The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign ent...The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.展开更多
With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application ...With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacol...OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacology strategy,the therapeutic targets of APR-GR for MDD are predicted,differentially expressed genes from the Integrated Gene Expression database for MDD patients.Topological networks are constructed,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways are enriched,their pharmacological potential molecular mechanisms are discussed,and molecular docking analysis is performed to further motivate compositional and target interactions.Finally,the CUMS mouse model is used for validation.RESULTS:Based on the pharmacological network analysis,17 candidate genes were identified,including muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1(CHRM1),muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2(CHRM2),β2-adrenergic receptor(ADRB2),adrenergicα1A receptor(ADRA1A)and 5-hydroxytryptamine transfer protein(SLC6A4),etc.which are primarily involved in reactive oxygen species metabolism,neural response,oxidative stress response and other biological processes.Further analysis revealed that these targets are closely related to Ca^(2+),cyclic adenosine monophosphate,etc.,and exhibit optimal binding sites after molecular docking.Finally,in vivo experiments were performed and it was found that APR-GR significantly improved depression-like behavior and hippocampal impairment in mouse models,increasing brain levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine,dopamine and norepinephrine and decreasing serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone,corticosterone and adreno cortico tropic hormone,while upregulating the expression of CHRM1,CHRM2 and ADRA1A in the hippocampus and downregulating the expression of SLC6A4 and ADRB2.CNCLUSION:This research sheds light on the potential molecular mechanism of APR-GR to improve MDD.展开更多
The informatization of higher vocational education is the future development trend,and it is also encouraged and promoted by the Ministry of Education.This article focuses on the road and bridge major,combined with th...The informatization of higher vocational education is the future development trend,and it is also encouraged and promoted by the Ministry of Education.This article focuses on the road and bridge major,combined with the author’s experience in introducing virtual simulation and three-dimensional(3D)animation technology into relevant course teaching in recent years,discusses the application of virtual simulation and 3D animation technology in higher vocational education and promotes classroom revolution,to obtain better teaching effect.展开更多
Background Face image animation generates a synthetic human face video that harmoniously integrates the identity derived from the source image and facial motion obtained from the driving video.This technology could be...Background Face image animation generates a synthetic human face video that harmoniously integrates the identity derived from the source image and facial motion obtained from the driving video.This technology could be beneficial in multiple medical fields,such as diagnosis and privacy protection.Previous studies on face animation often relied on a single source image to generate an output video.With a significant pose difference between the source image and the driving frame,the quality of the generated video is likely to be suboptimal because the source image may not provide sufficient features for the warped feature map.Methods In this study,we propose a novel face-animation scheme based on multiple sources and perspective alignment to address these issues.We first introduce a multiple-source sampling and selection module to screen the optimal source image set from the provided driving video.We then propose an inter-frame interpolation and alignment module to further eliminate the misalignment between the selected source image and the driving frame.Conclusions The proposed method exhibits superior performance in terms of objective metrics and visual quality in large-angle animation scenes compared to other state-of-the-art face animation methods.It indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method in addressing the distortion issues in large-angle animation.展开更多
Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animation...Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animations,and the portability of virtual character gestures and facial animations has not received sufficient attention.Methods Therefore,we propose a deep-learning-based audio-to-animation-and-blendshape(Audio2AB)network that generates gesture animations and ARK it's 52 facial expression parameter blendshape weights based on audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels to generate parametric data for full-body animations.This parameterization method can be used to drive full-body animations of virtual characters and improve their portability.In the experiment,we first downsampled the gesture and facial data to achieve the same temporal resolution for the input,output,and facial data.The Audio2AB network then encoded the audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels,and then fused the text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels into the audio to obtain better audio features.Finally,we established links between the body,gestures,and facial decoders and generated the corresponding animation sequences through our proposed GAN-GF loss function.Results By using audio,audio-corresponding text,and emotional and semantic relevance labels as input,the trained Audio2AB network could generate gesture animation data containing blendshape weights.Therefore,different 3D virtual character animations could be created through parameterization.Conclusions The experimental results showed that the proposed method could generate significant gestures and facial animations.展开更多
Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to disp...Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to display the pelvic region and explain the labor process. The study involved a collaboration with hospital staff who recruited 18 primiparous and 18 multiparous mothers who were hospitalized for delivery at Facility A. The midwife explained the process of delivery using the “Delivery Animation Software”. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed and analyzed separately for primiparous and multiparous mothers and their husbands. Results: 1) For both primiparous and multiparous couples, both mothers and their husbands gained a significantly higher level of understanding after delivery than during pregnancy. 2) The Self-Evaluation Scale for Experience of Delivery results were as follows: “I did my best for the baby even if it was painful” was selected more often for “birth coping skills”;“reliable medical staff” was selected more often for “physiological birth process”;“the birth progressed as I expected” was selected frequently by primiparous mothers;and “the birth progressed smoothly” was selected often by multiparous mothers. 3) In terms of husbands’ satisfaction with the delivery, “I was satisfied with the delivery”, “I was given an easy-to-understand explanation”, and “They explained the process to me” was selected of primiparous and multiparous fathers. 4) All primiparous and multiparous mothers positively evaluated whether the delivery animation was helpful in understanding the process of delivery. Conclusion: The delivery animation was effective in improving the understanding and satisfaction of both the mothers and their husbands.展开更多
Background:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using animation as education material for family empowerment program on perioperative care for caregivers whose children were to undergo neurosurgery.Method...Background:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using animation as education material for family empowerment program on perioperative care for caregivers whose children were to undergo neurosurgery.Methods:A total of 204 caregivers were randomly assigned to either the face‐to‐face oral nursing educated group(Oral Group)or the animation‐assisted nursing educated group(Animated Group).The nursing education primarily focused on instructing caregivers about the manual vibration method.The primary outcome of interest in this study was participants'knowledge level,collected by a 10‐item questionnaire.Secondary outcomes included child patients'clinical data,including hospitalization days,treatments,and signs of pneumonia.Results:Participants in the Animated Group exhibited significantly higher accuracy in perioperative care knowledge assessment,and patients in this group had a lower chance of requiring atomization therapy compared to the Oral Group.Conclusions:The animation‐assisted nursing education program effectively enhances pediatric caregivers'knowledge,reduces respiratory complications after surgery,and offers valuable insights for future studies on the use of such programs to instruct caregivers.展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its r...Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its regulation,as well as its interaction with circadian rhythms.Circadian rhythms are internalized representations of the periodic daily light and dark cycles.Accumulating evidence has shown that MDD and the related mental disorders are associated with disrupted circadian rhythms.In particular,depression has often been linked to abnormalities in circadian rhythms because dysregulation of the circadian system increases susceptibility to MDD.The fact that several rhythms are disrupted in depressed patients suggests that these disruptions are not restricted to any one rhythm but rather involve the molecular circadian clock core machinery.The sleep-wake cycle is one rhythm that is often disrupted in depression,which often leads to disturbances in other rhythms.The circadian disruptions manifested in depressed patients and the effectiveness and fast action of chronobiologically based treatments highlight the circadian system as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of depression.This review assesses the evidence on rising depression rates and examines their contributing factors,including circadian misalignment.We discuss key hypotheses underlying depression pathogenesis,potential etiology,and relevant animal models,and underscore potential mechanisms driving depression's growing burden and how understanding these factors is critical for improving prevention and treatment strategies.展开更多
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide,leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality,predominantly in low-and middleincome countries.In the past de...Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide,leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality,predominantly in low-and middleincome countries.In the past decade,substantial progress has been made in the development and implementation of rotavirus vaccines,which have been essential in alleviating the global burden of this disease,not only in human being but also in livestock species like calves and piglets,where these infections can cause significant economic losses.By synthesizing the latest research and real-world evidence,this review article is designated to provide deep insights into the current state of rotavirus vaccine technology and its global implementation as well as the application of rotavirus vaccines in veterinary settings and their importance in controlling zoonotic transmission and maintaining food security.展开更多
Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experienci...Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experiencing a significant annual increase.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on people,little is known about its pathogenesis.One major reason is the scarcity of reliable animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Furthermore,the neural circuit mechanism of depression induced by various factors is particularly complex.Considering the variability in depressive behavior patterns and neurobiological mechanisms among different animal models of depression,a comparison between the neural circuits of depression induced by various factors is essential for its treatment.In this review,we mainly summarize the most widely used behavioral animal models and neural circuits under different triggers of depression,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for depression prevention.展开更多
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is among the most devastating infectious diseases worldwide.Spinal tuberculosis is not easy to detect at an early stage,which without effective treatment often leads to spinal deformity and spi...BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is among the most devastating infectious diseases worldwide.Spinal tuberculosis is not easy to detect at an early stage,which without effective treatment often leads to spinal deformity and spinal cord damage which in turn cause complications such as paraplegia and quadriplegia.In this study,we established a model using three concentrations of bacteria and carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the model by imaging,general observations,and histopathological and bacteriological studies.AIM To establish a rabbit model of spinal tuberculosis and examine the effect on the model’s efficacy using different concentrations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)inoculum.METHODS New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental,control and blank groups.The experimental and control animals were sensitized with complete Freund′s adjuvant,a hole was drilled beneath the upper endplate of the L6 vertebral body and filled with gelfoam sponge.The experimental group was divided into three subgroups(experimental 1,experimental 2,experimental 3)and infused with M.tuberculosis suspension at various concentrations.The control group was inoculated with saline and the blank group received no treatment.The 12-week post-operative survival rates were 100%,80%and 30%in the experimental groups inoculated with concentrations of 106,107 and 108 CFU/mL bacteria,respectively.RESULTS The survival rate of the control and blank groups was 100%.Vertebral body destruction at 8 weeks in the three experimental groups as determined by X-ray analysis was 33.3%,62.5%and 66.7%,and by computed tomography(CT)and 3-dimensional CT 44.4%,75%and 100%,respectively.At 12 weeks,the figures were 44.4%,75%and 100%by X-ray analysis and 44.4%,100%and 100%by CT and 3-dimensional CT,respectively.All surviving rabbits of the experimental groups had vertebral destruction.The positive bacterial culture rates were 22.2%,75%and 66.7%,respectively,in the experimental groups.After being sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant,large differences were observed in the extent of spinal tuberculosis after inoculation of the rabbits with different concentrations of H37RV standard M.tuberculosis.CONCLUSION The experimental 1 had a low success rate at establishing an infection.The experimental 3 resulted in high mortality and complication rates.The experimental 2 was optimum for establishing a spinal tuberculosis model based on the high level of symptoms observed and the low rabbit mortality.展开更多
The high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major challenge in clinical practice.Although a series of alternative research models of CRC have been developed,appropriate orthotopic animal models that...The high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major challenge in clinical practice.Although a series of alternative research models of CRC have been developed,appropriate orthotopic animal models that reproduce the specific clinical response as well as pathophysiological immune features of CRC are still lacking.In the current study,we constructed a CRC orthotopic xenograft model by implanting the tumor tubes at the colorectum of mice and monitored the model development using bioluminescence imaging.This model successfully recapitulates the clinical chemo-therapy efficacy,including reduced total flux,tumor weight,and the expression of Ki67 after treatment of the first-line chemotherapy regime of CRC(FOLFOX:oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil/calcium folinate).The model also reproduced the immunosup-pressive effect of FOLFOX,indicated by decreased infiltration of macrophages and increased Treg cells in tumor.Additionally,the orthotopic xenograft approach may be applied in immunodeficient NCG/NSG mice for constructing patient-derived xeno-grafts,and being used in clinical precision medicine and drug evaluation.We believe the current model is a successful surgical orthotopic xenograft approach for cancer research and deserves to be popularized,which will provide a convenient and efficient platform for in-depth mechanism exploration of CRC and preclinical drug evaluation.展开更多
Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most...Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.展开更多
Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes.However,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have ...Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes.However,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing terminology.Going forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature oligodendrocytes.This new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological contexts.Adopting this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across studies.This,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases.Additionally,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination failure.Thus,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microgl...Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.展开更多
文摘The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.
基金supported by the Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(23Y083)the Project of National University Association for Mathematical Methods in Physics(JZW-23-SL-02)+3 种基金the Graduate Course Construction Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(KC2024Y03)the 2024 National Higher Education University Physics Reform Research Project(2024PR064)the Teaching Reform Research Project of the International Office of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(YB202410)Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(JG2025Y18).
文摘With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.
基金Supported by Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology project:Exploring the Material Basis and Action Pathways of Baihu Tang's Antipyretic Effect based on Omics Technology(20240602036RC)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacology strategy,the therapeutic targets of APR-GR for MDD are predicted,differentially expressed genes from the Integrated Gene Expression database for MDD patients.Topological networks are constructed,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways are enriched,their pharmacological potential molecular mechanisms are discussed,and molecular docking analysis is performed to further motivate compositional and target interactions.Finally,the CUMS mouse model is used for validation.RESULTS:Based on the pharmacological network analysis,17 candidate genes were identified,including muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1(CHRM1),muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2(CHRM2),β2-adrenergic receptor(ADRB2),adrenergicα1A receptor(ADRA1A)and 5-hydroxytryptamine transfer protein(SLC6A4),etc.which are primarily involved in reactive oxygen species metabolism,neural response,oxidative stress response and other biological processes.Further analysis revealed that these targets are closely related to Ca^(2+),cyclic adenosine monophosphate,etc.,and exhibit optimal binding sites after molecular docking.Finally,in vivo experiments were performed and it was found that APR-GR significantly improved depression-like behavior and hippocampal impairment in mouse models,increasing brain levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine,dopamine and norepinephrine and decreasing serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone,corticosterone and adreno cortico tropic hormone,while upregulating the expression of CHRM1,CHRM2 and ADRA1A in the hippocampus and downregulating the expression of SLC6A4 and ADRB2.CNCLUSION:This research sheds light on the potential molecular mechanism of APR-GR to improve MDD.
基金2021 Chongqing Energy Vocational College Science and Technology Department Teaching Reform Project"Discussion and Practice of Teaching Reform of"Bridge and Culvert Engineering Construction Technology"Based on Road and Bridge Simulation Software"(202106)。
文摘The informatization of higher vocational education is the future development trend,and it is also encouraged and promoted by the Ministry of Education.This article focuses on the road and bridge major,combined with the author’s experience in introducing virtual simulation and three-dimensional(3D)animation technology into relevant course teaching in recent years,discusses the application of virtual simulation and 3D animation technology in higher vocational education and promotes classroom revolution,to obtain better teaching effect.
基金the Fund from Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Terminals(SCITLAB-20016).
文摘Background Face image animation generates a synthetic human face video that harmoniously integrates the identity derived from the source image and facial motion obtained from the driving video.This technology could be beneficial in multiple medical fields,such as diagnosis and privacy protection.Previous studies on face animation often relied on a single source image to generate an output video.With a significant pose difference between the source image and the driving frame,the quality of the generated video is likely to be suboptimal because the source image may not provide sufficient features for the warped feature map.Methods In this study,we propose a novel face-animation scheme based on multiple sources and perspective alignment to address these issues.We first introduce a multiple-source sampling and selection module to screen the optimal source image set from the provided driving video.We then propose an inter-frame interpolation and alignment module to further eliminate the misalignment between the selected source image and the driving frame.Conclusions The proposed method exhibits superior performance in terms of objective metrics and visual quality in large-angle animation scenes compared to other state-of-the-art face animation methods.It indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method in addressing the distortion issues in large-angle animation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62277014)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC1523100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (PA2023GDSK0047)。
文摘Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animations,and the portability of virtual character gestures and facial animations has not received sufficient attention.Methods Therefore,we propose a deep-learning-based audio-to-animation-and-blendshape(Audio2AB)network that generates gesture animations and ARK it's 52 facial expression parameter blendshape weights based on audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels to generate parametric data for full-body animations.This parameterization method can be used to drive full-body animations of virtual characters and improve their portability.In the experiment,we first downsampled the gesture and facial data to achieve the same temporal resolution for the input,output,and facial data.The Audio2AB network then encoded the audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels,and then fused the text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels into the audio to obtain better audio features.Finally,we established links between the body,gestures,and facial decoders and generated the corresponding animation sequences through our proposed GAN-GF loss function.Results By using audio,audio-corresponding text,and emotional and semantic relevance labels as input,the trained Audio2AB network could generate gesture animation data containing blendshape weights.Therefore,different 3D virtual character animations could be created through parameterization.Conclusions The experimental results showed that the proposed method could generate significant gestures and facial animations.
文摘Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to display the pelvic region and explain the labor process. The study involved a collaboration with hospital staff who recruited 18 primiparous and 18 multiparous mothers who were hospitalized for delivery at Facility A. The midwife explained the process of delivery using the “Delivery Animation Software”. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed and analyzed separately for primiparous and multiparous mothers and their husbands. Results: 1) For both primiparous and multiparous couples, both mothers and their husbands gained a significantly higher level of understanding after delivery than during pregnancy. 2) The Self-Evaluation Scale for Experience of Delivery results were as follows: “I did my best for the baby even if it was painful” was selected more often for “birth coping skills”;“reliable medical staff” was selected more often for “physiological birth process”;“the birth progressed as I expected” was selected frequently by primiparous mothers;and “the birth progressed smoothly” was selected often by multiparous mothers. 3) In terms of husbands’ satisfaction with the delivery, “I was satisfied with the delivery”, “I was given an easy-to-understand explanation”, and “They explained the process to me” was selected of primiparous and multiparous fathers. 4) All primiparous and multiparous mothers positively evaluated whether the delivery animation was helpful in understanding the process of delivery. Conclusion: The delivery animation was effective in improving the understanding and satisfaction of both the mothers and their husbands.
基金Technology Foundation Project of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Grant/Award Number:Jyhz2015。
文摘Background:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using animation as education material for family empowerment program on perioperative care for caregivers whose children were to undergo neurosurgery.Methods:A total of 204 caregivers were randomly assigned to either the face‐to‐face oral nursing educated group(Oral Group)or the animation‐assisted nursing educated group(Animated Group).The nursing education primarily focused on instructing caregivers about the manual vibration method.The primary outcome of interest in this study was participants'knowledge level,collected by a 10‐item questionnaire.Secondary outcomes included child patients'clinical data,including hospitalization days,treatments,and signs of pneumonia.Results:Participants in the Animated Group exhibited significantly higher accuracy in perioperative care knowledge assessment,and patients in this group had a lower chance of requiring atomization therapy compared to the Oral Group.Conclusions:The animation‐assisted nursing education program effectively enhances pediatric caregivers'knowledge,reduces respiratory complications after surgery,and offers valuable insights for future studies on the use of such programs to instruct caregivers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701347,31961133026,81570171,31871187,and 81070455)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFA0802400)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)affects people all over the world,and yet,its etiology is complex and remains incompletely understood.In this review,we aim to assess recent advances in understanding depression and its regulation,as well as its interaction with circadian rhythms.Circadian rhythms are internalized representations of the periodic daily light and dark cycles.Accumulating evidence has shown that MDD and the related mental disorders are associated with disrupted circadian rhythms.In particular,depression has often been linked to abnormalities in circadian rhythms because dysregulation of the circadian system increases susceptibility to MDD.The fact that several rhythms are disrupted in depressed patients suggests that these disruptions are not restricted to any one rhythm but rather involve the molecular circadian clock core machinery.The sleep-wake cycle is one rhythm that is often disrupted in depression,which often leads to disturbances in other rhythms.The circadian disruptions manifested in depressed patients and the effectiveness and fast action of chronobiologically based treatments highlight the circadian system as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of depression.This review assesses the evidence on rising depression rates and examines their contributing factors,including circadian misalignment.We discuss key hypotheses underlying depression pathogenesis,potential etiology,and relevant animal models,and underscore potential mechanisms driving depression's growing burden and how understanding these factors is critical for improving prevention and treatment strategies.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology(AML2023A02)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662023DKPY004).
文摘Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide,leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality,predominantly in low-and middleincome countries.In the past decade,substantial progress has been made in the development and implementation of rotavirus vaccines,which have been essential in alleviating the global burden of this disease,not only in human being but also in livestock species like calves and piglets,where these infections can cause significant economic losses.By synthesizing the latest research and real-world evidence,this review article is designated to provide deep insights into the current state of rotavirus vaccine technology and its global implementation as well as the application of rotavirus vaccines in veterinary settings and their importance in controlling zoonotic transmission and maintaining food security.
基金supported by the Brain&Behavior Research Foundation(30233).
文摘Depressive disorder is a chronic,recurring,and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease.According to a report by the World Health Organization,the global population suffering from depression is experiencing a significant annual increase.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on people,little is known about its pathogenesis.One major reason is the scarcity of reliable animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Furthermore,the neural circuit mechanism of depression induced by various factors is particularly complex.Considering the variability in depressive behavior patterns and neurobiological mechanisms among different animal models of depression,a comparison between the neural circuits of depression induced by various factors is essential for its treatment.In this review,we mainly summarize the most widely used behavioral animal models and neural circuits under different triggers of depression,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for depression prevention.
基金Supported by Lanzhou City Science and Technology Development Guiding Plan Project,No.2023-ZD-170Lanzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023-2-11High-Level Talent Training Project At the 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Force,No.2024-G3-5.
文摘BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is among the most devastating infectious diseases worldwide.Spinal tuberculosis is not easy to detect at an early stage,which without effective treatment often leads to spinal deformity and spinal cord damage which in turn cause complications such as paraplegia and quadriplegia.In this study,we established a model using three concentrations of bacteria and carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the model by imaging,general observations,and histopathological and bacteriological studies.AIM To establish a rabbit model of spinal tuberculosis and examine the effect on the model’s efficacy using different concentrations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)inoculum.METHODS New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental,control and blank groups.The experimental and control animals were sensitized with complete Freund′s adjuvant,a hole was drilled beneath the upper endplate of the L6 vertebral body and filled with gelfoam sponge.The experimental group was divided into three subgroups(experimental 1,experimental 2,experimental 3)and infused with M.tuberculosis suspension at various concentrations.The control group was inoculated with saline and the blank group received no treatment.The 12-week post-operative survival rates were 100%,80%and 30%in the experimental groups inoculated with concentrations of 106,107 and 108 CFU/mL bacteria,respectively.RESULTS The survival rate of the control and blank groups was 100%.Vertebral body destruction at 8 weeks in the three experimental groups as determined by X-ray analysis was 33.3%,62.5%and 66.7%,and by computed tomography(CT)and 3-dimensional CT 44.4%,75%and 100%,respectively.At 12 weeks,the figures were 44.4%,75%and 100%by X-ray analysis and 44.4%,100%and 100%by CT and 3-dimensional CT,respectively.All surviving rabbits of the experimental groups had vertebral destruction.The positive bacterial culture rates were 22.2%,75%and 66.7%,respectively,in the experimental groups.After being sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant,large differences were observed in the extent of spinal tuberculosis after inoculation of the rabbits with different concentrations of H37RV standard M.tuberculosis.CONCLUSION The experimental 1 had a low success rate at establishing an infection.The experimental 3 resulted in high mortality and complication rates.The experimental 2 was optimum for establishing a spinal tuberculosis model based on the high level of symptoms observed and the low rabbit mortality.
基金Research Fund of Jianghan University,Grant/Award Number:2021jczx-002Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,Grant/Award Number:2024AFB941 and 2024AFD241+1 种基金Wuhan Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:2023010201020448National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82204416。
文摘The high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major challenge in clinical practice.Although a series of alternative research models of CRC have been developed,appropriate orthotopic animal models that reproduce the specific clinical response as well as pathophysiological immune features of CRC are still lacking.In the current study,we constructed a CRC orthotopic xenograft model by implanting the tumor tubes at the colorectum of mice and monitored the model development using bioluminescence imaging.This model successfully recapitulates the clinical chemo-therapy efficacy,including reduced total flux,tumor weight,and the expression of Ki67 after treatment of the first-line chemotherapy regime of CRC(FOLFOX:oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil/calcium folinate).The model also reproduced the immunosup-pressive effect of FOLFOX,indicated by decreased infiltration of macrophages and increased Treg cells in tumor.Additionally,the orthotopic xenograft approach may be applied in immunodeficient NCG/NSG mice for constructing patient-derived xeno-grafts,and being used in clinical precision medicine and drug evaluation.We believe the current model is a successful surgical orthotopic xenograft approach for cancer research and deserves to be popularized,which will provide a convenient and efficient platform for in-depth mechanism exploration of CRC and preclinical drug evaluation.
基金Deputy for Research and Technology,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:4030031。
文摘Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.
基金supported by KU Leuven Internal Funding(C3/21/012)the Research Foundation Flanders(FWO G092222N)(to LM)。
文摘Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes.However,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing terminology.Going forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature oligodendrocytes.This new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological contexts.Adopting this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across studies.This,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases.Additionally,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination failure.Thus,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,No.202401AS070086(to ZW)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFA0801403(to ZW)+1 种基金Yunnan Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan,No.202105AC160041(to ZW)the Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31960120(to ZW)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.
