Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative...Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative activity.For the composition and structure of FLM,our results confirmed that ferulic acid glycoside(FerAG)was directly ester-linked with herbacetin diglucoside(HDG)or pinoresinol diglucoside(PDG),which might determine the beginning of FLM biosynthesis.Additionally,p-coumaric acid glycoside(CouAG)might determine the end of chain extension during FLM synthesis in fl axseed.FLM exhibited higher antioxidative activity in polar systems,as shown by its superior 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging capacity compared to the 2,2’-azinobis(3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnic acid)(ABTS)cation free radical scavenging capacity in non-polar systems.Moreover,the antioxidative activity of FLM was found to be highly dependent on its composition and structure.In particular,it was positively correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups(longer FLM chains)and inversely related to the steric hindrance at the ends(lower levels of FerAG and CouAG).These fi ndings verifi ed the potential application of FLM in nonpolar systems,particularly in functional food emulsions。展开更多
Six genistein lanthanide complexes, LnL_2 (OAc)·nH_2O [Ln=La(Ⅲ), Sm(Ⅲ), Eu(Ⅲ), Gd(Ⅲ), (Tb(Ⅲ),) Dy(Ⅲ); L=genistein; n=4, 7, 8] were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, (()~1...Six genistein lanthanide complexes, LnL_2 (OAc)·nH_2O [Ln=La(Ⅲ), Sm(Ⅲ), Eu(Ⅲ), Gd(Ⅲ), (Tb(Ⅲ),) Dy(Ⅲ); L=genistein; n=4, 7, 8] were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, (()~1H) NMR spectra and molar conductivity. The scavenging activity of genistein and five lanthanides complexes on the hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) was also investigated by spectrophotometric methods. The results show that the scavenging activity of the complexes is better than that of the ligand and their scavenging ability can be assembled in the following order: Sm>La>Dy>Eu>Tb>L.展开更多
Spermidine（Spd） is known to be involved in the regulation of plant responses to chilling stress and counteract the adverse effect of stress conditions.Antioxidant activities,endogenous hormones and ultrastructure ch...Spermidine（Spd） is known to be involved in the regulation of plant responses to chilling stress and counteract the adverse effect of stress conditions.Antioxidant activities,endogenous hormones and ultrastructure change under chilling stress were investigated in indica-japonica hybrid rice seedlings.12-d-old seedlings were subjected to exogenous Spd（1 mmol L^（-1）） and then a chilling stress（6℃,4 d） was induced,followed by a subsequent recovery（25℃,4 d）.Results showed that malondialdehyde（MDA） and proline content were enhanced significantly,whereas shoot fresh and dry weights decreased during chilling stress and after recovery;chlorophyll content of chilling-stressed seedlings increased slightly but declined after recovery;additionally,total soluble sugar,sucrose,fructose and starch contents increased significantly during chilling stress,and only soluble sugar and fructose contents were observed in increase after recovery;chilling stress-induced increases in superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT） activities,but declined after recovery,and the level of ascorbate peroxidase was lower during chilling stress and after recovery;however,endogenous indole-3-acetic acid（IAA）,zeatin riboside（ZR）,gibberellic acid（GA_3）,and abscisic acid（ABA） levels were induced decreased compared with Spd pretreatment.The microscopic analysis revealed that chilling stress-induced destruction of the chloroplast envelope during chilling stress and increased the number of plastoglobuli along with aberrations in thylakoid membranes after recovery.In contrast,exogenous Spd protected rice seedlings from chilling-induced injuries in terms of lower malondialdehyde,proline and carbohydrates accumulation coupled with increased endogenous hormones metabolism.After recovery,Spd pretreatment chilling-exposed seedlings showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and normal physiological function of chloroplasts.These results suggest that Spd could promote effectively chilling tolerance which might be largely attributable to the integrity of cell structure and normal metabolism of endogenous hormones in indica-japonica hybrid rice seedlings.展开更多
In order to study the coordination character of the rare earth elements with hydrazones and the antioxidative activity of the ligand and the complexes, 3,5 dibenzyloxybenzoyl 2,4 dihydroxybenzaldehyde hydrazone (H ...In order to study the coordination character of the rare earth elements with hydrazones and the antioxidative activity of the ligand and the complexes, 3,5 dibenzyloxybenzoyl 2,4 dihydroxybenzaldehyde hydrazone (H 2L), a new chelating ligand, and its six lanthanide complexes, Ln (HL)(OAc) 2· n H 2O [Ln=La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy; n =2, 4, 5], were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR and 1H NMR spectra, molar conductivity. The results show that the lanthanide ions are coordinated by O, O and N donors of the phenol (Ar OH) without deprotonation, the enol oxygen of the hydrazone group (NCO -) and the azomethine group (CH=N) from the ligand respectively, and by the four carboxylic oxygen from two acetate groups (CH 3COO -) in the bidentate form. The scavenging activity of the ligand and the six lanthanides complexes on the 2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals is also evaluated. The results show that both the ligand and the complexes have the scavenging activity on the DPPH radicals, and the scavenging activity of the complexes is better than the ligand.展开更多
Alcalase hydrolyzed protein from Anchovy under controlled condition, and the hydrolysates were rich in active peptides. The peptide content was determined by TCA-biuret method, and amino acid was determined by Ninhydr...Alcalase hydrolyzed protein from Anchovy under controlled condition, and the hydrolysates were rich in active peptides. The peptide content was determined by TCA-biuret method, and amino acid was determined by Ninhydrin. The antioxidative activity of the hydrolysates was investigated by measuring the reducing ability, the inhibition of lipoxygenase activity, and antioxidative ability in linoleic acid oxidation system. The hydrolysates exhibited high antioxidative activity. In addition, the hydrolysates scavenged 58.38% on hydroxyl radical and 46.88% on superoxide radical.展开更多
Protein hydrolysate prepared from fish and shrimp by-products were used to prepare a seasoning protein hydrolysate （SPH）. The effects of pasteurization and storage on total phenolic content （TPC）, DPPH radical sca...Protein hydrolysate prepared from fish and shrimp by-products were used to prepare a seasoning protein hydrolysate （SPH）. The effects of pasteurization and storage on total phenolic content （TPC）, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and color of the SPH were investigated. Pasteurization at 90 ℃ for 10 minutes led to a reduction of TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity and an increase of reducing power of solid fraction of SPH by about 30%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. Consequently it increased TPC DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power of the liquid phase by about 32%, 600%, and 100%, respectively. Storage at 28, 35, or 45 ℃ for 12 weeks altered color values and increased brownness intensity （OD420）. The storage led to an apparent increase of the TPC and antioxidative activity of the product. The results indicate the possibility of producing healthy appetizers from protein hydrolysate prepared from by-products of the seafood industry.展开更多
Thirteen novel diterpenoids,comprising seven tiglianes(walliglianes G−M,1−7),four rhamnofolanes(wallinofolanes A−D,8−11),and two daphnanes(wallaphnanes A and B,12 and 13),together with two known rhamnofolane diterpeno...Thirteen novel diterpenoids,comprising seven tiglianes(walliglianes G−M,1−7),four rhamnofolanes(wallinofolanes A−D,8−11),and two daphnanes(wallaphnanes A and B,12 and 13),together with two known rhamnofolane diterpenoids(euphorwallside H and euphorwallside I,14 and 15),were isolated and characterized from Euphorbia wallichii(E.wallichii).The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),mass spectrometry(MS),and quantum chemical calculations.Compounds 9 and 11 demonstrated protective effects against H2O2-induced BV-2 microglial cell damage.Molecular docking analyses indicated that compound 9 exhibited binding affinity to the anti-oxidant-related targets HMGCR,GSTP1,and SHBG.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant activity,and antioxidant-related gene expression in ducks.Total 48042-day-old female ducks wer...This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant activity,and antioxidant-related gene expression in ducks.Total 48042-day-old female ducks were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates and 20 ducks per replicate and fed the basal diet to the control group.The experimental groups were fed the basal diet with 400,600 and 800 mg·kg^(-1) guanidinoacetic acid,respectively.The trial lasted 48 days.Compared with the control group,(1)the body weight at 90 days and average daily gain were increased(P<0.05),the feed conservation ratio was decreased(P<0.05);(2)the dressing percentage and breast muscle percentage were increased(P<0.05);(3)the total amino acid content,polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids ratio were increased(P<0.05)in breast and thigh muscles;(4)activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme were increased(P<0.05)in thigh muscles;(5)the relative expressions of superoxide dismutase 1,glutathione peroxidase 1,and catalase were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the liver.In this study,the optimum dosage of 600 mg·kg^(-1) guanidinoacetic acid improved the growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant activity,and antioxidant-related gene expression in ducks.展开更多
Bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)derived from byproduct of animal product processing have been used to produce commercially valuable products due to their potential antioxidant activity.Maillard glycosylated reacti...Bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)derived from byproduct of animal product processing have been used to produce commercially valuable products due to their potential antioxidant activity.Maillard glycosylated reaction is considered as a promising method to enhance the antioxidant activity of peptides.Hence,this research aims at investigating the Maillard glycosylation activity and antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates from different sources.In this study,3 glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates were prepared and characterized,and cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity were analyzed and evaluated.The free amino groups loss,browning intensity,and fluorescence intensity of G-Cbcp(glycosylated chicken bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))were the heaviest,followed by G-Pbcp(glycosylated porcine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))and G-Bbcp(glycosylated bovine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)).The results of amino acid analysis showed that amino acid composition of different bone collagen hydrolysates was significantly different and the amino acid decreased to different degrees after Maillard glycosylated reaction,which may lead to differences in Maillard glycosylated reaction activity.Furthermore,the 3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed no significant cytotoxicity.The results showed that glycosylation process significantly increased the antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates,and G-Cbcp showed the strongest antioxidant activity,followed by G-Pbcp and G-Bbcp.Therefore,compared with the bone collagen hydrolysates,3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed significant characteristic and structural changes,and higher antioxidant activity.展开更多
This study investigated the antioxidant activity and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of the methanolic extract from Vangueria infausta fruits with the aim of exploring its therapeutic and nutritional applications. ...This study investigated the antioxidant activity and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of the methanolic extract from Vangueria infausta fruits with the aim of exploring its therapeutic and nutritional applications. Bioactive compounds such as total phenolics (TPC) and total alkaloids (TAC) were analyzed. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, Ferrozine, Phosphomolybdate, and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, while alpha-amylase inhibitory activity was determined using the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid (DNSA) and 2-chloro-p-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltotrioside (CNPG3) methods. The results revealed significant variations in antioxidant activity across the methods used, with IC50 values ranging from 318.42 to 1255.56 µg/mL. Alpha-amylase inhibition was also significant, with IC50 values ranging from 140.85 to 121.06 µg/mL. The TPC was found to be 95.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of dry powder, and the TAC was 0.188 mg of atropine equivalent per 100 g of dry powder. These findings suggest that Vangueria infausta possesses promising antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential, indicating its potential application in antioxidant therapies and in the management of carbohydrate digestion.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Amomum villosum Lour.[Methods]The removal rate of chelated iron ions,hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion free radicals and DPPH free radical...[Objectives]To study the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Amomum villosum Lour.[Methods]The removal rate of chelated iron ions,hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion free radicals and DPPH free radicals by the ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.was determined by UV spectrophotometer.[Results]0.5000μg/mL ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.had the strongest ability to chelate with ferrous ions and to remove hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion free radicals and DPPH free radicals.The ability to chelate with ferrous ions was 95.14%,and the removal rate of the above free radicals was 86.217%,81.44%,and 85.16%.[Conclusions]The ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.had a strong antioxidant effect,and its antioxidant capacity was related to the sample concentration,which provides a theoretical basis for its application in the development of antioxidant skin care products.展开更多
This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of A. rigidula extracts. It also aimed to identify phenolic acids present in the extracts. The 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoli...This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of A. rigidula extracts. It also aimed to identify phenolic acids present in the extracts. The 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ferric thiocyanate lipid peroxidation antioxidant assays were performed. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify phenolic acids. There was no solvent effect on TPC nor on scavenging activities, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (p > 0.05) among solvent extracts. On the other hand, 1:1:3 water: acetone: methanol extract (10.22 mg GAE/g sample) had significantly higher reducing potential than 50% ethanol extract (EE) (9.259 mg GAE/g sample) (p < 0.05);but EE was not significantly different from 80% methanol extract (9.781 mg GAE/g sample) (p > 0.05). Phenolic fraction designated as fraction 4 had the highest antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) with 69.49% ABTS scavenging activity and FRAP reducing potential, 22.26 mg of GAE/g sample. DPPH scavenging activities of fractions 4 (55.59%) and 5 (55.64%) were significantly higher than the other fractions (p A. rigidula extracts contain gallic, caffeic, vanillic, p-coumaric, salicylic acids and vanillin.展开更多
Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this ...Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this study to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Antiviral Mixture(AM),and Comprehensive Linear Quantification Fingerprint Method(CLQFM)was used to process the data.Quantitative analysis of three active substances in TCM was conducted.A fivewavelength fusion fingerprint(FWFF)was developed,using second-order derivatives of UV spectral data to differentiate sample levels effectively.The combination of HPLC and UV spectrophotometry,along with electrochemical fingerprinting(ECFP),successfully evaluated total active substances.Ultimately,a multidimensional profiling analytical system for TCM was developed.展开更多
Macroalgae serve as a potential feedstock for fucoxanthin extraction.Fucoxanthin,a bioactive pigment found in the chloroplasts of marine algae,exhibits significant pharmacological properties.As a member of the caroten...Macroalgae serve as a potential feedstock for fucoxanthin extraction.Fucoxanthin,a bioactive pigment found in the chloroplasts of marine algae,exhibits significant pharmacological properties.As a member of the carotenoid family,fucoxanthin plays a crucial role in both the food and pharmaceutical industries.This research explores the effects of ultrasonics on the extraction of fucoxanthin from the marine macroalga Padina australis.In addition,various extraction techniques and the influence of solvents on the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from algae have been studied and compared.Using methanol,chloroform,and a combination of methanol and chloroform(1:1,v/v),conventional fucoxanthin extraction from Padina australis yielded 8.12 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass.However,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction resulted in a significantly higher yield of 16.9 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass,demonstrating that the use of ultrasonics enhances the extraction rate compared to conventional methods.Therefore,the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from Padina australis is highly dependent on ultrasonic-assisted extraction.The process conditions for the extraction were optimized to maximize the yield of fucoxanthin from seaweeds.The following parameters were selected for optimization studies:moisture content,particle size,mixing speed,extraction temperature,extraction duration,and solid-to-solvent ratio.The extracted fucoxanthin exhibited various biological activities,including antimicrobial and antioxidant properties,and its structure was elucidated through FTIR and NMR spectroscopy.Additionally,thin-layer chromatography of the crude algae extracts confirmed the presence of fucoxanthin in the marine algae.Given these findings,the optimized extraction process holds the potential for scaling up to large-scale fucoxanthin production.Fucoxanthin,as a potent pharmacological agent,offers promising applications in the treatment of various ailments.展开更多
[Objectives]Polysaccharide was extracted from Lactarius deliciosus by ultrasonic-assisted method to improve polysaccharide yield.[Methods]Five variables including extraction temperature,extraction time,ultrasonic powe...[Objectives]Polysaccharide was extracted from Lactarius deliciosus by ultrasonic-assisted method to improve polysaccharide yield.[Methods]Five variables including extraction temperature,extraction time,ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time and material-to-liquid ratio were selected for single factor experiments.The extraction process of L.deliciosus polysaccharide was optimized by response surface analysis,and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring its total reduction ability and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity.[Results]The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows:material-to-liquid ratio 1:35 g:ml,ultrasonic power 462 W,ultrasonic time 10 min,extraction time 110 min and extraction temperature 90℃.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of polysaccharide was(10.83±0.03)%.The antioxidant test results showed that when the mass concentration of L.deliciosus polysaccharide was 0.5 mg/ml,its absorbance and DPPH free radical scavenging rate reached their maximum values,which were 3.274%and 41.27%,respectively.The L.deliciosus polysaccharide had good antioxidant properties.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for further development and utilization of L.deliciosus polysaccharide in the future.展开更多
Oats(Avena sativa L.)are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds,serving as a roughage source for ruminants.This study investigated the impact of lactic acid bacteria(LAB),cellulase(M),and their combinations(LM)on t...Oats(Avena sativa L.)are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds,serving as a roughage source for ruminants.This study investigated the impact of lactic acid bacteria(LAB),cellulase(M),and their combinations(LM)on the fermentation quality and metabolic compounds of oat silage.Results demonstrated that all additive treatments significantly increased lactic acid content compared to the control group(P<0.05),with the lactic acid bacteria treatment group exhibiting the lowest pH value(P<0.05).Analysis of antioxidant activity and metabolites in oat silage over 60 days revealed 374 differential metabolites with 113 up-regulated and 261 down-regulated,and all treatment groups showing higher antioxidant activity than raw oat materials(P<0.05).Although no significant differences in antioxidant activity were observed among the various treatment groups in this experiment,notable changes in metabolic pathways were identified.Furthermore,two metabolites(carboxylic acids and derivatives and benzene and substituted derivatives)were identified through non-targeted metabolomics technology,both of which are strongly associated with the antioxidant activity of oat silage.This finding provides a theoretical basis for the efficient use of oat silage in animal husbandry.展开更多
[Objective] In order to study the relations among different positions, degrees of substitution and antioxidant ability. [Method] N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan （NOA, NOB and NOC）with various degrees of substitution （D...[Objective] In order to study the relations among different positions, degrees of substitution and antioxidant ability. [Method] N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan （NOA, NOB and NOC）with various degrees of substitution （DS）were obtained by etherizing chito-oligosacchaside. Their structure and substituted degree were characterized and their antioxldant activity to·OH was evaluated. [ Result] The IC50 s of NOA ,NOB and NOC were 0.15 ,0. 29 ,0. 23 mg/ml while their DSs of -NH2 position（DSN） were 0.51,0.29 and 0.38 and DSo were 0. 74 ,0. 84 ,0. 97respectively.[ Conclusion] With the increase of DSN ,antioxidant activity of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide to·OH was up.展开更多
The polysaccharides in yam bulbils were extracted, and their antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice were discussed. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides in yam bul...The polysaccharides in yam bulbils were extracted, and their antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice were discussed. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides in yam bulbils was signifi- cantly enhanced with the increase of concentration; they showed a strong scaveng- ing ability against DPPH. and .OH, and the scavenging ability was dose dependent to some extent; the scavenging rates reached 91.15% and 89.06% respectively when the dose reached 4.0 mg/ml; the polysaccharides in yam bulbils significantly educed the blood glucose in model rice, and the hypoglycemic effect of large-dose polysaccharides was more obvious. The polysaccharides in yam bulbils has good antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic effect, which provides a new source for devel- opment of safe and natural food antioxidants and blood sugar-lowering agents.展开更多
The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total ...The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content （TPC）, as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average ECs0 84.54 μg mL^-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL^-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC （24.87 mg GAE g^-1 DW）, and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient （rs） between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively （P〈0.05）. However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the structural and antioxidative properties of royal jelly protein(RJP)at different degrees of hydrolysis(DH)by partial enzymatic hydrolysis. RJP was hydrolyzed by alcala...The objective of this study was to investigate the structural and antioxidative properties of royal jelly protein(RJP)at different degrees of hydrolysis(DH)by partial enzymatic hydrolysis. RJP was hydrolyzed by alcalase for 0 min, 15 min, 1 h, 5 h and 8 h to obtain hydrolysates at DH of 5.34%, 11.65%, 15.19%, 21.38% and 23.91%, respectively. With the increased DH, the RJP hydrolysates showed elevated antioxidative activities. The molecular weight of RJP hydrolysates was significantly decreased but their primary backbone kept unchanged. Analysis of circular dichroism spectra revealed that the enzymolysis reduced the content of α-helix but increased the contents of β-sheet, β-turn and random coil. Meanwhile, the surface hydrophobicity and fluorescence intensity of RJP hydrolysates were decreased and a red shift occurred. As the enzymolysis continued, the surface morphology of RJP was gradually changed from a sheet-like structure into microparticles. Changes in antioxidative activities and structures generally followed a DH-dependent manner, however these changes became insignificant for samples at DH beyond 20%. Taking into consideration of both effectiveness and productivity, the optimum enzymatic duration was determined at 5 h.展开更多
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072267)supported by China Agriculture Research System of CRAS-14.
文摘Flaxseed lignan macromolecules(FLM)are a class of important secondary metabolites in fl axseed,which have been widely concerned due to their biological and pharmacological properties,especially for their antioxidative activity.For the composition and structure of FLM,our results confirmed that ferulic acid glycoside(FerAG)was directly ester-linked with herbacetin diglucoside(HDG)or pinoresinol diglucoside(PDG),which might determine the beginning of FLM biosynthesis.Additionally,p-coumaric acid glycoside(CouAG)might determine the end of chain extension during FLM synthesis in fl axseed.FLM exhibited higher antioxidative activity in polar systems,as shown by its superior 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging capacity compared to the 2,2’-azinobis(3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnic acid)(ABTS)cation free radical scavenging capacity in non-polar systems.Moreover,the antioxidative activity of FLM was found to be highly dependent on its composition and structure.In particular,it was positively correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups(longer FLM chains)and inversely related to the steric hindrance at the ends(lower levels of FerAG and CouAG).These fi ndings verifi ed the potential application of FLM in nonpolar systems,particularly in functional food emulsions。
文摘Six genistein lanthanide complexes, LnL_2 (OAc)·nH_2O [Ln=La(Ⅲ), Sm(Ⅲ), Eu(Ⅲ), Gd(Ⅲ), (Tb(Ⅲ),) Dy(Ⅲ); L=genistein; n=4, 7, 8] were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, (()~1H) NMR spectra and molar conductivity. The scavenging activity of genistein and five lanthanides complexes on the hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) was also investigated by spectrophotometric methods. The results show that the scavenging activity of the complexes is better than that of the ligand and their scavenging ability can be assembled in the following order: Sm>La>Dy>Eu>Tb>L.
基金supported by grants from the the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-01-09B)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Y13C130013)the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business of Central Public Research Institutes,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2012RG004-2)
文摘Spermidine（Spd） is known to be involved in the regulation of plant responses to chilling stress and counteract the adverse effect of stress conditions.Antioxidant activities,endogenous hormones and ultrastructure change under chilling stress were investigated in indica-japonica hybrid rice seedlings.12-d-old seedlings were subjected to exogenous Spd（1 mmol L^（-1）） and then a chilling stress（6℃,4 d） was induced,followed by a subsequent recovery（25℃,4 d）.Results showed that malondialdehyde（MDA） and proline content were enhanced significantly,whereas shoot fresh and dry weights decreased during chilling stress and after recovery;chlorophyll content of chilling-stressed seedlings increased slightly but declined after recovery;additionally,total soluble sugar,sucrose,fructose and starch contents increased significantly during chilling stress,and only soluble sugar and fructose contents were observed in increase after recovery;chilling stress-induced increases in superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT） activities,but declined after recovery,and the level of ascorbate peroxidase was lower during chilling stress and after recovery;however,endogenous indole-3-acetic acid（IAA）,zeatin riboside（ZR）,gibberellic acid（GA_3）,and abscisic acid（ABA） levels were induced decreased compared with Spd pretreatment.The microscopic analysis revealed that chilling stress-induced destruction of the chloroplast envelope during chilling stress and increased the number of plastoglobuli along with aberrations in thylakoid membranes after recovery.In contrast,exogenous Spd protected rice seedlings from chilling-induced injuries in terms of lower malondialdehyde,proline and carbohydrates accumulation coupled with increased endogenous hormones metabolism.After recovery,Spd pretreatment chilling-exposed seedlings showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and normal physiological function of chloroplasts.These results suggest that Spd could promote effectively chilling tolerance which might be largely attributable to the integrity of cell structure and normal metabolism of endogenous hormones in indica-japonica hybrid rice seedlings.
文摘In order to study the coordination character of the rare earth elements with hydrazones and the antioxidative activity of the ligand and the complexes, 3,5 dibenzyloxybenzoyl 2,4 dihydroxybenzaldehyde hydrazone (H 2L), a new chelating ligand, and its six lanthanide complexes, Ln (HL)(OAc) 2· n H 2O [Ln=La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy; n =2, 4, 5], were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR and 1H NMR spectra, molar conductivity. The results show that the lanthanide ions are coordinated by O, O and N donors of the phenol (Ar OH) without deprotonation, the enol oxygen of the hydrazone group (NCO -) and the azomethine group (CH=N) from the ligand respectively, and by the four carboxylic oxygen from two acetate groups (CH 3COO -) in the bidentate form. The scavenging activity of the ligand and the six lanthanides complexes on the 2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals is also evaluated. The results show that both the ligand and the complexes have the scavenging activity on the DPPH radicals, and the scavenging activity of the complexes is better than the ligand.
文摘Alcalase hydrolyzed protein from Anchovy under controlled condition, and the hydrolysates were rich in active peptides. The peptide content was determined by TCA-biuret method, and amino acid was determined by Ninhydrin. The antioxidative activity of the hydrolysates was investigated by measuring the reducing ability, the inhibition of lipoxygenase activity, and antioxidative ability in linoleic acid oxidation system. The hydrolysates exhibited high antioxidative activity. In addition, the hydrolysates scavenged 58.38% on hydroxyl radical and 46.88% on superoxide radical.
文摘Protein hydrolysate prepared from fish and shrimp by-products were used to prepare a seasoning protein hydrolysate （SPH）. The effects of pasteurization and storage on total phenolic content （TPC）, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and color of the SPH were investigated. Pasteurization at 90 ℃ for 10 minutes led to a reduction of TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity and an increase of reducing power of solid fraction of SPH by about 30%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. Consequently it increased TPC DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power of the liquid phase by about 32%, 600%, and 100%, respectively. Storage at 28, 35, or 45 ℃ for 12 weeks altered color values and increased brownness intensity （OD420）. The storage led to an apparent increase of the TPC and antioxidative activity of the product. The results indicate the possibility of producing healthy appetizers from protein hydrolysate prepared from by-products of the seafood industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82405016 and 82141216)the Project of Frontier Technology Platform for Research Projects of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education in 2024(No.LJ232410163056)+3 种基金"Select the best candidates to lead key research projects"of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Nos.XJB2022008 and XJB2023001)the Foundation of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Nos.X2023001-Talent and X2024002-Talent)the Young and Middle-aged Teacher Education Research Project in Fujian Province(No.JZ230023)the Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(No.2023L3014).
文摘Thirteen novel diterpenoids,comprising seven tiglianes(walliglianes G−M,1−7),four rhamnofolanes(wallinofolanes A−D,8−11),and two daphnanes(wallaphnanes A and B,12 and 13),together with two known rhamnofolane diterpenoids(euphorwallside H and euphorwallside I,14 and 15),were isolated and characterized from Euphorbia wallichii(E.wallichii).The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),mass spectrometry(MS),and quantum chemical calculations.Compounds 9 and 11 demonstrated protective effects against H2O2-induced BV-2 microglial cell damage.Molecular docking analyses indicated that compound 9 exhibited binding affinity to the anti-oxidant-related targets HMGCR,GSTP1,and SHBG.
基金Supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(322MS134)。
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant activity,and antioxidant-related gene expression in ducks.Total 48042-day-old female ducks were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates and 20 ducks per replicate and fed the basal diet to the control group.The experimental groups were fed the basal diet with 400,600 and 800 mg·kg^(-1) guanidinoacetic acid,respectively.The trial lasted 48 days.Compared with the control group,(1)the body weight at 90 days and average daily gain were increased(P<0.05),the feed conservation ratio was decreased(P<0.05);(2)the dressing percentage and breast muscle percentage were increased(P<0.05);(3)the total amino acid content,polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids ratio were increased(P<0.05)in breast and thigh muscles;(4)activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme were increased(P<0.05)in thigh muscles;(5)the relative expressions of superoxide dismutase 1,glutathione peroxidase 1,and catalase were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the liver.In this study,the optimum dosage of 600 mg·kg^(-1) guanidinoacetic acid improved the growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant activity,and antioxidant-related gene expression in ducks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101883)Fellowship China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M693902)National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project(CAAS-ASTIP-2022)。
文摘Bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)derived from byproduct of animal product processing have been used to produce commercially valuable products due to their potential antioxidant activity.Maillard glycosylated reaction is considered as a promising method to enhance the antioxidant activity of peptides.Hence,this research aims at investigating the Maillard glycosylation activity and antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates from different sources.In this study,3 glycosylated bone collagen hydrolysates were prepared and characterized,and cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity were analyzed and evaluated.The free amino groups loss,browning intensity,and fluorescence intensity of G-Cbcp(glycosylated chicken bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))were the heaviest,followed by G-Pbcp(glycosylated porcine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides))and G-Bbcp(glycosylated bovine bone collagen hydrolysates(peptides)).The results of amino acid analysis showed that amino acid composition of different bone collagen hydrolysates was significantly different and the amino acid decreased to different degrees after Maillard glycosylated reaction,which may lead to differences in Maillard glycosylated reaction activity.Furthermore,the 3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed no significant cytotoxicity.The results showed that glycosylation process significantly increased the antioxidant activity of bone collagen hydrolysates,and G-Cbcp showed the strongest antioxidant activity,followed by G-Pbcp and G-Bbcp.Therefore,compared with the bone collagen hydrolysates,3 glycosylated hydrolysates showed significant characteristic and structural changes,and higher antioxidant activity.
文摘This study investigated the antioxidant activity and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of the methanolic extract from Vangueria infausta fruits with the aim of exploring its therapeutic and nutritional applications. Bioactive compounds such as total phenolics (TPC) and total alkaloids (TAC) were analyzed. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, Ferrozine, Phosphomolybdate, and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, while alpha-amylase inhibitory activity was determined using the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid (DNSA) and 2-chloro-p-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltotrioside (CNPG3) methods. The results revealed significant variations in antioxidant activity across the methods used, with IC50 values ranging from 318.42 to 1255.56 µg/mL. Alpha-amylase inhibition was also significant, with IC50 values ranging from 140.85 to 121.06 µg/mL. The TPC was found to be 95.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of dry powder, and the TAC was 0.188 mg of atropine equivalent per 100 g of dry powder. These findings suggest that Vangueria infausta possesses promising antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory potential, indicating its potential application in antioxidant therapies and in the management of carbohydrate digestion.
基金Supported by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Planning Project for University Students in Guangxi Autonomous Region(S202210599128X).
文摘[Objectives]To study the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Amomum villosum Lour.[Methods]The removal rate of chelated iron ions,hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion free radicals and DPPH free radicals by the ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.was determined by UV spectrophotometer.[Results]0.5000μg/mL ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.had the strongest ability to chelate with ferrous ions and to remove hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion free radicals and DPPH free radicals.The ability to chelate with ferrous ions was 95.14%,and the removal rate of the above free radicals was 86.217%,81.44%,and 85.16%.[Conclusions]The ethyl acetate extract of A.villosum Lour.had a strong antioxidant effect,and its antioxidant capacity was related to the sample concentration,which provides a theoretical basis for its application in the development of antioxidant skin care products.
文摘This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of A. rigidula extracts. It also aimed to identify phenolic acids present in the extracts. The 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ferric thiocyanate lipid peroxidation antioxidant assays were performed. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify phenolic acids. There was no solvent effect on TPC nor on scavenging activities, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (p > 0.05) among solvent extracts. On the other hand, 1:1:3 water: acetone: methanol extract (10.22 mg GAE/g sample) had significantly higher reducing potential than 50% ethanol extract (EE) (9.259 mg GAE/g sample) (p < 0.05);but EE was not significantly different from 80% methanol extract (9.781 mg GAE/g sample) (p > 0.05). Phenolic fraction designated as fraction 4 had the highest antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) with 69.49% ABTS scavenging activity and FRAP reducing potential, 22.26 mg of GAE/g sample. DPPH scavenging activities of fractions 4 (55.59%) and 5 (55.64%) were significantly higher than the other fractions (p A. rigidula extracts contain gallic, caffeic, vanillic, p-coumaric, salicylic acids and vanillin.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81573586).
文摘Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this study to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Antiviral Mixture(AM),and Comprehensive Linear Quantification Fingerprint Method(CLQFM)was used to process the data.Quantitative analysis of three active substances in TCM was conducted.A fivewavelength fusion fingerprint(FWFF)was developed,using second-order derivatives of UV spectral data to differentiate sample levels effectively.The combination of HPLC and UV spectrophotometry,along with electrochemical fingerprinting(ECFP),successfully evaluated total active substances.Ultimately,a multidimensional profiling analytical system for TCM was developed.
文摘Macroalgae serve as a potential feedstock for fucoxanthin extraction.Fucoxanthin,a bioactive pigment found in the chloroplasts of marine algae,exhibits significant pharmacological properties.As a member of the carotenoid family,fucoxanthin plays a crucial role in both the food and pharmaceutical industries.This research explores the effects of ultrasonics on the extraction of fucoxanthin from the marine macroalga Padina australis.In addition,various extraction techniques and the influence of solvents on the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from algae have been studied and compared.Using methanol,chloroform,and a combination of methanol and chloroform(1:1,v/v),conventional fucoxanthin extraction from Padina australis yielded 8.12 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass.However,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction resulted in a significantly higher yield of 16.9 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass,demonstrating that the use of ultrasonics enhances the extraction rate compared to conventional methods.Therefore,the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from Padina australis is highly dependent on ultrasonic-assisted extraction.The process conditions for the extraction were optimized to maximize the yield of fucoxanthin from seaweeds.The following parameters were selected for optimization studies:moisture content,particle size,mixing speed,extraction temperature,extraction duration,and solid-to-solvent ratio.The extracted fucoxanthin exhibited various biological activities,including antimicrobial and antioxidant properties,and its structure was elucidated through FTIR and NMR spectroscopy.Additionally,thin-layer chromatography of the crude algae extracts confirmed the presence of fucoxanthin in the marine algae.Given these findings,the optimized extraction process holds the potential for scaling up to large-scale fucoxanthin production.Fucoxanthin,as a potent pharmacological agent,offers promising applications in the treatment of various ailments.
基金Supported by High-level Cultivation Project of Huanggang Normal University(201816703).
文摘[Objectives]Polysaccharide was extracted from Lactarius deliciosus by ultrasonic-assisted method to improve polysaccharide yield.[Methods]Five variables including extraction temperature,extraction time,ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time and material-to-liquid ratio were selected for single factor experiments.The extraction process of L.deliciosus polysaccharide was optimized by response surface analysis,and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring its total reduction ability and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity.[Results]The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows:material-to-liquid ratio 1:35 g:ml,ultrasonic power 462 W,ultrasonic time 10 min,extraction time 110 min and extraction temperature 90℃.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of polysaccharide was(10.83±0.03)%.The antioxidant test results showed that when the mass concentration of L.deliciosus polysaccharide was 0.5 mg/ml,its absorbance and DPPH free radical scavenging rate reached their maximum values,which were 3.274%and 41.27%,respectively.The L.deliciosus polysaccharide had good antioxidant properties.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for further development and utilization of L.deliciosus polysaccharide in the future.
基金supported by the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(No.CARS-07-E-3).
文摘Oats(Avena sativa L.)are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds,serving as a roughage source for ruminants.This study investigated the impact of lactic acid bacteria(LAB),cellulase(M),and their combinations(LM)on the fermentation quality and metabolic compounds of oat silage.Results demonstrated that all additive treatments significantly increased lactic acid content compared to the control group(P<0.05),with the lactic acid bacteria treatment group exhibiting the lowest pH value(P<0.05).Analysis of antioxidant activity and metabolites in oat silage over 60 days revealed 374 differential metabolites with 113 up-regulated and 261 down-regulated,and all treatment groups showing higher antioxidant activity than raw oat materials(P<0.05).Although no significant differences in antioxidant activity were observed among the various treatment groups in this experiment,notable changes in metabolic pathways were identified.Furthermore,two metabolites(carboxylic acids and derivatives and benzene and substituted derivatives)were identified through non-targeted metabolomics technology,both of which are strongly associated with the antioxidant activity of oat silage.This finding provides a theoretical basis for the efficient use of oat silage in animal husbandry.
基金Supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline(Project No.T1102)Shanghai Commission of Education Scientific Research Project(07zz134)~~
文摘[Objective] In order to study the relations among different positions, degrees of substitution and antioxidant ability. [Method] N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan （NOA, NOB and NOC）with various degrees of substitution （DS）were obtained by etherizing chito-oligosacchaside. Their structure and substituted degree were characterized and their antioxldant activity to·OH was evaluated. [ Result] The IC50 s of NOA ,NOB and NOC were 0.15 ,0. 29 ,0. 23 mg/ml while their DSs of -NH2 position（DSN） were 0.51,0.29 and 0.38 and DSo were 0. 74 ,0. 84 ,0. 97respectively.[ Conclusion] With the increase of DSN ,antioxidant activity of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide to·OH was up.
基金Supported by Key Project of Huainan Normal College(2011LK76zd)Youth Fund of Huainan Normal College(2010LK13)~~
文摘The polysaccharides in yam bulbils were extracted, and their antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice were discussed. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides in yam bulbils was signifi- cantly enhanced with the increase of concentration; they showed a strong scaveng- ing ability against DPPH. and .OH, and the scavenging ability was dose dependent to some extent; the scavenging rates reached 91.15% and 89.06% respectively when the dose reached 4.0 mg/ml; the polysaccharides in yam bulbils significantly educed the blood glucose in model rice, and the hypoglycemic effect of large-dose polysaccharides was more obvious. The polysaccharides in yam bulbils has good antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic effect, which provides a new source for devel- opment of safe and natural food antioxidants and blood sugar-lowering agents.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (XDJK2012B014)
文摘The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content （TPC）, as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average ECs0 84.54 μg mL^-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL^-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC （24.87 mg GAE g^-1 DW）, and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient （rs） between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively （P〈0.05）. However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872431)the earmarked fund for the Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (CARS-44)。
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the structural and antioxidative properties of royal jelly protein(RJP)at different degrees of hydrolysis(DH)by partial enzymatic hydrolysis. RJP was hydrolyzed by alcalase for 0 min, 15 min, 1 h, 5 h and 8 h to obtain hydrolysates at DH of 5.34%, 11.65%, 15.19%, 21.38% and 23.91%, respectively. With the increased DH, the RJP hydrolysates showed elevated antioxidative activities. The molecular weight of RJP hydrolysates was significantly decreased but their primary backbone kept unchanged. Analysis of circular dichroism spectra revealed that the enzymolysis reduced the content of α-helix but increased the contents of β-sheet, β-turn and random coil. Meanwhile, the surface hydrophobicity and fluorescence intensity of RJP hydrolysates were decreased and a red shift occurred. As the enzymolysis continued, the surface morphology of RJP was gradually changed from a sheet-like structure into microparticles. Changes in antioxidative activities and structures generally followed a DH-dependent manner, however these changes became insignificant for samples at DH beyond 20%. Taking into consideration of both effectiveness and productivity, the optimum enzymatic duration was determined at 5 h.
