-TIGIT,with or without chemotherapy,can improve efficacy outcomes compared with more classical combinations,or compared with standard chemotherapy alone.Here,we present the data of the main randomized studies that have evaluated these combinations,focusing on the basic rationale behind the different combinations,and the efficacy and tolerability data available to date.
