AIM:To clarify the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal contraction and determine their possi-ble relationship with gastro-esophageal reflux disease.METHODS:Thirteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. ...AIM:To clarify the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal contraction and determine their possi-ble relationship with gastro-esophageal reflux disease.METHODS:Thirteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. Esophageal body peristaltic contractions and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were measured using high resolution manometry. All subjects were randomly examined on four separate occasions following administrations of nifedipine,losartan,and atenolol,as well as without any drug administration.RESULTS:Peristaltic contractions by the esophageal body were separated into three segments by two troughs. The peak peristaltic pressures in the mid and lower segments of the esophageal body under atenolol administration were signifi cantly higher than those without medication in a supine position. On the other hand,peristaltic pressures under nifedipine administration were lower than those observed without drug ad-ministration. Losartan did not change esophageal body peristalsis. Atenolol elevated LES pressure and slowed peristaltic wave transition,while the effects of nifedip-ine were the opposite. CONCLUSION:Among the anti-hypertensive drugs tested,atenolol enhanced esophageal motor activity,which was in contrast to nifedipine.展开更多
In our study, we employed Camellia seed oil as the main ingredients blended with Eucommia Extract to investigate the effects of anti-hypertensive on mice by administrating mice with low dose, middle dose and high dose...In our study, we employed Camellia seed oil as the main ingredients blended with Eucommia Extract to investigate the effects of anti-hypertensive on mice by administrating mice with low dose, middle dose and high dose of Camellia seed oil complex for 4 weeks. The specific tests of studying effects of anti-hypertensive were body weight, blood systolic pressure (BSP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pm meam blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR). And the results showed that appropriate level of Camellia seed oil complex could decrease the body weight and had an active effect on the cardiovascular system of mice, which significantly embodied the anti-hypertensive activity of Camellia seed oil complex.展开更多
Objective:To observe the anti-hypertensive effect of time acupuncture on primary hypertension so as to provide the therapeutic regimen for the treatment of primary hypertension.Methods:A total of 120 patients with pri...Objective:To observe the anti-hypertensive effect of time acupuncture on primary hypertension so as to provide the therapeutic regimen for the treatment of primary hypertension.Methods:A total of 120 patients with primary hypertension were randomized into a western medication group and an acupuncture-medication group,60 cases in each one.In the western medication group,levoamlodipine maleate tablets were prescribed for oral administration.In the acupuncture-medication group,on the base of the treatment as the western medication group,time acupuncture was combined in the period of a day from 7:00 a.m.to 9:00 a.m.The duration of treatment was 4 weeks in the two groups.Before and after treatment,blood pressure,serum endothelin(ET)and nitrious oxide(NO)were measured successively and the clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results:(1)Blood pressure:the systolic and diastolic pressure after treatment were all lower than that before treatment in the two groups,indicating statistical differences(all P<0.05),After treatment,the systolic and diastolic pressure in the acupuncture-medication group were lower than that of the western medication group,indicating significant differences(both P<0.05).(2)ET and NO:after treatment,ET in the acupuncture-medication group was lower than the western medication group and NO was higher than the western medication group,indicating statistical differences(both P<0.05).(3)Clinical therapeutic effect:the total effective effect of anti-hypertension was 89%in the acupuncture-medication group,higher than 63%in the western medication group,indicating statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined treatment of western medication and time acupuncture(7:00 am to 9:00 am)achieves better effect on primary hypertension as compared with simple western medication and its anti-hypertensive effect is probably related to the decrease of ET and the increase of NO.展开更多
Two capillary electrophoresis methods were developed for the determination of the active constituents in four anti-hrpertensive formulations.These active constituents are nitrendipine and atenolol in Tabellae Nile, an...Two capillary electrophoresis methods were developed for the determination of the active constituents in four anti-hrpertensive formulations.These active constituents are nitrendipine and atenolol in Tabellae Nile, and hydrochlorothiazide, amiloride hydrochloride, captopril, and enalapril maleate in three other tablet formulations,respectively. The internal standard method was employed for quantitation with RSD between 1 .2~4.3%, recoveries ranging from 93. 1 ~ 101 .0%.展开更多
Medicinal plants are extensively used in traditional folk medicine. High blood pressure is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and many other serious health complications resulting </span>...Medicinal plants are extensively used in traditional folk medicine. High blood pressure is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and many other serious health complications resulting </span><span style="font-family:"">from </span><span style="font-family:"">it as a major concern of morbidity and mortality in health sector. Use of diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta adrenergic receptor antagonists (beta blockers), alpha adrenergic receptor antagonists (alpha blockers), calcium channel blockers (CCBs) etc. are not efficient enough to cure hypertension. Side effects regarding these medications lead to intolerance, impaired control of the disease, and also mismanagement of therapy. So, approach regarding quenching new potent therapeutic compounds from medicinal plants draw</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> attention nowadays. For example, as a first-line therapeutic agent, an alkaloid is highly effective in lowering systolic blood pressure which is isolated from root extract of the plant of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> species, namely reserpine. This article comes up with a list of 63 plant species from 37 families, compiling information related to plant parts used for making extracts, types of extract and animals used in these studies, antihypertensive effect of the extracts etc. It also refers to 74 chemically defined molecules, with<i> in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo</i> anti-hypertensive potential, isolated from these extracts along with their dosage and mechanism of action by using electronic searches of published article</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> from various databases and reference books. Our present work would be beneficial for researchers to investigate and invent novel antihypertensive therapy to treat hypertension.展开更多
Aim The preclinical studies of a novel angiotensin II receptor 1 antagonist 2-（4-（ （1,7＇-dimethyl-2＇- propyl-1H ,3 ＇H-2,5＇-bibenzo [ d ] imidazol-3＇-yl ） methyl） -1H-indol-l-yl ） benzoic acid （ intesartan ...Aim The preclinical studies of a novel angiotensin II receptor 1 antagonist 2-（4-（ （1,7＇-dimethyl-2＇- propyl-1H ,3 ＇H-2,5＇-bibenzo [ d ] imidazol-3＇-yl ） methyl） -1H-indol-l-yl ） benzoic acid （ intesartan ）. Methods The affinity to AT1 receptor of intesartan was tested through radioactive receptor binding assay by -y-counter. The anti-hypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs） at different doses in vivo was tested by tail noninvasive arterial blood pressure measurement system. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by high per- formance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method. Besides, acute toxicity tests in ICR and Ames reverse mutation assay in tester strain （TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102） was also detected. Results The binding assays sugges- ted that intesartan displayed high affinity to angiotensin II AT1 receptor with an ICs0 value of （0.36 ± 0. 18） nmol · L^-1. In vivo anti-hypertensive experiments showed that intesartan had an efficient and long-acting effect in reduc- ing blood pressure which could last more than 24 h at the doses of 2 mg· kg^-1, 5 mg · kg^-1 , and 10 mg · kg^-1 in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The minimum effective dose of it was 2 mg · kg^-1 and the T/P value was 54. 18%. Acute toxicity tests suggested that intesartan was safe with the LDs0 value of 526.20 mg · kg^-1. Ames assay proved that it would not cause the mutations of salmonella typhimurium. And the pharmacokinetic experiments showed that it could be absorbed efficiently and metabolized smoothly both in blood and in tissues in wistar rats. Conclusions Intesartan could be considered as a novel anti-hypertension candidate with efficient, long-acting and low toxicity chracteristics.展开更多
Thermal analysis of some antihypertensive drugs, Telmisartan, Cilazapril and Terazosin HCL was achieved. Thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis were used through the work. Ther...Thermal analysis of some antihypertensive drugs, Telmisartan, Cilazapril and Terazosin HCL was achieved. Thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis were used through the work. Thermogravimetric parameters such as activation energy, frequency factor and reaction order were calculated. The results show the stability value decrease in the order Telmisartan > Cilazapril > Terazosin. This method can be used in the quality control of pharmaceutical compounds because it is simple, fast and cheap.展开更多
Prunella vulgaris,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),exerts a significant hypotensive effect,particularly in managing various forms of hypertension.Nonetheless,the precise antihypertensive constituents and their resp...Prunella vulgaris,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),exerts a significant hypotensive effect,particularly in managing various forms of hypertension.Nonetheless,the precise antihypertensive constituents and their respective targets remain elusive.This study endeavored to identify the hypotensive components of P.vulgaris and elucidated its mode of action based on hypotensive targets.Utilizing the Systematic Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),UniProt,GeneCards,STRING,RCSB,and the Human Genome Annotation and Analysis Database(Metascape),we conducted a screening of active ingredients and hypotensive targets.The Network Analyzer software Cytoscape 3.9.0 facilitated a comprehensive analysis of the active ingredients.Molecular docking was executed employing Sybyl-X 2.0 and Discovery Studio 2019.Predictions and analyses of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of active ingredients were performed using the ADMETlab 2.0 online platform.Eight active compounds(1–8)and 11 hypotensive targets were identified,with IL1B and PPARG exhibiting a high degree of correlation.Dominant biological processes included negative regulation of apoptotic processes,positive regulation of gene expression,response to xenobiotic stimulus,and response to hypoxia.KEGG analysis unveiled core pharmacological mechanisms,notably fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,lipid and atherosclerosis,P13K-Akt,MAPK,and relaxin signaling pathways.Compounds 5–8 demonstrated robust interactions with multiple targets through hydrogen bonds,van der Waals forces,and pi-alkyl interactions,which serve as primary stabilizers of docking complexes.Notably,compound 7 exhibited promising ADMET prediction results,suggesting its potential for drug molecule development.Our findings underscored the synergistic effects of P.vulgaris on multiple targets and pathways in hypertension treatment,reflecting the characteristic multi-component and multi-target effects of TCM.展开更多
Chronic kidney disease （CKD） is a significant interactive disease in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease with major morbidity consequences and high costs to the healthcare system. The pr...Chronic kidney disease （CKD） is a significant interactive disease in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease with major morbidity consequences and high costs to the healthcare system. The prevalence of end stage renal disease （ESRD）, a f＇mal outcome of CKD, has increased progressively in the past decades in both developing and developed countries. It is now appreciated that the majority of patients with CKD have a chronic decline of renal function over years before renal replacement therapy is required. This non-specific process continues even when the initial insult is no longer present and has been called progression of CKD.展开更多
Background:Hypertension is considered an important risk factor for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The commonly anti-hypertensive drugs are the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)inhibitors,calcium chann...Background:Hypertension is considered an important risk factor for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The commonly anti-hypertensive drugs are the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)inhibitors,calcium channel blockers(CCBs),and beta-blockers.The association between commonly used anti-hypertensive medications and the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients with hypertension has not been well studied.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included all patients admitted with COVID-19 to Huo Shen Shan Hospital and Guanggu District of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province,Wuhan,China.Clinical and laboratory characteristics were extracted from electronic medical records.Hypertension and anti-hypertensive treatment were confirmed by medical history and clinical records.The primary clinical endpoint was all-cause mortality.Secondary endpoints included the rates of patients in common wards transferred to the intensive care unit and hospital stay duration.Logistic regression was used to explore the risk factors associated with mortality and prognosis.Propensity score matching was used to balance the confounders between different anti-hypertensive treatments.Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare the cumulative recovery rate.Log-rank tests were performed to test for differences in Kaplan-Meier curves between different groups.Results:Among 4569 hospitalized patients with COVID-19,31.7%(1449/4569)had a history of hypertension.There were significant differences in mortality rates between hypertensive patients with CCBs(7/359)and those without(21/359)(1.95%vs.5.85%,risk ratio[RR]:0.32,95% confidence interval[CI]:0.13–0.76,χ^(2)=7.61,P=0.0058).After matching for confounders,the mortality rates were similar between the RAAS inhibitor(4/236)and non-RAAS inhibitor(9/236)cohorts(1.69% vs.3.81%,RR:0.43,95% CI:0.13–1.43,χ^(2)=1.98,P=0.1596).Hypertensive patients with beta-blockers(13/340)showed no statistical difference in mortality compared with those without(11/340)(3.82% vs.3.24%,RR:1.19,95% CI:0.53–2.69,χ^(2)=0.17,P=0.6777).Conclusions:In our study,we did not find any positive or negative effects of RAAS inhibitors or beta-blockers in COVID-19 patients with hypertension,while CCBs could improve prognosis.展开更多
Bioactive peptides are unique,low molecular weight peptide sequences generally consisting of 2–20 amino acid residues.These peptide sequences are inactive within the parent protein but they become physiologically act...Bioactive peptides are unique,low molecular weight peptide sequences generally consisting of 2–20 amino acid residues.These peptide sequences are inactive within the parent protein but they become physiologically active once released from the native polypeptide sequence via hydrolysis.There are multiple methods for producing bioactive peptides from precursor protein molecules,with microbial fermentation of various dietary matrices indubitably being a novel method to produce peptides with specialized bioactivity.Fermented foods especially fermented dairy products,legumes,cereals,meat and marine life as a source of bioactive peptides have been well documented.These peptides have gained scientific attention owing to their biofunctional attributes.The food-derived bioactive peptides have the potential to serve as valuable ingredients in functional foods and nutraceutical products to promote health.Bioactive peptides are known to possess various health-promoting properties including anti-carcinogenic,anti-hypertensive,anti-microbial,antioxidant,anti-diabetic,and immunomodulatory effects.The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world’s health,economy,and social stability in jeopardy.The SARS-CoV-2 infection contributes to severe conditions and higher mortality in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.The viral infection not only causes severe respiratory infection but also causes malfunctioning of the Renin-Angiotensin system(RAS),resulting in the downregulation of Angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ(ACE-Ⅱ)and subsequent accumulation of Angiotensin Ⅱ.Several synthetic ACE inhibitory medications are being used to minimize the severity of Angiotensin Ⅱ adverse effects such as hypertension.The growing concern about the side effects associated with these pharmaceuticals has prompted researchers to look for alternatives in the form of foods and nutraceuticals with health-promoting features.Biologically active peptides have the potential to be used as a new-generation pharmaceutical product for various diseases including COVID-19.The multi-functional food-derived peptides could be a promising approach against COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic complications through their therapeutic actions.However,more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to validate their efficacy in enhancing the survivability and viability of COVID-19 patients.Although many peptides have demonstrated their positive effects via biochemical assays,cell culture,and animal models,the translation of these findings into practical application is limited.This might be related to the bioavailability issues,which influence the correlation of in vitro results with in vivo functions of peptides.To exert a health-promoting impact,these peptides need to withstand severe gastrointestinal conditions and the action of digestive enzymes to reach the target site in an active state.Therefore it is critical to thoroughly investigate the gastrointestinal stability and transport of these biopeptides and devise strategies to improve their absorption and bioavailability.展开更多
基金Supported by The Grants-in-Aid from Science Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, No. 19590724
文摘AIM:To clarify the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal contraction and determine their possi-ble relationship with gastro-esophageal reflux disease.METHODS:Thirteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. Esophageal body peristaltic contractions and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were measured using high resolution manometry. All subjects were randomly examined on four separate occasions following administrations of nifedipine,losartan,and atenolol,as well as without any drug administration.RESULTS:Peristaltic contractions by the esophageal body were separated into three segments by two troughs. The peak peristaltic pressures in the mid and lower segments of the esophageal body under atenolol administration were signifi cantly higher than those without medication in a supine position. On the other hand,peristaltic pressures under nifedipine administration were lower than those observed without drug ad-ministration. Losartan did not change esophageal body peristalsis. Atenolol elevated LES pressure and slowed peristaltic wave transition,while the effects of nifedip-ine were the opposite. CONCLUSION:Among the anti-hypertensive drugs tested,atenolol enhanced esophageal motor activity,which was in contrast to nifedipine.
文摘In our study, we employed Camellia seed oil as the main ingredients blended with Eucommia Extract to investigate the effects of anti-hypertensive on mice by administrating mice with low dose, middle dose and high dose of Camellia seed oil complex for 4 weeks. The specific tests of studying effects of anti-hypertensive were body weight, blood systolic pressure (BSP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pm meam blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR). And the results showed that appropriate level of Camellia seed oil complex could decrease the body weight and had an active effect on the cardiovascular system of mice, which significantly embodied the anti-hypertensive activity of Camellia seed oil complex.
基金supported by National key R&D Program:No.2018YFC1707803Subject of Hebei Provincial Department of Finance:No.361025Project of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:No.2017054。
文摘Objective:To observe the anti-hypertensive effect of time acupuncture on primary hypertension so as to provide the therapeutic regimen for the treatment of primary hypertension.Methods:A total of 120 patients with primary hypertension were randomized into a western medication group and an acupuncture-medication group,60 cases in each one.In the western medication group,levoamlodipine maleate tablets were prescribed for oral administration.In the acupuncture-medication group,on the base of the treatment as the western medication group,time acupuncture was combined in the period of a day from 7:00 a.m.to 9:00 a.m.The duration of treatment was 4 weeks in the two groups.Before and after treatment,blood pressure,serum endothelin(ET)and nitrious oxide(NO)were measured successively and the clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results:(1)Blood pressure:the systolic and diastolic pressure after treatment were all lower than that before treatment in the two groups,indicating statistical differences(all P<0.05),After treatment,the systolic and diastolic pressure in the acupuncture-medication group were lower than that of the western medication group,indicating significant differences(both P<0.05).(2)ET and NO:after treatment,ET in the acupuncture-medication group was lower than the western medication group and NO was higher than the western medication group,indicating statistical differences(both P<0.05).(3)Clinical therapeutic effect:the total effective effect of anti-hypertension was 89%in the acupuncture-medication group,higher than 63%in the western medication group,indicating statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined treatment of western medication and time acupuncture(7:00 am to 9:00 am)achieves better effect on primary hypertension as compared with simple western medication and its anti-hypertensive effect is probably related to the decrease of ET and the increase of NO.
文摘Two capillary electrophoresis methods were developed for the determination of the active constituents in four anti-hrpertensive formulations.These active constituents are nitrendipine and atenolol in Tabellae Nile, and hydrochlorothiazide, amiloride hydrochloride, captopril, and enalapril maleate in three other tablet formulations,respectively. The internal standard method was employed for quantitation with RSD between 1 .2~4.3%, recoveries ranging from 93. 1 ~ 101 .0%.
文摘Medicinal plants are extensively used in traditional folk medicine. High blood pressure is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and many other serious health complications resulting </span><span style="font-family:"">from </span><span style="font-family:"">it as a major concern of morbidity and mortality in health sector. Use of diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta adrenergic receptor antagonists (beta blockers), alpha adrenergic receptor antagonists (alpha blockers), calcium channel blockers (CCBs) etc. are not efficient enough to cure hypertension. Side effects regarding these medications lead to intolerance, impaired control of the disease, and also mismanagement of therapy. So, approach regarding quenching new potent therapeutic compounds from medicinal plants draw</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> attention nowadays. For example, as a first-line therapeutic agent, an alkaloid is highly effective in lowering systolic blood pressure which is isolated from root extract of the plant of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> species, namely reserpine. This article comes up with a list of 63 plant species from 37 families, compiling information related to plant parts used for making extracts, types of extract and animals used in these studies, antihypertensive effect of the extracts etc. It also refers to 74 chemically defined molecules, with<i> in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo</i> anti-hypertensive potential, isolated from these extracts along with their dosage and mechanism of action by using electronic searches of published article</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> from various databases and reference books. Our present work would be beneficial for researchers to investigate and invent novel antihypertensive therapy to treat hypertension.
文摘Aim The preclinical studies of a novel angiotensin II receptor 1 antagonist 2-（4-（ （1,7＇-dimethyl-2＇- propyl-1H ,3 ＇H-2,5＇-bibenzo [ d ] imidazol-3＇-yl ） methyl） -1H-indol-l-yl ） benzoic acid （ intesartan ）. Methods The affinity to AT1 receptor of intesartan was tested through radioactive receptor binding assay by -y-counter. The anti-hypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs） at different doses in vivo was tested by tail noninvasive arterial blood pressure measurement system. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by high per- formance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method. Besides, acute toxicity tests in ICR and Ames reverse mutation assay in tester strain （TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102） was also detected. Results The binding assays sugges- ted that intesartan displayed high affinity to angiotensin II AT1 receptor with an ICs0 value of （0.36 ± 0. 18） nmol · L^-1. In vivo anti-hypertensive experiments showed that intesartan had an efficient and long-acting effect in reduc- ing blood pressure which could last more than 24 h at the doses of 2 mg· kg^-1, 5 mg · kg^-1 , and 10 mg · kg^-1 in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The minimum effective dose of it was 2 mg · kg^-1 and the T/P value was 54. 18%. Acute toxicity tests suggested that intesartan was safe with the LDs0 value of 526.20 mg · kg^-1. Ames assay proved that it would not cause the mutations of salmonella typhimurium. And the pharmacokinetic experiments showed that it could be absorbed efficiently and metabolized smoothly both in blood and in tissues in wistar rats. Conclusions Intesartan could be considered as a novel anti-hypertension candidate with efficient, long-acting and low toxicity chracteristics.
文摘Thermal analysis of some antihypertensive drugs, Telmisartan, Cilazapril and Terazosin HCL was achieved. Thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis were used through the work. Thermogravimetric parameters such as activation energy, frequency factor and reaction order were calculated. The results show the stability value decrease in the order Telmisartan > Cilazapril > Terazosin. This method can be used in the quality control of pharmaceutical compounds because it is simple, fast and cheap.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21702178)Training Plan of Young Backbone Teachers in Universities of Henan Province(Grant No.2021GGJS144)+5 种基金Key Scientific Research Program in Universities of Henan Province(Grant No.22A350009 and 23A350012)National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(Grant No.202410480007 and 202310480020)Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Henan Province(Grant No.202210480020 and 202210480021)Scientific Research Innovation Team of Xuchang University(Grant No.2022CXTD007)Horizontal Cooperation Project(Grant No.2023HX181)Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Xuchang University(Grant No.X202210480016)。
文摘Prunella vulgaris,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),exerts a significant hypotensive effect,particularly in managing various forms of hypertension.Nonetheless,the precise antihypertensive constituents and their respective targets remain elusive.This study endeavored to identify the hypotensive components of P.vulgaris and elucidated its mode of action based on hypotensive targets.Utilizing the Systematic Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),UniProt,GeneCards,STRING,RCSB,and the Human Genome Annotation and Analysis Database(Metascape),we conducted a screening of active ingredients and hypotensive targets.The Network Analyzer software Cytoscape 3.9.0 facilitated a comprehensive analysis of the active ingredients.Molecular docking was executed employing Sybyl-X 2.0 and Discovery Studio 2019.Predictions and analyses of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of active ingredients were performed using the ADMETlab 2.0 online platform.Eight active compounds(1–8)and 11 hypotensive targets were identified,with IL1B and PPARG exhibiting a high degree of correlation.Dominant biological processes included negative regulation of apoptotic processes,positive regulation of gene expression,response to xenobiotic stimulus,and response to hypoxia.KEGG analysis unveiled core pharmacological mechanisms,notably fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,lipid and atherosclerosis,P13K-Akt,MAPK,and relaxin signaling pathways.Compounds 5–8 demonstrated robust interactions with multiple targets through hydrogen bonds,van der Waals forces,and pi-alkyl interactions,which serve as primary stabilizers of docking complexes.Notably,compound 7 exhibited promising ADMET prediction results,suggesting its potential for drug molecule development.Our findings underscored the synergistic effects of P.vulgaris on multiple targets and pathways in hypertension treatment,reflecting the characteristic multi-component and multi-target effects of TCM.
基金This work was partly supported by the National 973 Program （No. 2006CB03904） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30330300）.
文摘Chronic kidney disease （CKD） is a significant interactive disease in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease with major morbidity consequences and high costs to the healthcare system. The prevalence of end stage renal disease （ESRD）, a f＇mal outcome of CKD, has increased progressively in the past decades in both developing and developed countries. It is now appreciated that the majority of patients with CKD have a chronic decline of renal function over years before renal replacement therapy is required. This non-specific process continues even when the initial insult is no longer present and has been called progression of CKD.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.15ZR1412300)Three-Year Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health System in Shanghai(2020–2022)Key Discipline Con-struction Project(No.GWV-10.1-XK05).
文摘Background:Hypertension is considered an important risk factor for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The commonly anti-hypertensive drugs are the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)inhibitors,calcium channel blockers(CCBs),and beta-blockers.The association between commonly used anti-hypertensive medications and the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients with hypertension has not been well studied.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included all patients admitted with COVID-19 to Huo Shen Shan Hospital and Guanggu District of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province,Wuhan,China.Clinical and laboratory characteristics were extracted from electronic medical records.Hypertension and anti-hypertensive treatment were confirmed by medical history and clinical records.The primary clinical endpoint was all-cause mortality.Secondary endpoints included the rates of patients in common wards transferred to the intensive care unit and hospital stay duration.Logistic regression was used to explore the risk factors associated with mortality and prognosis.Propensity score matching was used to balance the confounders between different anti-hypertensive treatments.Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare the cumulative recovery rate.Log-rank tests were performed to test for differences in Kaplan-Meier curves between different groups.Results:Among 4569 hospitalized patients with COVID-19,31.7%(1449/4569)had a history of hypertension.There were significant differences in mortality rates between hypertensive patients with CCBs(7/359)and those without(21/359)(1.95%vs.5.85%,risk ratio[RR]:0.32,95% confidence interval[CI]:0.13–0.76,χ^(2)=7.61,P=0.0058).After matching for confounders,the mortality rates were similar between the RAAS inhibitor(4/236)and non-RAAS inhibitor(9/236)cohorts(1.69% vs.3.81%,RR:0.43,95% CI:0.13–1.43,χ^(2)=1.98,P=0.1596).Hypertensive patients with beta-blockers(13/340)showed no statistical difference in mortality compared with those without(11/340)(3.82% vs.3.24%,RR:1.19,95% CI:0.53–2.69,χ^(2)=0.17,P=0.6777).Conclusions:In our study,we did not find any positive or negative effects of RAAS inhibitors or beta-blockers in COVID-19 patients with hypertension,while CCBs could improve prognosis.
文摘Bioactive peptides are unique,low molecular weight peptide sequences generally consisting of 2–20 amino acid residues.These peptide sequences are inactive within the parent protein but they become physiologically active once released from the native polypeptide sequence via hydrolysis.There are multiple methods for producing bioactive peptides from precursor protein molecules,with microbial fermentation of various dietary matrices indubitably being a novel method to produce peptides with specialized bioactivity.Fermented foods especially fermented dairy products,legumes,cereals,meat and marine life as a source of bioactive peptides have been well documented.These peptides have gained scientific attention owing to their biofunctional attributes.The food-derived bioactive peptides have the potential to serve as valuable ingredients in functional foods and nutraceutical products to promote health.Bioactive peptides are known to possess various health-promoting properties including anti-carcinogenic,anti-hypertensive,anti-microbial,antioxidant,anti-diabetic,and immunomodulatory effects.The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world’s health,economy,and social stability in jeopardy.The SARS-CoV-2 infection contributes to severe conditions and higher mortality in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.The viral infection not only causes severe respiratory infection but also causes malfunctioning of the Renin-Angiotensin system(RAS),resulting in the downregulation of Angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ(ACE-Ⅱ)and subsequent accumulation of Angiotensin Ⅱ.Several synthetic ACE inhibitory medications are being used to minimize the severity of Angiotensin Ⅱ adverse effects such as hypertension.The growing concern about the side effects associated with these pharmaceuticals has prompted researchers to look for alternatives in the form of foods and nutraceuticals with health-promoting features.Biologically active peptides have the potential to be used as a new-generation pharmaceutical product for various diseases including COVID-19.The multi-functional food-derived peptides could be a promising approach against COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic complications through their therapeutic actions.However,more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to validate their efficacy in enhancing the survivability and viability of COVID-19 patients.Although many peptides have demonstrated their positive effects via biochemical assays,cell culture,and animal models,the translation of these findings into practical application is limited.This might be related to the bioavailability issues,which influence the correlation of in vitro results with in vivo functions of peptides.To exert a health-promoting impact,these peptides need to withstand severe gastrointestinal conditions and the action of digestive enzymes to reach the target site in an active state.Therefore it is critical to thoroughly investigate the gastrointestinal stability and transport of these biopeptides and devise strategies to improve their absorption and bioavailability.
